Refine
Year of publication
- 2024 (181) (remove)
Document Type
- Doctoral Thesis (76)
- Article (32)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (22)
- Part of a Book (12)
- Working Paper (9)
- Master's Thesis (7)
- Other (7)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
- Part of Periodical (4)
- Postprint (2)
- Report (2)
- Review (2)
- Habilitation Thesis (1)
- Preprint (1)
Keywords
- Arctic (4)
- Arktis (4)
- Judentum (4)
- experiment (4)
- Christentum (3)
- Islam (3)
- Klimawandel (3)
- Satzverarbeitung (3)
- climate change (3)
- communication (3)
- machine learning (3)
- sentence processing (3)
- Atmosphäre (2)
- Carotinoide (2)
- Cicero (2)
- Deep Learning (2)
- Deutschland (2)
- Ernährungsgewohnheit (2)
- Jüdische Studien (2)
- Kohlenstoff (2)
- Konstruktivismus (2)
- Mehrsprachigkeit (2)
- Menschenrechte (2)
- Religiöses Leben (2)
- Seismologie (2)
- Speisegebot (2)
- atmosphere (2)
- beliefs (2)
- carbon (2)
- carotenoids (2)
- constructivism (2)
- corruption (2)
- deep learning (2)
- enterprise systems (2)
- entrepreneurship (2)
- history (2)
- international law (2)
- learning environment (2)
- modular production (2)
- production control (2)
- seismology (2)
- uncertainty (2)
- voting (2)
- (latente) Mehrebenen-(Kovariaten-)Modelle (1)
- 1848/49 revolution (1)
- 3D-Einbettung (1)
- 3D-embedding (1)
- ALOX15B (1)
- Acetobacteraceae (1)
- Achtsamkeit (1)
- Aktin (1)
- Aleksandr Škljarevskij (1837-1883) (1)
- Aleksandra Marinina (*1957) (1)
- Alexander von Humboldt (1)
- Ambivalenz (1)
- Amblystegiaceae (1)
- Amnestien (1)
- Ancient Rome (1)
- Anfänge der systematischen lateinische Epigraphik (1)
- Anode (1)
- Antibeschlag-Additive (1)
- Antifouling (1)
- Aphasie (1)
- Archiv (1)
- Arkadij Adamov (1920-1991) (1)
- Arkadij Vajner (1931-2005) (1)
- Atmosphärenforschung (1)
- Atrio-oesophageale Fistel (1)
- Auftaktworkshop (1)
- Ausbreitung der kosmischen Strahlung (1)
- Austausch zwischen zwei Spezies (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- Bachdenitrifikation (1)
- Banken (1)
- Baumgrenzen-Dynamik (1)
- Bedarfsanalyse (1)
- Bekämpfungskonventionen (1)
- Bernhard Eberhard (1)
- Beschriftung (1)
- Betäubungsmittelkriminalität (1)
- Beweidung (1)
- Bias in Science (1)
- Biklausalität (1)
- Bildkontextanalyse (1)
- Bilingualismus (1)
- Biotechnologie (1)
- Blazar (1)
- Blickbewegungen (1)
- Bodenbewegungsmodellierung (1)
- Bodenfeuchtigkeit (1)
- Bodenhydrologie (1)
- Boris Akunin (*1956) (1)
- Brandenburg (1)
- Braunmoose (1)
- Bryophyten (1)
- Buddhismus (1)
- CN (1)
- Carl Ludwig (1)
- Central Andes (1)
- Central Europe (1)
- Chemie (1)
- Chronosequenzstudie (1)
- Cognitive Apprenticeship (1)
- Colom-bian Spanish (1)
- Copolymere (1)
- Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (1)
- Corrupción (1)
- Corruption, (1)
- Counseling (1)
- Covid-19-Pandemie (1)
- Crime fiction (1)
- Curriculare Innovation (1)
- Cytochrome C (1)
- DNA origami (1)
- DNA origami nanoantennas (DONA) (1)
- DSS-Colitis (1)
- Dateistruktur (1)
- Datenaufbereitung (1)
- Datenbank (1)
- Datenbanksysteme (1)
- Datenmonetarisierung (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) (1)
- Datenschutzmanagement (1)
- Datenverwaltung (1)
- Debugging (1)
- Decarbonisation (1)
- Dekarbonisierung (1)
- Designparameter (1)
- Designrecht (1)
- Diamantstempelzelle (1)
- Dichte (1)
- Diffraktion (1)
- Digitale Bildung (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Diskriminierung (1)
- Diskriminierungsausgleich (1)
- Diskriminierungsgeschichte (1)
- Diskurs (1)
- Diskursanalyse (1)
- Diskurstheorie (1)
- Drohnen-Fernerkundung (1)
- Dynamische kognitive Modellierung (1)
- Dürre (1)
- ENTH domain proteins (1)
- ENTH-Domänen Proteine (1)
- ERP (1)
- Editionsphilologie (1)
- Ehrenmitglied der Warschauer Gesellschaft der Freunde der Wissenschaften (1)
- Ehrfurcht vor Kosmos (1)
- Eigenspannung (1)
- Einhaltung der Thora (1)
- Einkauf (1)
- Einzugsgebietshydrologie Wasserqualitätsmodell (1)
- Elektrolumineszenz (1)
- Elektrolumineszenz-Folie (1)
- Elektronenrückstreubeugung (1)
- Emil du Bois-Reymond (1)
- Endophyten (1)
- Energie (1)
- Englisch (1)
- English (1)
- Entscheidungsunterstützung (1)
- Entwicklungstheorien (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Epigenetik (1)
- Epiphyten (1)
- Erdbeben (1)
- Erdmantel (1)
- Erneuerbare Energie (1)
- Essai politique sur l'île de Cuba (1)
- Essigsäurebakterien (1)
- Essverhalten (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Exhaustivität (1)
- Exoplaneten (1)
- Exoplanetenatmosphären (1)
- Experience Sampling Method (ESM) (1)
- Exziton-Dissoziation (1)
- Eye-Tracking-Verfahren (1)
- Eye-tracking (1)
- FATF (1)
- Familiarität (1)
- Faulkner studies (1)
- Faulknerforschung (1)
- Fernerkundung (1)
- Fernerkundung an Vulkanen (1)
- Ferroperiklas (1)
- Fertigung (1)
- Flavonoide (1)
- Fokus (1)
- Folientunnel (1)
- Französisch (1)
- Frauen (1)
- Frauenbewegung (1)
- Frauenkrimi (1)
- Fremdsprachendidaktik (1)
- French (1)
- Freud-Forschung (1)
- Freud-research (1)
- Frieden (1)
- Förderung junger Wissenschaftler (1)
- GNSS (1)
- GPS (1)
- Gammastrahlen: allgemein (1)
- Gebrauchsmusterrecht (1)
- Gefahren (1)
- Geistiges Eigentum (1)
- Geldwäsche (1)
- Gender (1)
- General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (1)
- Genomik (1)
- Geomorphologie (1)
- Geophysik (1)
- Georgij Vajner (1938-2009) (1)
- German legislation (1)
- German women's movement (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschichte (1)
- Geschichtswissenschaft (1)
- Geschlecht (1)
- Gesellschafts-, Handels- und Wettbewerbsrecht, allgemein (1)
- Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz (1)
- Gletscherschmelze (1)
- Greek mythology (1)
- Grenzschicht (1)
- Habsburg Empire (1)
- Habsburg Studies (1)
- Habsburgisches Reich (1)
- Habsburgstudien (1)
- Halacha (1)
- Halophyten (1)
- Hebrew Catholics (1)
- Hitzeaktionsplan (1)
- Hitzestress (1)
- Hochdruck (1)
- Hochschuldidaktik (1)
- Hochschulverlage (1)
- Hohlraumeffekte (1)
- Humboldt-Nachlass (1)
- Hydrogele (1)
- Hydrologie (1)
- In-situ Experimente (1)
- Inconel 718 (1)
- Indexauswahl (1)
- Individual Participant Data Metaanalyse (1)
- Indoor farming (1)
- Informationsstruktur (1)
- Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- Instabilitäten (1)
- Interessengrad-Techniken (1)
- Internationale Beziehungen (1)
- Interoperability (1)
- Interoperalität (1)
- Intersections (1)
- Intraklassenkorrelation (1)
- Investitionsverhalten (1)
- Investment Behavior (1)
- Jewish Christians (1)
- Jewish Law (1)
- Jewish Studies (1)
- Jewish denominations (1)
- Jewish identity (1)
- Jewish studies (1)
- Jonathan Muroya (1)
- Judaism (1)
- Judenchristen (1)
- Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz (1)
- Jüdische Sprachen (1)
- Kaiser von Russland und König von Polen (Kongresspolen) (1)
- Kalibrierung an mehreren Standorten (1)
- Kasus (1)
- Kickoff Workshop (1)
- Kinder (1)
- Klimaanpassung (1)
- Klimakrise (1)
- Klimaresilienz (1)
- Knock in Mäuse (1)
- Koartikulation (1)
- Kognitionspsychologie (1)
- Kohlenstoffnitrid (CN) (1)
- Kommunen (1)
- Komplexität (1)
- Konsum (1)
- Konsum und Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Konsumverhalten (1)
- Kopfsalat (1)
- Korruption (1)
- Kosmos (1)
- Kovariatenwahl (1)
- Kreativitätstest (1)
- Kriminalfilm (1)
- Kriminalliteratur (1)
- Krise (1)
- Kuba (1)
- Kunststoff-Additive (1)
- Kurhessen (1)
- Kursdesign (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- Ladungsgenerierung (1)
- Landesrecht (1)
- Landschaftsentwicklung (1)
- Large-Scale Assessment (1)
- Laserstrahlschmelzen (1)
- Lastverteilung (1)
- Lateinunterricht (1)
- Legitimität (1)
- Lehrwerk (1)
- Leistungsverwaltung (1)
- Lerneinheit (1)
- Lerntagebuch (1)
- Lernumgebung (1)
- Lesen (1)
- Lipoxygenase (1)
- Louise Otto-Peters (1)
- Lösungsmittel (1)
- MOOC (1)
- MaMoG (1)
- Markenrecht (1)
- Market Dynamics (1)
- Marktdynamik (1)
- Marriage Preparations (1)
- Massenspektrometrie (1)
- Meereis (1)
- Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik (1)
- Mensch-Technik-Interaktion (1)
- Messianic Jewish Movement (1)
- Messianic Jews (1)
- Messianic Judaism (1)
- Messianische Juden (1)
- Messianism (1)
- Messianismus (1)
- Meta-Selbstanpassung (1)
- Meteorologie (1)
- Methodik (1)
- Micro Degree (1)
- Mikroalgen (1)
- Molekularbiologie (1)
- Moorsukzession (1)
- Moos-Mikroben-Interaktion (1)
- Moos-assoziierte Methanoxidation (1)
- Moos-assoziierte Methanproduktion (1)
- Morphologie (1)
- Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien (1)
- Nahrung der Zukunft (1)
- Nationale Aktionspläne (1)
- Natrium-Ionen-Batterie (1)
- Naturgefahren (1)
- Needs Analysis (1)
- Negotiation Performance (1)
- New Spain (1)
- New religious movements (1)
- Nicht-Fulleren-Akzeptoren (1)
- Nikolaus I. (1)
- Numerus (1)
- Nutzer-Engagement (1)
- Nutzungsrechte (1)
- Oesophagus-Schäden (1)
- Online-Lehre (1)
- Onlinekurs (1)
- Onlinekurs-Produktion (1)
- Open Access (1)
- Ordnungsverwaltung (1)
- Organisationen (1)
- Paraguayan Spanish (1)
- Patentrecht (1)
- Permafrost (1)
- Perowskit-Solarzellen (1)
- Pflanzen-Mikroben-Interaktionen (1)
- Pflanzenwachstum (1)
- Pfotenödem Mausmodell (1)
- Philosophie (1)
- Phonetik (1)
- Phonologie (1)
- Physik (1)
- Physiologie (1)
- Plattform <Wirtschaft> (1)
- Policy Changes (1)
- Politikunterricht (1)
- Politikänderungen (1)
- Poststrukturalismus (1)
- Potenziale (1)
- Poweranalyse (1)
- Pro Milone (1)
- Probleme (1)
- Produktionssteuerung (1)
- Projektarbeit (1)
- Prototyp (1)
- Psychoanalyse (1)
- Psycholinguistik (1)
- Psychologie (1)
- Publication Processes (1)
- Publikationsprozesse (1)
- Rechtswissenschaft (1)
- Reinforcement Learning (1)
- Relativized Minimality (1)
- Relativsätze (1)
- Religionskunde (1)
- Religiöse Speisevorschriften (1)
- Renewable Energy (1)
- Reproduktion von Inschriften (1)
- República romana (1)
- Ressourcenverbrauch (1)
- Restaurierung von Flüssen (1)
- Revolution 1848/49 (1)
- Roman Republic (1)
- Russian (1)
- Russian cultural history (1)
- Russian popular culture (1)
- Russisch (1)
- Russische Kulturgeschichte (1)
- Russische Popularkultur (1)
- SDGs (1)
- SERS (1)
- Sachbearbeitung (1)
- Saline Landwirtschaft (1)
- Schadstofftransport (1)
- Schuld (1)
- Schulleistung (1)
- Schwefel (1)
- Schöpfer (1)
- Schülermaterial (1)
- Scientific Narratives (1)
- Sebastian Kurz (1)
- Seesediment (1)
- Selection-Linked Integration (1)
- Sequenzielle Likelihood (1)
- Shidduchin (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Simulation, Größe (1)
- Social Bots erkennen (1)
- Socialist realism (1)
- Softwareanalytik (1)
- Softwareentwicklung (1)
- Softwarevisualisierung (1)
- Solarzellen (1)
- Sozialistischer Realismus (1)
- Soziologie (1)
- Spaltsätze (1)
- Spartacus (1)
- Spektroskopie (1)
- Sphagnum (1)
- Sprachbewusstheit (1)
- Spracherwerb (1)
- Sprachideologie (1)
- Sprachlernbewusstheit (1)
- Sprachvernetzung (1)
- Sprachverständnis (1)
- Staatsanleihen (1)
- Staatsverschuldung (1)
- Stadtplanung (1)
- Starkregen (1)
- Stereotype (1)
- Stern-Planeten-Wechselwirkung (1)
- Sternphysik (1)
- Strömungsneigung (1)
- Suffizienz (1)
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (1)
- Synchrotronstrahlung (1)
- Synthese (1)
- Systemtheorie (1)
- Talmudic Judaism (1)
- Talmudisches Judentum (1)
- Tanz (1)
- Tau-Protein (1)
- Terrorismus (1)
- Test (1)
- Testmanual (1)
- Textur (1)
- Theorie (1)
- Theory (1)
- Thermoelektrizität (1)
- Thora (1)
- Torah (1)
- Torah observance (1)
- Torfmoose (1)
- Transfer (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transkriptomik (1)
- Translanguaging (1)
- Translation (1)
- Treemaps (1)
- Tupaia belangeri (1)
- Ultraschall (1)
- Ungewissheit (1)
- University Presses (1)
- Untereinheitenimpfstoff (1)
- UrhDaG (1)
- Urheber (1)
- Urheberrecht (1)
- Utility-Funktionen (1)
- Verantwortung (1)
- Verhandlungsleistung (1)
- Verhältnis zu Polen (1)
- Vervielfältigung (1)
- Voreingenommenheit in der Wissenschaft (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vorhersagemodelle (1)
- Vorhofflimmern (1)
- Vorurteile (1)
- Vulkanüberwachung (1)
- Völkerrecht (1)
- WPS Agenda (1)
- WPS agenda (1)
- Wahrnehmungsdialektologie (1)
- Wasserdampf (1)
- Web-basiertes Rendering (1)
- Wellen (1)
- Werk (1)
- Wettbewerbsrecht (1)
- William Faulkner (1)
- Wirksamkeit von Entwicklungspolitik (1)
- Wirtschaftsinformatik Projekte (1)
- Wirtsspezifität (1)
- Wissenschaftskommunikation (1)
- Wissenschaftskommunikationstypen (1)
- Workflow Management System (1)
- Workflow-Management-System (1)
- Wurzelhaarbildung (1)
- Wärmefluss (1)
- Wärmekapazität (1)
- Yucatecan Spanish (1)
- Zellmotilität (1)
- Zentraleuropa (1)
- Zoom (1)
- Zusammenhänge der Naturerscheinungen und deren Wechselwirkungen auf einander (1)
- Zustandsverwaltung (1)
- Zuweisung thematischer Rollen (1)
- Zwitterionen (1)
- Zyklone (1)
- achtsames Essen (1)
- actin (1)
- additive Fertigung (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- agents (1)
- alternative Strafverfolgungsmechanismen (1)
- alternative criminal prosecution mechanisms (1)
- ambivalence (1)
- amnesties (1)
- anode (1)
- anomale Diffusion (1)
- anomalous diffusion (1)
- anthropocene (1)
- antifogging additives (1)
- antifouling (1)
- análisis del discurso, (1)
- aphasia (1)
- architecture-based software adaptation (1)
- architektonische Schönheit der Humboldt’schen Sprache (1)
- architekturbasierte Softwareanpassung (1)
- assimilatorische Aufnahme (1)
- assimilatory uptake (1)
- atmospheric science (1)
- atrial fibrillation (1)
- atrio-esophageal fistula (1)
- banking (1)
- biclausality (1)
- bilingualism (1)
- biotechnology (1)
- black people (1)
- blazar (1)
- bleifreie Perowskit-Solarzellen (1)
- boundary layer (1)
- bourgeoisie (1)
- bribery (1)
- brown mosses (1)
- bryophytes (1)
- business models (1)
- bürgerliches Frauenbild (1)
- cartel (1)
- cartoons (1)
- case (1)
- catchment hydrology Water quality model (1)
- causal AI (1)
- causal discovery (1)
- causal reasoning (1)
- causal structure learning (1)
- cavity effects (1)
- cell motility (1)
- charge generation (1)
- chemically induced dislocation (1)
- chemisch-induzierte Dislokation (1)
- chemistry (1)
- children (1)
- chronosequence study (1)
- classical reception (1)
- clefts (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate resilience (1)
- coarticulation (1)
- code of conduct (1)
- cognitive apprenticeship (1)
- cognitive psychology (1)
- collusion (1)
- complexity (1)
- conceptual change (1)
- confidence (1)
- constitutional law (1)
- contaminant transport (1)
- continuation thesis (1)
- cooperation (1)
- coordination (1)
- copolymers (1)
- cosmic ray propagation (1)
- covariate selection (1)
- creativity test (1)
- curriculum design (1)
- curriculum development (1)
- curriculum innovation (1)
- curtailment thesis (1)
- cyclones (1)
- dance (1)
- data and methods (1)
- data management (1)
- data monetization (1)
- data preparation (1)
- data privacy (1)
- data-driven artifacts (1)
- database (1)
- database systems (1)
- dating (1)
- debugging (1)
- decision-making (1)
- deep reinforcement learning (1)
- degree-of-interest techniques (1)
- density (1)
- design parameters (1)
- design-science research (1)
- developing country cities (1)
- diamond anvil cell (1)
- diffraction (1)
- diffraction elastic constants (1)
- diffraktionselastische Konstanten (1)
- digital education (1)
- digital fashion (1)
- digital platform openness (1)
- digital product development (1)
- digital transformations (1)
- digital twin (1)
- digitale Geisteswissenschaften (1)
- digitale Mode (1)
- digitale Produktentwicklung (1)
- digitale Transformation (1)
- digitalization (1)
- discourse analysis (1)
- discrete choice (1)
- discrete event simulation (1)
- discretion (1)
- discrimination (1)
- drought (1)
- drug trafficking (1)
- dynamical cognitive modeling (1)
- e-learning (1)
- earth mantle (1)
- earth system governance (1)
- earthquake (1)
- eating behavior (1)
- ecology (1)
- ecosystem reconstruction (1)
- elections (1)
- electroluminescence (1)
- electroluminescent foil (1)
- electron backscatter diffraction (1)
- embezzlement (1)
- emotional cognitive dynamics (1)
- emotional kognitive Dynamiken (1)
- emotions (1)
- enablement thesis (1)
- endophytes (1)
- energy (1)
- energy policy (1)
- enteprise-level (1)
- enterprise architecture (1)
- enterprise ecosystems: the integrated enterprise (1)
- entrepreneurship education (1)
- enzymatische Reaktionsspezifität (1)
- epigenetics (1)
- epiphytes (1)
- equality (1)
- equity crowdfunding (1)
- erklärte Varianz (1)
- escalation of commitment (1)
- eskalierendes Commitment (1)
- esophageal injury (1)
- español colombiano (1)
- español paragua-yo (1)
- español yucateco (1)
- evaluation (1)
- evelopment of the prohibition of racial (1)
- exciton dissociation (1)
- executive functions (1)
- exekutive Funktionen (1)
- exhaustivity (1)
- exoplanet atmospheres (1)
- exoplanets (1)
- experimental studies (1)
- experimentelle Studien (1)
- explained variance (1)
- eye movements (1)
- eye tracking (1)
- eye-tracking (1)
- familiarity (1)
- fasten (1)
- federated industrial platform ecosystems (1)
- feminist foreign policy (1)
- feministische Außenpolitik (1)
- ferropericlase (1)
- file structure (1)
- finance (1)
- financial access and inclusion (1)
- fiscal capacity (1)
- fiskalische Kapazität (1)
- flavonoids (1)
- focus (1)
- follower turnover intentions (1)
- forecasting (1)
- foreign language teaching (1)
- fragile Staaten (1)
- fragile states (1)
- future food (1)
- galactic magnetic fields (1)
- galaktische Magnetfelder (1)
- gamma rays: general (1)
- ganzzahlige lineare Optimierung (1)
- gemischte Daten (1)
- gender (1)
- gender pay gap (1)
- genetic screen (1)
- genetischer Screen (1)
- genomics (1)
- geographische Großstudie (1)
- geomorphology (1)
- geophysics (1)
- geschützter Anbau (1)
- gift-giving (1)
- glacier melt (1)
- global commons (1)
- globales Navigationssatellitensystem (1)
- globales Positionsbestimmungssystem (1)
- graph neural networks (1)
- graphische neuronale Netze (1)
- grazing (1)
- ground motion modeling (1)
- guilt (1)
- halal (1)
- halophytes (1)
- hazards (1)
- heat action plan (1)
- heat capacity (1)
- heat flux (1)
- heat stress (1)
- hebräische Katholiken (1)
- hierarchical data (1)
- hierarchische Daten (1)
- hierarchy (1)
- high pressure (1)
- high resolution (1)
- historical consciousness (1)
- historiography (1)
- history teaching (1)
- history textbooks (1)
- hohe Auflösung (1)
- homeostasis (1)
- host-specificity (1)
- human diet (1)
- human rights (1)
- human-technology interaction (1)
- hybrid Bayesian-classical precision simulations (1)
- hybrid fashion (1)
- hybride Bayesianisch-klassische Simulationen der Schätzgenauigkeit (1)
- hydrogels (1)
- hydrology (1)
- hydrothermale Alteration (1)
- illusion of control (1)
- immaterielle Mode (1)
- in-operando SAXS (1)
- in-situ testing (1)
- index selection (1)
- individual health responsibility (1)
- individual participant data meta-analysis (1)
- individually, multisite, and cluster randomized trials (1)
- individuell-, block- und cluster-randomisierte Studien (1)
- indoor farming (1)
- infinitely repeated game (1)
- informal organization (1)
- information structure (1)
- information systems projects (1)
- information systems research (1)
- instabilities (1)
- integer linear programming (1)
- interactive visualization (1)
- interaktive Visualisierung (1)
- international criminal law (1)
- international mutual legal assistance (1)
- internationale Rechtshilfe (1)
- internationales Strafrecht (1)
- interspecies interchange (1)
- intraclass correlation (1)
- is governance (1)
- it/business alignment (1)
- jüdische Identität (1)
- jüdische Konfessionen (1)
- kausale Entdeckung (1)
- kausale KI (1)
- kausale Schlussfolgerung (1)
- kausales Strukturlernen (1)
- knowledge sharing (1)
- koscher (1)
- labeling (1)
- labialización (1)
- labialization (1)
- lake sediment (1)
- landscape evolution (1)
- language acquisition (1)
- language awareness (1)
- language learning awareness (1)
- large-scale assessment (1)
- large-scale study (1)
- laser powder bed fusion (1)
- lautes Denken (1)
- lead-free perovskites (1)
- leadership (1)
- learning unit (1)
- legitimacy (1)
- lettuce (1)
- levels of information systems research (process, enterprise-, ecosystem- & industry-level) (1)
- linked employer-employee data (1)
- load balancing (1)
- local government (1)
- locus of control (1)
- logical errors (1)
- logische Fehler (1)
- mHM-Nitrat-Modell (1)
- mHM-Nitrate model (1)
- mammalian ALOX15 orthologs (1)
- manufacturing (1)
- margins of error (1)
- marriage (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- mass spectrometry (1)
- mating (1)
- mechanical behavior (1)
- mechanisches Verhalten (1)
- menschliche Ernährung (1)
- messianisch-jüdische Bewegung (1)
- messianische Juden (1)
- messianisches Judentum (1)
- meta self-adaptation (1)
- meteorology (1)
- methanogenic archaea (1)
- methanotrophic bacteria (1)
- methanoxidierende Bakterien (1)
- methanproduzierende Archaeen (1)
- methodology (1)
- miRNA Regulation (1)
- miRNA regulation (1)
- micro degree (1)
- micro-credential (1)
- microalgae (1)
- microbial soil communities (1)
- mikrobielle Bodengemeinschaften (1)
- mikrobielle Moor-Kerngemeinschaft (1)
- mindful eating (1)
- mindfulness (1)
- mixed data (1)
- mobile-immobile model (MIM) (1)
- model-driven engineering (1)
- modellgesteuerte Entwicklung (1)
- modulare Produktion (1)
- molecular biology (1)
- money laundering (1)
- moralidad (1)
- morality (1)
- morpho-syntactic features (1)
- morpho-syntaktische Merkmale (1)
- morphological analysis (1)
- morphology (1)
- moss-associated archaea (1)
- moss-associated bacteria (1)
- moss-associated methanogenesis (1)
- moss-associated methanotrophy (1)
- moss-microbe-interactions (1)
- motivation (1)
- multi-agent system (1)
- multi-party systems (1)
- multi-site calibration (1)
- multilevel (latent covariate) models (1)
- multilingual didactics (1)
- multilingualism (1)
- multiplexity (1)
- nachhaltige Lebensstile (1)
- nasales a final de palabra (1)
- national action plans (1)
- natural hazards (1)
- neue religiöse Bewegungen (1)
- nicht-parametrische bedingte Unabhängigkeitstests (1)
- nicht-thermische Strahlung (1)
- non-fullerene acceptors (1)
- non-parametric conditional independence testing (1)
- non-thermal radiation (1)
- normas sociales (1)
- northern peatlands (1)
- number (1)
- nördliche Moore (1)
- observational data (1)
- occupational gender segregation (1)
- online course creation (1)
- online course design (1)
- online teaching (1)
- opinion polls (1)
- optical properties (1)
- optimism (1)
- optische Eigenschaften (1)
- organic solar cell (1)
- organic-inorganic hybrids (1)
- organisch-anorganische Hybride (1)
- organische Solarzelle (1)
- organisierte Kriminalität (1)
- organizational level (1)
- organizations (1)
- organized crime (1)
- parameter transferability (1)
- partial replication (1)
- partielle Replikation (1)
- partnership (1)
- party competition (1)
- peace (1)
- peatland core microbiome (1)
- peatland development (1)
- perceived meaningfulness (1)
- permafrost (1)
- perovskite (1)
- perovskite solar cells (1)
- persistent memory (1)
- persistenter Speicher (1)
- pflanzliche Sekundär Metabolite (1)
- phonetics (1)
- phonology (1)
- photovoltaische Materialien (1)
- physics (1)
- physiological needs (1)
- planetary boundaries (1)
- plant growth (1)
- plant secondary metabolites (1)
- plant-microbe interactions (1)
- plastic additives (1)
- plurilingualism (1)
- pluvial flooding (1)
- pmem (1)
- political science (1)
- politics and the media (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- polling (1)
- pollution (1)
- polytunnel (1)
- postmodern crime fiction (1)
- postmoderner Krimi (1)
- potentials (1)
- power analysis (1)
- prediction models (1)
- preference for agency (1)
- prisoner’s dilemma (1)
- privacy management (1)
- problems (1)
- progressive rendering (1)
- progressives Rendering (1)
- promises (1)
- protected cultivation (1)
- prototype (1)
- psychoanalysis (1)
- psycholinguistics (1)
- public administration (1)
- public debt (1)
- public good (1)
- public health insurance (1)
- rapid earthquake impact assessment (1)
- reading (1)
- reinforcement learning (1)
- relative clauses (1)
- relativierte Minimalitätstheorie (1)
- relativistic processes (1)
- relativistische Prozesse (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- residual stress (1)
- river restoration (1)
- root hair formation (1)
- räumlich-zeitliche Validierung (1)
- römisches Recht (1)
- saline agriculture (1)
- scalable (1)
- schnelle Einschätzung von Erdbebenauswirkungen (1)
- schwach elektrischer Fisch (1)
- science communication (1)
- science communication types (1)
- sea ice (1)
- secondary plant metabolites (1)
- sedimentary ancient DNA (1)
- seismic hazard (1)
- seismische Gefährdung (1)
- sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe (1)
- selbstanpassende Systeme (1)
- selbstheilende Systeme (1)
- selection-linked integration (1)
- self-adaptive systems (1)
- self-awarenesssender-receiver framework zoom (1)
- self-healing (1)
- self-view,virtual meetings (1)
- sender-receiver framework (1)
- sequential likelihood (1)
- simulation (1)
- simulation, size (1)
- skalierbar (1)
- slavery (1)
- social bot detection (1)
- social network (1)
- social norms (1)
- socio-technical system (1)
- sociology (1)
- sodium-ion battery (1)
- soft information (1)
- software analytics (1)
- software development (1)
- software visualization (1)
- soil hydrology (1)
- soil moisture (1)
- solar cells (1)
- solidarity (1)
- sovereign exposure (1)
- sozio-technisches System (1)
- spatiotemporal validation (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- spoken sentence comprehension (1)
- stabile Schichtung (1)
- stable stratification (1)
- star-planet interaction (1)
- state management (1)
- statistics (1)
- stellar physics (1)
- stereotypes (1)
- strategic uncertainty (1)
- stream denitrification (1)
- stream sinuosity (1)
- street-level bureaucracy (1)
- student achievement (1)
- städtisch (1)
- städtischer Wärmeinseleffekt (1)
- subunit vaccine (1)
- sulfur (1)
- suppression conventions (1)
- suspended sediment (1)
- suspendiertes Sediment (1)
- sustainability strategies (1)
- synchrotron radiation (1)
- synthesis (1)
- systematic (1)
- systematisch (1)
- systemic risk (1)
- systemisches Risiko (1)
- systems theory (1)
- tabellarische Dateien (1)
- tabular data (1)
- tau proteins (1)
- teaching material (1)
- technologies (1)
- terrorism (1)
- test (1)
- test manual (1)
- textbook (1)
- textbook research (1)
- texture (1)
- thematic-role assignment (1)
- theological field study (1)
- theologische Feldstudie (1)
- thermic catheter ablation (1)
- thermische Katheterablation (1)
- thermoelectricity (1)
- think aloud (1)
- tin perovskites (1)
- transcriptomics (1)
- transfer (1)
- transfers (1)
- translation (1)
- transnational crime (1)
- transnational criminal law (1)
- transnationale Kriminalität (1)
- transnationales Strafrecht (1)
- treeline dynamics (1)
- treemaps (1)
- tropical freshwater fish (1)
- tropische Süßwasserfische (1)
- ultra-high energy cosmic rays (1)
- ultrahochenergetische kosmische Strahlung (1)
- ultrasound tongue imaging (1)
- unreal fashion (1)
- urban heat island (1)
- user engagement (1)
- utility functions (1)
- video games (1)
- virtual fashion (1)
- virtuelle Mode (1)
- visionary leadership (1)
- visuality and narrative (1)
- visuell-linguistische Integration (1)
- visuo-linguistic integration (1)
- volcanic hydrothermal systems (1)
- volcano remote sensing (1)
- vote switching (1)
- voters (1)
- vulkanische Entgasungs-und Hydrothermalsysteme (1)
- vulkanische Entgasungssysteme (1)
- water vapour (1)
- waves (1)
- weakly electric fish (1)
- web-based rendering (1)
- welfare state (1)
- wissenschaftliche Narrative (1)
- women (1)
- women’s crime fiction (1)
- word-final nasals (1)
- word-image relations (1)
- zentrale Anden (1)
- zwitterions (1)
- ÖVP (1)
- Ökologie (1)
- Ökosystem-Rekonstruktion (1)
- Überschneidungen (1)
- Übertragbarkeit der Parameter (1)
- öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
- детективный жанр (1)
- женский детектив (1)
- история русской культуры (1)
- постмодернистский детектив (1)
- русская популярная культура (1)
- социалистический реализм (1)
Institute
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (19)
- Extern (16)
- Bürgerliches Recht (12)
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (12)
- Historisches Institut (12)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (12)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (11)
- Fachgruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre (9)
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH (9)
- Institut für Jüdische Studien und Religionswissenschaft (8)
With the surging reliance on videoconferencing tools, users may find themselves staring at their reflections for hours a day. We refer to this phenomenon as self-referential information (SRI) consumption and examine its consequences and the mechanism behind them. Building on self-awareness research and the strength model of self-control, we argue that SRI consumption heightens the state of self-awareness and thereby depletes participants’ mental resources, eventually undermining virtual meeting (VM) outcomes. Our findings from a European employee sample revealed contrary effects of SRI consumption across speaker vs listener roles. Engagement with self-view is positively associated with self-awareness, which, in turn, is negatively related to satisfaction with VM process, perceived productivity, and enjoyment. Looking at the self while listening to others exhibits adverse direct and indirect (via self-awareness) effects on VM outcomes. However, looking at the self when speaking exhibits positive direct effects on satisfaction with VM process and enjoyment.
It is a well-attested finding in head-initial languages that individuals with aphasia (IWA) have greater difficulties in comprehending object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs) as compared to subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs). Adopting the linguistically based approach of Relativized Minimality (RM; Rizzi, 1990, 2004), the subject-object asymmetry is attributed to the occurrence of a Minimality effect in ORCs due to reduced processing capacities in IWA (Garraffa & Grillo, 2008; Grillo, 2008, 2009). For ORCs, it is claimed that the embedded subject intervenes in the syntactic dependency between the moved object and its trace, resulting in greater processing demands. In contrast, no such intervener is present in SRCs. Based on the theoretical framework of RM and findings from language acquisition (Belletti et al., 2012; Friedmann et al., 2009), it is assumed that Minimality effects are alleviated when the moved object and the intervening subject differ in terms of relevant syntactic features. For German, the language under investigation, the RM approach predicts that number (i.e., singular vs. plural) and the lexical restriction [+NP] feature (i.e., lexically restricted determiner phrases vs. lexically unrestricted pronouns) are considered relevant in the computation of Minimality. Greater degrees of featural distinctiveness are predicted to result in more facilitated processing of ORCs, because IWA can more easily distinguish between the moved object and the intervener.
This cumulative dissertation aims to provide empirical evidence on the validity of the RM approach in accounting for comprehension patterns during relative clause (RC) processing in German-speaking IWA. For that purpose, I conducted two studies including visual-world eye-tracking experiments embedded within an auditory referent-identification task to study the offline and online processing of German RCs. More specifically, target sentences were created to evaluate (a) whether IWA demonstrate a subject-object asymmetry, (b) whether dissimilarity in the number and/or the [+NP] features facilitates ORC processing, and (c) whether sentence processing in IWA benefits from greater degrees of featural distinctiveness. Furthermore, by comparing RCs disambiguated through case marking (at the relative pronoun or the following noun phrase) and number marking (inflection of the sentence-final verb), it was possible to consider the role of the relative position of the disambiguation point. The RM approach predicts that dissimilarity in case should not affect the occurrence of Minimality effects. However, the case cue to sentence interpretation appears earlier within RCs than the number cue, which may result in lower processing costs in case-disambiguated RCs compared to number-disambiguated RCs.
In study I, target sentences varied with respect to word order (SRC vs. ORC) and dissimilarity in the [+NP] feature (lexically restricted determiner phrase vs. pronouns as embedded element). Moreover, by comparing the impact of these manipulations in case- and number-disambiguated RCs, the effect of dissimilarity in the number feature was explored. IWA demonstrated a subject-object asymmetry, indicating the occurrence of a Minimality effect in ORCs. However, dissimilarity neither in the number feature nor in the [+NP] feature alone facilitated ORC processing. Instead, only ORCs involving distinct specifications of both the number and the [+NP] features were well comprehended by IWA. In study II, only temporarily ambiguous ORCs disambiguated through case or number marking were investigated, while controlling for varying points of disambiguation. There was a slight processing advantage of case marking as cue to sentence interpretation as compared to number marking.
Taken together, these findings suggest that the RM approach can only partially capture empirical data from German IWA. In processing complex syntactic structures, IWA are susceptible to the occurrence of the intervening subject in ORCs. The new findings reported in the thesis show that structural dissimilarity can modulate sentence comprehension in aphasia. Interestingly, IWA can override Minimality effects in ORCs and derive correct sentence meaning if the featural specifications of the constituents are maximally different, because they can more easily distinguish the moved object and the intervening subject given their reduced processing capacities. This dissertation presents new scientific knowledge that highlights how the syntactic theory of RM helps to uncover selective effects of morpho-syntactic features on sentence comprehension in aphasia, emphasizing the close link between assumptions from theoretical syntax and empirical research.
Relativistic pair beams produced in the cosmic voids by TeV gamma rays from blazars are expected to produce a detectable GeV-scale cascade emission missing in the observations. The suppression of this secondary cascade implies either the deflection of the pair beam by intergalactic magnetic fields (IGMFs) or an energy loss of the beam due to the electrostatic beam-plasma instability. IGMF of femto-Gauss strength is sufficient to significantly deflect the pair beams reducing the flux of secondary cascade below the observational limits. A similar flux reduction may result in the absence of the IGMF from the beam energy loss by the instability before the inverse Compton cooling. This dissertation consists of two studies about the instability role in the evolution of blazar-induced beams.
Firstly, we investigated the effect of sub-fG level IGMF on the beam energy loss by the instability. Considering IGMF with correlation lengths smaller than a few kpc, we found that such fields increase the transverse momentum of the pair beam particles, dramatically reducing the linear growth rate of the electrostatic instability and hence the energy-loss rate of the pair beam. Our results show that the IGMF eliminates beam plasma instability as an effective energy-loss agent at a field strength three orders of magnitude below that needed to suppress the secondary cascade emission by magnetic deflection. For intermediate-strength IGMF, we do not know a viable process to explain the observed absence of GeV-scale cascade emission and hence can be excluded.
Secondly, we probed how the beam-plasma instability feeds back on the beam, using a realistic two-dimensional beam distribution. We found that the instability broadens the beam opening angles significantly without any significant energy loss, thus confirming a recent feedback study on a simplified one-dimensional beam distribution. However, narrowing diffusion feedback of the beam particles with Lorentz factors less than 1e6 might become relevant even though initially it is negligible. Finally, when considering the continuous creation of TeV pairs, we found that the beam distribution and the wave spectrum reach a new quasi-steady state, in which the scattering of beam particles persists and the beam opening angle may increase by a factor of hundreds. This new intrinsic scattering of the cascade can result in time delays of around ten years, thus potentially mimicking the IGMF deflection. Understanding the implications on the GeV cascade emission requires accounting for inverse Compton cooling and simulating the beam-plasma system at different points in the IGM.
Das Rechtslexikon
(2024)
Kompetenz im handlichen Format in über 1.400 Stichwörtern, 26 Tabellen und Schaubildern zu allen wichtigen Rechtsgebieten: Zivilrecht (z. B. Familien- und Erbrecht, Versicherungsrecht), Arbeitsrecht, Öffentliches Recht (z. B. Baurecht, Staats- und Verfassungsrecht, Umweltrecht, Verwaltungsrecht), Sozialrecht (z. B. Arbeitslosen- und Rentenversicherung), Strafrecht (einschließlich Jugendstrafrecht und Ordnungswidrigkeiten) sowie ihren europa- und völkerrechtlichen Bezügen.
Das Rechtslexikon ist in seiner 2. Auflage ergänzt worden um zahlreiche neue und aktuelle Begriffe wie Impfpflicht, Quarantäne, Radwegbenutzung, Schutzpflicht, Crowdworking, Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten, Datenschutzgrundverordnung, Mediation, Smart Contract u.v.a.m. Das Lexikon erklärt außerdem Normen und Grundsätze des deutschen und europäischen Rechts, knapp, zuverlässig und verständlich. Grundlegende Fragen und Zusammenhänge werden in besonderen Überblicksartikeln erläutert. Querverweise machen auf verwandte Themen im Lexikon aufmerksam.
Ein Lexikon für juristisch interessierte Laien, Studierende sowie Schülerinnen und Schüler.
Classification, prediction and evaluation of graph neural networks on online social media platforms
(2024)
The vast amount of data generated on social media platforms have made them a valuable source of information for businesses, governments and researchers. Social media data can provide insights into user behavior, preferences, and opinions. In this work, we address two important challenges in social media analytics. Predicting user engagement with online content has become a critical task for content creators to increase user engagement and reach larger audiences. Traditional user engagement prediction approaches rely solely on features derived from the user and content. However, a new class of deep learning methods based on graphs captures not only the content features but also the graph structure of social media networks.
This thesis proposes a novel Graph Neural Network (GNN) approach to predict user interaction with tweets. The proposed approach combines the features of users, tweets and their engagement graphs. The tweet text features are extracted using pre-trained embeddings from language models, and a GNN layer is used to embed the user in a vector space. The GNN model then combines the features and graph structure to predict user engagement. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy value of 94.22% in classifying user interactions, including likes, retweets, replies, and quotes.
Another major challenge in social media analysis is detecting and classifying social bot accounts. Social bots are automated accounts used to manipulate public opinion by spreading misinformation or generating fake interactions. Detecting social bots is critical to prevent their negative impact on public opinion and trust in social media. In this thesis, we classify social bots on Twitter by applying Graph Neural Networks. The proposed approach uses a combination of both the features of a node and an aggregation of the features of a node’s neighborhood to classify social bot accounts. Our final results indicate a 6% improvement in the area under the curve score in the final predictions through the utilization of GNN.
Overall, our work highlights the importance of social media data and the potential of new methods such as GNNs to predict user engagement and detect social bots. These methods have important implications for improving the quality and reliability of information on social media platforms and mitigating the negative impact of social bots on public opinion and discourse.
The present paper proposes a novel approach for equilibrium selection in the infinitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma where players can communicate before choosing their strategies. This approach yields a critical discount factor that makes different predictions for cooperation than the usually considered sub-game perfect or risk dominance critical discount factors. In laboratory experiments, we find that our factor is useful for predicting cooperation. For payoff changes where the usually considered factors and our factor make different predictions, the observed cooperation is consistent with the predictions based on our factor.
While the economic harm of cartels is caused by their price-increasing effect, sanctioning by courts rather targets at the underlying process of firms reaching a price-fixing agreement. This paper provides experimental evidence on the question whether such sanctioning meets the economic target, i.e., whether evidence of a collusive meeting of the firms and of the content of their communication reliably predicts subsequent prices. We find that already the mere mutual agreement to meet predicts a strong increase in prices. Conversely, express distancing from communication completely nullifies its otherwise price-increasing effect. Using machine learning, we show that communication only increases prices if it is very explicit about how the cartel plans to behave.
The Central Andean region is characterized by diverse climate zones with sharp transitions between them. In this work, the area of interest is the South-Central Andes in northwestern Argentina that borders with Bolivia and Chile. The focus is the observation of soil moisture and water vapour with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote-sensing methodologies. Because of the rapid temporal and spatial variations of water vapour and moisture circulations, monitoring this part of the hydrological cycle is crucial for understanding the mechanisms that control the local climate. Moreover, GNSS-based techniques have previously shown high potential and are appropriate for further investigation. This study includes both logistic-organization effort and data analysis. As for the prior, three GNSS ground stations were installed in remote locations in northwestern Argentina to acquire observations, where there was no availability of third-party data.
The methodological development for the observation of the climate variables of soil moisture and water vapour is independent and relies on different approaches. The soil-moisture estimation with GNSS reflectometry is an approximation that has demonstrated promising results, but it has yet to be operationally employed. Thus, a more advanced algorithm that exploits more observations from multiple satellite constellations was developed using data from two pilot stations in Germany. Additionally, this algorithm was slightly modified and used in a sea-level measurement campaign. Although the objective of this application is not related to monitoring hydrological parameters, its methodology is based on the same principles and helps to evaluate the core algorithm. On the other hand, water-vapour monitoring with GNSS observations is a well-established technique that is utilized operationally. Hence, the scope of this study is conducting a meteorological analysis by examining the along-the-zenith air-moisture levels and introducing indices related to the azimuthal gradient.
The results of the experiments indicate higher-quality soil moisture observations with the new algorithm. Furthermore, the analysis using the stations in northwestern Argentina illustrates the limits of this technology because of varying soil conditions and shows future research directions. The water-vapour analysis points out the strong influence of the topography on atmospheric moisture circulation and rainfall generation. Moreover, the GNSS time series allows for the identification of seasonal signatures, and the azimuthal-gradient indices permit the detection of main circulation pathways.
I need to move it, move It!
(2024)
Purpose
Student interest and learning success is an important component of teaching learning research. However, while the impact of emotions and psychological needs on students' achievements has been a focus of research, the impact of their physiological needs has been under studied. In this explorative study, I examine what impact the physiological and psychological needs of student teachers have on their feelings, motivation, and interest in different learning settings.
Approach
The research method used was the daily reconstruction method and included the Felix-App, a new digital research and feedback tool that allows the measurement of feelings, needs, motivation, and interest in real time.
Findings
The results suggest the importance of physiological needs for perceived emotions, motivation, and interest in the learning subject. The psychological needs, on the other hand, are of less importance.
Originality
The Felix-App is an innovative tool to learn more about learners' emotions and needs in real learning settings. The importance of physiological needs has been known since Maslow, but should be considered much more in the context of teaching and learning research in the future. There is a need for further research on the importance of physical aspects in learning.
The Arctic is the hot spot of the ongoing, global climate change. Over the last decades, near-surface temperatures in the Arctic have been rising almost four times faster than on global average. This amplified warming of the Arctic and the associated rapid changes of its environment are largely influenced by interactions between individual components of the Arctic climate system. On daily to weekly time scales, storms can have major impacts on the Arctic sea-ice cover and are thus an important part of these interactions within the Arctic climate. The sea-ice impacts of storms are related to high wind speeds, which enhance the drift and deformation of sea ice, as well as to changes in the surface energy budget in association with air mass advection, which impact the seasonal sea-ice growth and melt.
The occurrence of storms in the Arctic is typically associated with the passage of transient cyclones. Even though the above described mechanisms how storms/cyclones impact the Arctic sea ice are in principal known, there is a lack of statistical quantification of these effects. In accordance with that, the overarching objective of this thesis is to statistically quantify cyclone impacts on sea-ice concentration (SIC) in the Atlantic Arctic Ocean over the last four decades. In order to further advance the understanding of the related mechanisms, an additional objective is to separate dynamic and thermodynamic cyclone impacts on sea ice and assess their relative importance. Finally, this thesis aims to quantify recent changes in cyclone impacts on SIC. These research objectives are tackled utilizing various data sets, including atmospheric and oceanic reanalysis data as well as a coupled model simulation and a cyclone tracking algorithm.
Results from this thesis demonstrate that cyclones are significantly impacting SIC in the Atlantic Arctic Ocean from autumn to spring, while there are mostly no significant impacts in summer. The strength and the sign (SIC decreasing or SIC increasing) of the cyclone impacts strongly depends on the considered daily time scale and the region of the Atlantic Arctic Ocean. Specifically, an initial decrease in SIC (day -3 to day 0 relative to the cyclone) is found in the Greenland, Barents and Kara Seas, while SIC increases following cyclones (day 0 to day 5 relative to the cyclone) are mostly limited to the Barents and Kara Seas.
For the cold season, this results in a pronounced regional difference between overall (day -3 to day 5 relative to the cyclone) SIC-decreasing cyclone impacts in the Greenland Sea and overall SIC-increasing cyclone impacts in the Barents and Kara Seas. A cyclone case study based on a coupled model simulation indicates that both dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms contribute to cyclone impacts on sea ice in winter. A typical pattern consisting of an initial dominance of dynamic sea-ice changes followed by enhanced thermodynamic ice growth after the cyclone passage was found. This enhanced ice growth after the cyclone passage most likely also explains the (statistical) overall SIC-increasing effects of cyclones in the Barents and Kara Seas in the cold season.
Significant changes in cyclone impacts on SIC over the last four decades have emerged throughout the year. These recent changes are strongly varying from region to region and month to month. The strongest trends in cyclone impacts on SIC are found in autumn in the Barents and Kara Seas. Here, the magnitude of destructive cyclone impacts on SIC has approximately doubled over the last four decades. The SIC-increasing effects following the cyclone passage have particularly weakened in the Barents Sea in autumn. As a consequence, previously existing overall SIC-increasing cyclone impacts in this region in autumn have recently disappeared. Generally, results from this thesis show that changes in the state of the sea-ice cover (decrease in mean sea-ice concentration and thickness) and near-surface air temperature are most important for changed cyclone impacts on SIC, while changes in cyclone properties (i.e. intensity) do not play a significant role.
Lust auf Verzicht
(2024)
Der globale Klimawandel nimmt weiter bedrohlich zu. Hitzewellen, Flutkatastrophen und Waldbrände gehören fast schon zum Alltag. Trotzdem ist die Bereitschaft in der deutschen Bevölkerung gering, selbst einen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz zu leisten. Das überrascht, denn in Umfragen bekennt sich immer eine große Mehrheit zum Klimaschutz. Allerdings haben wohl viele einen Klimaschutz im Kopf, der persönlich nichts kosten und nichts verändern darf.
Ingo Balderjahn setzt sich mit diesem Widerspruch aus verhaltenswissenschaftlicher Sicht auseinander und legt offen, warum viele weiterhin ungebremst verschwenderisch und klimaschädlich konsumieren. Andererseits gibt es durchaus Menschen, die deutlich weniger konsumieren, als sie sich finanziell leisten könnten. Diese Minderheit in Deutschland verzichtet freiwillig auf eher unnötige und kurzlebige Güter - ohne irgendetwas dabei zu entbehren. Im Gegenteil: Genügsame Konsumgewohnheiten stärken die persönliche Selbstbestimmung, Unabhängigkeit und Zufriedenheit.
Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass die aktuelle Digitalisierungsforschung die Ambivalenz der Digitalisierung zwar erkennt, aber nicht zum Gegenstand ihrer Analysen macht, fokussiert die vorliegende kumulative Dissertation auf die ambivalente Dichotomie aus Potenzialen und Problemen, die mit digitalen Transformationen von Organisationen einhergeht. Entlang von sechs Publikationen wird mit einem systemtheoretischen Blick auf Organisationen die spannungsvolle Dichotomie hinsichtlich dreier ambivalenter Verhältnisse aufgezeigt: Erstens wird in Bezug auf das Verhältnis von Digitalisierung und Postbürokratie deutlich, dass digitale Transformationen das Potenzial aufweisen, postbürokratische Arbeitsweisen zu erleichtern. Parallel ergibt sich das Problem, dass auf Konsens basierende postbürokratische Strukturen Digitalisierungsinitiativen erschweren, da diese auf eine Vielzahl von Entscheidungen angewiesen sind. Zweitens zeigt sich mit Blick auf das ambivalente Verhältnis von Digitalisierung und Vernetzung, dass einerseits organisationsweite Kooperation ermöglicht wird, während sich andererseits die Gefahr digitaler Widerspruchskommunikation auftut. Beim dritten Verhältnis zwischen Digitalisierung und Gender deutet sich das mit neuen digitalen Technologien einhergehende Potenzial für Gender Inklusion an, während zugleich das Problem einprogrammierter Gender Biases auftritt, die Diskriminierungen oftmals verschärfen. Durch die Gegenüberstellung der Potenziale und Probleme wird nicht nur die Ambivalenz organisationaler Digitalisierung analysierbar und verständlich, es stellt sich auch heraus, dass mit digitalen Transformationen einen doppelte Formalisierung einhergeht: Organisationen werden nicht nur mit den für Reformen üblichen Anpassungen der formalen Strukturen konfrontiert, sondern müssen zusätzlich formale Entscheidungen zu Technikeinführung und -beibehaltung treffen sowie formale Lösungen etablieren, um auf unvorhergesehene Potenziale und Probleme reagieren. Das Ziel der Dissertation ist es, eine analytisch generalisierte Heuristik an die Hand zu geben, mit deren Hilfe die Errungenschaften und Chancen digitaler Transformationen identifiziert werden können, während sich parallel ihr Verhältnis zu den gleichzeitig entstehenden Herausforderungen und Folgeproblemen erklären lässt.
Digital Fashion
(2024)
Das virtuelle Kleid als mediale und soziokulturelle Alltagserscheinung der Gegenwart bildet den Gegenstand der vorliegenden interdisziplinären Unter-suchung. An der Schnittstelle zwischen Menschen, Medien und Mode ist das virtuelle Kleid an unrealen Orten und in synthetischen Situationen ausschließlich auf einem Screen erfahrbar. In diesem Dispositiv lassen sich Körperkonzepte, Darstellungskonventionen, soziale Handlungsmuster und Kommunikations-strategien ausmachen, die zwar auf einer radikalen Ablösung vom textilen Material beruhen, aber dennoch nicht ohne sehr konkrete Verweise auf das textile Material auskommen. Dies führt zu neuen Ansätzen der Auseinandersetzung mit Kleidern, die nun als Visualisierung gebündelter Datenpakete zu betrachten sind. Die dynamische Entwicklung neuer Erscheinungsformen und deren nahtlose Einbindung in traditionelle Geschäftsmodelle und bestehende Modekonzepte macht eine Positionsbestimmung notwendig, insbesondere im Hinblick auf gegenwärtige Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurse um immaterielle Produkte. Für diese Studie liefern die hinter den Bildern liegenden Prozesse der ökonomischen Ausrichtung, der Herstellung, der Verwendung und der Rezeption den methodologischen Zugang für die Analyse. Mithilfe eines typologisierenden Instrumentariums wird aus der Vielzahl und Vielfalt der Darstellungen ein Set an forschungsleitenden Beispielen zusammengestellt, welche dann in einer mehrstufigen Kontextanalyse zu einer begrifflichen Fassung des virtuellen Kleides sowie zu fünf Kontexteinheiten führen. Am Beispiel des virtuellen Kleides zeichnet diese Untersuchung den technischen, gesellschaftlichen und sozialen Wandel nach und arbeitet seine Bedeutung für zukünftige Modeentwicklungen heraus. Damit leistet die Untersuchung einen Beitrag zur medien- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Modeforschung der Gegenwart.
Obwohl Handelsplattformen zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen, besteht im deutschsprachigen Raum ein Mangel an umfassenden Marktübersichten. Dadurch fehlt es Verkäufern, potenziellen Plattformbetreibern und Kunden an einer soliden Grundlage für fundierte Entscheidungen. Das ändern wir mit folgendem Beitrag. Erfahren Sie hier das Wichtigste über den rasant wachsenden Markt der Handelsplattformen.
While Information Systems Research exists at the individual and workgroup levels, research on IS at the enterprise level is less common. The potential synergies between the study of enterprise systems (ES) and related fields have been underexplored and often treated as separate entities. The ongoing challenge is to seamlessly integrate technological advances and align business processes across organizations. While systems integration within an organization is common, changes occur when industry and ecosystem perspectives come into play. The four selected papers address different facets of the future role of enterprise ecosystems, including implementation challenges, ecosystem boundaries, and B2B platform specifics.
Efficiently managing large state is a key challenge for data management systems. Traditionally, state is split into fast but volatile state in memory for processing and persistent but slow state on secondary storage for durability. Persistent memory (PMem), as a new technology in the storage hierarchy, blurs the lines between these states by offering both byte-addressability and low latency like DRAM as well persistence like secondary storage. These characteristics have the potential to cause a major performance shift in database systems.
Driven by the potential impact that PMem has on data management systems, in this thesis we explore their use of PMem. We first evaluate the performance of real PMem hardware in the form of Intel Optane in a wide range of setups. To this end, we propose PerMA-Bench, a configurable benchmark framework that allows users to evaluate the performance of customizable database-related PMem access. Based on experimental results obtained with PerMA-Bench, we discuss findings and identify general and implementation-specific aspects that influence PMem performance and should be considered in future work to improve PMem-aware designs. We then propose Viper, a hybrid PMem-DRAM key-value store. Based on PMem-aware access patterns, we show how to leverage PMem and DRAM efficiently to design a key database component. Our evaluation shows that Viper outperforms existing key-value stores by 4–18x for inserts while offering full data persistence and achieving similar or better lookup performance. Next, we show which changes must be made to integrate PMem components into larger systems. By the example of stream processing engines, we highlight limitations of current designs and propose a prototype engine that overcomes these limitations. This allows our prototype to fully leverage PMem's performance for its internal state management. Finally, in light of Optane's discontinuation, we discuss how insights from PMem research can be transferred to future multi-tier memory setups by the example of Compute Express Link (CXL).
Overall, we show that PMem offers high performance for state management, bridging the gap between fast but volatile DRAM and persistent but slow secondary storage. Although Optane was discontinued, new memory technologies are continuously emerging in various forms and we outline how novel designs for them can build on insights from existing PMem research.
In der DDR sollte die Rechtsprechung den Zielen der Politik und dem Aufbau sowie der Sicherung des Sozialismus dienen. Zur Verwirklichung dieser Ziele unternahm das SED-Regime insbesondere den Versuch, auf die Ausbildung des juristischen Nachwuchses Einfluss zu nehmen. Die Arbeit untersucht anhand der im Bundesarchiv verwahrten Originalquellen die Anforderungen, die an das juristische Studium in der DDR gestellt wurden, und die Umstände, unter denen die juristische Ausbildung erfolgte. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Auswahl, Aus- und Weiterbildung der Staatsanwälte beleuchtet die Arbeit die sog. »Kaderarbeit« der DDR-Justiz sowie die wesentlichen Zulassungs-, Prüfungs-, Studien- und Weiterbildungsbedingungen. Die Auswertung des überlieferten Archivmaterials führt zu der Erkenntnis, dass die Aus- und Weiterbildung der DDR-Juristen zur Sicherstellung der Ziele der sozialistischen Partei durch eine planmäßige und systematische politisch-ideologische Erziehung und Kontrolle bestimmt war.
It is a common finding that preschoolers have difficulties in identifying who is doing what to whom in non-canonical sentences, such as (object-verb-subject) OVS and passive sentences in German. This dissertation investigates how German monolingual and German-Italian simultaneous bilingual children process German OVS sentences in Study 1 and German passives in Study 2. Offline data (i.e., accuracy data) and online data (i.e., eye-gaze and pupillometry data) were analyzed to explore whether children can assign thematic roles during sentence comprehension and processing. Executive functions, language-internal and -external factors were investigated as potential predictors for children’s sentence comprehension and processing.
Throughout the literature, there are contradicting findings on the relation between language and executive functions. While some results show a bilingual cognitive advantage over monolingual speakers, others suggest there is no relationship between bilingualism and executive functions. If bilingual children possess more advanced executive function abilities than monolingual children, then this might also be reflected in a better performance on linguistic tasks. In the current studies monolingual and bilingual children were tested by means of two executive function tasks: the Flanker task and the task-switching paradigm. However, these findings showed no bilingual cognitive advantages and no better performance by bilingual children in the linguistic tasks. The performance was rather comparable between bilingual and monolingual children, or even better for the monolingual group. This may be due to cross-linguistic influences and language experience (i.e., language input and output). Italian was used because it does not syntactically overlap with the structure of German OVS sentences, and it only overlapped with one of the two types of sentence condition used for the passive study - considering the subject-(finite)verb alignment. The findings showed a better performance of bilingual children in the passive sentence structure that syntactically overlapped in the two languages, providing evidence for cross-linguistic influences.
Further factors for children’s sentence comprehension were considered. The parents’ education, the number of older siblings and language experience variables were derived from a language background questionnaire completed by parents. Scores of receptive vocabulary and grammar, visual and short-term memory and reasoning ability were measured by means of standardized tests. It was shown that higher German language experience by bilinguals correlates with better accuracy in German OVS sentences but not in passive sentences. Memory capacity had a positive effect on the comprehension of OVS and passive sentences in the bilingual group. Additionally, a role was played by executive function abilities in the comprehension of OVS sentences and not of passive sentences. It is suggested that executive function abilities might help children in the sentence comprehension task when the linguistic structures are not yet fully mastered.
Altogether, these findings show that bilinguals’ poorer performance in the comprehension and processing of German OVS is mainly due to reduced language experience in German, and that the different performance of bilingual children with the two types of passives is mainly due to cross-linguistic influences.
We study the effect of energy and transport policies on pollution in two developing country cities. We use a quantitative equilibrium model with choice of housing, energy use, residential location, transport mode, and energy technology. Pollution comes from commuting and residential energy use. The model parameters are calibrated to replicate key variables for two developing country cities, Maputo, Mozambique, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In the counterfactual simulations, we study how various transport and energy policies affect equilibrium pollution. Policies may be induce rebound effects from increasing residential energy use or switching to high emission modes or locations. In general, these rebound effects tend to be largest for subsidies to public transport or modern residential energy technology.
Invisible iterations: how formal and informal organization shape knowledge networks for coordination
(2024)
This study takes a network approach to investigate coordination among knowledge workers as grounded in both formal and informal organization. We first derive hypotheses regarding patterns of knowledge-sharing relationships by which workers pass on and exchange tacit and codified knowledge within and across organizational hierarchies to address the challenges that underpin contemporary knowledge work. We use survey data and apply exponential random graph models to test our hypotheses. We then extend the quantitative network analysis with insights from qualitative interviews and demonstrate that the identified knowledge-sharing patterns are the micro-foundational traces of collective coordination resulting from two underlying coordination mechanisms which we label ‘invisible iterations’ and ‘bringing in the big guns’. These mechanisms and, by extension, the associated knowledge-sharing patterns enable knowledge workers to perform in a setting that is characterized by complexity, uncertainty and ambiguity. Our research contributes to theory on the interplay between formal and informal organization for coordination by showing how self-directed, informal action is supported by the formal organizational hierarchy. In doing so, it also extends understanding of the role that hierarchy plays for knowledge-intensive work. Finally, it establishes the collective need to coordinate work as a previously overlooked driver of knowledge network relationships and network patterns. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of Management Studies published by Society for the Advancement of Management Studies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Die Beschaffung von Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation wurde durch den neuen § 15 SGB VI zum 1. Juli 2023 grundlegend reformiert. Seither gilt ein mehrstufiges System aus Zulassung der Rehabilitationskliniken, Belegungsvertrag, Belegungsentscheidung und Vergütung. Sämtliche Beschaffungsstufen werden von der DRV Bund durch verbindliche Entscheidungen gesteuert.
Dieses neue Beschaffungssystem verstößt gegen das Wettbewerbsrecht der Europäischen Union und ist deshalb unwirksam. Das Unionsrecht (Art. 106 Abs. 1 AEUV), aber auch das nationale Kartellrecht (§ 19 Abs. 2 Nr. 1 GWB) und das Verfassungsrecht (Art. 12 Abs. 1 GG) verlangen eine Trennung von hoheitlichen Befugnissen und unternehmerischen Funktionen der Rentenversicherungsträger. Anderenfalls ist die gebotene Gleichbehandlung (Nichtdiskriminierung) der Rehabilitationskliniken freigemeinnütziger und privater Träger mit den Rehabilitationskliniken der Rentenversicherungsträger bei der Erbringung von Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation nicht gewährleistet.
Dieses Trennungsprinzip ist verletzt. Denn die Rentenversicherungsträger nehmen hoheitliche Zulassungs-, Belegungs- und Vergütungsaufgaben wahr und sind gleichzeitig unternehmerisch mit eigenen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen auf dem Markt der Erbringung von Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation tätig. Freigemeinnützige und private Rehabilitationskliniken werden auf allen Stufen der Beschaffung gegenüber den Kliniken der Rentenversicherungsträger diskriminiert. Das gilt insbesondere für die Belegungsentscheidungen der Rentenversicherungsträger, weil hierdurch systematisch eigene Kliniken gegenüber freigemeinnützigen und privaten Kliniken begünstigt werden.
Leadership plays an important role for the efficient and fair solution of social dilemmas but the effectiveness of a leader can vary substantially. Two main factors of leadership impact are the ability to induce high contributions by all group members and the (expected) fair use of power. Participants in our experiment decide about contributions to a public good. After all contributions are made, the leader can choose how much of the joint earnings to assign to herself; the remainder is distributed equally among the followers. Using machine learning techniques, we study whether the content of initial open statements by the group members predicts their behavior as a leader and whether groups are able to identify such clues and endogenously appoint a “good” leader to solve the dilemma. We find that leaders who promise fairness are more likely to behave fairly, and that followers appoint as leaders those who write more explicitly about fairness and efficiency. However, in their contribution decision, followers focus on the leader’s first-move contribution and place less importance on the content of the leader’s statements.
In this paper, we study one channel through which communication may facilitate cooperative behavior – belief precision. In a prisoner’s dilemma experiment, we show that communication not only makes individuals more optimistic that their partner will cooperate but also increases the precision of this belief, thereby reducing strategic uncertainty. To disentangle the shift in mean beliefs from the increase in precision, we elicit beliefs and precision in a two-stage procedure and in three situations: without communication, before communication, and after communication. We find that the precision of beliefs increases during communication.
Die 2016 verabschiedeten Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) der Vereinten Nationen sind Referenzrahmen von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien auf Bundes- Landes- und kommunaler Ebene geworden. Städte rückten im Zuge der Agenda 2030 in den Mittelpunkt. Ihre Verwaltungen befinden sich dabei in einem herausfordernden Spannungsfeld: Einerseits haben die SDGs den holistischen Anspruch, vollständig in das Handeln der Kommunen integriert zu werden. Andererseits ist für eine effektive Umsetzung eine starke Anpassung der SDGs an den lokalen Kontext notwendig. Die vorliegende Arbeit betrachtet anhand einer Fallstudie die Frage, wie Kommunen die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen in ihre Handlungsprogramme und Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien übersetzen, und welche Faktoren Einfluss auf diesen Prozess haben. Dabei wird ein translationstheoretischer Ansatz verwendet, der die Übertragung einer Idee in einen lokalen Kontext als aktiven Transfer versteht, bei dem das Handeln der beteiligten Akteure und deren Konstruktion der aufzunehmenden Idee im Fokus steht. Die Translation wird mit Hilfe von qualitativen Interviews nachvollzogen und analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die SDGs zwar anhand ihrer Relevanz für die Kommune gefiltert werden, der normative Anspruch der SDGs aber erhalten bleibt und angesichts des als gering beurteilten Fortschritts der Kommune besonderes Gewicht erhält. Zentrale Einflussfaktoren für die Translation sind die verfügbaren personellen und finanziellen Ressourcen, die Akzeptanz für die SDGs in Verwaltung, Politik und Gesellschaft und nicht zuletzt das persönliche Engagement einzelner Verwaltungsmitarbeiter*innen.
Navigating the unknown
(2024)
Visionary leadership is considered to be one of the most important elements of effective leadership. Among other things, it is related to followers' perceived meaningfulness of their work. However, little is known about whether uncertainty in the workplace affects visionary leadership's effects. Given that uncertainty is rising in many, if not most, workplaces, it is vital to understand whether this development influences the extent to which visionary leadership is associated with followers' perceived meaningfulness. In a two-source, lagged design field study of 258 leader-follower dyads from different settings, we show that uncertainty moderates the relation between visionary leadership and followers' perceived meaningfulness such that this relation is more strongly positive when uncertainty is high, rather than low. Moreover, we show that with increasing uncertainty, visionary leadership is more negatively related to followers' turnover intentions via perceived meaningfulness. This research broadens our understanding of how visionary leadership may be a particularly potent tool in times of increasing uncertainty.
We conduct a laboratory experiment to study how locus of control operates through people’s preferences and beliefs to influence their decisions. Using the principal–agent setting of the delegation game, we test four key channels that conceptually link locus of control to decision-making: (i) preference for agency, (ii) optimism and (iii) confidence regarding the return to effort, and (iv) illusion of control. Knowing the return and cost of stated effort, principals either retain or delegate the right to make an investment decision that generates payoffs for themselves and their agents. Extending the game to the context in which the return to stated effort is unknown allows us to explicitly study the relationship between locus of control and beliefs about the return to effort. We find that internal locus of control is linked to the preference for agency, an effect that is driven by women. We find no evidence that locus of control influences optimism and confidence about the return to stated effort, or that it operates through an illusion of control.
It has been highlighted many times how difficult it is to draw a boundary between gift and bribe, and how the same transfer can be interpreted in different ways according to the position of the observer and the narrative frame into which it is inserted. This also applied of course to Ancient Rome; in both the Republic and Principate lawgivers tried to define the limits of acceptable transfers and thus also to identify what we might call ‘corruption’. Yet, such definitions remained to a large extent blurred, and what was constructed was mostly a ‘code of conduct’, allowing Roman politicians to perform their own ‘honesty’ in public duty – while being aware at all times that their involvement in different kinds of transfer might be used by their opponents against them and presented as a case of ‘corrupt’ behaviour.
El artículo analiza la corrupción como un fenómeno complejo y con frecuencia ambiguo, relacionado con comportamientos y mentalidades individuales y colectivas, que son percibidos como ilegítimos o inmorales y, por lo tanto, desviados de normas establecidas. Más allá de un acercamiento reduccionista u objetivista a lugares comunes de la corrupción política, o a delitos tipificados por la ley, esta contribución pretende destacar la relevancia del análisis histórico del discurso en el estudio del tema. Este enfoque nos permite reconstruir contextos en los que se identifica la corrupción, así como analizar relatos, no siempre unánimes, sobre estas prácticas. El trabajo se adentra en una época lejana, pero a la vez cercana a nuestro tiempo, el último siglo la República romana. La evidencia nos permite evaluar críticamente aspectos fundamentales de la construcción retórica de la corrupción y de sus zonas grises, como la distinción, a menudo borrosa, entre regalo y soborno.
The African weakly electric fishes (Mormyridae) exhibit a remarkable adaptive radiation possibly due to their species-specific electric organ discharges (EODs). It is produced by a muscle-derived electric organ that is located in the caudal peduncle. Divergence in EODs acts as a pre-zygotic isolation mechanism to drive species radiations. However, the mechanism behind the EOD diversification are only partially understood.
The aim of this study is to explore the genetic basis of EOD diversification from the gene expression level across Campylomormyrus species/hybrids and ontogeny. I firstly produced a high quality genome of the species C. compressirostris as a valuable resource to understand the electric fish evolution.
The next study compared the gene expression pattern between electric organs and skeletal muscles in Campylomormyrus species/hybrids with different types of EOD duration. I identified several candidate genes with an electric organ-specific expression, e.g. KCNA7a, KLF5, KCNJ2, SCN4aa, NDRG3, MEF2. The overall genes expression pattern exhibited a significant association with EOD duration in all analyzed species/hybrids. The expression of several candidate genes, e.g. KCNJ2, KLF5, KCNK6 and KCNQ5, possibly contribute to the regulation of EOD duration in Campylomormyrus due to their increasing or decreasing expression. Several potassium channel genes showed differential expression during ontogeny in species and hybrid with EOD alteration, e.g. KCNJ2.
I next explored allele specific expression of intragenus hybrids by crossing the duration EOD species C. compressirostris with the medium duration EOD species C. tshokwe and the elongated duration EOD species C. rhynchophorus. The hybrids exhibited global expression dominance of the C. compressirostris allele in the adult skeletal muscle and electric organ, as well as in the juvenile electric organ. Only the gene KCNJ2 showed dominant expression of the allele from C. rhynchophorus, and this was increasingly dominant during ontogeny. It hence supported our hypothesis that KCNJ2 is a key gene of regulating EOD duration. Our results help us to understand, from a genetic perspective, how gene expression effect the EOD diversification in the African weakly electric fish.
Comparative vote switching
(2024)
Large literatures focus on voter reactions to parties’ policy strategies, agency, or legislative performance. While many inquiries make explicit assumptions about the direction and magnitude of voter flows between parties, comparative empirical analyses of vote switching remain rare. In this article, we overcome three challenges that have previously impeded the comparative study of dynamic party competition based on voter flows: we present a novel conceptual framework for studying voter retention, defection, and attraction in multiparty systems, showcase a newly compiled data infrastructure that marries comparative vote switching data with information on party behavior and party systems in over 250 electoral contexts, and introduce a statistical model that renders our conceptual framework operable. These innovations enable first-time inquiries into the polyadic vote switching patterns underlying multiparty competition and unlock major research potentials on party competition and party system change.
In the aftermath of the Shoah and the ostensible triumph of nationalism, it became common in historiography to relegate Jews to the position of the “eternal other” in a series of binaries: Christian/Jewish, Gentile/Jewish, European/Jewish, non-Jewish/Jewish, and so forth. For the longest time, these binaries remained characteristic of Jewish historiography, including in the Central European context. Assuming instead, as the more recent approaches in Habsburg studies do, that pluriculturalism was the basis of common experience in formerly Habsburg Central Europe, and accepting that no single “majority culture” existed, but rather hegemonies were imposed in certain contexts, then the often used binaries are misleading and conceal the complex and sometimes even paradoxical conditions that shaped Jewish life in the region before the Shoah.
The very complexity of Habsburg Central Europe both in synchronic and diachronic perspective precludes any singular historical narrative of “Habsburg Jewry,” and it is not the intention of this volume to offer an overview of “Habsburg Jewish history.” The selected articles in this volume illustrate instead how important it is to reevaluate categories, deconstruct historical narratives, and reconceptualize implemented approaches in specific geographic, temporal, and cultural contexts in order to gain a better understanding of the complex and pluricultural history of the Habsburg Empire and the region as a whole.
The contribution explores how an understanding of neoliberal subjectification in socio-economic education can serve to counteract the trend marketisation of democracy. Drawing on Foucault’s lectures on biopolitics and Brown’s current analysis of neoliberalism, it lays out a sociological explanation that treats the idea of homo economicus as a structuring element of our society and outlines the threat this poses to the liberal democratic order. The second part of the contribution outlines – through immanent critique – an ideology-critical analytical competence that uses key problems to illuminate socially critical perspectives on social reality. The objective is to challenge some of the foundations of social order (Salomon, D. Kritische politische Bildung. Ein Versuch. In B. Widmaier & Overwien, B. (Hrsg.), Was heißt heute kritische politische Bildung? (S. 232–239). Wochenschau, 2013) in pursuit of the ultimate objective of an educated and assertive citizenry.
Gut zwei Jahrzehnte nach dem Millenniumsgipfel der Vereinten Nationen bleiben berechtigte Zweifel an der Wirksamkeit von Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (EZ). Ist das Politikfeld von den Realitäten überholt worden? Welchen Beitrag haben Entwicklungstheorien für die Weiterentwicklung von Entwicklungspolitik leisten können? Der Beitrag zieht eine Bilanz, die von der ersten Entwicklungsdekade in den 1960er-Jahren bis zu den Folgen der Covid-19-Pandemie reicht. Er plädiert für eine herrschaftskritische Weiterentwicklung des Entwicklungsbegriffs und für eine Stärkung globaler Kooperation.
Open edX is an incredible platform to deliver MOOCs and SPOCs, designed to be robust and support hundreds of thousands of students at the same time. Nevertheless, it lacks a lot of the fine-grained functionality needed to handle students individually in an on-campus course. This short session will present the ongoing project undertaken by the 6 public universities of the Region of Madrid plus the Universitat Politècnica de València, in the framework of a national initiative called UniDigital, funded by the Ministry of Universities of Spain within the Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia of the European Union. This project, led by three of these Spanish universities (UC3M, UPV, UAM), is investing more than half a million euros with the purpose of bringing the Open edX platform closer to the functionalities required for an LMS to support on-campus teaching. The aim of the project is to coordinate what is going to be developed with the Open edX development community, so these developments are incorporated into the core of the Open edX platform in its next releases. Features like a complete redesign of platform analytics to make them real-time, the creation of dashboards based on these analytics, the integration of a system for customized automatic feedback, improvement of exams and tasks and the extension of grading capabilities, improvements in the graphical interfaces for both students and teachers, the extension of the emailing capabilities, redesign of the file management system, integration of H5P content, the integration of a tool to create mind maps, the creation of a system to detect students at risk, or the integration of an advanced voice assistant and a gamification mobile app, among others, are part of the functionalities to be developed. The idea is to transform a first-class MOOC platform into the next on-campus LMS.
Die Arbeit „Die Bekämpfung transnationaler Kriminalität im Kontext fragiler Staatlichkeit“ widmet sich dem Phänomen grenzüberschreitend tätiger Akteure der organisierten Kriminalität die den Umstand ausnutzen, dass einige international anerkannte Regierungen nur eine unzureichende Kontrolle über Teile ihres Staatsgebietes ausüben. Es wird untersucht, weshalb der durch die internationale Staatengemeinschaft geschaffene Rechtsrahmen, zur Bekämpfung transnationaler Kriminalitätsphänomene im Kontext dieser fragilen Staaten, nicht oder nur defizitär dazu beiträgt die Kriminalitätsphänomene zu bekämpfen.
Nachdem zunächst erörtert wird, was im Rahmen der Untersuchung unter dem Begriff der transnationalen Kriminalität verstanden wird, wird der internationale Rechtsrahmen zur Bekämpfung anhand von fünf beispielhaft ausgewählten transnationalen Kriminalitätsphänomenen beschrieben. Im darauffolgenden Hauptteil der Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, weshalb dieser durch die internationale Staatengemeinschaft geschaffene Rechtsrahmen, gerade in fragilen Staaten, kaum einen Beitrag dazu leistet solchen Kriminalitätsphänomenen effektiv zu begegnen. Dabei wird festgestellt, dass die Genese des internationalen Rechtsrahmens zu einem Legitimitätsdefizit desselbigen führt. Auch die mangelhafte Berücksichtigung der speziellen Lebensrealitäten, die in vielen fragilen Staaten vorzufinden sind, wirkt sich negativ auf die Durchsetzbarkeit des internationalen Rechtsrahmens aus. Es wird dargelegt, dass unterschiedlich hohe menschenrechtliche Schutzstandards zu Normenkollisionen bei der internationalen Zusammenarbeit der Staaten führen, insbesondere im Rahmen der internationalen Rechtshilfe. Da gerade fragile Staaten häufig durch eine defizitäre menschenrechtliche Situation gekennzeichnet sind, stellt dies konsolidierte Staaten im Rahmen der Zusammenarbeit mit fragilen Staaten öfters vor Herausforderungen. Schließlich wird aufgezeigt, dass auch die extraterritoriale Jurisdiktion und somit die strafrechtliche Verfolgung transnationaler Straftaten durch Drittstaaten mit rechtlichen und praktischen Problemen einhergeht.
In einem letzten Kapitel der Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob nicht ein alternativer Strafverfolgungsmechanismus geschaffen werden sollte, um transnationale Kriminalitätsphänomene zu verfolgen, die aus fragilen Staaten heraus begangen werden und wie ein solch alternativer Strafverfolgungsmechanismus konkret ausgestaltet sein sollte.
The mobile-immobile model (MIM) has been established in geoscience in the context of contaminant transport in groundwater. Here the tracer particles effectively immobilise, e.g., due to diffusion into dead-end pores or sorption. The main idea of the MIM is to split the total particle density into a mobile and an immobile density. Individual tracers switch between the mobile and immobile state following a two-state telegraph process, i.e., the residence times in each state are distributed exponentially. In geoscience the focus lies on the breakthrough curve (BTC), which is the concentration at a fixed location over time. We apply the MIM to biological experiments with a special focus on anomalous scaling regimes of the mean squared displacement (MSD) and non-Gaussian displacement distributions. As an exemplary system, we have analysed the motion of tau proteins, that diffuse freely inside axons of neurons. Their free diffusion thereby corresponds to the mobile state of the MIM. Tau proteins stochastically bind to microtubules, which effectively immobilises the tau proteins until they unbind and continue diffusing. Long immobilisation durations compared to the mobile durations give rise to distinct non-Gaussian Laplace shaped distributions. It is accompanied by a plateau in the MSD for initially mobile tracer particles at relevant intermediate timescales. An equilibrium fraction of initially mobile tracers gives rise to non-Gaussian displacements at intermediate timescales, while the MSD remains linear at all times. In another setting bio molecules diffuse in a biosensor and transiently bind to specific receptors, where advection becomes relevant in the mobile state. The plateau in the MSD observed for the advection-free setting and long immobilisation durations persists also for the case with advection. We find a new clear regime of anomalous diffusion with non-Gaussian distributions and a cubic scaling of the MSD. This regime emerges for initially mobile and for initially immobile tracers. For an equilibrium fraction of initially mobile tracers we observe an intermittent ballistic scaling of the MSD. The long-time effective diffusion coefficient is enhanced by advection, which we physically explain with the variance of mobile durations. Finally, we generalize the MIM to incorporate arbitrary immobilisation time distributions and focus on a Mittag-Leffler immobilisation time distribution with power-law tail ~ t^(-1-mu) with 0<mu<1 and diverging mean immobilisation durations. A fit of our model to the BTC of experimental data from tracer particles in aquifers matches the BTC including the power-law tail. We use the fit parameters for plotting the displacement distributions and the MSD. We find Gaussian normal diffusion at short times and long-time power-law decay of mobile mass accompanied by anomalous diffusion at long times. The long-time diffusion is subdiffusive in the advection-free setting, while it is either subdiffusive for 0<mu<1/2 or superdiffusive for 1/2<mu<1 when advection is present. In the long-time limit we show equivalence of our model to a bi-fractional diffusion equation.
Spring Issue
(2024)
The reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in an abnormal increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases, contributing to the global climate crisis. In response, a rapid transition to renewable energy sources has begun, particularly lithium-ion batteries, playing a crucial role in the green energy transformation. However, concerns regarding the availability and geopolitical implications of lithium have prompted the exploration of alternative rechargeable battery systems, such as sodium-ion batteries. Sodium is significantly abundant and more homogeneously distributed in the crust and seawater, making it easier and less expensive to extract than lithium. However, because of the mysterious nature of its components, sodium-ion batteries are not yet sufficiently advanced to take the place of lithium-ion batteries. Specifically, sodium exhibits a more metallic character and a larger ionic radius, resulting in a different ion storage mechanism utilized in lithium-ion batteries. Innovations in synthetic methods, post-treatments, and interface engineering clearly demonstrate the significance of developing high-performance carbonaceous anode materials for sodium-ion batteries. The objective of this dissertation is to present a systematic approach for fabricating efficient, high-performance, and sustainable carbonaceous anode materials for sodium-ion batteries. This will involve a comprehensive investigation of different chemical environments and post-modification techniques as well.
This dissertation focuses on three main objectives. Firstly, it explores the significance of post-synthetic methods in designing interfaces. A conformal carbon nitride coating is deposited through chemical vapor deposition on a carbon electrode as an artificial solid-electrolyte interface layer, resulting in improved electrochemical performance. The interaction between the carbon nitride artificial interface and the carbon electrode enhances initial Coulombic efficiency, rate performance, and total capacity. Secondly, a novel process for preparing sulfur-rich carbon as a high-performing anode material for sodium-ion batteries is presented. The method involves using an oligo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene precursor for high sulfur content hard carbon anode to investigate the sulfur heteroatom effect on the electrochemical sodium storage mechanism. By optimizing the condensation temperature, a significant transformation in the materials’ nanostructure is achieved, leading to improved electrochemical performance. The use of in-operando small-angle X-ray scattering provides valuable insights into the interaction between micropores and sodium ions during the electrochemical processes. Lastly, the development of high-capacity hard carbon, derived from 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, is examined. This carbon material exhibits exceptional performance at both low and high current densities. Extensive electrochemical and physicochemical characterizations shed light on the sodium storage mechanism concerning the chemical environment, establishing the material’s stability and potential applications in sodium-ion batteries.
Vergangenheit ist vergangen, Geschichte wird gemacht. An diesem Konstruktionsprozess sind nicht nur die historischen Akteur:innen und deren Quellen, sondern in besonderem Maße auch die Historiker:innen, die sich mit diesen auseinandersetzen, beteiligt. Sie sind es, die die Quellen erst zum Sprudeln bringen. Was dabei zutage tritt, ist somit in hohem Maße von den Forschenden selbst, von ihren Vorannahmen und Methoden aber auch von ihren sozialen, kulturellen und biografischen Prägungen abhängig. Das hier vorgestellte Prozessmodell versucht, diese als Einflussfaktoren zu fassen und sichtbar zu machen, um auf dieser Basis eine erweiterte wissenschaftliche (Selbst-)Reflexion zu ermöglichen.
Access to digital finance
(2024)
Financing entrepreneurship spurs innovation and economic growth. Digital financial platforms that crowdfund equity for entrepreneurs have emerged globally, yet they remain poorly understood. We model equity crowdfunding in terms of the relationship between the number of investors and the amount of money raised per pitch. We examine heterogeneity in the average amount raised per pitch that is associated with differences across three countries and seven platforms. Using a novel dataset of successful fundraising on the most prominent platforms in the UK, Germany, and the USA, we find the underlying relationship between the number of investors and the amount of money raised for entrepreneurs is loglinear, with a coefficient less than one and concave to the origin. We identify significant variation in the average amount invested in each pitch across countries and platforms. Our findings have implications for market actors as well as regulators who set competitive frameworks.
-Ottmar Ette, Ingo Schwarz: „Ein junges, neues Geschlecht wird besseres liefern als das alte“. Ein Empfehlungsbrief Alexander von Humboldts für Carl Ludwig
-GAO Hong: Nachgedanken zur Übersetzung des ersten Bandes von Humboldts Kosmos
-Tobias Kraft: Neue Quellen zu Humboldts Kuba-Forschung. Das „Digitale Dossier“ des Proyecto Humboldt Digital (2019 – 2023)
-Vera Kutzinski: Off-Road Adventures: Reading Statistics in Alexander von Humboldt’s Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain
-Krzysztof Zielnica: Alexander von Humboldt und Polen – zum 150. Jahrestag seiner Reise nach Warschau. Mit einleitenden Worten von Ingo Schwarz