Refine
Year of publication
- 2012 (76) (remove)
Document Type
- Review (76) (remove)
Keywords
- species distribution model (2)
- "click" chemistry (1)
- Activation suppression model (1)
- Active tectonics (1)
- Acute renal failure (1)
- Adolescence (1)
- Biodiversity monitoring (1)
- Calliphora vicina (1)
- Cardiovascular effects (1)
- Childhood (1)
- Clock test (1)
- Community ecology (1)
- Comprehension (1)
- Controlled polymerization (1)
- Cosmic rays (1)
- DDP-4 inhibition (1)
- Delta plot (1)
- Development (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diabetic nephropathy (1)
- Early adolescence (1)
- Ecosystem engineer (1)
- Evolution (1)
- Excitonic interactions (1)
- Feedback biotic-abiotic (1)
- Functional effect (1)
- GLM (1)
- GLP-1 (1)
- Hypothesis generation (1)
- Insect epithelia (1)
- Ionic monomers (1)
- Kidney (1)
- Laser spectroscopy (1)
- Light-harvesting complex (LHC II) (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Myocardial infarction (1)
- Neotectonics (1)
- Oligochaeta (1)
- Particle acceleration (1)
- Phosphorylation (1)
- Polyelectrolytes (1)
- Population dynamics (1)
- RT models (1)
- Reactive oxygen species (1)
- Reverse microemulsions (1)
- Reversible assembly (1)
- River profiles (1)
- SDM (1)
- Shocks (1)
- Simon effect (1)
- Synthesis (1)
- Tectonic geomorphology (1)
- To learners in which of the following categories does your work apply (1)
- Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (1)
- antecedent wetness (1)
- aoa (1)
- aphasia (1)
- apraxia (1)
- biosensors (1)
- cAMP (1)
- circumstellar matter (1)
- climate change (1)
- cylindrospermopsin (1)
- cyr (1)
- deuterium (1)
- droplet-droplet interactions (1)
- dual-frequency phase-modulation (1)
- ecological forecasts (1)
- ecological networks (1)
- ecological niche modelling (1)
- ecological theory (1)
- endogenous sensor proteins (1)
- engagement (1)
- executive functions (1)
- film tuning (1)
- food quality (1)
- geographical range shifts (1)
- global change (1)
- global environmental change (1)
- grazing (1)
- guild assembly (1)
- lakes (1)
- light (1)
- line: identification (1)
- mcy (1)
- mechanistic model (1)
- mechanistic models (1)
- microcystin (1)
- microsensors (1)
- migration (1)
- multidimensional complexity (1)
- nanosensors (1)
- nested catchment (1)
- niche theory (1)
- oceans (1)
- organic geochemistry (1)
- overwintering (1)
- oxygen sensor (1)
- paleoclimate (1)
- paleoclimate proxy (1)
- parameterization (1)
- parasitism (1)
- pelagic zone (1)
- phosphorescence quenching (1)
- plant science (1)
- polymer-modification (1)
- prediction (1)
- process-based model (1)
- process-based statistics (1)
- runoff coefficient (1)
- seasonal patterns (1)
- soil moisture (1)
- species interactions (1)
- stars: emission-line, Be (1)
- stars: evolution (1)
- stars: individual: Hen 3-1383 (1)
- stars: massive (1)
- trait-based community modules (1)
- uncertainty (1)
- validation (1)
Institute
- Institut für Jüdische Studien und Religionswissenschaft (22)
- Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e. V. (17)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (9)
- MenschenRechtsZentrum (8)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (6)
- Institut für Chemie (4)
- Institut für Germanistik (4)
- Sozialwissenschaften (4)
- Historisches Institut (3)
- Philosophische Fakultät (3)
- Department Psychologie (2)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (2)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (2)
- Department Linguistik (1)
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (1)
- Institut für Romanistik (1)
- Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum für europäisch-jüdische Studien e. V. (1)
- Zentrum für Sprachen und Schlüsselkompetenzen (Zessko) (1)
The seasonal succession of plankton is an annually repeated process of community assembly during which all major external factors and internal interactions shaping communities can be studied. A quarter of a century ago, the state of this understanding was described by the verbal plankton ecology group (PEG) model. It emphasized the role of physical factors, grazing and nutrient limitation for phytoplankton, and the role of food limitation and fish predation for zooplankton. Although originally targeted at lake ecosystems, it was also adopted by marine plankton ecologists. Since then, a suite of ecological interactions previously underestimated in importance have become research foci: overwintering of key organisms, the microbial food web, parasitism, and food quality as a limiting factor and an extended role of higher order predators. A review of the impact of these novel interactions on plankton seasonal succession reveals limited effects on gross seasonal biomass patterns, but strong effects on species replacements.
rezensierte Werke: Chaim Vogt-Moykopf: Jüdisches Denken als universelles Konzept in der deutschsprachigen Literatur. - Frankfurt [u.a.] : Campus, 2009. - 280 S. ISBN 978-3-593-38910-3 Johannes Sabel: Die Geburt der Literatur aus der Aggada : Formationen eines deutsch-jüdischen Literaturparadigmas. - (Schriftenreihe wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen des Leo Baeck Instituts ; 74). - Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2010. - X, 296 S. ISBN 978-3-16-150209-5
Objective: How do patients with severe aphasia perform in the clock test? Methods:Ten patients with severe aphasia performed the clock test in two modes: copy a given clock (copy condition) and set a clock by drawing the clock hands, where a given digital display (11:10) should be transformed into an analogue display (time setting condition). Results: Not a single patient with severe aphasia was able to master any mode of the clock test. Both copy and time conditions were severely impaired by executive, conceptual, motoric visuospatial and apraxic disorders - impairments of language system were only one of numerous influencing factors. Conclusions and clinical relevance:The clock test measures and requires for its execution so many different cognitive, motoric and perceptual functions that it cannot adequately differentiate between patients with severe aphasia and other severe brain damage.
The size of plant organs, such as leaves and flowers, is determined by an interaction of genotype and environmental influences. Organ growth occurs through the two successive processes of cell proliferation followed by cell expansion. A number of genes influencing either or both of these processes and thus contributing to the control of final organ size have been identified in the last decade. Although the overall picture of the genetic regulation of organ size remains fragmentary, two transcription factor/microRNA-based genetic pathways are emerging in the control of cell proliferation. However, despite this progress, fundamental questions remain unanswered, such as the problem of how the size of a growing organ could be monitored to determine the appropriate time for terminating growth. While genetic analysis will undoubtedly continue to advance our knowledge about size control in plants, a deeper understanding of this and other basic questions will require including advanced live-imaging and mathematical modeling, as impressively demonstrated by some recent examples. This should ultimately allow the comparison of the mechanisms underlying size control in plants and in animals to extract common principles and lineage-specific solutions.
Within the field of species distribution modelling an apparent dichotomy exists between process-based and correlative approaches, where the processes are explicit in the former and implicit in the latter. However, these intuitive distinctions can become blurred when comparing species distribution modelling approaches in more detail. In this review article, we contrast the extremes of the correlativeprocess spectrum of species distribution models with respect to core assumptions, model building and selection strategies, validation, uncertainties, common errors and the questions they are most suited to answer. The extremes of such approaches differ clearly in many aspects, such as model building approaches, parameter estimation strategies and transferability. However, they also share strengths and weaknesses. We show that claims of one approach being intrinsically superior to the other are misguided and that they ignore the processcorrelation continuum as well as the domains of questions that each approach is addressing. Nonetheless, the application of process-based approaches to species distribution modelling lags far behind more correlative (process-implicit) methods and more research is required to explore their potential benefits. Critical issues for the employment of species distribution modelling approaches are given, together with a guideline for appropriate usage. We close with challenges for future development of process-explicit species distribution models and how they may complement current approaches to study species distributions.
Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae from various environments have been recognized as sources of a variety of bioactive metabolites. Strategies of strain isolation from aquatic habitats, and cultivation and harvesting for metabolite production are described. Strategies for screening of compounds are discussed, including their direct MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric detection in whole cells. Genetic approaches including genomic mining, mutagenesis including transcriptional activation, heterologous expression, and in vitro. reconstitution of pathways are presented.
rezensiertes Werk: Diana Matut: Dichtung und Musik im frühneuzeitlichen Aschkenas : Ms. opp. add. 4o 136 der Bodleian Library, Oxford (das so genannte Wallich-Manuskript) und Ms. hebr. oct. 219 der Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek, Frankfurt a. M. (2 Bände). - (Studies in Jewish History and Culture ; 29). Leiden [u.a.]: Brill, 2011. - 461 S. ISBN (Set) 978-90-04-18194-6 ISBN (Band I) 978-90-04-20598-7 ISBN (Band II) 978-90-04-20599-4
This review of research examines the constructs of reading motivation and synthesizes research findings of the past 20 years on the relationship between reading motivation and reading behavior (amount, strategies, and preferences), and the relationship between reading motivation and reading competence (reading skills and comprehension). In addition, evidence relating to the causal role of motivational factors and to the role of reading behavior as a mediator of the effects of motivation on reading competence is examined. We identify seven genuine dimensions of reading motivation: curiosity, involvement, competition, recognition, grades, compliance, and work avoidance. Evidence for these dimensions comes from both quantitative and qualitative research. Moreover, evidence from previous studies confirms the positive contribution of intrinsic reading motivation, and the relatively small or negative contribution of extrinsic reading motivation, to reading behavior and reading competence. The positive contribution of intrinsic motivation is particularly evident in relation to amount of reading for enjoyment and reading competence and holds even when accounting for relevant control variables. However, the causal role of reading motivation and the mediating role of reading behavior remain largely unresolved issues.
We report the discovery of two new Galactic candidate luminous blue variable (LBV) stars via detection of circular shells (typical of confirmed and candidate LBVs) and follow-up spectroscopy of their central stars. The shells were detected at 22 mu m in the archival data of the Mid-Infrared All Sky Survey carried out with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Follow-up optical spectroscopy of the central stars of the shells conducted with the renewed Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) showed that their spectra are very similar to those of the well-known LBVs P Cygni and AG Car, and the recently discovered candidate LBV MN112, which implies the LBV classification for these stars as well. The LBV classification of both stars is supported by detection of their significant photometric variability: one of them brightened in the R and I bands by 0.68 +/- 0.10 and 0.61 +/- 0.04 mag, respectively, during the last 1318 years, while the second one (known as Hen 3-1383) varies its B, V, R, I and Ks brightnesses by similar or equal to 0.50.9 mag on time-scales from 10 d to decades. We also found significant changes in the spectrum of Hen 3-1383 on a time-scale of similar or equal to 3 months, which provides additional support for the LBV classification of this star. Further spectrophotometric monitoring of both stars is required to firmly prove their LBV status. We discuss a connection between the location of massive stars in the field and their fast rotation, and suggest that the LBV activity of the newly discovered candidate LBVs might be directly related to their possible runaway status.
The majority of research on biodiversity ecosystem functioning in laboratories has concentrated on a few traits, but there is increasing evidence from the field that functional diversity controls ecosystem functioning more often than does species number. Given the importance of traits as predictors of niche complementarity and community structures, we (1) examine how the diversity sensu lato of forest trees, freshwater fishes and soil invertebrates might support ecosystem functioning and (2) discuss the relevance of productive biota for monophyletic assemblages (taxocenes).
In terrestrial ecosystems, correlating traits to abiotic factors is complicated by the appropriate choice of body-size distributions. Angiosperm and gymnosperm trees, for example, show metabolic incongruences in their respiration rates despite their pronounced macroecological scaling. Scaling heterotrophic organisms within their monophyletic assemblages seems more difficult than scaling autotrophs: in contrast to the generally observed decline of mass-specific metabolic rates with body mass within metazoans, soil organisms such as protozoans show opposite mass-specific trends.
At the community level, the resource demand of metazoans shapes multitrophic interactions. Hence, population densities and their food web relationships reflect functional diversity, but the influence of biodiversity on stability and ecosystem functioning remains less clear. We focused on fishes in 18 riverine food webs, where the ratio of primary versus secondary extinctions (hereafter, 'extinction partitioning') summarizes the responses of fish communities to primary species loss (deletions) and its consequences. Based on extinction partitioning, our high-diversity food webs were just as (or even more) vulnerable to extinctions as low-diversity food webs.
Our analysis allows us to assess consequences of the relocation or removal of fish species and to help with decision-making in sustainable river management. The study highlights that the topology of food webs (and not simply taxonomic diversity) plays a greater role in stabilizing the food web and enhancing ecological services than is currently acknowledged.