Refine
Year of publication
- 2016 (1341) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (1341) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (1341) (remove)
Keywords
- Magellanic Clouds (8)
- German (7)
- Eye movements (6)
- Sun: magnetic fields (6)
- climate change (6)
- intergalactic medium (6)
- methods: data analysis (6)
- techniques: spectroscopic (6)
- Germany (5)
- children (5)
- galaxies: formation (5)
- stars: Wolf-Rayet (5)
- stars: atmospheres (5)
- turbulence (5)
- Climate change (4)
- Obesity (4)
- Pollen (4)
- X-rays: binaries (4)
- adolescents (4)
- aggression (4)
- diffusion (4)
- prosody (4)
- self-paced reading (4)
- stars: winds, outflows (4)
- techniques: polarimetric (4)
- Adolescence (3)
- Arabidopsis (3)
- Arctic (3)
- Body waves (3)
- Childhood (3)
- Chile (3)
- Chinese (3)
- Dexamethasone (3)
- Doping (3)
- EMG (3)
- Felidae (3)
- Ion mobility spectrometry (3)
- Kinetics (3)
- Speech perception (3)
- Sun: photosphere (3)
- Synchronization (3)
- Visualization (3)
- Working memory (3)
- X-ray structure (3)
- acceleration of particles (3)
- adaptation (3)
- affect (3)
- attention (3)
- biomaterials (3)
- crystallization (3)
- dementia (3)
- depression (3)
- erosion (3)
- fMRI (3)
- galaxies: evolution (3)
- instabilities (3)
- local government (3)
- methods: observational (3)
- phytoplankton (3)
- plasmas (3)
- prevalence (3)
- quasars: absorption lines (3)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (3)
- risk factors (3)
- sentence processing (3)
- stars: evolution (3)
- stars: magnetic field (3)
- stars: massive (3)
- surveys (3)
- translation (3)
- water balance (3)
- Acceleration (2)
- Aesthetics (2)
- Ageing (2)
- Aggression (2)
- Aging (2)
- Amides (2)
- Amphibia (2)
- Animal movement (2)
- Anti-doping guideline (2)
- Anti-doping program (2)
- Anxiety (2)
- Aphasia (2)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (2)
- Asian American (2)
- Attrition (2)
- BIAT (2)
- BL Lacertae objects: general (2)
- Bacteriophage (2)
- Barasona Reservoir (2)
- Bayesian inference (2)
- Biocompatibility (2)
- Bioelectrocatalysis (2)
- Brazil (2)
- Brownian motion (2)
- Bullying (2)
- Campylomormyrus (2)
- Cardiac rehabilitation (2)
- Central Asia (2)
- Child (2)
- Chlamydomonas (2)
- Chytridiomycota (2)
- Climate (2)
- Cloud computing (2)
- Coadaptation (2)
- Coastal erosion (2)
- Comorbidity (2)
- Complex networks (2)
- Compression (2)
- Computational modeling (2)
- Computational modelling (2)
- DNA methylation (2)
- Debye screening (2)
- Decontamination (2)
- Density functional calculations (2)
- Diatoms (2)
- Dictyostelium (2)
- Discrimination (2)
- Drop profile analysis tensiometry (2)
- Drug delivery systems (2)
- Earthquake source observations (2)
- Ebro basin (2)
- Eclogite (2)
- Electron transfer (2)
- Electrophoretic deposition (2)
- Elite sports schools (2)
- Epigenetics (2)
- Escherichia coli (2)
- Europe (2)
- Exercise (2)
- Externalizing behavior (2)
- Flooding (2)
- Flow cytometry (2)
- Fluid intelligence (2)
- France (2)
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- GPS data (2)
- Gait perturbation (2)
- Galaxy: center (2)
- Gas diffusion layer (2)
- Gene-environment interaction (2)
- Geochronology (2)
- Germline transmission (2)
- Grade skipping (2)
- Grassland (2)
- HPLC (2)
- High-pressure metamorphism (2)
- Himalaya (2)
- Himalayas (2)
- IBM (2)
- IR-MALDI (2)
- Individual-based model (2)
- Infrared observations (2)
- Inversion (2)
- Janus emulsions (2)
- Japanese (2)
- Justice sensitivity (2)
- Kiezdeutsch (2)
- Large fragment deletion (2)
- Larix gmelinii (2)
- Laser (2)
- Last Glacial Maximum (2)
- Lateglacial (2)
- Lexical tone (2)
- LiDAR (2)
- Livestock (2)
- Longitudinal study (2)
- MAOA (2)
- Manganese (2)
- Mental disorders (2)
- MiSpEx* (2)
- Microemulsions (2)
- Microsatellites (2)
- Mormyridae (2)
- Motor control (2)
- Multiplex mutagenesis (2)
- N400 (2)
- NMR spectroscopy (2)
- Nanoparticles (2)
- O-antigen (2)
- O-serotyping (2)
- Offending (2)
- Oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) (2)
- Palladium (2)
- Parallel processing (2)
- Parameter estimation (2)
- Phase variation (2)
- Phylogeny (2)
- Predictors (2)
- Propensity score matching (2)
- Protein (2)
- Quality of life (2)
- RNA-guided Cas9 (2)
- Raman spectroscopy (2)
- Reading comprehension (2)
- Reading motivation (2)
- Rossby waves (2)
- Rozellomycota (2)
- Salmonella Typhimurium (2)
- Sampling (2)
- Sampling rate (2)
- Scientific discovery learning (2)
- Sensorimotor training (2)
- Sentence comprehension (2)
- Sexual scripts (2)
- Siberia (2)
- Sick leave (2)
- South America (2)
- Southeast Asia (2)
- Spanish (2)
- Subsampling (2)
- Sun: corona (2)
- Sun: flares (2)
- Tailspike protein (2)
- Theoretical calculations (2)
- Theoretical seismology (2)
- Thermokarst (2)
- Throughfall (2)
- Toxicity (2)
- Transformation toughening (2)
- Turkish (2)
- Underspecification (2)
- Water (2)
- Weight management trial (2)
- Workplace (2)
- X-ray absorption (2)
- X-ray scattering (2)
- X-rays: stars (2)
- acidophile (2)
- age of acquisition (2)
- alcohol (2)
- allelopathy (2)
- anomalous diffusion (2)
- approach (2)
- associations (2)
- attitude (2)
- automatic evaluations (2)
- avoidance (2)
- azobenzene (2)
- binaries: general (2)
- biodiversity (2)
- biogeography (2)
- biomineralization (2)
- carbon cycle (2)
- carotenoids (2)
- change (2)
- chronic kidney disease (2)
- climate (2)
- coastal wetland (2)
- coercive strategies (2)
- cognition (2)
- configuration (2)
- conformation (2)
- copper(II) (2)
- critical phenomena (2)
- cross-methodological approach (2)
- crystal structure (2)
- damage (2)
- decentralization (2)
- decompositon (2)
- discourse production (2)
- doping (2)
- drainage of the catchment area (2)
- dropout (2)
- dust, extinction (2)
- ecosystem function (2)
- electromagnetic radiation (2)
- electron paramagnetic resonance (2)
- electrostatic interactions (2)
- ellipsis processing (2)
- equalizing and stabilizing mechanisms (2)
- exercise adherence (2)
- extinction (2)
- extremophile (2)
- eye-tracking (2)
- fluorescent probes (2)
- freedom restriction (2)
- galaxies: active (2)
- gamma rays: galaxies (2)
- gamma rays: general (2)
- gamma-rays: general (2)
- garden-path effect (2)
- gaze-contingent displays (2)
- general relativity (2)
- glacial hazards (2)
- glacial lake outburst floods (2)
- global change (2)
- globular clusters: individual: NGC 6397 (2)
- goal frames (2)
- graphomotor control (2)
- gravity (2)
- groundwater flow (2)
- handwriting (2)
- history and philosophy of astronomy (2)
- hydrodynamics (2)
- hydropower (2)
- hypochondriasis (2)
- imaging spectroscopy (2)
- inclusive education (2)
- inflection (2)
- ionic liquids (2)
- jasmonic acid (2)
- justice sensitivity (2)
- kana (2)
- kanji (2)
- language (2)
- language acquisition (2)
- laser pulses (2)
- linearized gravity (2)
- locality (2)
- machine learning (2)
- magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (2)
- maintenance of functional diversity (2)
- management effects (2)
- masked priming (2)
- microwave irradiation (2)
- morpho-orthography (2)
- morphologically complex words (2)
- movement kinematics (2)
- nanoparticles (2)
- nanostructures (2)
- niche and fitness differences (2)
- non-categoricity (2)
- pathogens (2)
- permafrost (2)
- perpetration (2)
- phenotypic plasticity (2)
- polyelectrolyte adsorption (2)
- pp-wave solutions (2)
- prevalence information (2)
- priming (2)
- proactivity (2)
- prototype-willingness-model (2)
- pulsars: general (2)
- reactance (2)
- reconstruction (2)
- referential choice (2)
- rejection sensitivity (2)
- relationship constellations (2)
- relativistic processes (2)
- retrieval (2)
- saccades (2)
- salicylic acid (2)
- scale development (2)
- scene viewing (2)
- self threat (2)
- semi-arid (2)
- sentence production (2)
- sexual aggression (2)
- social reactivity (2)
- sonography (2)
- spatial frequencies (2)
- sprint (2)
- stars: AGB and post-AGB (2)
- stars: abundances (2)
- stars: early-type (2)
- stars: variables: Cepheids (2)
- stars: variables: general (2)
- sunspots (2)
- supersaturated species coexistence (2)
- system analysis (2)
- tablet (2)
- techniques: imaging spectroscopy (2)
- techniques: photometric (2)
- tetrabromidocuprate(II) (2)
- trait convergence and divergence (2)
- transcription factor (2)
- tunnel vision (2)
- verbs (2)
- victimization (2)
- vulnerability (2)
- water resources (2)
- waves (2)
- wheat (2)
- writing acquisition (2)
- "rich country-poor country debate" (1)
- (9Z)-neoxanthin (1)
- (Z)-isomer (1)
- (generalised) wealdy differentiable function (1)
- 0 (1)
- 1,2-dithiosquarate (1)
- 1,2-dithiosquaratometalate (1)
- 10-Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (1)
- 16S rRNA (1)
- 1D structures (1)
- 3-D diffusion simulation (1)
- 3-color fret (1)
- 3-end processing (1)
- 3D point clouds (1)
- 3D structure (1)
- 3D visualization (1)
- 4D NOESY (1)
- 5-gliadin (1)
- 8-oxohobartine (1)
- A. tenuissima (1)
- ACT-R (1)
- AFM (1)
- AHL25 (1)
- ALS (1)
- AMSR-E (1)
- AMSR2 (1)
- ANN (1)
- ATML1 (1)
- AVHRR (1)
- Above-/below-ground interactions (1)
- Absorptionsspektren (1)
- Academic achievement (1)
- Academic competencies (1)
- Acanthocyclops (1)
- Acceptance of wind energy (1)
- Accounting standards (1)
- Actin cytoskeleton (1)
- Action effects (1)
- Action goals (1)
- Action observation (1)
- Action processing (1)
- Action verbs (1)
- Active seismic (1)
- Adam Smith (1)
- Adana Basin (1)
- Adaptation (1)
- Adaptation to climate change (1)
- Adaptive value (1)
- Adolescents (1)
- Adoption effects (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Adsorption of uremic toxins (1)
- Advance production (1)
- Advertising (1)
- Afyon zone (1)
- AgAu alloy nanoparticles (1)
- Age of acquisition (1)
- Agrammatism (1)
- Agricultural fields (1)
- Agricultural intensification (1)
- Agricultural landscape (1)
- AgroScapeLabs (1)
- Airborne laser scanning (ALS) (1)
- Al Qaeda (1)
- Alanya (1)
- Aldehyde oxidoreductase (1)
- Alexander von Humboldt (1)
- Algae-virus (1)
- Algorithms (1)
- Alkenes (1)
- Allergenic food (1)
- Allicin (1)
- Alpha ERD/ERS (1)
- Alpha-linolenic acid (1)
- Altai (1)
- Alternaria infectoria (1)
- Alternaria toxin sulfates (1)
- Alzheimer (1)
- Ambiguity (1)
- Amines (1)
- Amino acids (1)
- Amoebal silicon (1)
- Amperometric sensor (1)
- Amplitude ratio (1)
- Amylase (1)
- Analogical reasoning (1)
- Anatolia (1)
- Anatolide-Tauride Block (1)
- Anguilla anguilla (1)
- Anisotropic gold nanoplatelets (1)
- Anisotropic growth (1)
- Anisotropy (1)
- Annual plant communities (1)
- Anomalous diffusion (1)
- Anserine (1)
- Answer Set Programming (1)
- Ant colony optimization (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Anticipatory (1)
- Anticipatory gaze shifts (1)
- Antiphospholipid antibody (1)
- Antiphospholipid syndrome (1)
- Antipoetry (1)
- Anura (1)
- Aphasia rehabilitation (1)
- Apple (1)
- Apple polyphenoloxidase (1)
- Apraxia (1)
- Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (1)
- Aquatic habitats (1)
- Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
- Ar-40/Ar-39 laser ablation (1)
- Aral Sea (1)
- Archean (1)
- Arctic limnology (1)
- Arctic tundra (1)
- Arf-like protein 2 (ARL2) (1)
- Arf-like protein 3 (ARL3) (1)
- Aristotelia chilensis (1)
- Arsenic (1)
- Articulation duration (1)
- Artificial language learning (1)
- Artificial micro-RNA (1)
- Artistic rendering (1)
- As-clauses (1)
- Asia (1)
- Asparagales (1)
- Asymptotic variance of maximum partial likelihood estimate (1)
- Asymptotics of solutions (1)
- AtExpA8 (1)
- Atmospheric dynamics (1)
- Attribution (1)
- Au nanoarrays (1)
- Auditing standards (1)
- Auditory perception (1)
- August 2002 flood (1)
- Autocorrelation (1)
- Aymara (1)
- BBTP (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 421 (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501 (1)
- BPMN (1)
- BPMN modeling guidelines (1)
- Bacterial toxin (1)
- Baked products (1)
- Baltic Sea (1)
- Baltic Sea Coast (1)
- Barasona reservoir (1)
- Barberton Greenstone Belt (1)
- Bare NPs (1)
- Barents Sea (1)
- Basilika formation (1)
- Bastille Day geomagnetic storm (1)
- Bayesian data analysis (1)
- Beech fructification (1)
- Below-ground resources (1)
- Benchmarking models (1)
- Benzazepine (1)
- Beringia (1)
- Beta-binomial model (1)
- Beta-lactoglobulin (1)
- Beta2-glycoprotein I (1)
- Biaryls (1)
- Big Data (1)
- Bilingual (1)
- Bilingual language switching (1)
- Bilingualism (1)
- Bioclimatic envelope modelling (1)
- Biofuel cell (1)
- Biogenic silica (1)
- Biogeography (1)
- Biographie (1)
- Bioinformatic (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Biomass (1)
- Biomaterial (1)
- Biome (1)
- Biomechanics (1)
- Biopolymers (1)
- Bioreactor (1)
- Biosensor (1)
- Biosensor array (1)
- Biosensors (1)
- Biosilicification (1)
- Biotic interactions (1)
- Birds (1)
- Bivariant K-theory (1)
- Blasia (1)
- Block copolymers (1)
- Blood pressure (1)
- Blue stars (1)
- Blueschist (1)
- Blödigkeit (1)
- Body as subject and object (1)
- Body dissatisfaction (1)
- Body mass index (1)
- Body size (1)
- Bolboschoenus maritimus (1)
- Boolean networks (1)
- Bootstrap (1)
- Borehole image logs (1)
- Bose-Einstein condensate (1)
- Bose-Hubbard model (1)
- Bottleneck (1)
- Bound states (1)
- Bragg coherent x-ray diffractive imaging (1)
- Brandenburg (1)
- Brassica oleracea var. sabellica (1)
- Brassicaceae (1)
- Brood size (1)
- Brown trout (1)
- Bryophytes (1)
- Building height limits (1)
- Bureaucratic organization (1)
- Business Process Model and Notation (1)
- Buyer power (1)
- C-14 (1)
- C-14 analyses (1)
- C-C coupling (1)
- C3 and C4 grasses (1)
- CAL-72 osteoblasts (1)
- CC2 calculations (1)
- CCM (1)
- CD, DLS (1)
- CH center dot center dot center dot F hydrogen bonds (1)
- CNTs-based screen printed electrodes (1)
- CO2 concentrating mechanism (1)
- CO2 limitation (1)
- CO2 supply (1)
- COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism (1)
- CP-periphery (1)
- Caatinga (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Caenorhabitis elegans (1)
- Calcium phosphates (1)
- Calculation (1)
- Camelus dromedarius (1)
- Cameroon (1)
- Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary (1)
- Can Tho (1)
- Canary Islands (1)
- Cantonese (1)
- Capsella (1)
- Carbene ligands (1)
- Carbon (1)
- Carbon cycle (1)
- Carboniferous magmatism (1)
- Career Entry (1)
- Cartilage tissue engineering (1)
- Catchment scale (1)
- Catholic Church (1)
- Cavia aperea (1)
- Cell polarity (1)
- Cell volume (1)
- Cellular bioavailability (1)
- Cellular damage response (1)
- Central Andes (1)
- Central Europe (1)
- Central Tertiary Basin (1)
- Central nervous system (1)
- Centre embedding (1)
- Centrosome (1)
- Chaiten volcano (1)
- Changbai mountains (1)
- Changes in fluvial systems (1)
- Chaperone (1)
- Characteristic pollen source area (1)
- Charge transfer (1)
- Cheeger inequalities (1)
- Chemical shift assignment (1)
- Chemometrics (1)
- Childhood adversity (1)
- Childhood and adolescence (1)
- Childhood sexual abuse (1)
- Children (1)
- Chinese characters (1)
- Chlorella (1)
- Chromophores (1)
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1)
- Chronic pain (1)
- Chrysopidae (1)
- City boundaries (1)
- City structure (1)
- Civil Security (1)
- Cladocera (1)
- Cladocoropsis (1)
- Claisen rearrangement (1)
- Classification (1)
- Classification and diagnostics (1)
- Classroom composition (1)
- Classroom management (1)
- Classroom-level effects (1)
- Click chemistry (1)
- Climate change manipulations (1)
- Climate variability (1)
- Clostridium difficile (1)
- Closure Positive Shift (CPS) (1)
- Closure temperature (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Coastal dynamics (1)
- Coda waves (1)
- Cognition (1)
- Cognitive Construction Grammar (1)
- Cognitive architecture (1)
- Cognitive control (1)
- Cognitive dysfunction (1)
- Cognitive impairment (1)
- Cognitive modeling (1)
- Cognitive models of imitation (1)
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (1)
- Collagen-binding peptide (1)
- Collective efficacy (1)
- College students (1)
- Colonic microbiota (1)
- Colorization (1)
- Coluteocarpeae (1)
- Combinational logic (1)
- Combined Task and Motion Planning (1)
- Comets (1)
- Common vole (1)
- Communities as complex adaptive systems (1)
- Community assembly (1)
- Comparative study (1)
- Compensatory (1)
- Competitive hierarchies (1)
- Competitive storage (1)
- Complementary feeding (1)
- Complementary food (1)
- Compound-specific carbon isotope (1)
- Computational seismology (1)
- Computed tomography (1)
- Computer simulations (1)
- Computer-assisted instruction (1)
- Concentration-discharge relationship (1)
- Concept (1)
- Conceptual change (1)
- Concurrent checking (1)
- Conduct disorder (1)
- Conduction velocity (1)
- Cone and edge pseudo-differential operators (1)
- Confidence interval (1)
- Confidence intervals (1)
- Confirmative factor analysis (1)
- Conflict dynamics (1)
- Conformational analysis (1)
- Consumption (1)
- Content event knowledge (1)
- Continuity (1)
- Controlled source seismology (1)
- Coordination (1)
- Core (1)
- Coronary disease (1)
- Coronary heart disease (1)
- Corrective saccades (1)
- Cortisol (1)
- Cosmogenic Be-10 exposure dating (1)
- Covalent modification (1)
- Covariation (1)
- Cox model (1)
- Crack deflection (1)
- Credible intervals (1)
- Cristobalite (1)
- Critical mathematics education (1)
- Critique (1)
- Cross-coupling (1)
- Cross-linguistic (1)
- Cross-linguistic differences (1)
- Cross-modal retrieval (1)
- Crotalus (1)
- Cryolithology (1)
- Cryptomycota (1)
- Crystal chemistry (1)
- Crystal packing (1)
- Crystal structure (1)
- Cultural ecosystem services (1)
- Cultural theory (1)
- Culture growth dynamics (1)
- Curculigo (1)
- Cyanobacteria (1)
- Cyberspace (1)
- Cycle-averaged tilt angle (1)
- DAF-16 transcription factor (1)
- DDR (1)
- DELLA proteins (1)
- DFT (1)
- DHA (1)
- DHA status (1)
- DMR (1)
- DNA complexation (1)
- DNA origami (1)
- DNA origami nanostructures (1)
- DNA radiation damage (1)
- DNMT1 (1)
- DOC vs. DIC (1)
- DPP-4 inhibition (1)
- DTNBP1 (1)
- Dairy cow (1)
- Damage modeling (1)
- Daphnia (1)
- Dark matter fungi (1)
- Data assimilation (1)
- Data envelopment analysis (1)
- Data exchange (1)
- Data integration (1)
- Data standardisation and formatting (1)
- David Hume (1)
- De-territorialisation Process (1)
- Deception (1)
- Decision making (1)
- Decision-making (1)
- Decomposition (1)
- Deep fluids (1)
- Deep neural networks (1)
- Definitions (1)
- Deglaciation (1)
- Degradation (1)
- Dehydration tolerance (1)
- Dehydrogenase (1)
- Dehydrothermal cross linking (1)
- Delinquency (1)
- Delta mcyB mutant (1)
- Demand structure (1)
- Demographic transitions (1)
- Dendritic cells (1)
- Dendritic core-multishell nanocarriers (1)
- Depression (1)
- Depression risk (1)
- Depth profiling (1)
- Dermal drug delivery (1)
- Description framework (1)
- Desert wetland ecosystems (1)
- Desertification (1)
- Design (1)
- Design flow (1)
- Detraining (1)
- Deuterium excess (1)
- Developmental tempo (1)
- Diagnostic Competency (1)
- Diagrams (1)
- Diallyl disulfide (1)
- Diastereoselectivity (1)
- Diatom frustule (1)
- Dichlorofluorescein assay (1)
- Dictator (1)
- Differentiated Instruction (1)
- Diffusion (1)
- Digital badges (1)
- Digital technology (1)
- Dilational rheology (1)
- Direct electron transfer (1)
- Directive particles (1)
- Directorate General (1)
- Discourse networks (1)
- Discrete variable representation (1)
- Discretization (1)
- Discriminative learning (1)
- Disordered eating behaviours (1)
- Dispersion curve (1)
- Dispersion curves (1)
- Dissolved inorganic carbon (1)
- Dissolved organic carbon (1)
- Distachyapites (1)
- Diurnal fluctuations (1)
- Diversification (1)
- Domain specificity (1)
- Domain-specific language (1)
- Dominant link directions (1)
- Donor materials (1)
- Drainage capture (1)
- Drinking water quality (1)
- Driver assistance (1)
- Drought (1)
- Drug design (1)
- Dual scale factors (1)
- DySEM (1)
- Dynamic pricing and advertising (1)
- Dynamic vegetation models (1)
- EC50 (1)
- EDX (1)
- EEG/ERP (1)
- EPR spectroscopy (1)
- EU policy-making (1)
- EXAFS (1)
- Early Eocene (1)
- Earth materials (1)
- Earthworms (1)
- East Africa (1)
- East African Rift System (1)
- East African rift system (1)
- East Asian summer monsoon (1)
- Eastern Alps (1)
- Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (1)
- Eccentric positionality (1)
- Eco-evolution (1)
- Eco-genetic modelling (1)
- Ecological theory (1)
- Ecosystem approach (1)
- Ecosystem functioning (1)
- Ecosystem research (1)
- Ecosystem services (1)
- Edge degenerate operators (1)
- Edible dormouse (1)
- Edible insects (1)
- Education (1)
- Educational plans (1)
- Effective dimensionality (1)
- Ego depletion (1)
- El Hierro (1)
- Electrical conductivity (1)
- Electrical resistivity imaging (1)
- Electrochemistry (1)
- Electroencephalography (1)
- Electromyography (1)
- Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (1)
- Electron relay (1)
- Electronic and spintronic devices (1)
- Electronic system level (1)
- Electronic tongue (1)
- Electropolymerization (1)
- Electrospray ionization (1)
- Elementary school students (1)
- Elementary students (1)
- Elicited production (1)
- Elite sports (1)
- Ellipsis sites (1)
- Ellipticity of edge-degenerate operators (1)
- Emotion recognition (1)
- Emotion regulation (1)
- Employment (1)
- Employment stability (1)
- EnGeoMAP 2 (1)
- EnMAP (1)
- Enantioselectivity (1)
- Endoreduplication (1)
- Endothelin-1 transgenic mice (1)
- Endozoochory syndrome (1)
- Energy conflicts (1)
- Energy transfer (1)
- Ensemble Kalman filter (1)
- Enteric polymer (1)
- Enzymatic degradation (1)
- Enzymatic polymer degradation (1)
- Enzyme electrode (1)
- Eocene (1)
- Ephedripites (1)
- Epidermis (1)
- Epiphytic foraminifera (1)
- Epitope mapping (1)
- Equatorial Pacific (1)
- Equatorial plasma irregularities (1)
- Equilibrium (1)
- Equilibrium phase modeling (1)
- Eroded soil types (1)
- Erosion kinetics (1)
- Eruptive recurrence (1)
- Esterase (1)
- Estimability (1)
- Estimation uncertainty (1)
- Ethical accounting estimates (1)
- Eudragit L 100 (1)
- Euglyphida (1)
- European Commission (1)
- European bat species (1)
- European beech forest (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Evaporites (1)
- Evapotranspiration (1)
- Event model (1)
- Event synchronization (1)
- Event-Related Potential (ERP) technique (1)
- Examen critique (1)
- Executive functions (1)
- Exercise capacity (1)
- Exhaustion (1)
- Exile (1)
- Expectation maximisation (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Experiment description (1)
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (1)
- Experimental environment (1)
- Experimental evidence (1)
- Experimental metadata (1)
- Explorative (Data-) Analysis (1)
- Export regime (1)
- Extent (1)
- External mass transfer (1)
- Extraction (1)
- Extreme rainfall (1)
- Extreme weather (1)
- Eye tracking (1)
- Eye-movement monitoring (1)
- Eye-tracking (1)
- FIB patterning (1)
- FISH (1)
- FPGA (1)
- FRAP (1)
- FRET (1)
- FTO-Glas (1)
- Factor analysis (1)
- Faking (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Fatty acid hydroperoxides (1)
- Fatwas (1)
- Fen stratigraphy (1)
- Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (1)
- Fetal programming (1)
- FhuA (1)
- Field Experiment (1)
- Filled-gap dependency (1)
- Finland (1)
- First World War (1)
- First ovulation (1)
- Fish (1)
- Fisheries management (1)
- Fitness gradient (1)
- Fitness-distance correlation (1)
- Flash floods (1)
- Flood generating processes (1)
- Flood risk (1)
- Floods Directive (1)
- Flow regime (1)
- Fludrocortisone (1)
- Fluid (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorescence spectroscopy (1)
- Food labeling (1)
- Forest change (1)
- Forest conservation (1)
- Forest mineral topsoil (1)
- Formica lugubris (1)
- Forschungsdesign, kausale Perspektiven, Theorietest, x-zentriert, y-zentriert, Experimente (1)
- Foucault (1)
- Fourier transform (1)
- Foxp3 (1)
- Free radicals (1)
- French (1)
- Freshwater algae (1)
- Freshwater fungi (1)
- Fruit shape (1)
- Full-waveform (1)
- Functional bat group (1)
- Functional capacity (1)
- Functional types (1)
- Functionality (1)
- Fungal physiology and ecology (1)
- Fungal tree (1)
- Fusarium proliferatum (1)
- Fuzzy logic (1)
- G-quadruplexes (1)
- GADD45A and GADD45G (1)
- GLDAS (1)
- GMYC (1)
- GPM (1)
- GRACE (1)
- Gabbro (1)
- Gait kinematics (1)
- Gait kinetics (1)
- Galang (1)
- Games (1)
- Garden-path (1)
- Garden-path recovery (1)
- Garlic (1)
- Gaze-contingent displays (1)
- Gelatin-PLGA Scaffold (1)
- Gelatin-chitosan composites (1)
- Gelatin-chitosan scaffolds (1)
- Gender differences (1)
- Gender effects (1)
- Gene regulatory network (1)
- Generalized Langevin oscillator model (1)
- Generic skills (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genotoxicity (1)
- Geomagnetic field (1)
- Geomagnetic models (1)
- Geometric morphometrics (1)
- Geometry (1)
- Geophysical methods (1)
- Georg von der Gabelentz (1)
- Geostatistics (1)
- Geothermal water (1)
- Geovisual Analytics (1)
- German Bundestag (1)
- German forefield (1)
- German foreign policy (1)
- Gestational diabetes (1)
- Gestures (1)
- Gesundheitsförderung (1)
- Gewalt (1)
- Gewalt an Schulen, Mobbing an Schulen, Zeitvergleich, Schülergewalt, Intervention (1)
- Gewaltprävention (1)
- Gibbs processes (1)
- Glacial geomorphology (1)
- Glaciation (1)
- Glaucophane (1)
- Global DNA methylation (1)
- Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) (1)
- Glutathione (1)
- Glycopolymer brush (1)
- Glycosyltransferase (1)
- Gnetaceaepollenites (1)
- Goal saliency (1)
- Goal specificity (1)
- Gondwana (1)
- Good-enough processing (1)
- Grading (1)
- Grafting-from polymerization (1)
- Grain-size (1)
- Grammaticality illusion (1)
- Granitoid magmas (1)
- Graph Laplacians (1)
- Graphomotor execution (1)
- Great Britain (1)
- Greenhouse experiment (1)
- Greenhouse gas emissions (1)
- Ground penetrating radar (1)
- Ground-motion prediction equation (1)
- Groundwater (1)
- Growth reference values (1)
- Guidelines (1)
- Guilt (1)
- Gulf of Mexico (1)
- Gutmicrobiota (1)
- Gym-based/home-based training (1)
- Gymnophiona (1)
- Gypsum (1)
- Gyttja (1)
- H. Steinthal (1)
- H/V ratio technique (1)
- H3K4 methylation (1)
- HII regions (1)
- HPLC-MS/MS (1)
- HSP70 (1)
- HaCaT cells (1)
- Habitat gradients (1)
- Half-center oscillator (1)
- Hamiltonicity (1)
- Handwriting (1)
- Handwriting movements adaptation (1)
- Hardware acceleration (1)
- Hardware/software system (1)
- Haredim (1)
- Hassidism (1)
- Haute cuisine (1)
- Hazard (1)
- HeH-protein (1)
- Health promotion (1)
- Heart weight (1)
- Heat shock proteins (1)
- Heat stress response (1)
- Heck reaction (1)
- Henry George (1)
- Hepatic enzyme (1)
- Hepatic stellate cells (1)
- Hepatocytes (1)
- Heterogeneity of Abilities (1)
- Hexapoda (1)
- Hf isotopes (1)
- Hierarchical model (1)
- High Arctic Large Igneous Province (1)
- High rate GPS (1)
- High-density surface EMG (1)
- High-harmonic generation (1)
- High-pressure synthesis (1)
- High-throughput next-generation sequencing (1)
- Hillslope pedosequence (1)
- History of linguistics (1)
- Hodgkin-Huxley model (1)
- Holder-type source condition (1)
- Holocene (1)
- Holocene Thermal Maximum (1)
- Homogeneity (1)
- Homogeneous catalysis (1)
- Homologous recombination (1)
- Honeybee (1)
- Horizontal Educational Inequality (1)
- Humahuaca Basin (1)
- Human sulfite oxidase (1)
- Humboldt (1)
- Huntington disease (1)
- Hyaluronic acid (1)
- Hybrid materials (1)
- Hybrid prediction (1)
- Hydraulic models (1)
- Hydraulic networks (1)
- Hydroclimate (1)
- Hydrogels (1)
- Hydrogenation (1)
- Hydrological monitoring (1)
- Hydrolysis (1)
- Hydrophobic treatment (1)
- Hydrophobin (1)
- Hydrus-1D (1)
- Hydrus-2D (1)
- Hyperion (1)
- Hypermethylation (1)
- Hypoosmotic stress (1)
- Hypopharyngeal gland (1)
- Hyporheic zone (1)
- IASB accounting conceptual framework (1)
- ICF (1)
- ICP-QQQ-MS (1)
- ICSS (1)
- IFT (1)
- ISM: abundances (1)
- ISM: clouds (1)
- ISM: molecules (1)
- ISM: supernova remnants (1)
- Iambic (1)
- Iberian Peninsula (1)
- Ice sheet dynamics (1)
- Ice-wedge polygon (1)
- Iceland (1)
- Identity (1)
- Ideomotor theory (1)
- IgE (1)
- Image flow (1)
- Image processing (1)
- Image-based representation (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Impairment (1)
- Implementation (1)
- Implicit association test (IAT) (1)
- Impunity (1)
- In vitro blood-brain barrier model (1)
- In vivo biotinylation (1)
- In-situ cosmogenic Be-10 (1)
- In-stream geomorphological structures (1)
- In-stream processes (1)
- InP nanowires (1)
- Inactivation (1)
- Independence (1)
- Index Seminum (1)
- Index of dispersion (1)
- Indian Summer Monsoon (1)
- Indian monsoon (1)
- Indicator species (1)
- Individual differences (1)
- Individualized intervention (1)
- Indus (1)
- Infancy (1)
- Inflammatory skin disease (1)
- Inflow and outflow (1)
- Information coding (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Inhibition of return (1)
- Inhibitory neurons (1)
- Initial ecosystem (1)
- Injury (1)
- Innovation (1)
- Inorganic mercury (1)
- Insects (1)
- Instructional quality (1)
- Instrumentality (1)
- Insulin resistance (1)
- Integrability (1)
- Integration sites (1)
- Intent (1)
- Interaction (1)
- Interactive painting (1)
- Interfacial tension (1)
- Interferometry (1)
- Intergenerational effects (1)
- Interior Alaska (1)
- Internal and external coherence (1)
- Internalizing behavior (1)
- Interoperability (1)
- Interpersonal behavior (1)
- Intrinsic metrics for Dirichlet forms (1)
- Inundation (1)
- Ionospheric current (1)
- Ionospheric scale lengths (1)
- Ischemia/reperfusion (1)
- Island (1)
- Isochrones (1)
- Italy (1)
- Item development (1)
- Ixodes ricinus (1)
- Javan leopard (1)
- Job search (1)
- Johann Heinrich von Thunen (1)
- Joint action (1)
- Jordan (1)
- Josephson junction (1)
- Josiah Tucker (1)
- Judaism (1)
- June 2013 flood (1)
- Jwalamukhi Thrust (1)
- K-means technique (1)
- Kernel occurrence rate (1)
- Kidney weight (1)
- Kinetic analysis (1)
- KoRV (1)
- Kokchetavite (1)
- Korean (1)
- Kriging (1)
- Kumdykolite (1)
- Kuramoto model (1)
- L-929 fibroblasts (1)
- LAI (1)
- LASSO (1)
- LC composites (1)
- LC-MS (1)
- LC-MS/MS (1)
- LC/MS/MS; Quantification of allergenic plant traces (1)
- LCST (1)
- LEM-domain protein (1)
- LIDAR (1)
- LSU (1)
- Laboratory experiment (1)
- Lactams (1)
- Lactarius subgenus Plinthogali (1)
- Lake Mead (1)
- Lake Stechlin (1)
- Lake Van (1)
- Lake-ice cover (1)
- Land cover disturbances (1)
- Land reform (1)
- Landsat 8 (1)
- Landscape aesthetics (1)
- Landscape dynamics (1)
- Landscape preferences (1)
- Landscape values (1)
- Langmuir monolayer (1)
- Langmuir monolayer degradation technique (1)
- Langmuir technique (1)
- Language universals , morphology , priming , Semitic (1)
- Laponite (1)
- Larger benthic foraminifera (1)
- Laser induced desorption (1)
- Late Cretaceous (1)
- Late style (1)
- Latent-state-trait modeling (1)
- Latino/a (1)
- Layer-by-layer (1)
- Leaf area index (1)
- Learning (1)
- Learning analytics (1)
- Leber congenital amaurosis (1)
- Lech catchment (1)
- Lehrerpersönlichkeit (1)
- Leitendes Polymer (1)
- Level of confidence (1)
- Levy flights (1)
- Li isotope fractionation (1)
- Life course (1)
- Light (1)
- Light scattering (1)
- Light verbs (1)
- Line immunoassay (1)
- Linearized equation (1)
- Linguistic form (1)
- Linked Data (1)
- Linked Data Fragments (1)
- Lipase (1)
- Lipid biomarker (1)
- Lipids (1)
- Liquid chromatography (1)
- Liquid water distribution (1)
- Lisa Smirl (1)
- Listener gaze (1)
- Liver fibrosis (1)
- Liver function (1)
- Liver injury (1)
- Local Group (1)
- Local coherence (1)
- Local density friction approximation (1)
- Localized surface plasmon resonance (1)
- Loess (1)
- Long-term cellular toxicity (1)
- Longitudinal (1)
- Low back pain (1)
- Low voltage losses (1)
- Low-centred polygon (1)
- Lower Paleolithic (1)
- Lowland catchment (1)
- Lumpiness in pattern formation and self-organization (1)
- Lyapunov function (1)
- Lynx (1)
- Lysimeter control systems (1)
- M.I.A. (1)
- MADS-domain transcription factor (1)
- MARS (1)
- MASW (1)
- MAT(mr) paleothermometer (1)
- MHC diversity (1)
- MHD (1)
- MODIS (1)
- MSMEs (1)
- Macrophytes (1)
- Maize (1)
- Malagasy/Kuunga orogeny (1)
- Maltose-modified poly(ethyleneimine) (1)
- Management (1)
- Manipulation Planning (1)
- Marginal employment (1)
- Marine Isotope Stage 13 (1)
- Marine environmental management (1)
- Markov model (1)
- Marx (1)
- Mass balance approach (1)
- Mass spectrometry (1)
- Mass transfer (1)
- Mathematical model (1)
- Matrix IR spectrum (1)
- Matrix model (1)
- Maximum entropy method (1)
- Maximum magnitude of earthquake (1)
- Mean July temperature (1)
- Meaning (1)
- Mechanical properties (1)
- Mechanisms (1)
- Mediation-model (1)
- Medicine (1)
- Mediterranean (1)
- Mediterranean fluvial systems (1)
- Mediterranean shallow lake (1)
- Mediterranean shrubland (1)
- Mediterranean temporary ponds (1)
- Meerfelder Maar (1)
- Mekong Delta (1)
- Mellin and Green operators edge symbols (1)
- Mellin operators (1)
- Mellin oscillatory integrals (1)
- Menderes Massif (1)
- Mental health (1)
- Mercuric mercury (1)
- Mereological fallacy (1)
- Meromorphic operator-valued symbols (1)
- Mesophyll tissue (1)
- Mesoporous materials (1)
- Messinian Erosional Surface (1)
- Messinian Salinity Crisis (1)
- Meta-plagiogranite (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Metabolomics (1)
- Metamorphism (1)
- Meteorites (1)
- Methylmercury (1)
- Mg/Ca (1)
- Micro-aggregates (1)
- Microbeads (1)
- Microbial electrochemistry (1)
- Microcystis aeruginosa (1)
- Microdialysis (1)
- Microfluidics (1)
- Microsaccades (1)
- Microscopy (1)
- Microtremors (1)
- Microtubules (1)
- Microtus arvalis (1)
- Mid-Holocene (1)
- Mid-late Holocene (1)
- Middle childhood (1)
- Migration (1)
- Military areas (1)
- Mindfulness (1)
- Mineralocorticoid receptor (1)
- Mini-job (1)
- Minimum information recommendations (1)
- Misconceptions (1)
- Misinterpretation (1)
- Mitosis (1)
- Mixed adsorption layers (1)
- Mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland (1)
- Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) (1)
- Mobbing (1)
- Mobbingforschung (1)
- Mobility Studies (1)
- Modality pairings (1)
- Model analysis (1)
- Model complexity (1)
- Model identification (1)
- Model transformation (1)
- Modeling recommendations (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Moderation analysis (1)
- Modern analogue technique (1)
- Modified Mannich reaction (1)
- Moduli space (1)
- Moesin (1)
- Mojave toxin (1)
- Molecular design (1)
- Molecular dynamics simulations (1)
- Molecular dynamics with friction (1)
- Molecularly imprinted polymers (1)
- Moment closure for trait-based aggregate model approaches (1)
- Monitoring (1)
- Monolayer (1)
- Moodies Group (1)
- Moraldidaxe (1)
- Mormyroidea (1)
- Morphological priming (1)
- Morphology (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Motivational development (1)
- Motivational profiles (1)
- Motor unit decomposition (1)
- Motor unit discharge rate (1)
- Mountain hydrology (1)
- Movement kinematics (1)
- Moving window (1)
- Multiblock copolymer (1)
- Multilayer (1)
- Multilevel modeling (1)
- Multimodal representation (1)
- Multimodal trait distributions (1)
- Multimorbiditat (1)
- Multiple problem spaces (1)
- Multiplex phosphoproteomics data (1)
- Multiplexed assays (1)
- Multispecies-coalescent (1)
- Multivariate data analysis (1)
- Multivariate duration models (1)
- Muscle latency (1)
- Muscle power (1)
- Musculoskeletal disorders (1)
- Music (1)
- Music cognition (1)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1)
- Mycophagy (1)
- N ligands (1)
- NE Germany (1)
- NE Spain (1)
- NIPAAm (1)
- NMDS (1)
- NW-Argentine Andes (1)
- Na+ homeostasis (1)
- Na-pyrophosphate soluble organic matter (1)
- Nagoya-protocol (1)
- Namibia (1)
- Nano-bioextractant (1)
- Nanocrystal growth (1)
- Nanogel (1)
- Nanogranites (1)
- Nanoparticle (1)
- Nanoparticle uptake (1)
- Nanotoxicology (1)
- Nanotriangle stacking and welding (1)
- Natura 2000 (1)
- Nauclea diderrichii (1)
- Neotethys (1)
- Network industries (1)
- Neural efficiency (1)
- Neural network (1)
- Neurocognitive load (1)
- Neuroenhancement (1)
- Neuroimaging (1)
- Neuronal plasticity (1)
- Neuroscience (1)
- Neutral tone (1)
- New Zealand (1)
- Next-generation modelling (1)
- Ni electrodes (1)
- Nicanor Parra (1)
- Nicotinamide (1)
- Nitrate (1)
- Nitrate retention (1)
- Nitric oxide synthase-like activity (1)
- Nitro-tyrosine (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- Noccaea (1)
- Noether theorem (1)
- Noisy Fitness (1)
- Non-adiabatic transitions (1)
- Non-canonical sentences (1)
- Non-ergodic PSHA (1)
- Non-linear analysis (1)
- Non-native language processing (1)
- Non-renewable commodity prices (1)
- Non-stationarity (1)
- Nonlinear ill-posed problems (1)
- Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (1)
- Nonparametric efficiency estimation (1)
- Nonparametric regression (1)
- Normal fault evolution (1)
- North Atlantic Large Igneous Province (1)
- Nostoc (1)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1)
- Nucleophilic addition (1)
- Nucleus (1)
- Numerical propagation (1)
- Nutrients (1)
- OCP (1)
- ODD model description (1)
- OPA1 (1)
- Oceanic transform and fracture zone processes (1)
- Odor discrimination (1)
- Office chair (1)
- Oil paint filtering (1)
- Old age (1)
- Olfactory system (1)
- Oligo(omega-pentadecalactone) (1)
- Oligopoly (1)
- Oligopoly competition (1)
- Oman (1)
- Omphacite (1)
- One Plan Approach (1)
- Open innovation (1)
- Operator algebras (1)
- Optically stimulated luminescence (1)
- Optimal stochastic control (1)
- Optimization (1)
- Orchestration (1)
- Orden de las palabras (1)
- Ordination (1)
- Organic carbon (1)
- Organic chemistry (1)
- Organic matter stabilization (1)
- Organic mercury (1)
- Orogen-parallel lateral extrusion (1)
- Orthotropy (1)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- Ostracoda (1)
- Outflows (1)
- Overdispersion (1)
- Overweight (1)
- Oxidative stress (1)
- Oyster (1)
- P ligands (1)
- P600 (1)
- PAM fluorometry (1)
- PCaaC38:6 (1)
- PEG model (1)
- Pain management (1)
- Pain occurrence (1)
- Palaeoclimate (1)
- Palaeogene (1)
- Paleoclimate reconstruction (1)
- Paleoecology (1)
- Paleoenvironment (1)
- Paleogene (1)
- Paleosol (1)
- Paleotethys (1)
- Palmitate (1)
- Palynology (1)
- Panic disorder with agoraphobia (1)
- Panjal Traps (1)
- Papangelou processes (1)
- Paracetamol (1)
- Parafoveal (1)
- Parent training (1)
- Parenthood (1)
- Paris agreement (1)
- Paris-Edinburgh press (1)
- Partial melt (1)
- Particle-size fractions (1)
- Passive Microwave (1)
- Passive seismic (1)
- Paternal effects (1)
- Pathogenic detection (1)
- Peak fat oxidation (1)
- Peak flow trends (1)
- Peak-over-threshold (1)
- Peat (1)
- Peat properties (1)
- Pedagogical content knowledge (1)
- Pedagogical professional knowledge (1)
- Pendant drop tensiometry (1)
- Penicillium digitatum (1)
- Perceptual span (1)
- Performance gains (1)
- Peripheral nervous system (1)
- Periphyton (1)
- Permafrost (1)
- Permafrost coasts (1)
- Permafrost ecosystem (1)
- Permafrost peatlands (1)
- Permafrost thaw (1)
- Peroxidatic and resolving cysteine (1)
- Peroxiredoxin (1)
- Peroxynitrite (1)
- Persian (1)
- Personal initiative (1)
- Personality (1)
- Personality development (1)
- Personalmanagement (1)
- Personhood (1)
- Peruvian fore arc (1)
- Pesticides (1)
- Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Phase morphology (1)
- Phenacetin (1)
- Phenol-amino-adducts (1)
- Phenolic compounds (1)
- Phenomics (1)
- Phenothiazine (1)
- Philosophical anthropology (1)
- Phonological planning (1)
- Phonotactic probability (1)
- Phonotactics (1)
- Phosphodiesterase delta-subunit (PDE delta) (1)
- Phospholipid binding proteins (1)
- Photosensitive azobenzene containing polyamines (1)
- Photosensitive brushes (1)
- Physical aggression (1)
- Physics concepts (1)
- Pigments (1)
- Pipe networks (1)
- Placenta (1)
- Plant allergen (soy, sesame, lupine) (1)
- Plant diversity (1)
- Plant functional groups (1)
- Plant functional types (1)
- Plant macrofossils (1)
- Plant n-alkanes (1)
- Plant performance (1)
- Plant phenotyping (1)
- Plastidial phosphorylase (1)
- Pleistocene (1)
- Pleurotus ostreatus (1)
- Plio-Pleistocene (1)
- Ploidy (1)
- Plyometric exercise (1)
- Poetics of Movement (1)
- Poincare inequality (1)
- Point cloud (1)
- Point-based rendering (1)
- Poland (1)
- Poly-epsilon-caprolactone (1)
- Polyampholytes (1)
- Polyethyleneimine (1)
- Polymer architecture (1)
- Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (1)
- Polymer/surfactant interaction (1)
- Polymeric nanoparticles (1)
- Polymerization (1)
- Polymorphs (1)
- Polyplexes (1)
- Population cycle (1)
- Population density (1)
- Population history (1)
- Population-based model (1)
- Pore network modeling (1)
- Pornography use (1)
- Porous scaffold (1)
- Porphyrins (1)
- Positional difference (1)
- Positive mass theorem (1)
- Positive selection (1)
- Post-activation potentiation (1)
- Post-inhibitory rebound (1)
- Post-translational protein modification (1)
- Postcolonial Theory (1)
- Postcolonial aspects of old age (1)
- Postcolonial theory (1)
- Posterior estimation (1)
- Postharvest processing (1)
- Potato (1)
- Potentiostat (1)
- Precipitation events (1)
- Precipitation gradient (1)
- Predictor (1)
- President (1)
- Pressure distribution (1)
- Preterm birth (1)
- Pricing (1)
- Primary care (1)
- Primary care practice (1)
- Privacy (1)
- Proactivity (1)
- Probability (1)
- Probing living Staphylococcus aureus (1)
- Problem solving (1)
- Problematic cannabis use (1)
- Process model quality (1)
- Procrustes rotation (1)
- Productivity (1)
- Professional knowledge (1)
- Prognosis (1)
- Pronoun resolution (1)
- Property (1)
- Prospective study (1)
- Proteasome (1)
- Protein functionality and modification (1)
- Protein oxidation (1)
- Protein voltammetry (1)
- Protein-polymer conjugate (1)
- Proteomics (1)
- Prototyping (1)
- Proving (1)
- Proxy forward modeling (1)
- Pseudo-differential operators (1)
- Psychological influence (1)
- Psychometric function (1)
- Psychophysical methods (1)
- Psychophysical neutrality (1)
- Psychosocial development (1)
- Public organizations (1)
- Puna Plateau (1)
- Push-pull effect (1)
- Puumala virus (1)
- Pyrenees (1)
- QCA (1)
- Qualitatssicherung (1)
- Quantitative reconstruction (1)
- Quantum dynamics (1)
- Quarter-wavelength principle (1)
- Quasilinear equations (1)
- Querying (1)
- R&D (1)
- RAFT polymerization (1)
- RBP4 (1)
- REDD (1)
- RNA-Seq (1)
- Radiative transfer (1)
- Radiocarbon (1)
- Rainfall (1)
- Rainfall floods (1)
- Rainfall niche (1)
- Random walk (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Rangeland management (1)
- Rapeseed oil (1)
- Rapid exhumation/cooling (1)
- Rat model (1)
- Rate analysis (1)
- Rayet (1)
- Rayleigh waves (1)
- Reaction time (1)
- Reactive foaming (1)
- Reactive movement (1)
- Reactive nitrogen species (1)
- Reading amount (1)
- Reading development (1)
- Real time (1)
- Real-time rendering (1)
- Reanalysis (1)
- Rectifiable varifold (1)
- Recurrent neural network model (1)
- Redox polymer (1)
- Redox proteins (1)
- Redox sensitive proteins (1)
- Redoxreaktionen (1)
- Reduction (1)
- Reference handling (1)
- Reference station (1)
- Referential understanding (1)
- Regional climate models (1)
- Regionalization (1)
- Regression (1)
- Regulatory T cells (Treg) (1)
- Rehabilitationspotenzial (1)
- Reintroduction (1)
- Reiseliteratur (1)
- Relation between violence and health (1)
- Relational aggression (1)
- Relative clauses (1)
- Release (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Removable sets (1)
- Representational overlap (1)
- Reproductive performance (1)
- Reservoir (1)
- Reservoir host (1)
- Reservoir temperature (1)
- Reservoirs (1)
- Residual maximum likelihood (1)
- Resistance training (1)
- Resource scarcity (1)
- Resource selection (1)
- Respiration (1)
- Respiration rate (1)
- Response function (1)
- Response time modulation (1)
- Retinitis pigmentosa protein 2 (RP2) (1)
- Retroviral endogenization (1)
- Return to work (1)
- Reward processing (1)
- Reziprokes Lehren, Lehrerfortbildung, Implementationsforschung, Lesekompetenz, Lesestrategievermittlung (1)
- Rheology (1)
- Rho invariants (1)
- Rhythmic grouping (1)
- Ribosome profiling (1)
- Ricci solitons (1)
- Ring method (1)
- Riparian vegetation (1)
- Risk factors (1)
- Risky sexual behavior (1)
- River Esera (1)
- River delta (1)
- River restoration (1)
- River-groundwater exchange (1)
- Roberto Bolano (1)
- Robustness (1)
- Rod photoreceptor (1)
- Root water uptake (1)
- Rooting depth (1)
- Rossmanite (1)
- Rotational barriers (1)
- Rover station (1)
- Run time analysis (1)
- Runge-Kutta methods (1)
- Running (1)
- Runoff modeling (1)
- Runtime analysis (1)
- Russia (1)
- Russian language (1)
- Russulaceae (1)
- Ruthenium (1)
- S-glutathionylation (1)
- S-nitrosylation (1)
- SANS (1)
- SAXS (1)
- SCN4aa (1)
- SDS inverse micelle (1)
- SH waves (1)
- SIMS (1)
- SLiCE (1)
- SMEs (1)
- SOPARSE (1)
- SPARQL (1)
- SQM-FF (1)
- SREF (1)
- SRTM improvements (1)
- SSMI/S (1)
- SSRs (1)
- STAT6 (1)
- SWAT (1)
- Saccharomyces boulardii (1)
- Saliency (1)
- Sanabria Lake (1)
- Sarcopoterium spinosum (1)
- Sarmentofascis (1)
- Satisfiability (1)
- Scale development (1)
- Scaling (1)
- Scenarios (1)
- Scene viewing (1)
- Scenedesmus (1)
- Scher-Montroll transport (1)
- School (1)
- Schrodinger equation (1)
- Schäferroman (1)
- Sclerochronology (1)
- Scotland (1)
- Screen-printed electrode (1)
- Seagrasses (1)
- Seamless ligation cloning (1)
- Seasonality (1)
- Seawater intrusion (1)
- Secondary saccades (1)
- Secondary structure (1)
- Sectoral emissions (1)
- Security (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sediment distribution (1)
- Sediment geochemistry (1)
- Sediment load (1)
- Seed germination (1)
- Seismic anisotropy (1)
- Seismic attenuation (1)
- Seismic tomography (1)
- Seismicity (1)
- Seismicity and tectonics (1)
- Selection (1)
- Selective attention (1)
- Selenium (1)
- Selenosugar 1 (1)
- Self-assembly (1)
- Self-checking (1)
- Self-concept (1)
- Self-employment (1)
- Self-organizing map (1)
- Self-paced reading (1)
- Self-regulatory efficacy (1)
- Semantic complexity (1)
- Semantic feature (1)
- Semantic persistence (1)
- Semantic typicality (1)
- Semantics (1)
- Semi-arid (1)
- Semiconductors (1)
- Semiparametric regression (1)
- Senior-LOken syndrome (1)
- Seniors (1)
- Sensitivity analysis (1)
- Sentence processing (1)
- Sentence reading (1)
- Sentence revision (1)
- Sentence-picture matching (1)
- Serial order memory (1)
- Service-oriented computing (1)
- Sexual aggression (1)
- Sexual victimization (1)
- Shadowgraphy (1)
- Shallow processing (1)
- Shape of trade-offs and stabilizing and disruptive selection (1)
- Shari'a (1)
- Short-term learning (1)
- Shrub encroachment (1)
- SiO(2)Molecular dynamics (1)
- SiO2-H2O (1)
- Siglo XIX (1)
- Siglo XX (1)
- Silanes (1)
- Silk Road (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Simulation experiment (1)
- Single sample count (1)
- Sinkholes (1)
- Site characterization (1)
- Situated communication (1)
- Siurana Reservoir (1)
- Skin barrier disruption (1)
- Skin model (1)
- Skin nanocarrier (1)
- Skin penetration (1)
- Small selenium species (1)
- Smoking during pregnancy (1)
- Snow-Water Equivalent (1)
- Snowmelt floods (1)
- Sobolev Poincare inequality (1)
- Social Inequality (1)
- Social cognitive theory (1)
- Social inhibition of return (1)
- Social medicine (1)
- Social rejection (1)
- Sodium transport (1)
- Soft errors (1)
- Soil (1)
- Soil C leaching (1)
- Soil tillage (1)
- Soil water balance simulation (1)
- Solanaceae (1)
- Solanum tuberosum L. (1)
- Sommer et al. 2006 (1)
- Sound (1)
- South American Monsoon System (1)
- South American monsoon system (1)
- South Asian diaspora (1)
- South Central Andes (1)
- Spatial distribution (1)
- Spatial frequencies (1)
- Spatial memory (1)
- Spatio-temporal visualization (1)
- Speciation (1)
- Species co-existence (1)
- Species complex (1)
- Species-delimitation (1)
- Specific Language Impairment (1)
- Spectral theory of graphs (1)
- Spectrophotometry (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Speech production (1)
- Speech segmentation (1)
- Sphingolipids (1)
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate (1)
- Sphingosine kinase (1)
- Spike sequences (1)
- Spiro compounds (1)
- Sponge spicule (1)
- Sponges (1)
- Spreewald wetland (1)
- Stability selection (1)
- Stabilization (1)
- Stable isotopes (1)
- Stable water isotopes (1)
- Stage-based model (1)
- Stalagmite (1)
- Standard German (1)
- Staphylococcus aureus (1)
- Starch granule (1)
- Starch metabolism (1)
- Starch synthase (1)
- Stars: atmospheres early type (1)
- Stars: mass-loss (1)
- Stars: winds (1)
- Start-up subsidies (1)
- Stationarity (1)
- Statistical downscaling (1)
- Statistical learning (1)
- Stellar winds (1)
- Stereochemistry (1)
- Stochastic differential games (1)
- Stream network (1)
- Stress (1)
- Stress field (1)
- Stress pattern (1)
- Strong crossover (1)
- Strong motion (1)
- Strontium (1)
- Strontium isotope stratigraphy (1)
- Structural breaks (1)
- Structural change (1)
- Structural inheritance (1)
- Structural properties (1)
- Structural shift (1)
- Structure elucidation (1)
- Structured population model (1)
- Student retention (1)
- Stumbling (1)
- Styling (1)
- Sub-national (1)
- Subaltemity (1)
- Sublimation with good yield (1)
- Suicide (1)
- Sulfate (1)
- Sulfonamides (1)
- Summer and winter temperature (1)
- Sun: activity (1)
- Sun: atmosphere (1)
- Sun: chromosphere (1)
- Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) (1)
- Sun: filaments (1)
- Sun: filaments, pominences (1)
- Sun: sunspots (1)
- Supreme audit institutions (1)
- Surface chemistry (1)
- Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Surface removal (1)
- Surface-wave methods (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Survival (1)
- Survival analysis (1)
- Suspended sediment (1)
- Suspended sediment transport (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Sutlej River (1)
- Svalbard (1)
- Swarm constellation (1)
- Syllabic tone (1)
- Symplectic manifold (1)
- Synchrotron X-ray (1)
- Synchrotron radiation XPS (1)
- Synchrotron tomography (1)
- Synthesis and processing (1)
- Synthetic biology (1)
- Synthetic methods (1)
- Syria (1)
- System on chip (1)
- Systematics (1)
- TIN (1)
- TMR (1)
- TRMM (1)
- TSNMRS (1)
- Tablet computer (1)
- Tadpoles (1)
- Talbot-Lau interferometry (1)
- Talik (1)
- Tananao Complex (1)
- Taranaki Basin (1)
- Target enrichment (1)
- Task values (1)
- Tauride (1)
- Taurus petroleum system (1)
- Tautomerism (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Teacher Beliefs (1)
- Teacher Perceptions (1)
- Teacher Professionalization (1)
- Teacher attitudes (1)
- Teacher background (1)
- Teacher judgments (1)
- Teaching Quality (1)
- Technical enzymes (1)
- Technology (1)
- Technology enhanced learning (1)
- Temperature time series (1)
- Temperature-memory effect (1)
- Temporal clustering (1)
- Temporal dynamics (1)
- Temporal event knowledge (1)
- Terrain rendering (1)
- Terrestrial Si cycle (1)
- Testate amoeba shell (1)
- Testing restrictions (1)
- Tetrapyrroles (1)
- Th17 (1)
- Th2 cells (1)
- The Netherlands (1)
- Theory (1)
- Therapeutic alliance (1)
- Therapist adherence (1)
- Therapist competence (1)
- Thermal and nonthermal treatment (1)
- Thermo-sensitive tracers (1)
- Thermodynamics of adsorption (1)
- Thermoerosion (1)
- Thermomechanical history (1)
- Thermosensitivity (1)
- Thienopyridine (1)
- Thio-arsenosugar-glycerol (1)
- Thio-dimethylarsinic acid (1)
- Thiol (1)
- Thiol-dependent peroxidase (1)
- Thiomersal (1)
- Thioredoxin (1)
- Thlaspi perfoliatum (1)
- Three-space theory (1)
- Tilt angles (1)
- Time series data (1)
- Time-dependent demand elasticities (1)
- Time-lag effects (1)
- Time-series analysis (1)
- Timing errors (1)
- Toba eruption (1)
- Toba volcanic eruption (1)
- Tolerance (1)
- Tourmaline (1)
- Toxicokinetics (1)
- Trace element geochemistry (1)
- Trace elements (1)
- Traineeprogramm (1)
- Training (1)
- Training volume (1)
- Trait heterogeneity (1)
- Trait-based approach (1)
- Trajectory visualization (1)
- TransArea Studies (1)
- Transbaikalia (1)
- Transcription (1)
- Transcription factors (1)
- Transfer (1)
- Transfer function (1)
- Transhimalaya (1)
- Transient faults (1)
- Translation (1)
- Transmembrane protein (1)
- Transplantation (1)
- Treadmill ergometry (1)
- Treadmill walking (1)
- Treatment effects (1)
- Treaty of Versailles (1)
- Tree line (1)
- Tremp basin (1)
- Trend analysis (1)
- Tres (1)
- Triticum aestivum L. (1)
- Trochaic Law (1)
- Tropical forest (1)
- Tropics (1)
- Trunk kinematics (1)
- Tso Moriri Lake (1)
- Tubular network structure (1)
- Tundra (1)
- Tundra-taiga ecotone (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Twisted double bonds (1)
- Twister (TM) (1)
- Two-dimensional separations (1)
- Tyrosinase (1)
- UAV (1)
- UHP edogites and felsic gneisses (1)
- UN (1)
- UNESCO (1)
- URM (1)
- Understanding (1)
- Unemployment duration (1)
- Ungauged catchments (1)
- Unrestricted race model (1)
- Updating (1)
- Upper Cretaceous (1)
- Urban dialects (1)
- Urban energy (1)
- Urban sprawl (1)
- Urine excretion (1)
- Ursus arctos (1)
- Ursus spelaeus (1)
- V-s profiles (1)
- V-s,V-30 (1)
- VI (1)
- Valley fill (1)
- Van Allen Probes (1)
- Variability (1)
- Variable resolution (1)
- Variable selection (1)
- Vascular plants (1)
- Vastus lateralis (1)
- Vastus medialis (1)
- Vegetation (1)
- Vegetation change (1)
- Vegetation continuum (1)
- Vegetation greening (1)
- Venice (1)
- Venus, surface (1)
- Verb retrieval (1)
- Verbal memory (1)
- Verbs (1)
- Verification (1)
- Versorgungsaufwandig (1)
- Vertical pollen dispersal and deposition (1)
- Very low birth weight infant (1)
- Vibrio cholerae (1)
- Victim-bullies of violence (1)
- Victimization (1)
- Video games (1)
- VideoScan technology (1)
- Vietnam (1)
- Violence (1)
- Violence at school (1)
- Violence prevention (1)
- Virtual active seismic (1)
- Virtual environments (1)
- Visual analytics (1)
- Visual attention (1)
- Visual fixation (1)
- Visual scanpath (1)
- Visualization model (1)
- Visuospatial reasoning (1)
- Vitamin A supplementation (1)
- Vitellogenin (1)
- Viverridae (1)
- Voice break (1)
- Volcanic disturbances (1)
- Voltage-gated sodium channel (1)
- Vulnerability (1)
- Vulnerability mapping (1)
- WA-PLS (1)
- WAXS (1)
- WGHM (1)
- Wages (1)
- Walking speed (1)
- Wall paintings (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Water balance (1)
- Water distribution systems (1)
- Water quality (1)
- Water storage (1)
- Water transport (1)
- Water/air interface (1)
- Wave propagation (1)
- Wave resonance (1)
- Wavelet power spectrum (1)
- Weak crossover (1)
- Weather radar (1)
- Weight (1)
- Weight stigma (1)
- Wh-questions (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- Wilhelm von Humboldt (1)
- Wireworms (1)
- Woody coverage (1)
- Word frequency (1)
- Word order (1)
- Work ability (1)
- Work perception (1)
- Work-anxiety (1)
- Work-oriented interventions (1)
- X site occupancy (1)
- X-ray (1)
- X-ray Raman scattering (1)
- X-ray emission spectra (1)
- X-ray fluorescence (1)
- X-ray mu CT (1)
- X-ray refraction (1)
- XMCD (1)
- XRF (1)
- Xylanase (1)
- Y-aromaticity (1)
- YME1L1 (1)
- Yale Food Addiction Scale (1)
- Yamabe operator (1)
- Young adulthood (1)
- Young athletes (1)
- Yttria stabilized zirconia (1)
- Yttria stabilized zirconia multilayers (1)
- Yuli belt (1)
- Zanskar (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zircon U-Pb age (1)
- Zoosporic fungi (1)
- ab initio calculations (1)
- abiotic soil factors (1)
- acI-B in Actinobacteria (1)
- acceleration (1)
- acceptance (1)
- acceptance process (1)
- accountability (1)
- accretion, accretion disks (1)
- achievement motive (1)
- achilles and patellar tendon (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- acids (1)
- acoustic telemetry (1)
- action theory (1)
- activated urethane derivatives (1)
- active transport (1)
- actuation (1)
- adaption measure (1)
- administrative reform (1)
- adolescence (1)
- adsorption (1)
- adsorption kinetics (1)
- advective-diffusive codes (1)
- aeolian (1)
- aggregation (1)
- aggressive peers (1)
- agility (1)
- agriculture (1)
- albuminuria (1)
- aldehydes (1)
- alkyl nitrates (1)
- allometry (1)
- alluvial-fan sedimentation (1)
- allyl alcohols (1)
- alpha-SMA (1)
- altenuic acid (1)
- alternative-set semantics (1)
- altertoxins (1)
- ambiguity (1)
- amplitude (1)
- amygdala (1)
- amyloid precursor protein (1)
- amyloid precursor-like protein (1)
- anaphor resolution (1)
- ancient DNA (1)
- anger (1)
- angiotensin receptor blockers (1)
- animal model (1)
- animations (1)
- annual plant communities (1)
- anorexia nervosa (1)
- anthropogenic admixture (1)
- anthropogenic exploitation (1)
- anthropologische Wende (1)
- anthropometry (1)
- anti-Judaism (1)
- anti-Semitism (1)
- anti-Stokes resonant x-ray raman scattering (1)
- anticipatory eye movements (1)
- antidepressant therapy (1)
- antidepressants (1)
- antidoping (1)
- antipsychotics (1)
- antropologie (1)
- anxiety disorders (1)
- apatite fission-track thermochronology (1)
- apatite helium thermochronology (1)
- aphasia (1)
- aphasia treatment (1)
- applicant reactions (1)
- approximate differentiability (1)
- aquatic fungi (1)
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1)
- arenes (1)
- arms race (1)
- arsenious acid (1)
- asexual reproduction (1)
- assemblies (1)
- astrobiology (1)
- astrochemistry (1)
- astroparticle physics (1)
- asynchronous video interviewing (1)
- athlete. (1)
- atomic data (1)
- atomic force microscopy (1)
- atomic force microscopy (AFM) (1)
- atomtronics (1)
- attentional demand (1)
- attenuation (1)
- attitudes towards sexual coercion (1)
- attitudinal transects (1)
- autonomous pathway (1)
- azobenzene containing surfactants (1)
- bacterial swimming (1)
- ball speed (1)
- bank vole (1)
- bare local expressions (1)
- basin analysis (1)
- battlefield tourism (1)
- beliefs (1)
- bending stiffness (1)
- benefits (1)
- benthic food web (1)
- benthos (1)
- bentonite (1)
- berylium-10 (1)
- bet hedging (1)
- beta-carotene (1)
- bi-photons (1)
- bicameralism (1)
- bifurcation (1)
- bilateral asymmetry (1)
- bilinguals (1)
- binaries: close (1)
- binaries: symbiotic (1)
- binaries: visual (1)
- binding (1)
- bio-inspired (1)
- bio-power (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- biodegradable polymers (1)
- biodiversity assessment (1)
- biodiversity ecosystem functioning (BEF) (1)
- bioelectrocatalysis (1)
- biofilm (1)
- biogeochemistry (1)
- bioindicators (1)
- biological pest control (1)
- biomanipulation (1)
- biomass (1)
- biomass allocation (1)
- biomaterial (1)
- biosensor (1)
- biosorption (1)
- biosynthesis (1)
- biosynthetic fractionation (1)
- black hole physics (1)
- block copolymers (1)
- blood glucose (1)
- blue stragglers (1)
- body height (1)
- body-mass index (1)
- bonding transition (1)
- bone tissue engineering (1)
- bottom-up (1)
- boundary value problems (1)
- brackish marsh (1)
- branched GDGTs (1)
- brushes (1)
- brushite (1)
- bulimia nervosa (1)
- bullying in schools (1)
- c. elegans (1)
- cadmium (1)
- calcium phosphate (1)
- capacitive sensors (1)
- carbohydrate derivatives (1)
- carbohydrate derivatives (1)
- carbon acquisition (1)
- carbon budget (1)
- carbon export (1)
- carbon fluxes (1)
- carbonatites (1)
- carboxyanhydrides (1)
- cardiac rehabilitation (1)
- cardiorespiratory fitness (1)
- cardiovascular disease (1)
- cardiovascular diseases (1)
- cardiovascular implant (1)
- cartography (1)
- cattle grazing (1)
- causal perspectives (1)
- causes of effects (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell wall deficient mutant (1)
- cells (1)
- cellular uptake (1)
- cellulose (1)
- cellulose fibers (1)
- ceramide (1)
- chain mobility (1)
- change of direction (1)
- chaos (1)
- chaotic neural dynamics (1)
- characterization of point processes (1)
- charge accumulation (1)
- charge carrier transport (1)
- charge transfer (1)
- child care (1)
- childhood (1)
- childhood obesity (1)
- chlorophyll fluorescence (1)
- cholesteric phase (1)
- chromatin (1)
- chromenes (1)
- chromophores (1)
- chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1)
- cis-regulatory evolution (1)
- cities (1)
- civet oil (1)
- civil war (1)
- claridad (1)
- clarity (1)
- click triazoles (1)
- climate change policy (1)
- climate extremes (1)
- climate instability (1)
- climate manipulation (1)
- climate policy (1)
- climate regime (1)
- clone (1)
- cloud service (1)
- cloud storage (1)
- co-limitation (1)
- co-ordination (1)
- co-worker support (1)
- coarea formula (1)
- coastal erosion (1)
- coevolution (1)
- cognitive enhancement (1)
- cognitive function (1)
- cognitive linguistics (1)
- cognitive performance (1)
- cognitive psychology (1)
- cognitive-behavioral therapy (1)
- cognitive-behavioural therapy (1)
- coherence (1)
- collection types (1)
- collective dynamics (1)
- collective violence (1)
- colloidal aggregation (1)
- colony organization (1)
- comb-like model (1)
- combined task and motion planning (1)
- common species (1)
- community ecology (1)
- community effect on height (1)
- comparative subclauses (1)
- comparison (1)
- competition (1)
- competitive inhibition (1)
- complementisers (1)
- complex care (1)
- complex food webs (1)
- complex predicates (1)
- complex words (1)
- compliance (1)
- composite material (1)
- composition of terms (1)
- computational modeling (1)
- computational morphodynamics (1)
- computer-based training (1)
- conduction (1)
- conductivity (1)
- confidentiality (1)
- conflict knowledge (1)
- conjugate gradient (1)
- connectivity (1)
- cononsolvency (1)
- conservation laws (1)
- consistency (1)
- consonant bias (1)
- continuous glucose monitoring (1)
- continuous pasture (1)
- contrast (1)
- control beliefs (1)
- convective rainfall (1)
- coordination (1)
- coordination transformation (1)
- coping styles (1)
- copolymers (1)
- copy numbers (1)
- coregistration (1)
- coronal mass ejections (CMEs) (1)
- corpus analysis (1)
- corpus linguistics (1)
- cortical network models (1)
- cortical oscillations (1)
- cortisol (1)
- cosmic ray theory (1)
- cosmic rays (1)
- cosmogenic nuclides (1)
- cosmology: observations (1)
- coumarins (1)
- coupled oscillators (1)
- creative industries (1)
- critical meteorological condition (1)
- critical period (1)
- cross-linguistic differences (1)
- cross-modal generalisation (1)
- cross-sectional heterogeneity (1)
- crosslinking (1)
- crowded fluids (1)
- crowdsourcing (1)
- crown compounds (1)
- crustaceans (1)
- crustal anatexis (1)
- cryostratigraphy (1)
- crystal structures (1)
- crystalline ordering (1)
- culture (1)
- current voltage analysis (1)
- curvature varifold (1)
- cyanobacteria (1)
- cyclooligomers (1)
- cytokines (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- dark matter theory (1)
- data security (1)
- database (1)
- de-concentration (1)
- decomposition (1)
- deep biosphere (1)
- deep sequencing (1)
- defence (1)
- defendant liability (1)
- defense (1)
- degraded DNA (1)
- demographic history (1)
- dendrometer measurements (1)
- density functional calculations (1)
- density-functional theory (1)
- depression therapy (1)
- derivation (1)
- deuterium (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- development process (1)
- developmental dyslexia (1)
- diabetes (1)
- diagnostic (1)
- dialogue (1)
- diamond anvil cell (1)
- diaptomid copepods (1)
- diary study (1)
- dielectric properties (1)
- dienes (1)
- differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (1)
- diffusion model (1)
- digging-in effects (1)
- digital elevation model (1)
- digital terrain model (1)
- direct electron transfer (1)
- direct georeferencing (1)
- disabilities (1)
- disability (1)
- discontinuous migration (1)
- discourse accessibility (1)
- discourse-linking (1)
- discrete spectrum (1)
- disease (1)
- display size effect (1)
- dissociative electron attachment (1)
- distance scale (1)
- distributional boundary (1)
- ditch irrigation (1)
- diurnal rhythm (1)
- divorce (1)
- domain memory in polymer brushes (1)
- dominance effects (1)
- drug carrier system (1)
- drug design (1)
- drug instrumentalization (1)
- drug metabolism (1)
- dyadic coping (1)
- dynamic (1)
- dynamic topography (1)
- dynamic typing (1)
- eNOS (1)
- early warning (1)
- eastern Mediterranean (1)
- eco-evolutionary dynamics (1)
- ecological efficiency (1)
- ecological indication (1)
- economic progress (1)
- ecosystem processes (1)
- educational implementation research (1)
- effect evaluation (1)
- effect of alkyl side chains (1)
- effectiveness (1)
- effects of causes (1)
- efficiency (1)
- egg yolk (1)
- eigenvalue asymptotics (1)
- elastomers (1)
- elbow breadth (1)
- electric field noise (1)
- electromyography (1)
- electron number density (1)
- electronic structure (1)
- electrospinning (1)
- electrostatics (1)
- elektrochemische Abscheidung (1)
- elektrochemische Zelle (1)
- elektrochrome Schicht (1)
- elicited production (1)
- elimination (1)
- ellipsometric mapping (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- emergency response (1)
- emotional intelligence (1)
- entanglement (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- entropy (1)
- environmental adversity (1)
- environmental factor (1)
- environmental fluctuations (1)
- environmental remediation (1)
- environmental trigger (1)
- enzymatic degradation (1)
- enzyme bioelectrocatalysis (1)
- enzyme catalysis (1)
- epigenetics (1)
- error latency (1)
- essential position in terms (1)
- ethnic orientation (1)
- eusociality (1)
- evaluative study (1)
- evapotranspiration (1)
- event coincidence analysis (1)
- everyday task (1)
- evidentiality (1)
- evolution (1)
- evolutionary history (1)
- excited state selectivity (1)
- executive-legislative relations (1)
- exercise (1)
- exercise tests (1)
- exit calculus (1)
- expectation (1)
- experimental design (1)
- experiments (1)
- expert survey (1)
- explosives (1)
- extinctions (1)
- extraterrestrial intelligence (1)
- extreme events (1)
- eye movements (1)
- eye tracking (1)
- eyes (1)
- facilitation (1)
- fallout radionuclides (1)
- fatty acid changes (1)
- fatty liver (1)
- fault linkage (1)
- federalism (1)
- femtosecond slicing (1)
- fens (1)
- ferroelectric polymer (1)
- field trips (1)
- field-effect-transistor (1)
- films (1)
- filosofía de la naturaleza (1)
- filtration rate (1)
- finite element modeling (1)
- finiteness (1)
- first arrival (1)
- first language acquisition (1)
- first passage (1)
- first passage process (1)
- fish migration (1)
- fitness (1)
- fixation location (1)
- flight (1)
- flight efficiency (1)
- flood damage (1)
- flood loss (1)
- flood risk management (1)
- floods (1)
- flow velocity (1)
- flowering time (1)
- fluctuating selection (1)
- fluctuation dissipation (1)
- fluctuation-dissipation theorem (1)
- fludarabine (1)
- fluorescence (1)
- fluorescence anisotropy (1)
- fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (1)
- fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (1)
- fluorescent dyemonomers (1)
- fluvial (1)
- fluvial terrace (1)
- fluvial terraces (1)
- focus particles (1)
- food addiction (1)
- food security (1)
- force-field (1)
- forces (1)
- forecasting (1)
- frameshifting (1)
- free association (1)
- free electron lasers (1)
- free shear layers (1)
- free to play (1)
- freedom (1)
- french-learning infants (1)
- frequency (1)
- frequency analysis (1)
- frequency spectrum (1)
- freshwater algae (1)
- freshwater ostracods (1)
- fronts (1)
- frustration (1)
- functional traits (1)
- fungal diversity (1)
- g-quadruplex (1)
- gait analysis (1)
- galaxies: ISM (1)
- galaxies: abundances (1)
- galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium (1)
- galaxies: halos (1)
- galaxies: high-redshift (1)
- galaxies: individual: 1ES 1741+196=VER J1744+195 (1)
- galaxies: individual: SMC (1)
- galaxies: jets (1)
- galaxies: star clusters: general (1)
- game studies (1)
- gameplay (1)
- garnet (1)
- gas permeation (1)
- gender (1)
- gene knock-out (1)
- generalised Langevin equation (1)
- generalists (1)
- generalized linear model (1)
- generating sets (1)
- genomic DNA conformation (1)
- geodesic distance (1)
- geomorphology (1)
- german-learning infants (1)
- gibberellin (1)
- glass transition temperature (1)
- glasses (1)
- global jets (1)
- global negotiations (1)
- globular clusters: individual: (SMASH 1) (1)
- globular clusters: individual: 47 Tucanae (1)
- governance (1)
- grade-skipping (1)
- gradients (1)
- grammatical role (1)
- graph games (1)
- graphene (1)
- grassland (1)
- great powers (1)
- groundwater level (1)
- groundwater surface water interaction (1)
- group cohesion (1)
- group field theory (1)
- group therapy (1)
- grouping (1)
- growth control (1)
- growth response (1)
- habitat specificity (1)
- habitus (1)
- hafnium analysis (1)
- hafnon (1)
- halo (1)
- handedness (1)
- handling effect (1)
- hard core interaction (1)
- health behaviors (1)
- heartbeat (1)
- heat diffusion (1)
- heat shock transcription factor (1)
- heavy metals (1)
- heavy rainfall (1)
- helical magnetic fields (1)
- hemocompatibility (1)
- heritage speakers (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- heterogeneity in soil hydraulic properties (1)
- hierarchical modular networks (1)
- high pressure and temperature (1)
- high pressure research (1)
- high temporal resolution (1)
- high-frequency sensors (1)
- high-level synthesis (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- historic growth studies (1)
- historical demography (1)
- hole array (1)
- homing (1)
- hospital referral (1)
- host-virus (1)
- hostile attribution bias (1)
- hsp-70 (1)
- human Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (1)
- human condition (1)
- human expressivity (1)
- human monocytic (THP-1) cells (1)
- human performance (1)
- human-environment system (1)
- human-machine interaction (1)
- hyaluronic acid (1)
- hybrid capture (1)
- hybrid terrain model (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hybridization capture (1)
- hydraulic conductivity (1)
- hydrogel (1)
- hydrogen peroxide (1)
- hydrogen stable isotopes (1)
- hydrogenase (1)
- hydrophobic uremic toxins (1)
- hydroyxapatite (1)
- hyper spectral (1)
- iCheck (1)
- iambic-trochaic law (1)
- idea evaluation (1)
- identity (1)
- identity hypothesis (1)
- ideologies (1)
- illness anxiety disorder (1)
- imageability (1)
- immigrants (1)
- immobilization (1)
- immunoblot (1)
- impact assessment (1)
- impedance spectroscopy (1)
- impoundment rate (1)
- impulsivity (1)
- in situ fluorescence microscopy (1)
- in situ stress (1)
- inclusion and exclusion (1)
- incremental reform (1)
- independent splittings (1)
- index (1)
- indigenous people (1)
- individual differences (1)
- indole alkaloids (1)
- industrialization (1)
- industry study (1)
- inelastic X-ray scattering (1)
- inequality (1)
- infants (1)
- infectivity (1)
- inflammation (1)
- inflation perception (1)
- information technology (1)
- infrared: galaxies (1)
- infrared: stars (1)
- inner magnetosphere (1)
- inner radiation zone and slot region (1)
- innovation (1)
- inorganic carbon uptake kinetics (1)
- instability control (1)
- institutional reform (1)
- insulin (1)
- integrability (1)
- intellectual disability (1)
- interaction potential (1)
- interference (1)
- interference control (1)
- interpersonal behavior (1)
- interpersonal relationships (1)
- intervention (1)
- intracellular pH indicator (1)
- intraspecific variation (1)
- intrinsic neuronal diversity (1)
- introgression (1)
- intronic cis-regulatory element (1)
- invasive species (1)
- inverse micelles (1)
- inversion (1)
- inversión (1)
- ion mobility spectrometry (1)
- ion trap (1)
- ionic conductivity (1)
- ionogels (1)
- ionosphere (1)
- irregular firing activity (1)
- irrigation runoff (1)
- isoperimetric estimates (1)
- isotopes (1)
- jump height (1)
- jump performances (1)
- jump/sprint exercises (1)
- jumping (1)
- jumps (1)
- juvenile mortality (1)
- kardiologische Rehabilitation (1)
- ketones (1)
- kin selection (1)
- kinematic trunk model (1)
- kinetic instabilities (1)
- kink instability (1)
- knowledge for living (1)
- label noise (1)
- lacustrine primary productivity (LPP) (1)
- lake ecosystem (1)
- lamin (1)
- land restoration; NDVI (1)
- land use (1)
- land use impact (1)
- landscape connectivity (1)
- landslides (1)
- language comprehension (1)
- last glacial maximum (1)
- late Quaternary (1)
- late bilinguals (1)
- laterality (1)
- layer-by-layer (1)
- leaf water evaporative H-2-enrichment (1)
- leaf wax delta D (1)
- leaf wax n-alkanes (1)
- leaf-wax n-alkane delta D (1)
- leakage (1)
- left handers (1)
- lexical decision task (1)
- lexical development (1)
- lexical stress (1)
- liberalism (1)
- life history (1)
- life stress (1)
- life-span (1)
- lifestyles (1)
- light adaptation (1)
- light driven reversible change of surface topography and thickness (1)
- liminality (1)
- line: identification (1)
- line: profiles (1)
- linear assemblies (1)
- linear hyperidentity (1)
- linear hypersubstitution (1)
- linear identity (1)
- linear mixed models (1)
- linear response theory (1)
- linear term (1)
- lipid classes (1)
- lipid-binding protein (1)
- liquid crystal (1)
- liquid crystal alignment (1)
- liquid crystal polymer (1)
- liquid crystalline polymer (1)
- liquid structure (1)
- literaturas del mundo (1)
- literatures of the world (1)
- lithography (1)
- liver metabolism (1)
- living collections management (1)
- load carriage (1)
- local time (1)
- longitudinal (1)
- low temperature (1)
- lower critical solution temperature (1)
- lowland fen (1)
- luminescence (1)
- lutein (1)
- macrocyclic compounds (1)
- macrophage (1)
- macroporous ITO electrodes (1)
- magnetic fields (1)
- manipulation planning (1)
- mantle plume (1)
- marriage (1)
- mass spectrometry (1)
- mass wasting (1)
- mathematics (1)
- mathematics instruction (1)
- mating (1)
- matrix metalloproteinases (1)
- meadow (1)
- mean squared displacement (1)
- measurement (1)
- mechanical pressure (1)
- mechanical properties (1)
- mechanical turk (1)
- mechanism (1)
- medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (1)
- medicinal mushrooms (1)
- melt (1)
- melt inclusions (1)
- melt inclusions; nanocarbonatites (1)
- melt-recrystallization (1)
- melts (1)
- memory (1)
- memory optimization (1)
- memory retrieval (1)
- menadione (1)
- mental health (1)
- metabarcoding (1)
- metabolic syndrome (1)
- metabolism (1)
- metal-organic frameworks (1)
- meteorological extremes (1)
- microbial activity (1)
- microcystin (1)
- microelectrode (1)
- microgel (1)
- microgels (1)
- microparticles (1)
- microsaccades (1)
- microstructure (1)
- microtubules (1)
- microviridins (1)
- mid-latitudes flow (1)
- migration (1)
- mineral mapping (1)
- minerals (1)
- minimax convergence rates (1)
- minority groups (1)
- mire (1)
- mitigation (1)
- mitochondrial fragmentation (1)
- mitochondriopathy (1)
- mitogenomes (1)
- mixing costs (1)
- mixture proportion estimation (1)
- modal analysis (1)
- modeling guidelines (1)
- modified Alternaria toxins (1)
- molecular doping (1)
- molecular dynamics (1)
- molecular evolution (1)
- molecular modeling (1)
- molecular thermometers (1)
- molecularly imprinted polymers (1)
- monsoon (1)
- mood disorders (1)
- moral disgust sensitivity (1)
- moral literature (1)
- morphological adaptation (1)
- morphological decomposition (1)
- morphological evolution (1)
- morphology (1)
- morphosyntax (1)
- motivation (1)
- mountains near cities (1)
- movement preparation (1)
- mtDNA (1)
- mu CT imaging (1)
- multiblock copolymer (1)
- multilevel Monte Carlo (1)
- multimorbidity (1)
- multiparameter (1)
- multiperspectival writing (1)
- multiphoton processes (1)
- multiple-pest infestation (1)
- multiprocessor (1)
- multiresolution (1)
- multisensor (1)
- multispectral (1)
- multitrophic (1)
- multivariate modelling (1)
- multiyear drought (1)
- muscle fiber conduction velocity (1)
- musculoskeletal (1)
- music (1)
- musicality (1)
- mycotoxin profile (1)
- n-Alkanes (1)
- n-acetyl-cysteine (1)
- nanogranite (1)
- nanogranites (1)
- nanoimprint (1)
- nanoreactor (1)
- naphthalimide (1)
- narrative speech (1)
- natural hazard management (1)
- natural order (1)
- natural products (1)
- natural resource management (1)
- negative polarity (1)
- negativity (1)
- neo-liberalism (1)
- neotypification (1)
- nephrocystins (1)
- nephronophthisis (1)
- nephropathia epidemica (1)
- network (1)
- neural networks (1)
- neuronal adhesion (1)
- new technology (1)
- next generation sequencing (1)
- next-generation sequencing (1)
- niche shifts (1)
- nineteenth century (1)
- noise in biochemical signalling (1)
- non-academic capacity development (1)
- non-addictive behavior (1)
- non-local field theory (1)
- nonlinear microscopy (1)
- nonmodel species (1)
- normal reflection (1)
- normal-fault evolution (1)
- nouns (1)
- nuclear lamina (1)
- nucleolus (1)
- nucleus (1)
- nucleus accumbens (1)
- number and brightness (1)
- numerical development (1)
- numerical distance effect (1)
- numerical models (1)
- numerical schemes (1)
- nurse plant (1)
- nutrient limitation (1)
- occupational therapists (1)
- occupational therapy (1)
- oceanic lithosphere (1)
- olefination (1)
- on-site visits (1)
- online research (1)
- online sentence processing (1)
- open innovation (1)
- open innovation capabilities (1)
- open innovation participation (1)
- operant behavior (1)
- operator valued symbols (1)
- optic atrophy (1)
- optical manipulation (1)
- optical pump (1)
- optically stimulated luminescence (1)
- optimal transport (1)
- optimization (1)
- orden natural (1)
- order transition (1)
- organic farming (1)
- organic semiconductors (1)
- organic solar cells (1)
- organic-inorganic composite material (1)
- orientation course (1)
- orientation of azobenzenes in polymer brushes (1)
- oroclinal bending (1)
- orogenic processes (1)
- orogenic wedge (1)
- orographic barrier uplift (1)
- oscillator populations (1)
- osteoporosis (1)
- outbreak (1)
- outflows (1)
- overtness (1)
- overweight children (1)
- oxidation state (1)
- oxygen reduction reaction (1)
- p-Laplace equation (1)
- pH-dependent electrochemistry (1)
- pH-drift (1)
- pH-sensitive liposome (1)
- pH-sensitive nanoparticles (1)
- palaeoenvironmental reconstruction (1)
- paleo-erosion rate (1)
- paleoaltimetry (1)
- paleoaltimetry proxies (1)
- paleogenetics (1)
- paper (1)
- parafoveal (1)
- parametric georeferencing (1)
- parental care (1)
- parental racial-ethnic socialization (1)
- parenthetic verbs (1)
- parents’ beliefs (1)
- parent–child conversations (1)
- parliamentarians (1)
- partial clone (1)
- partial least squares (1)
- partial melting (1)
- participatory ecological-economic modelling (1)
- participatory research (1)
- particle physics - cosmology connection (1)
- particle size (1)
- particle-in-cell simulations (1)
- pastorale Liebeserzählung (1)
- patched vegetation cover (1)
- patterned ground (1)
- peacebuilding (1)
- peak height velocity (1)
- pelagic food web (1)
- peptides (1)
- perceived stress (1)
- perception (1)
- perception and action (1)
- perceptual biases (1)
- perceptual deviation (1)
- performance budget (1)
- performance information use (1)
- performance management (1)
- performance measurement (1)
- perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (1)
- peritectic phase (1)
- persistence (1)
- personality disorders (1)
- personality traits (1)
- perturbation theory (1)
- phase grating (1)
- phase separation (1)
- phenols (1)
- phonological awareness (1)
- phosgene-free synthesis (1)
- phosphatases (1)
- phosphate limitation (1)
- photocontrol (1)
- photofragmentation (1)
- photoionization (1)
- photonic wires (1)
- photophysics (1)
- photoreceptor (1)
- photosensitive brushes (1)
- photosensitive surfactants (1)
- photosynthesis (1)
- photosynthesis response (1)
- phototunable optical properties (1)
- phylogeny (1)
- phylogeography (1)
- physical aggression (1)
- physical attractiveness (1)
- physical stratigraphy (1)
- physics education (1)
- pi-Electron delocalization (1)
- picture naming (1)
- pictures (1)
- pink1 (1)
- pinniped (1)
- pioneer zone (1)
- pirate modernity (1)
- planetary nebulae: general (1)
- planets and satellites: fundamental parameters (1)
- planets and satellites: individual: Jupiter (1)
- plankton (1)
- plant cell wall (1)
- plant community (1)
- plant development (1)
- plant functional traits (1)
- plant growth (1)
- plant invasion (1)
- plant productivity (1)
- plant species richness (1)
- plant synthetic biology (1)
- plant volatiles (1)
- plant wax biomarker (1)
- plant-pathogen interaction (1)
- plant-soil (belowground) interactions (1)
- plant-soil interaction (1)
- plantar fascia (1)
- plantar pressure distribution (1)
- plasmaspheric hiss (1)
- plasticity (1)
- plate tectonics (1)
- platelet activation (1)
- platelet adhesion (1)
- platelets (1)
- play theory (1)
- pluvial floods (1)
- political equality (1)
- pollen accumulation rates (1)
- pollen morphology (1)
- poly(2-ethyl-2oxazoline) (1)
- poly(A) polymerase (1)
- poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (1)
- poly(dimethylsiloxane) (1)
- poly(ether imide) (1)
- poly(ether imide) microparticles (1)
- poly(ethylene glycol) (1)
- polyadenylation (1)
- polyamine (1)
- polyammonium salt (1)
- polycarboxylate (1)
- polydomy (1)
- polyester (1)
- polylogical philology (1)
- polylysine (1)
- polymer crystallization (1)
- polymer solutions (1)
- polymer-modified electrode (1)
- polymeric sensors (1)
- polypeptides (1)
- polypeptoids (1)
- polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (1)
- polyzwitterion (1)
- population structure (1)
- pornography (1)
- positional games (1)
- post-conflict peace (1)
- postcolonial critique (1)
- postural control (1)
- potassium (1)
- power (1)
- praxeology (1)
- pre-service teachers (1)
- precipitation (1)
- predator-prey model (1)
- prediction (1)
- predictors of outcome (1)
- preferences in land management (1)
- preparation time (1)
- preparedness (1)
- prepositions (1)
- preprocessing (1)
- prepubescent children (1)
- prevention (1)
- primary care (1)
- primary care practices (1)
- primary school (1)
- privacy (1)
- proactive aggression (1)
- probabilistic (1)
- probability density function (1)
- probe recognition task (1)
- process model quality (1)
- profiling buoys (1)
- proper motions (1)
- prosodic boundary cues (1)
- protecting groups (1)
- protein (1)
- protein adsorption (1)
- protein biosynthesis (1)
- protein pattern (1)
- protein trafficking (Golgi) (1)
- proteinuria (1)
- proteomic analysis (1)
- provocation sensitivity (1)
- psychiatric practices (1)
- psychoactive drugs (1)
- public good (1)
- public service delivery (1)
- pulsars: individual (PSR J1023+0038) (1)
- pump-probe (1)
- qPCR-based gene expression screening (1)
- qRT-PCR (1)
- qualitative methodologies (1)
- qualitative research (1)
- quality assurance (1)
- quality of life (1)
- quantitative precipitation estimation (1)
- quantitative research (1)
- quantitativity/qualitativity (1)
- quantum dots (1)
- quantum eraser (1)
- quantum optics (1)
- quasars: general (1)
- quasars: individual (SDSS J142253.31-000149) (1)
- quasars: individual (SDSS J213748+001220, SDSS J215200+062516) (1)
- quasi-periodic oscillation (1)
- racionalista (1)
- radiative transfer (1)
- railway transportation (1)
- rainfall (1)
- rainfall gradient (1)
- rainfall-runoff (1)
- rampage (1)
- random search process (1)
- random walk models (1)
- random walks (1)
- randomized strategy (1)
- rape (1)
- rape judgments (1)
- rape myth acceptance (1)
- rationalist (1)
- ray tracing (1)
- reactive aggression (1)
- reactive oxygen species (1)
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) (1)
- reading comprehension (1)
- reading instruction (1)
- reciprocal teaching (1)
- recognition (1)
- recombinant protein (1)
- recurrence (1)
- reed (1)
- referential choices (1)
- referring expressions (1)
- regional deformation (1)
- regioselectivity (1)
- register competence (1)
- regularization methods (1)
- rehabilitation potential (1)
- relapse in alcohol use disorder (1)
- relationships (1)
- relative clauses (1)
- relative isoperimetric inequality (1)
- relative ranks (1)
- relativistic jets (1)
- reliability (1)
- religion (1)
- religiosity (1)
- remanent polarisation (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- remotely sensed evapotranspiration (1)
- repertoire (1)
- reproducing kernel Hilbert space (1)
- reproductive investment (1)
- reproductive system (1)
- required minimum runoff (1)
- research design (1)
- reservoir (1)
- resilience (1)
- resistance (1)
- reskilling (1)
- resonance energy-transfer (1)
- resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (1)
- restricted range (1)
- retinal degeneration (1)
- return-to-work intention (1)
- reverse correlation (1)
- reversible constructions (1)
- reversible measure (1)
- reversible sentences (1)
- rhythmic grouping (1)
- rice (1)
- rigorous geocoding (1)
- ring closing metathesis (1)
- ring-opening polymerization (1)
- risk (1)
- risk management cycle (1)
- risks (1)
- role play (1)
- root hair initiation (1)
- root mean square roughness (1)
- root system (1)
- root traits (1)
- rotational diffusion (1)
- rotational pasture (1)
- rotifers (1)
- run-on (1)
- ruthenium (1)
- s-glutathionylation (1)
- saccadic amplitude (1)
- saccadic latency (1)
- savanna rangeland (1)
- scale (1)
- scaling (1)
- scanning electrochemical microscopy (1)
- scanning tunneling microscopy (1)
- school shooting (1)
- school violence (1)
- seasonal migration (1)
- second language acquisition (1)
- secondary metabolites (1)
- secular trend (1)
- sediment (1)
- sediment delivery processes (1)
- sediment source fingerprinting (1)
- seed exchange (1)
- seeding (1)
- selection (1)
- selective drug release (1)
- selective light reflection (1)
- self-assembled micelles (1)
- self-assembled monolayer (1)
- self-assembled monolayers (1)
- self-assessment tool (1)
- self-enhancement (1)
- self-organization (1)
- self-sustained activity (1)
- semantic aphasia (1)
- semi-parliamentarism (1)
- semiconducting polymers (1)
- semipermeable (1)
- sensitivity (1)
- sensor (1)
- sensor alignment (1)
- sensor fusion (1)
- sensorimotor bias (1)
- sensorimotor stereotype (1)
- sensors and actuators (1)
- sensory experience (1)
- sentence comprehension deficit (1)
- sentence comprehension deficits (1)
- sequence enrichment (1)
- sequential data assimilation (1)
- serial mediation (1)
- set theory (1)
- sexual victimisation (1)
- shape analysis (1)
- shape-memory effect (1)
- shape-persistent macrocycles (1)
- sharp threshold (1)
- shortening (1)
- sick leave (1)
- sickness absence (1)
- side effects (1)
- signal prevalence (1)
- simulation (1)
- single cell genomics (1)
- single parenthood (1)
- single-cell analysis (1)
- size structure (1)
- social acceptance (1)
- social and environmental administration (1)
- social and/or emotional development and adjustment (1)
- social cognition (1)
- social critique (1)
- social distance (1)
- social network analysis (1)
- social organization (1)
- social relations analyses (1)
- social signals (1)
- social valuation (1)
- sociality (1)
- sodium (1)
- soft-templating (1)
- software development (1)
- software engineering (1)
- soil aggregation (1)
- soil biota (1)
- soil landscape (1)
- soil moisture (1)
- soil moisture dynamics (1)
- solar wind (1)
- solid solution (1)
- solvatochromism (1)
- spaces of aid (1)
- spatial relations (1)
- special education (1)
- specialists (1)
- species distribution modelling (1)
- species diversity (1)
- specific developmental disorder (1)
- specific language impairment (1)
- specific root length (1)
- spectroscopic ellipsometry (1)
- speed (1)
- speed dating (1)
- sphingomyelin (1)
- spider silk (1)
- spin transition (1)
- sprints (1)
- stable isotopes (1)
- stable variety (1)
- standard Indonesian (1)
- standard deviation for height (1)
- standard values (1)
- standing variation; organ-specific evolution (1)
- star product (1)
- stars: Wolf (1)
- stars: emission-line, Be (1)
- stars: formation (1)
- stars: individual ( KIC 8462852) (1)
- stars: individual (LS I+61 degrees 303, VER J0240+612) (1)
- stars: individual (gamma Cassiopeiae) (1)
- stars: individual (zeta Oph, BD+43 degrees 3654) (1)
- stars: individual (zetaPup) (1)
- stars: individual: CPD-57 degrees 3509 (1)
- stars: individual: RE 0457-281 (1)
- stars: individual: RE 0503-289 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 102c (1)
- stars: individual: WR 134 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 137 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 138 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 6 (1)
- stars: jets (1)
- stars: kinematics and dynamics (1)
- stars: mass-loss (1)
- stars: neutron (1)
- stars: oscillations (1)
- stars: winds (1)
- statins (1)
- steepness index (1)
- stereotype (1)
- stereotype visualization (1)
- steric hindrance (1)
- stimuli-sensitive polymers (1)
- stochastic completeness (1)
- stochastic differential equations (1)
- stochastic models (1)
- stochastic processes (1)
- stoichiometry (1)
- stopping rules (1)
- strain field (1)
- strand breakage (1)
- strategic growth adjustment (1)
- strategic termination (1)
- stratification (1)
- strength training (1)
- stress (1)
- stress signalling (1)
- stress tolerance (1)
- stress-gradient hypothesis (1)
- stretch-shortening cycle (1)
- strong field (1)
- structured cantilever (1)
- student violence (1)
- study-test congruence (1)
- subduction initiation (1)
- subduction zone (1)
- subject-object asymmetry (1)
- substituent effects (1)
- subsurface chlorophyll maximum (1)
- succession (1)
- sudden stratosphere warming (1)
- sulfonated polyanilines (1)
- sulfotransferase (1)
- supergiants (1)
- supernovae: individual (G0.9+0.1) (1)
- supersymmetry and cosmology (1)
- surface deformation (1)
- surface electromyography (1)
- surface plasmon resonance (1)
- surface sealing (1)
- surface water flooding (1)
- surprisal (1)
- surrogate loss (1)
- switching costs (1)
- symbiosis (1)
- symbol grounding (1)
- symbolic boundaries (1)
- synchronization (1)
- synchrotron imaging (1)
- syntax (1)
- synthesis (1)
- synthetic biology (1)
- system-on-chip (1)
- systems (1)
- systems biology (1)
- tandem reaction (1)
- tannic acid (1)
- task requirements (1)
- taxonomy (1)
- teacher education (1)
- teacher knowledge (1)
- techniques: image processing (1)
- techniques: radial velocities (1)
- technology acceptance model (1)
- tectonics (1)
- teleconnections (1)
- telescopes (1)
- temperature (1)
- temperature increase (1)
- temporal effects (1)
- tendinopathy (1)
- tendon thickness (1)
- tephra (1)
- terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (1)
- terrestrial subsidy (1)
- terrorism (1)
- terrorist behavior (1)
- textbooks (1)
- theory test (1)
- thermo-responsive polymers (1)
- thermochronology (1)
- thermokarst lake dynamics (1)
- thermoregulation (1)
- thermoresponsive (1)
- thermoresponsive polymers (1)
- thick-skinned deformation (1)
- thin films (1)
- thiophenes (1)
- threat (1)
- thrombogenicity (1)
- time trends (1)
- time-dependent configuration interaction (1)
- time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (1)
- tin-rich ITO (1)
- tocopherol (1)
- trace (1)
- tracking (1)
- trade shocks (1)
- trade-off (1)
- training (1)
- training adaptation (1)
- training program (1)
- training teachers (1)
- trait anger (1)
- transcription (1)
- transcriptional memory (1)
- transculturality (1)
- transculturation (1)
- transfer effect (1)
- transformation semigroups (1)
- transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (1)
- transgenic plants (1)
- transient reporter gene assays (1)
- translation regulation (1)
- translational diffusion (1)
- transnational actors (1)
- transport (1)
- trench-parallel extension (1)
- trinucleotide repeat disease (1)
- tritium assay (1)
- tritrophic system (1)
- trophic interactions (1)
- tropical cyclones (1)
- trunk motion (1)
- tunneling (1)
- turbulence control (1)
- two visual systems (1)
- type 2 diabetes (1)
- ultimatum game (1)
- ultracold atoms (1)
- ultrafast X-ray diffraction (1)
- ultrafast photochemistry (1)
- ultrasonography (1)
- unc-119 homolog (C. elegans) (UNC119A) (1)
- uncertainty (1)
- unemployment perception (1)
- unipolar affective disorders (1)
- unqual power (1)
- up-down states (1)
- updating training (1)
- upper extremity (1)
- urban green spaces (1)
- urban riots (1)
- uremia (1)
- user types (1)
- vagueness (1)
- validation (1)
- variability (1)
- variogram (1)
- vascular calcification (1)
- vascular smooth muscle cells (1)
- vegetation (1)
- vegetation change (1)
- venom (1)
- vertical migration (1)
- violence in schools (1)
- virtual observatory tools (1)
- visibility (1)
- visions of democracy (1)
- visual perception (1)
- visual search (1)
- visualisation (1)
- volcanic glass (1)
- vínculo entre naturaleza y cultura (1)
- walking (1)
- water balance model (1)
- water budget (1)
- water demand (1)
- water fluxes (1)
- water management (1)
- water sample (1)
- water-limited environment (1)
- water-stable aggregates (1)
- weighted Sobolev spaces (1)
- welfare state (1)
- well-being (1)
- wet grassland (1)
- wet meadow (1)
- wetland (1)
- wh-questions (1)
- white dwarfs (1)
- white stork (1)
- whole Earth images (1)
- wild dromedary (1)
- wildfire (1)
- wildland conservation (1)
- winter fish kill (1)
- word segmentation (1)
- work anxieties (1)
- work anxiety (1)
- work-related coping (1)
- working memory (1)
- working memory capacity (1)
- workload (1)
- workplace (1)
- world and subject (1)
- xanthenes (1)
- xanthine dehydrogenase (1)
- yedoma (1)
- yellow Zea mays (1)
- ylides (1)
- yolk@shell materials (1)
- youth (1)
- youth athletes (1)
- youth soccer (1)
- youth sport (1)
- zeaxanthin (1)
- zinc (1)
- zircon (1)
- zircon U-Pb geochronology (1)
- zircon provenance (1)
- zooplankton (1)
- öffentlicher Sektor (1)
Institute
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (221)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (203)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (190)
- Institut für Chemie (156)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (49)
- Institut für Mathematik (48)
- Department Psychologie (43)
- Bürgerliches Recht (40)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (30)
- Department Linguistik (28)
The current financial reporting environment, with its increasing use of accounting estimates, including fair value estimates, suggests that unethical accounting estimates may be a growing concern. This paper provides explanations and empirical evidence for why some types of accounting estimates in financial reporting may promote a form of ethical blindness. These types of ethical blindness can have an escalating effect that corrupts not only an individual or organization but also the accounting profession and the public interest it serves. Ethical blindness in the standards of professional accountants may be a factor in the extent of misreporting, and may have taken on new urgency as a result of the proposals to change the conceptual framework for financial reporting using international standards. The social consequences for users of financial statements can be huge. The acquittal of former Nortel executives on fraud charges related to accounting manipulations is viewed by many as legitimizing accounting gamesmanship. This decision illustrates that the courts may not be the best place to deal with ethical reporting issues. The courts may be relied on for only the most egregious unethical conduct and, even then, the accounting profession is ill equipped to assist the legal system in prosecuting accounting fraud unless the standards have been clarified. We argue that the problem of unethical reporting should be addressed by the accounting profession itself, preferably as a key part of the conceptual framework that supports accounting and auditing standards, and the codes of ethical conduct that underpin the professionalism of accountants.
This article introduces the juxtaposed notions of liberal and neo-liberal gameplay in order to show that, while forms of contemporary game culture are heavily influenced by neo-liberalism, they often appear under a liberal disguise. The argument is grounded in Claus Pias’ idea of games as always a product of their time in terms of economic, political and cultural history. The article shows that romantic play theories (e.g. Schiller, Huizinga and Caillois) are circling around the notion of play as ‘free’, which emerged in parallel with the philosophy of liberalism and respective socio-economic developments such as the industrialization and the rise of the nation state. It shows further that contemporary discourse in computer game studies addresses computer game/play as if it still was the romantic form of play rooted in the paradigm of liberalism. The article holds that an account that acknowledges the neo-liberalist underpinnings of computer games is more suited to addressing contemporary computer games, among which are phenomena such as free to play games, which repeat the structures of a neo-liberal society. In those games the players invest time and effort in developing their skills, although their future value is mainly speculative – just like this is the case for citizens of neo-liberal societies.
Apart from their central role during 3D structure determination of proteins the backbone chemical shift assignment is the basis for a number of applications, like chemical shift perturbation mapping and studies on the dynamics of proteins. This assignment is not a trivial task even if a 3D protein structure is known and needs almost as much effort as the assignment for structure prediction if performed manually. We present here a new algorithm based solely on 4D [H-1, N-15]-HSQC-NOESY-[H-1, N-15]-HSQC spectra which is able to assign a large percentage of chemical shifts (73-82 %) unambiguously, demonstrated with proteins up to a size of 250 residues. For the remaining residues, a small number of possible assignments is filtered out. This is done by comparing distances in the 3D structure to restraints obtained from the peak volumes in the 4D spectrum. Using dead-end elimination, assignments are removed in which at least one of the restraints is violated. Including additional information from chemical shift predictions, a complete unambiguous assignment was obtained for Ubiquitin and 95 % of the residues were correctly assigned in the 251 residue-long N-terminal domain of enzyme I. The program including source code is available at https://github.com/thomasexner/4Dassign.
Macrocycles with quaterthiophene subunits were obtained by cyclooligomerization by direct oxidative coupling of unsubstituted dithiophene moieties. The rings were closed with high selectivity by an α,β′-connection of the thiophenes as proven by NMR spectroscopy. The reaction of the precursor with terthiophene moieties yielded the symmetric α,α′-linked macrocycle in low yield together with various differently connected isomers. Blocking of the β-position of the half-rings yielded selectively the α,α′-linked macrocycle. Selected cyclothiophenes were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, which displayed the formation of highly ordered 2D crystalline monolayers.
Spatio-temporal control of cellular uptake achieved by photoswitchable cell-penetrating peptides
(2016)
The selective uptake of compounds into specific cells of interest is a major objective in cell biology and drug delivery. By incorporation of a novel, thermostable azobenzene moiety we generated peptides that can be switched optically between an inactive state and an active, cell-penetrating state with excellent spatio-temporal control.
Low Earth orbiting geomagnetic satellite missions, such as the Swarm satellite mission, are the only means to monitor and investigate ionospheric currents on a global scale and to make in situ measurements of F region currents. High-precision geomagnetic satellite missions are also able to detect ionospheric currents during quiet-time geomagnetic conditions that only have few nanotesla amplitudes in the magnetic field. An efficient method to isolate the ionospheric signals from satellite magnetic field measurements has been the use of residuals between the observations and predictions from empirical geomagnetic models for other geomagnetic sources, such as the core and lithospheric field or signals from the quiet-time magnetospheric currents. This study aims at highlighting the importance of high-resolution magnetic field models that are able to predict the lithospheric field and that consider the quiet-time magnetosphere for reliably isolating signatures from ionospheric currents during geomagnetically quiet times. The effects on the detection of ionospheric currents arising from neglecting the lithospheric and magnetospheric sources are discussed on the example of four Swarm orbits during very quiet times. The respective orbits show a broad range of typical scenarios, such as strong and weak ionospheric signal (during day- and nighttime, respectively) superimposed over strong and weak lithospheric signals. If predictions from the lithosphere or magnetosphere are not properly considered, the amplitude of the ionospheric currents, such as the midlatitude Sq currents or the equatorial electrojet (EEJ), is modulated by 10-15 % in the examples shown. An analysis from several orbits above the African sector, where the lithospheric field is significant, showed that the peak value of the signatures of the EEJ is in error by 5 % in average when lithospheric contributions are not considered, which is in the range of uncertainties of present empirical models of the EEJ.
Generalizing a linear expression over a vector space, we call a term of an arbitrary type tau linear if its every variable occurs only once. Instead of the usual superposition of terms and of the total many-sorted clone of all terms in the case of linear terms, we define the partial many-sorted superposition operation and the partial many-sorted clone that satisfies the superassociative law as weak identity. The extensions of linear hypersubstitutions are weak endomorphisms of this partial clone. For a variety V of one-sorted total algebras of type tau, we define the partial many-sorted linear clone of V as the partial quotient algebra of the partial many-sorted clone of all linear terms by the set of all linear identities of V. We prove then that weak identities of this clone correspond to linear hyperidentities of V.
What shapes peace, and how can peace be successfully built in those countries affected by armed conflict? This paper examines mpeacebuilding in the aftermath of civil wars in order to identify the conditions for post-conflict peace. The field of civil war research is
characterised by case studies, comparative analyses and quantitative research, which relate relatively little to each other. Furthermore, the complex dynamics of peacebuilding have hardly been investigated so far. Thus, the question remains of how best to enhance the prospects
of a stable peace in post-conflict societies. Therefore, it is necessary to capture the dynamics of post-conflict peace. This paper aims at helping to narrow these research gaps by 1) presenting the benefits of set theoretic methods for peace and conflict studies; 2) identifying remote conflict environment factors and proximate peacebuilding factors which have an influence on the peacebuilding process and 3) proposing a
set-theoretic multi-method research approach in order to identify the causal structures and mechanisms underlying the complex realm of post-conflict peacebuilding. By implementing this transparent and systematic comparative approach, it will become possible to discover
the dynamics of post-conflict peace.
Based on theories of scientific discovery learning (SDL) and conceptual change, this study explores students' preconceptions in the domain of torques in physics and the development of these conceptions while learning with a computer-based SDL task. As a framework we used a three-space theory of SDL and focused on model space, which is supposed to contain the current conceptualization/model of the learning domain, and on its change through hypothesis testing and experimenting. Three questions were addressed: (1) What are students' preconceptions of torques before learning about this domain? To do this a multiple-choice test for assessing students' models of torques was developed and given to secondary school students (N = 47) who learned about torques using computer simulations. (2) How do students' models of torques develop during SDL? Working with simulations led to replacement of some misconceptions with physically correct conceptions. (3) Are there differential patterns of model development and if so, how do they relate to students’ use of the simulations? By analyzing individual differences in model development, we found that an intensive use of the simulations was associated with the acquisition of correct conceptions. Thus, the three-space theory provided a useful framework for understanding conceptual change in SDL.
This survey on the theme of Geometry Education (including new technologies) focuses chiefly on the time span since 2008. Based on our review of the research literature published during this time span (in refereed journal articles, conference proceedings and edited books), we have jointly identified seven major threads of contributions that span from the early years of learning (pre-school and primary school) through to post-compulsory education and to the issue of mathematics teacher education for geometry. These threads are as follows: developments and trends in the use of theories; advances in the understanding of visuo spatial reasoning; the use and role of diagrams and gestures; advances in the understanding of the role of digital technologies; advances in the understanding of the teaching and learning of definitions; advances in the understanding of the teaching and learning of the proving process; and, moving beyond traditional Euclidean approaches. Within each theme, we identify relevant research and also offer commentary on future directions.
The three-space theory of problem solving predicts that the quality of a learner's model and the goal specificity of a task interact on knowledge acquisition. In Experiment 1 participants used a computer simulation of a lever system to learn about torques. They either had to test hypotheses (nonspecific goal), or to produce given values for variables (specific goal). In the good- but not in the poor-model condition they saw torque depicted as an area. Results revealed the predicted interaction. A nonspecific goal only resulted in better learning when a good model of torques was provided. In Experiment 2 participants learned to manipulate the inputs of a system to control its outputs. A nonspecific goal to explore the system helped performance when compared to a specific goal to reach certain values when participants were given a good model, but not when given a poor model that suggested the wrong hypothesis space. Our findings support the three-space theory. They emphasize the importance of understanding for problem solving and stress the need to study underlying processes.
Recent studies of short-term serial order memory have suggested that the maintenance of order information does not involve domain-specific processes. We carried out two dual task experiments aimed at resolving several ambiguities in those studies. In our experiments, encoding and response of one serial reconstruction task was embedded within encoding and response of a concurrent serial reconstruction task. Order demands in both tasks were independently varied so as to find revealing patterns of interference between the two tasks. In Experiment 1, participants were to maintain and reconstruct the order of a list of verbal materials, while maintaining a list of spatial materials or vice-versa. Increasing the order demands in the outer reconstruction task resulted in small or non reliable performance decrements in the embedded reconstruction task. Experiment 2 sought to compare these results against two same-domain baseline conditions (two verbal lists or two spatial lists). In all conditions, increasing order demands in the outer task resulted in small or non-reliable performance decrements in the embedded task. However, performance in the embedded tasks was generally lower in the same-domain baseline conditions than in the cross-domain conditions. We argue that the main effect of domain in Experiment 2 indicates the contribution of domain-specific processes to short-term serial order maintenance. In addition, we interpret the failure to find consistent cross-list interference irrespective of domain as indicating the involvement of grouping mechanisms in concurrently performed serial order tasks. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
In a series of experiments, we tested a recently proposed hypothesis stating that the degree of alignment between the form of a mental representation resulting from learning with a particular visualization format and the specific requirements of a learning task determines learning performance (task-appropriateness). Groups of participants were required to learn the stroke configuration, the stroke order, or the stroke directions of a set of Chinese pseudocharacters. For each learning task, participants were divided into groups receiving dynamic, static-sequential, or static visualizations. An old/new character recognition task was given at test. The results showed that learning both stroke configuration and stroke order was best with static pictures (Experiments 1 and 2), while there was no reliable difference between the groups for learning stroke direction (Experiment 3). An additional experiment, however, revealed that learning with sequential pictures was superior when testing was carried out with sequential pictures, irrespective of the learning task (Experiment 4). The combined evidence from all experiments speaks against task requirements playing a role in determining the effectiveness of a visualization format. Furthermore, the evidence supports the view that a high degree of congruence between information presented during learning and information presented at test results in better learning (study-test congruence). Implications for instructional design are discussed.
Let A be a nonlinear differential operator on an open set X subset of R-n and S a closed subset of X. Given a class F of functions in X, the set S is said to be removable for F relative to A if any weak solution of A(u) = 0 in XS of class F satisfies this equation weakly in all of X. For the most extensively studied classes F, we show conditions on S which guarantee that S is removable for F relative to A.
The determination of the total carbon storage of peatlands is of high relevance in the context of climate-change mitigation efforts. This determination relies on data about stratigraphy and peat properties, which are conventionally collected by coring. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) can support these point data by providing subsoil information in two-dimensional cross-sections. In this study, GPR and ERI were conducted at two groundwater-fed fen sites located in the temperate zone in north-east Germany. The fens of this region are embedded in low conductive glacial sand and are characterised by thick layers of gyttja, which can be either mineral or organic. The two study sites are representative of this region with respect to stratigraphy (total thickness, peat and gyttja types) and ecological conditions (pH-value, trophic condition). The aim of this study is to assess the suitability of GPR and ERI to detect stratigraphy and peat properties under these characteristic site conditions. Results show that GPR clearly detects the interfaces between (i) Carex and brown-moss peat, (ii) brown-moss peat and organic gyttja, (iii) organic- and mineral gyttja, and (iv) mineral gyttja and the parent material (glacial sand). These layers differ in bulk density and the related organic matter content. ERI, however, does not delineate these layers; rather it delineates regions of varying properties. At our base-rich site, pore fluid conductivity and cation.exchange capacity are the main factors that determine peat electrical conductivity (reverse of resistivity), whereas organic matter and water content are most influential at the more acidic site. Thus the correlation between peat properties and electrical conductivity are driven by site-specific conditions, which are mainly determined by the solute load in the groundwater at fens. When the total organic deposits exceed a thickness of 5 m, the depth of investigation by GPR is limited due to increasing attenuation. This is not a limiting factor for ERI, where the transition from organic deposits to glacial sand is visible at both sites. Due to these specific sensitivities, a combined application of GPR and ERI meets the demand for up-to-date information on carbon storage of peatlands, which is, moreover, very site-specific because of the inherent variety of ecological conditions and stratigraphy between peatlands in general and between fens and bogs in particular. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the intracellular bacterium responsible for tuberculosis disease (TD). Inside the phagosomes of activated macrophages, M. tuberculosis is exposed to cytotoxic hydroperoxides such as hydrogen peroxide, fatty acid hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite. Thus, the characterization of the bacterial antioxidant systems could facilitate novel drug developments. In this work, we characterized the product of the gene Rv1608c from M. tuberculosis, which according to sequence homology had been annotated as a putative peroxiredoxin of the peroxiredoxin Q subfamily (PrxQ B from M. tuberculosis or MtPrxQ B). The protein has been reported to be essential for M. tuberculosis growth in cholesterol-rich medium. We demonstrated the M. tuberculosis thioredoxin B/C-dependent peroxidase activity of MtPrxQ B, which acted as a two-cysteine peroxiredoxin that could function, although less efficiently, using a one-cysteine mechanism. Through steady-state and competition kinetic analysis, we proved that the net forward rate constant of MtPrxQ B reaction was 3 orders of magnitude faster for fatty acid hydroperoxides than for hydrogen peroxide (3x10(6) vs 6x10(3) M-1 s(-1), respectively), while the rate constant of peroxynitrite reduction was (0.6-1.4) x10(6) M-1 s(-1) at pH 7.4. The enzyme lacked activity towards cholesterol hydroperoxides solubilized in sodium deoxycholate. Both thioredoxin B and C rapidly reduced the oxidized form of MtPrxQ B, with rates constants of 0.5x10(6) and 1x10(6) M-1 s(-1), respectively. Our data indicated that MtPrxQ B is monomeric in solution both under reduced and oxidized states. In spite of the similar hydrodynamic behavior the reduced and oxidized forms of the protein showed important structural differences that were reflected in the protein circular dichroism spectra.
In den 2000er-Jahren stiegen die Rohstoffpreise enorm an. Auslöser waren die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der Schwellenländer, allen voran Chinas, sowie der gestiegene Rohstoffbedarf durch technologische Innovationen. Diese „Rohstoffkrise“ veränderte das Verhältnis der Rohstoff exportierenden und importierenden Staaten zueinander. Auch wird Rohstoffpolitik nicht mehr nur unter wirtschaftlichen, sondern ebenso unter ökologischen und sozialen Kriterien betrachtet. Der Beitrag erläutert die Ursachen und benennt Auswirkungen der Krise.
A convenient synthesis of gamma-spirolactams in only two steps was developed. Birch reduction of benzoic acids and immediate alkylation with chloroacetonitrile afforded cyclohexadienes in high yields. The products could be isolated by crystallization on a large scale in analytically pure form. Subsequent hydrogenation with platinum(IV) oxide as the catalyst reduced the nitrile functionality and the double bonds in the same step with excellent stereoselectivity. The relative configurations were determined unequivocally by X-ray analyses. Direct cyclization of the intermediary formed amino acids afforded the desired gamma-spirolactams in excellent overall yields. The procedure is characterized by few steps, cheap reagents, and can be performed on a large scale, interesting for industrial processes.
Scripts that store knowledge of everyday events are fundamentally important for managing daily routines. Content event knowledge (i.e., knowledge about which events belong to a script) and temporal event knowledge (i.e., knowledge about the chronological order of events in a script) constitute qualitatively different forms of knowledge. However, there is limited information about each distinct process and the time course involved in accessing content and temporal event knowledge. Therefore, we analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to either correctly presented event sequences or event sequences that contained a content or temporal error. We found an N400, which was followed by a posteriorly distributed P600 in response to content errors in event sequences. By contrast, we did not find an N400 but an anteriorly distributed P600 in response to temporal errors in event sequences. Thus, the N400 seems to be elicited as a response to a general mismatch between an event and the established event model. We assume that the expectancy violation of content event knowledge, as indicated by the N400, induces the collapse of the established event model, a process indicated by the posterior P600. The expectancy violation of temporal event knowledge is assumed to induce an attempt to reorganize the event model in working memory, a process indicated by the frontal P600. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1. Plant-plant interactions may critically modify the impact of climate change on plant communities. However, the magnitude and even direction of potential future interactions remains highly debated, especially for water-limited ecosystems. Predictions range from increasing facilitation to increasing competition with future aridification. 2. The different methodologies used for assessing plant-plant interactions under changing environmental conditions may affect the outcome but they are not equally represented in the literature. Mechanistic experimental manipulations are rare compared with correlative approaches that infer future patterns from current observations along spatial climatic gradients. 3. Here, we utilize a unique climatic gradient in combination with a large-scale, long-term experiment to test whether predictions about plant-plant interactions yield similar results when using experimental manipulations, spatial gradients or temporal variation. We assessed shrub-annual interactions in three different sites along a natural rainfall gradient (spatial) during 9 years of varying rainfall (temporal) and 8 years of dry and wet manipulations of ambient rainfall (experimental) that closely mimicked regional climate scenarios. 4. The results were fundamentally different among all three approaches. Experimental water manipulations hardly altered shrub effects on annual plant communities for the assessed fitness parameters biomass and survival. Along the spatial gradient, shrub effects shifted from clearly negative to mildly facilitative towards drier sites, whereas temporal variation showed the opposite trend: more negative shrub effects in drier years. 5. Based on our experimental approach, we conclude that shrub-annual interaction will remain similar under climate change. In contrast, the commonly applied space-for-time approach based on spatial gradients would have suggested increasing facilitative effects with climate change. We discuss potential mechanisms governing the differences among the three approaches. 6. Our study highlights the critical importance of long-term experimental manipulations for evaluating climate change impacts. Correlative approaches, for example along spatial or temporal gradients, may be misleading and overestimate the response of plant-plant interactions to climate change.
Defining species by their climatic niche is the simple and intuitive principle underlying Bioclimatic Envelope Model (BEM) predictions for climate change effects. However, these correlative models are often criticised for neglecting many ecological processes. Here, we apply the same niche principle to entire communities within a medium/long-term climate manipulation study, where ecological processes are inherently included. In a nine generation study in Israel, we manipulated rainfall (Drought -30%; Irrigation +30%; Control natural rainfall) at two sites which differ chiefly in rainfall quantity and variability. We analysed community responses to the manipulations by grouping species based on their climatic rainfall niche. These responses were compared to analyses based on single species, total densities, and commonly used taxonomic groupings. Climate Niche Groups yielded clear and consistent results: within communities, those species distributed in drier regions performed relatively better in the drought treatment, and those from wetter climates performed better when irrigated. In contrast, analyses based on other principles revealed little insight into community dynamics. Notably, most relationships were weaker at the drier, more variable site, suggesting that enhanced adaptation to variability may buffer climate change impacts. We provide robust experimental evidence that using climatic niches commonly applied in BEMs is a valid approach for eliciting community changes in response to climate change. However, we also argue that additional empirical information needs to be gathered using experiments in situ to correctly assess community vulnerability. Climatic Niche Groups used in this way, may therefore provide a powerful tool and directional testing framework to generalise and compare climate change impacts across habitats. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
Context. For the spectral analysis of high-resolution and high signal-to-noise (S/N) spectra of hot stars, state-of-the-art non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) model atmospheres are mandatory. These are strongly dependent on the reliability of the atomic data that is used for their calculation. Aims. New Kr IV-VII oscillator strengths for a large number of lines enable us to construct more detailed model atoms for our NLTE model-atmosphere calculations. This enables us to search for additional Kr lines in observed spectra and to improve Kr abundance determinations. Methods. We calculated Kr IV-VII oscillator strengths to consider radiative and collisional bound-bound transitions in detail in our NLTE stellar-atmosphere models for the analysis of Kr lines that are exhibited in high-resolution and high S/N ultraviolet (UV) observations of the hot white dwarf RE 0503-289. Results. We reanalyzed the effective temperature and surface gravity and determined T-eff = 70 000 +/- 2000 K and log (g/cm s(-2)) = 7.5 +/- 0.1. We newly identified ten Kr V lines and one Kr vi line in the spectrum of RE 0503-289. We measured a Kr abundance of 3.3 +/- 0.3 (logarithmic mass fraction). We discovered that the interstellar absorption toward RE 0503-289 has a multi-velocity structure within a radial-velocity interval of -40 km s(-1) < upsilon(rad) < +18 km s(-1). Conclusions. Reliable measurements and calculations of atomic data are a prerequisite for state-of-the-art NLTE stellar-atmosphere modeling. Observed Kr V-VII line profiles in the UV spectrum of the white dwarf RE 0503-289 were simultaneously well reproduced with our newly calculated oscillator strengths.
Zum Hundertsten nichts Neues
(2016)
Relatedness strongly influences social behaviors in a wide variety of species. For most species, the highest typical degree of relatedness is between full siblings with 50% shared genes. However, this is poorly understood in species with unusually high relatedness between individuals: clonal organisms. Although there has been some investigation into clonal invertebrates and yeast, nothing is known about kin selection in clonal vertebrates. We show that a clonal fish, the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa), can distinguish between different clonal lineages, associating with genetically identical, sister clones, and use multiple sensory modalities. Also, they scale their aggressive behaviors according to the relatedness to other females: they are more aggressive to non-related clones. Our results demonstrate that even in species with very small genetic differences between individuals, kin recognition can be adaptive. Their discriminatory abilities and regulation of costly behaviors provides a powerful example of natural selection in species with limited genetic diversity.
The population structure of the highly mobile marine mammal, the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), in the Atlantic shelf waters follows a pattern of significant isolation-by-distance. The population structure of harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea, which is connected with the North Sea through a series of basins separated by shallow underwater ridges, however, is more complex. Here, we investigated the population differentiation of harbor porpoises in European Seas with a special focus on the Baltic Sea and adjacent waters, using a population genomics approach. We used 2872 single nucleotide polymor-phisms (SNPs), derived from double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq), as well as 13 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes for the same set of individuals. Spatial principal components analysis (sPCA), and Bayesian clustering on a subset of SNPs suggest three main groupings at the level of all studied regions: the Black Sea, the North Atlantic, and the Baltic Sea. Furthermore, we observed a distinct separation of the North Sea harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea populations, and identified splits between porpoise populations within the Baltic Sea. We observed a notable distinction between the Belt Sea and the Inner Baltic Sea sub-regions. Improved delineation of harbor porpoise population assignments for the Baltic based on genomic evidence is important for conservation management of this endangered cetacean in threatened habitats, particularly in the Baltic Sea proper. In addition, we show that SNPs outperform microsatellite markers and demonstrate the utility of RAD-tags from a relatively small, opportunistically sampled cetacean sample set for population diversity and divergence analysis.
The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a single hybridization of two bisexual ancestors, Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). As a gynogenetic species, the Amazon molly needs to copulate with a heterospecific male, but the genetic information of the sperm-donor does not contribute to the next generation, as the sperm only acts as the trigger for the diploid eggs’ embryogenesis. Here, we study the sequence evolution and gene expression of the duplicated genes coding for androgen receptors (ars) and other pathway-related genes, i.e., the estrogen receptors (ers) and cytochrome P450, family19, subfamily A, aromatase genes (cyp19as), in the Amazon molly, in comparison to its bisexual ancestors. Mollies possess–as most other teleost fish—two copies of the ar, er, and cyp19a genes, i.e., arα/arβ, erα/erβ1, and cyp19a1 (also referred as cyp19a1a)/cyp19a2 (also referred to as cyp19a1b), respectively. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the ancestral bisexual species were generally predicted not to alter protein function. Some derived substitutions in the P. mexicana and one in P. formosa are predicted to impact protein function. We also describe the gene expression pattern of the ars and pathway-related genes in various tissues (i.e., brain, gill, and ovary) and provide SNP markers for allele specific expression research. As a general tendency, the levels of gene expression were lowest in gill and highest in ovarian tissues, while expression levels in the brain were intermediate in most cases. Expression levels in P. formosa were conserved where expression did not differ between the two bisexual ancestors. In those cases where gene expression levels significantly differed between the bisexual species, P. formosa expression was always comparable to the higher expression level among the two ancestors. Interestingly, erβ1 was expressed neither in brain nor in gill in the analyzed three molly species, which implies a more important role of erα in the estradiol synthesis pathway in these tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that interactions of steroid-signaling pathway genes differ across tissues, in particular the interactions of ars and cyp19as.
Hemidiaptomus diaptomid copepods are known to be excellent biological indicators for the highly biodiverse crustacean communities inhabiting Mediterranean temporary ponds (MTPs), an endangered inland water habitat whose conservation is considered a priority according to the "Habitat Directive" of the European Union. This study reports on the characterization of five polymorphic microsatellite loci in Hemidiaptomus gurneyi, to be used as markers for fine-scale studies on the population genetic structure and metapopulation dynamics of a typical and obligate MTP dweller. The five selected loci proved to be polymorphic in the species, with three to five polymorphic loci per studied population. Overall, mean heterozygosity scored for all loci and populations was lower than that reported for the few other diaptomid species for which microsatellite loci have been to date described; this is possibly due to the intrinsically fragmented and isolated peculiar habitat inhabited by the species. Furthermore, the presence of indels within the flanking regions of selected loci was scored. This study, albeit confirming the technical difficulties in finding proper microsatellite markers in copepods, provides for the first time a set of useful polymorphic microsatellite loci for a Hemidiaptomus species, thus allowing the realization of fine-scale phylogeographic and population genetics studies of this flagship crustacean taxon for MTPs.
The population structure of the highly mobile marine mammal, the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), in the Atlantic shelf waters follows a pattern of significant isolation-by-distance. The population structure of harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea, which is connected with the North Sea through a series of basins separated by shallow underwater ridges, however, is more complex. Here, we investigated the population differentiation of harbor porpoises in European Seas with a special focus on the Baltic Sea and adjacent waters, using a population genomics approach. We used 2872 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), derived from double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq), as well as 13 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes for the same set of individuals. Spatial principal components analysis (sPCA), and Bayesian clustering on a subset of SNPs suggest three main groupings at the level of all studied regions: the Black Sea, the North Atlantic, and the Baltic Sea. Furthermore, we observed a distinct separation of the North Sea harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea populations, and identified splits between porpoise populations within the Baltic Sea. We observed a notable distinction between the Belt Sea and the Inner Baltic Sea sub-regions. Improved delineation of harbor porpoise population assignments for the Baltic based on genomic evidence is important for conservation management of this endangered cetacean in threatened habitats, particularly in the Baltic Sea proper. In addition, we show that SNPs outperform microsatellite markers and demonstrate the utility of RAD-tags from a relatively small, opportunistically sampled cetacean sample set for population diversity and divergence analysis.
The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a single hybridization of two bisexual ancestors, Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). As a gynogenetic species, the Amazon molly needs to copulate with a heterospecific male, but the genetic information of the sperm-donor does not contribute to the next generation, as the sperm only acts as the trigger for the diploid eggs’ embryogenesis. Here, we study the sequence evolution and gene expression of the duplicated genes coding for androgen receptors (ars) and other pathway-related genes, i.e., the estrogen receptors (ers) and cytochrome P450, family19, subfamily A, aromatase genes (cyp19as), in the Amazon molly, in comparison to its bisexual ancestors. Mollies possess–as most other teleost fish—two copies of the ar, er, and cyp19a genes, i.e., arα/arβ, erα/erβ1, and cyp19a1 (also referred as cyp19a1a)/cyp19a2 (also referred to as cyp19a1b), respectively. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the ancestral bisexual species were generally predicted not to alter protein function. Some derived substitutions in the P. mexicana and one in P. formosa are predicted to impact protein function. We also describe the gene expression pattern of the ars and pathway-related genes in various tissues (i.e., brain, gill, and ovary) and provide SNP markers for allele specific expression research. As a general tendency, the levels of gene expression were lowest in gill and highest in ovarian tissues, while expression levels in the brain were intermediate in most cases. Expression levels in P. formosa were conserved where expression did not differ between the two bisexual ancestors. In those cases where gene expression levels significantly differed between the bisexual species, P. formosa expression was always comparable to the higher expression level among the two ancestors. Interestingly, erβ1 was expressed neither in brain nor in gill in the analyzed three molly species, which implies a more important role of erα in the estradiol synthesis pathway in these tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that interactions of steroid-signaling pathway genes differ across tissues, in particular the interactions of ars and cyp19as.
Using data from the Berlin Speed Dating Study, we tested rival hypotheses concerning the effects of self-enhancement of attractiveness on dating outcomes. Three hundred eighty-two participants took part in one of the 17 speed-dating sessions. After each speed-dating interaction, participants indicated how interesting they found the respective person as a long-term and short-term partner. Using social relations analyses, we computed perceiver effects (being more or less choosy) and target effects (being rated as more or less interesting) of long-term and short-term partner ratings. Self-enhancement was operationalized as the discrepancy between self-rated attractiveness and four components of actual attractiveness (observer-rated facial and vocal attractiveness, height and body mass index). Results indicated that self-enhancers were less choosy with respect to their interest for short-term partners, which was especially true for men, but more choosy with respect to long-term partners. With regard to popularity as a mate, potential partners indicated that they found self-enhancers more interesting as short-term partners but not as long-term partners. As self-enhancement is a key component of narcissism, these results are consistent with findings that narcissists perceive many sexual affairs as an achievement, while preferring selected ‘trophy’ long-term partners, and narcissists have a charming appeal for short-term, but not lasting, social relationships.
Aus einer Vergleichsstudie mit starken und schwachen Problemlösern konnten Erkenntnisse über die effizienten Herangehensweisen von Hochleistern an Informatikprobleme gewonnen werden. Diese Erkenntnisse wurden in einem Lehrvideo zum informatischen Problemlösen didaktisch aufgearbeitet, sodass Lernenden der Einsatz von Baumstrukturen und Rekursion im konkreten Kontext gezeigt werden kann. Nun wurde die tatsächliche Lernwirksamkeit des Videos sowie die Definition der Zielgruppe in einer Vergleichsstudie mit 66 Studienanfängern überprüft.
Informatik-Studierende haben in der Mehrzahl Schwierigkeiten, einen Einstieg in die Theoretische
Informatik zu finden und die Leistungsanforderungen in den
Endklausuren der zugehörigen Lehrveranstaltungen zu erfüllen. Wir argumentieren, dass dieser Symptomatik mangelnde Kompetenzen im Umgang mit abstrakten und stark formalisierten Themeninhalten zugrunde liegen und schlagen vor, einen Beweisassistenten als interaktives Lernwerkzeug in der Eingangslehre der Theoretischen Informatik zu nutzen, um entsprechende Kompetenzen zu stärken.
Studium trifft Praxis
(2016)
Spielend Lernen
(2016)
The current study investigates to what extent masked morphological priming is modulated by language-particular properties, specifically by its writing system. We present results from two masked priming experiments investigating the processing of complex Japanese words written in less common (moraic) scripts. In Experiment 1, participants performed lexical decisions on target verbs; these were preceded by primes which were either (i) a past-tense form of the same verb, (ii) a stem-related form with the epenthetic vowel -i, (iii) a semantically-related form, and (iv) a phonologically-related form. Significant priming effects were obtained for prime types (i), (ii), and (iii), but not for (iv). This pattern of results differs from previous findings on languages with alphabetic scripts, which found reliable masked priming effects for morphologically related prime/target pairs of type (i), but not for non-affixal and semantically-related primes of types (ii), and (iii). In Experiment 2, we measured priming effects for prime/target pairs which are neither morphologically, semantically, phonologically nor - as presented in their moraic scripts—orthographically related, but which—in their commonly written form—share the same kanji, which are logograms adopted from Chinese. The results showed a significant priming effect, with faster lexical-decision times for kanji-related prime/target pairs relative to unrelated ones. We conclude that affix-stripping is insufficient to account for masked morphological priming effects across languages, but that language-particular properties (in the case of Japanese, the writing system) affect the processing of (morphologically) complex words.
Metal-containing ionic liquids (ILs) are of interest for a variety of technical applications, e.g., particle synthesis and materials with magnetic or thermochromic properties. In this paper we report the synthesis of, and two structures for, some new tetrabromidocuprates(II) with several “onium” cations in comparison to the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analyses. The sterically demanding cations were used to separate the paramagnetic Cu(II) ions for EPR measurements. The EPR hyperfine structure in the spectra of these new compounds is not resolved, due to the line broadening resulting from magnetic exchange between the still-incomplete separated paramagnetic Cu(II) centres. For the majority of compounds, the principal g values (g|| and gK) of the tensors could be determined and information on the structural changes in the [CuBr4]2- anions can be obtained. The complexes have high potential, e.g., as ionic liquids, as precursors for the synthesis of copper bromide particles, as catalytically active or paramagnetic ionic liquids.
Species can adjust their traits in response to selection which may strongly influence species coexistence. Nevertheless, current theory mainly assumes distinct and time-invariant trait values. We examined the combined effects of the range and the speed of trait adaptation on species coexistence using an innovative multispecies predator–prey model. It allows for temporal trait changes of all predator and prey species and thus simultaneous coadaptation within and among trophic levels. We show that very small or slow trait adaptation did not facilitate coexistence because the stabilizing niche differences were not sufficient to offset the fitness differences. In contrast, sufficiently large and fast trait adaptation jointly promoted stable or neutrally stable species coexistence. Continuous trait adjustments in response to selection enabled a temporally variable convergence and divergence of species traits; that is, species became temporally more similar (neutral theory) or dissimilar (niche theory) depending on the selection pressure, resulting over time in a balance between niche differences stabilizing coexistence and fitness differences promoting competitive exclusion. Furthermore, coadaptation allowed prey and predator species to cluster into different functional groups. This equalized the fitness of similar species while maintaining sufficient niche differences among functionally different species delaying or preventing competitive exclusion. In contrast to pre-
vious studies, the emergent feedback between biomass and trait dynamics enabled supersaturated coexistence for a broad range of potential trait adaptation and parameters. We conclude that accounting for trait adaptation may explain stable and supersaturated species coexistence for a broad range of environmental conditions in natural systems when the absence of such adaptive changes would preclude it. Small trait changes, coincident with those that may occur within many natural populations, greatly enlarged the number of coexisting species.
Kain im Fegefeuer
(2016)
Dropping Out or Keeping Up?
(2016)
The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years ± 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting (η2p = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions.
Thesen
(2016)
Тезисы
(2016)
Тезисы
(2016)
Тезисы
(2016)
Background
Non-typhoid Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) accounts for a high number of registered salmonellosis cases, and O-serotyping is one important tool for monitoring epidemiology and spread of the disease. Moreover, variations in glucosylated O-antigens are related to immunogenicity and spread in the host. However, classical autoagglutination tests combined with the analysis of specific genetic markers cannot always reliably register phase variable glucose modifications expressed on Salmonella O-antigens and additional tools to monitor O-antigen glucosylation phenotypes of S. Typhimurium would be desirable.
Results
We developed a test for the phase variable O-antigen glucosylation state of S. Typhimurium using the tailspike proteins (TSP) of Salmonella phages 9NA and P22. We used this ELISA like tailspike adsorption (ELITA) assay to analyze a library of 44 Salmonella strains. ELITA was successful in discriminating strains that carried glucose 1-6 linked to the galactose of O-polysaccharide backbone (serotype O1) from non-glucosylated strains. This was shown by O-antigen compositional analyses of the respective strains with mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. The ELITA test worked rapidly in a microtiter plate format and was highly O-antigen specific. Moreover, TSP as probes could also detect glucosylated strains in flow cytometry and distinguish multiphasic cultures differing in their glucosylation state.
Conclusions
Tailspike proteins contain large binding sites with precisely defined specificities and are therefore promising tools to be included in serotyping procedures as rapid serotyping agents in addition to antibodies. In this study, 9NA and P22TSP as probes could specifically distinguish glucosylation phenotypes of Salmonella on microtiter plate assays and in flow cytometry. This opens the possibility for flow sorting of cell populations for subsequent genetic analyses or for monitoring phase variations during large scale O-antigen preparations necessary for vaccine production.
Mit Korbmachern zum Sieg
(2016)
Ein Blick zurück
(2016)
1 Einleitung, 2 Die Entstehung des organisierten Turnens in Deutschland, 3 Vom Turnen zum Sport, 4 Friedrich Ludwig Jahn und die Herausbildung der deutschen Turnersprache, 5 Sportsprache in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, 6 Didaktische Anregungen, 7 Materialien und Diskussionsanregungen, 8 Literatur
1 Hinführung und Zielstellung, 2 Angestrebte Ergebnisse der Entwicklung lexikalischer Kompetenz - vernetzt mit der Entwicklung von Lese-/Textverstehenskompetenz, 3 Arbeit am Wortschatz und Textverstehen - Textanalyse als das Erschließen eines Feldes von Möglichkeiten, 4 Die Tätigkeit des Schülers optimal in Gang setzen - handlungs-regulierende Aufgaben stellen, 5 Literatur
The title compounds, [(1R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-bis(acetyloxy)-7-oxo-2-oxabicyclo-
[4.2.0]octan-3-yl]methyl acetate, C14H18O8, (I), [(1S,4R,5S,6R)-5-acetyloxy-7-
hydroxyimino-2-oxobicyclo[4.2.0]octan-4-yl acetate, C11H15NO6, (II), and
[(3aR,5R,6R,7R,7aS)-6,7-bis(acetyloxy)-2-oxooctahydropyrano[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-
yl]methyl acetate, C14H19NO8, (III), are stable bicyclic carbohydrate derivatives.
They can easily be synthesized in a few steps from commercially available
glycals. As a result of the ring strain from the four-membered rings in (I) and
(II), the conformations of the carbohydrates deviate strongly from the ideal
chair form. Compound (II) occurs in the boat form. In the five-membered
lactam (III), on the other hand, the carbohydrate adopts an almost ideal chair
conformation. As a result of the distortion of the sugar rings, the configurations
of the three bicyclic carbohydrate derivatives could not be determined from
their NMR coupling constants. From our three crystal structure determinations,
we were able to establish for the first time the absolute configurations of all new
stereocenters of the carbohydrate rings.
Referential Choice
(2016)
We report a study of referential choice in discourse production, understood as the choice between various types of referential devices, such as pronouns and full noun phrases. Our goal is to predict referential choice, and to explore to what extent such prediction is possible. Our approach to referential choice includes a cognitively informed theoretical component, corpus analysis, machine learning methods and experimentation with human participants. Machine learning algorithms make use of 25 factors, including referent’s properties (such as animacy and protagonism), the distance between a referential expression and its antecedent, the antecedent’s syntactic role, and so on. Having found the predictions of our algorithm to coincide with the original almost 90% of the time, we hypothesized that fully accurate prediction is not possible because, in many situations, more than one referential option is available. This hypothesis was supported by an experimental study, in which participants answered questions about either the original text in the corpus, or about a text modified in accordance with the algorithm’s prediction. Proportions of correct answers to these questions, as well as participants’ rating of the questions’ difficulty, suggested that divergences between the algorithm’s prediction and the original referential device in the corpus occur overwhelmingly in situations where the referential choice is not categorical.
Loss to follow-up in a randomized controlled trial study for pediatric weight management (EPOC)
(2016)
Background
Attrition is a serious problem in intervention studies. The current study analyzed the attrition rate during follow-up in a randomized controlled pediatric weight management program (EPOC study) within a tertiary care setting.
Methods
Five hundred twenty-three parents and their 7–13-year-old children with obesity participated in the randomized controlled intervention trial. Follow-up data were assessed 6 and 12 months after the end of treatment. Attrition was defined as providing no objective weight data. Demographic and psychological baseline characteristics were used to predict attrition at 6- and 12-month follow-up using multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
Objective weight data were available for 49.6 (67.0) % of the children 6 (12) months after the end of treatment. Completers and non-completers at the 6- and 12-month follow-up differed in the amount of weight loss during their inpatient stay, their initial BMI-SDS, educational level of the parents, and child’s quality of life and well-being. Additionally, completers supported their child more than non-completers, and at the 12-month follow-up, families with a more structured eating environment were less likely to drop out. On a multivariate level, only educational background and structure of the eating environment remained significant.
Conclusions
The minor differences between the completers and the non-completers suggest that our retention strategies were successful. Further research should focus on prevention of attrition in families with a lower educational background.
Due to their multifunctionality, tablets offer tremendous advantages for research on handwriting dynamics or for interactive use of learning apps in schools. Further, the widespread use of tablet computers has had a great impact on handwriting in the current generation. But, is it advisable to teach how to write and to assess handwriting in pre- and primary schoolchildren on tablets rather than on paper? Since handwriting is not automatized before the age of 10 years, children's handwriting movements require graphomotor and visual feedback as well as permanent control of movement execution during handwriting. Modifications in writing conditions, for instance the smoother writing surface of a tablet, might influence handwriting performance in general and in particular those of non-automatized beginning writers. In order to investigate how handwriting performance is affected by a difference in friction of the writing surface, we recruited three groups with varying levels of handwriting automaticity: 25 preschoolers, 27 second graders, and 25 adults. We administered three tasks measuring graphomotor abilities, visuomotor abilities, and handwriting performance (only second graders and adults). We evaluated two aspects of handwriting performance: the handwriting quality with a visual score and the handwriting dynamics using online handwriting measures [e.g., writing duration, writing velocity, strokes and number of inversions in velocity (NIV)]. In particular, NIVs which describe the number of velocity peaks during handwriting are directly related to the level of handwriting automaticity. In general, we found differences between writing on paper compared to the tablet. These differences were partly task-dependent. The comparison between tablet and paper revealed a faster writing velocity for all groups and all tasks on the tablet which indicates that all participants—even the experienced writers—were influenced by the lower friction of the tablet surface. Our results for the group-comparison show advancing levels in handwriting automaticity from preschoolers to second graders to adults, which confirms that our method depicts handwriting performance in groups with varying degrees of handwriting automaticity. We conclude that the smoother tablet surface requires additional control of handwriting movements and therefore might present an additional challenge for learners of handwriting.
Hybrid terrain models combine large regular data sets and high-resolution irregular meshes [triangulated irregular network (TIN)] for topographically and morphologically complex terrain features such as man-made microstructures or cliffs. In this paper, a new method to generate and visualize this kind of 3D hybrid terrain models is presented. This method can integrate geographic data sets from multiple sources without a remeshing process to combine the heterogeneous data of the different models. At the same time, the original data sets are preserved without modification, and, thus, TIN meshes can be easily edited and replaced, among other features. Specifically, our approach is based on the utilization of the external edges of convexified TINs as the fundamental primitive to tessellate the space between both types of meshes. Our proposal is eminently parallel, requires only a minimal preprocessing phase, and minimizes the storage requirements when compared with the previous proposals.
This paper presents an interactive system for transforming images into an oil paint look. The system comprises two major stages. First, it derives dominant colors from an input image for feature-aware recolorization and quantization to conform with a global color palette. Afterwards, it employs non-linear filtering based on the smoothed structure adapted to the main feature contours of the quantized image to synthesize a paint texture in real-time. Our filtering approach leads to homogeneous outputs in the color domain and enables creative control over the visual output, such as color adjustments and per-pixel parametrizations by means of interactive painting. To this end, our system introduces a generalized brush-based painting interface that operates within parameter spaces to locally adjust the level of abstraction of the filtering effects. Several results demonstrate the various applications of our filtering approach to different genres of photography. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Arabidopsis FORGETTER1 mediates stress-induced chromatin memory through nucleosome remodeling
(2016)
Plants as sessile organisms can adapt to environmental stress to mitigate its adverse effects. As part of such adaptation they maintain an active memory of heat stress for several days that promotes a more efficient response to recurring stress. We show that this heat stress memory requires the activity of the FORGETTER1 (FGT1) locus, with fgt1 mutants displaying reduced maintenance of heat-induced gene expression. FGT1 encodes the Arabidopsis thaliana orthologue of Strawberry notch (Sno), and the protein globally associates with the promoter regions of actively expressed genes in a heat-dependent fashion. FGT1 interacts with chromatin remodelers of the SWI/ SNF and ISWI families, which also display reduced heat stress memory. Genomic targets of the BRM remodeler overlap significantly with FGT1 targets. Accordingly, nucleosome dynamics at loci with altered maintenance of heat-induced expression are affected in fgt1. Together, our results suggest that by modulating nucleosome occupancy, FGT1 mediates stress-induced chromatin memory.
The novel combination of infrared matrix-assisted laser dispersion and ionization (IR-MALDI) with ion mobility (IM) spectrometry makes it possible to investigate biomolecules in their natural environment, liquid water. As an alternative to an ESI source, the IR-MALDI source was implemented in an in-house-developed ion mobility (IM) spectrometer. The release of ions directly from an aqueous solution is based on a phase explosion, induced by the absorption of an IR laser pulse (lambda = 2.94 mu m, 6 ns pulse width), which disperses the liquid as nano- and micro-droplets. The prerequisites for the application of IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry as an analytical method are narrow analyte ion signal peaks for a high spectrometer resolution. This can only be achieved by improving the desolvation of ions. One way to full desolvation is to give the cluster ions sufficient time to desolvate. Two methods for achieving this are studied: the implementation of an additional drift tube, as in ESI-IM-spectrometry, and the delayed extraction of the ions. As a result of this optimization procedure, limits of detection between 5 nM and 2.5 mu M as well as linear dynamic ranges of 2-3 orders of magnitude were obtained for a number of substances. The ability of this method to analyze simple mixtures is illustrated by the separation of two different surfactant mixtures.
Background
Doping presents a potential health risk for young athletes. Prevention programs are intended to prevent doping by educating athletes about banned substances. However, such programs have their limitations in practice. This led Germany to introduce the National Doping Prevention Plan (NDPP), in hopes of ameliorating the situation among young elite athletes. Two studies examined 1) the degree to which the NDPP led to improved prevention efforts in elite sport schools, and 2) the extent to which newly developed prevention activities of the national anti-doping agency (NADA) based on the NDPP have improved knowledge among young athletes within elite sports schools.
Methods
The first objective was investigated in a longitudinal study (Study I: t0 = baseline, t1 = follow-up 4 years after NDPP introduction) with N = 22 teachers engaged in doping prevention in elite sports schools. The second objective was evaluated in a cross-sectional comparison study (Study II) in N = 213 elite sports school students (54.5 % male, 45.5 % female, age M = 16.7 ± 1.3 years (all students had received the improved NDDP measure in school; one student group had received additionally NADA anti-doping activities and a control group did not). Descriptive statistics were calculated, followed by McNemar tests, Wilcoxon tests and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).
Results
Results indicate that 4 years after the introduction of the NDPP there have been limited structural changes with regard to the frequency, type, and scope of doping prevention in elite sport schools. On the other hand, in study II, elite sport school students who received further NADA anti-doping activities performed better on an anti-doping knowledge test than students who did not take part (F(1, 207) = 33.99, p <0.001), although this difference was small.
Conclusion
The integration of doping-prevention in elite sport schools as part of the NDPP was only partially successful. The results of the evaluation indicate that the introduction of the NDPP has contributed more to a change in the content of doping prevention activities than to a structural transformation in anti-doping education in elite sport schools. Moreover, while students who did receive additional education in the form of the NDPP“booster sessions” had significantly more knowledge about doping than students who did not receive such education, this difference was only small and may not translate to actual behavior.
Infrared matrix-assisted laser dispersion and ionization (IR-MALDI) in combination with ion mobility (IM) spectrometry enables the direct analysis of biomolecules in aqueous solution. The release of ions directly from an aqueous solution is based on a phase explosion, induced by the absorption of an IR laser pulse, which disperses the liquid as vapor, nano-and micro-droplets. The ionization process is characterized initially by a broad spatial distribution of the ions, which is a result of complex fluid dynamics and desolvation kinetics. These processes have a profound effect on the shape and width of the peaks in the IM spectra. In this work, the transport of ions by the phase explosion-induced shockwave could be studied independently from the transport by the electric field. The shockwave-induced mean velocities of the ions at different time scales were determined through IM spectrometry and shadowgraphy. The results show a deceleration of the ions from 118 m.s(-1) at a distance of 400 mu m from the liquid surface to 7.1 m.s(-1) at a distance of 10 mm, which is caused by a pile-up effect. Furthermore, the desolvation kinetics were investigated and a first-order desolvation constant of 325 +/- 50 s(-1) was obtained. In the second part, the IR-MALDI-IM spectrometer is used as an HPLC detector for the two-dimensional separation of a pesticide mixture.
National doping prevention guidelines: Intent, efficacy and lessons learned - A 4-year evaluation
(2016)
Background: Doping presents a potential health risk for young athletes. Prevention programs are intended to prevent doping by educating athletes about banned substances. However, such programs have their limitations in practice. This led Germany to introduce the National Doping Prevention Plan (NDPP), in hopes of ameliorating the situation among young elite athletes. Two studies examined 1) the degree to which the NDPP led to improved prevention efforts in elite sport schools, and 2) the extent to which newly developed prevention activities of the national anti-doping agency (NADA) based on the NDPP have improved knowledge among young athletes within elite sports schools. Methods: The first objective was investigated in a longitudinal study (Study I: t0 = baseline, t1 = follow-up 4 years after NDPP introduction) with N = 22 teachers engaged in doping prevention in elite sports schools. The second objective was evaluated in a cross-sectional comparison study (Study II) in N = 213 elite sports school students (54. 5 % male, 45.5 % female, age M = 16.7 +/- 1.3 years (all students had received the improved NDDP measure in school; one student group had received additionally NADA anti-doping activities and a control group did not). Descriptive statistics were calculated, followed by McNemar tests, Wilcoxon tests and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Results indicate that 4 years after the introduction of the NDPP there have been limited structural changes with regard to the frequency, type, and scope of doping prevention in elite sport schools. On the other hand, in study II, elite sport school students who received further NADA anti-doping activities performed better on an anti-doping knowledge test than students who did not take part (F(1, 207) = 33.99, p < 0.001), although this difference was small. Conclusion: The integration of doping-prevention in elite sport schools as part of the NDPP was only partially successful. The results of the evaluation indicate that the introduction of the NDPP has contributed more to a change in the content of doping prevention activities than to a structural transformation in anti-doping education in elite sport schools. Moreover, while students who did receive additional education in the form of the NDPP "booster sessions" had significantly more knowledge about doping than students who did not receive such education, this difference was only small and may not translate to actual behavior.
Recently, ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms have proven to be efficient in uncertain environments, such as noisy or dynamically changing fitness functions. Most of these analyses have focused on combinatorial problems such as path finding. We rigorously analyze an ACO algorithm optimizing linear pseudo- Boolean functions under additive posterior noise. We study noise distributions whose tails decay exponentially fast, including the classical case of additive Gaussian noise. Without noise, the classical (mu + 1) EA outperforms any ACO algorithm, with smaller mu being better; however, in the case of large noise, the (mu + 1) EA fails, even for high values of mu (which are known to help against small noise). In this article, we show that ACO is able to deal with arbitrarily large noise in a graceful manner; that is, as long as the evaporation factor. is small enough, dependent on the variance s2 of the noise and the dimension n of the search space, optimization will be successful. We also briefly consider the case of prior noise and prove that ACO can also efficiently optimize linear functions under this noise model.
Monitoring the apple polyphenol oxidase-modulated adduct formation of phenolic and amino compounds
(2016)
Minimally processed fruit products such as smoothies are increasingly coming into demand. However, they are often combined with dairy ingredients. In this combination, phenolic compounds, polyphenoloxidases, and amino compounds could interact. In this work, a model approach is presented where apple serves as a source for a high polyphenoloxidase activity for modulating the reactions. The polyphenoloxidase activity ranged from 128 to 333 nakt/mL in different apple varieties. From these, ‘Braeburn’ was found to provide the highest enzymatic activity. The formation and stability of resulting chromogenic conjugates was investigated. The results show that such adducts are not stable and possible degradation mechanisms leading to follow-up products formed are proposed. Finally, apple extracts were used to modify proteins and their functional properties characterized. There were retaining antioxidant properties inherent to phenolic compounds after adduct formation. Consequently, such interactions may also be utilized to improve the textural quality of food products.
In this study, the applicability of semi-direct cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) during postharvest processing of Tenebrio molitor flour is investigated. Besides analyzing the decontamination efficacy, plasma induced impact on techno-functionality, protein solubility, composition and structure was determined and compared to heat induced effects. Following CAPP treatment, the total microbial load of the Tenebrio flour of 7.72 log(10) cfu/g was reduced to 7.10 (1 min), 6.72 (2.5 min), 5.79 (5 min), 5.19 (7.5 min), 521 (10 min) and 4.73 (15 min) log(10) cfu/g. With increasing exposure to CAPP, protein solubility at pH 4 almost linearly decreased to a minimum of 54%. Water binding capacity decreased from 0.79 to 0.64 gwatedg whereas oil binding capacity increased from 0.59 to 0.66 g(oil)/g. Gel electrophoresis revealed a decrease of all protein fractions at pH 4 whereas at pH 10 the band pattern significantly shifted to protein fractions with higher molecular weights. Industrial relevance: Edible insects are rich in valuable protein, fat, fibre, minerals and micronutrients. Although a wide range of species represent a valuable alternative protein source that could contribute to food and feed security, they are industrially hardly exploited. The tailored application of proper processing technologies could lead to novel insect-based high-protein food and feed products with unique functional properties supporting the increase in acceptability among potential consumers. Current research concentrates on developing processing chains including innovative nonthermal approaches. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) has gained attention as an effective technology for the decontamination and modification of fresh and dry agricultural products. In the postharvest chain of edible insects, the application of CAPP could contribute to the development of safe and high-quality insect-based products in the food and feed sector. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Two visual world eyetracking experiments investigated how acoustic cue value and statistical variance affect perceptual uncertainty during Cantonese consonant (Experiment 1) and tone perception (Experiment 2). Participants heard low- or high-variance acoustic stimuli. Euclidean distance of fixations from target and competitor pictures over time was analysed using Generalised Additive Mixed Modelling. Distance of fixations from target and competitor pictures varied as a function of acoustic cue, providing evidence for gradient, nonlinear sensitivity to cue values. Moreover, cue value effects significantly interacted with statistical variance, indicating that the cue distribution directly affects perceptual uncertainty. Interestingly, the time course of effects differed between target distance and competitor distance models. The pattern of effects over time suggests a global strategy in response to the level of uncertainty: as uncertainty increases, verification looks increase accordingly. Low variance generally creates less uncertainty, but can lead to greater uncertainty in the face of unexpected speech tokens. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
African weakly-electric fishes (Mormyridae) are able to communicate through species-specific electric signals; this feature might have favoured the evolutionary radiation observed in this family (over 200 species) by acting as an effective pre-zygotic isolation mechanism. In the present study we used mitochondria((cytb) and nuclear (rps7, scn4aa) markers in order to reconstruct a species-phylogeny and identify species boundaries for the genus Campylomormyrus, by applying inference methods based on the multispecies coalescent model. Additionally, we employed 16 microsatellite markers, landmark-based morphometric measurements, and electro-physiological analyses as independent lines of evidence to the results obtained from the sequence data. The results show that groups that are morphologically different are also significantly divergent at the genetic level, whereas morphologically similar groups, displaying dissimilar electric signals, do not show enough genetic diversity to be considered separate species. Furthermore, the data confirm the presence of a yet undescribed species within the genus Campylomormyrus. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Voltage-gated sodium channels, Nav1, play a crucial role in the generation and propagation of action potentials and substantially contribute to the shape of their rising phase. The electric organ discharge (EOD) of African weakly electric fish (Mormyroidea) is the sum of action potentials fired from all electrocytes of the electric organ at the same time and hence voltage-gated sodium channels are one factor—together with the electrocyte’s morphology and innervation pattern—that determines the properties of these EODs. Due to the fish-specific genome duplication, teleost fish possess eight copies of sodium channel genes (SCN), which encode for Nav1 channels. In mormyroids, SCN4aa is solely expressed in the electrocytes of the adult electric organ. In this study, we compared entire SCN4aa sequences of six species of the genus Campylomormyrus and identified nonsynonymous substitutions among them. SCN4aa in Campylomormyrus exhibits a much higher evolutionary rate compared to its paralog SCN4ab, whose expression is not restricted to the electric organ. We also found evidence for strong positive selection on the SCN4aa gene within Mormyridae and along the lineage ancestral to the Mormyridae. We have identified sites at which all nonelectric teleosts are monomorphic in their amino acid, but mormyrids have different amino acids. Our findings confirm the crucial role of SCN4aa in EOD evolution among mormyrid weakly electric fish. The inferred positive selection within Mormyridae makes this gene a prime candidate for further investigation of the divergent evolution of pulse-type EODs among closely related species.
Taking a new perspective
(2016)
Network analysis has attracted significant attention when researching the phenomenon of transnational terrorism, particularly Al Qaeda. While many scholars have made valuable contributions to mapping Al Qaeda, several problems remain due to a lack of data and the omission of data provided by international organizations such as the UN. Thus, this article applies a social network analysis and subsequent mappings of the data gleaned from the Security Council's consolidated sanctions list, and asks what they can demonstrate about the structure and organizational characteristics of Al Qaeda. The study maps the Al Qaeda network on a large scale using a newly compiled data set. The analysis reveals that the Al Qaeda network consists of several hundred individual and group nodes connecting almost all over the globe. Several major nodes are crucial for the network structure, while simultaneously many other nodes only weakly and foremost regionally connect to the network. The article concludes that the findings tie in well to the latest research pointing to local and simultaneously global elements of Al Qaeda, and that the new data is a valuable source for further analyses, potentially in combination with other data.
Mitochondriopathies often present clinically as multisystemic disorders of primarily high-energy consuming organs. Assembly, turnover, and surveillance of mitochondrial proteins are essential for mitochondrial function and a key task of AAA family members of metalloproteases. We identified a homozygous mutation in the nuclear encoded mitochondrial escape 1-like 1 gene YME1L1, member of the AAA protease family, as a cause of a novel mitochondriopathy in a consanguineous pedigree of Saudi Arabian descent. The homozygous missense mutation, located in a highly conserved region in the mitochondrial pre-sequence, inhibits cleavage of YME1L1 by the mitochondrial processing peptidase, which culminates in the rapid degradation of YME1L1 precursor protein. Impaired YME1L1 function causes a proliferation defect and mitochondrial network fragmentation due to abnormal processing of OPA1. Our results identify mutations in YME1L1 as a cause of a mitochondriopathy with optic nerve atrophy highlighting the importance of YME1L1 for mitochondrial functionality in humans.
The Dictyostelium centrosome is a model for acentriolar centrosomes and it consists of a three-layered core structure surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule nucleation complexes. Its core structure duplicates once per cell cycle at the G2/M transition. Through proteomic analysis of isolated centrosomes we have identified CP91, a 91-kDa coiled coil protein that was localized at the centrosomal core structure. While GFP-CP91 showed almost no mobility in FRAP experiments during interphase, both GFP-CP91 and endogenous CP91 dissociated during mitosis and were absent from spindle poles from late prophase to anaphase. Since this behavior correlates with the disappearance of the central layer upon centrosome duplication, CP91 is a putative component of this layer. When expressed as GFP-fusions, CP91 fragments corresponding to the central coiled coil domain and the preceding N-terminal part (GFP-CP91cc and GFP-CP91N, respectively) also localized to the centrosome but did not show the mitotic redistribution of the full length protein suggesting a regulatory role of the C-terminal domain. Expression of all GFP-fusion proteins suppressed expression of endogenous CP91 and elicited supernumerary centrosomes. This was also very prominent upon depletion of CP91 by RNAi. Additionally, CP91-RNAi cells exhibited heavily increased ploidy due to severe defects in chromosome segregation along with increased cell size and defects in the abscission process during cytokinesis. Our results indicate that CP91 is a central centrosomal core component required for centrosomal integrity, proper centrosome biogenesis and, independently, for abscission during cytokinesis. (c) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
An ellipsometric approach towards the description of inhomogeneous polymer-based Langmuir layers
(2016)
The applicability of nulling-based ellipsometric mapping as a complementary method next to Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) and imaging ellipsometry (IE) is presented for the characterization of ultrathin films at the air-water interface. First, the methodology is demonstrated for a vertically nonmoving Langmuir layer of star-shaped, 4-arm poly(omega-pentadecalactone) (PPDL-D4). Using nulling-based ellipsometric mapping, PPDL-D4-based inhomogeneously structured morphologies with a vertical dimension in the lower nm range could be mapped. In addition to the identification of these structures, the differentiation between a monolayer and bare water was possible. Second, the potential and limitations of this method were verified by applying it to more versatile Langmuir layers of telechelic poly[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide]-diol (PLGA). All ellipsometric maps were converted into thickness maps by introduction of the refractive index that was derived from independent ellipsometric experiments, and the result was additionally evaluated in terms of the root mean square roughness, R-q. Thereby, a three-dimensional view into the layers was enabled and morphological inhomogeneity could be quantified.
The influence of terminal functionalization of oligo(epsilon-caprolactone)s (OCL) with phenylboronic acid pinacol ester or phenylboronic acid on the enzymatic degradation behavior at the air-water interface is investigated by the Langmuir monolayer degradation technique. While the unsubstituted OCL immediately degrades after injection of the enzyme lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia, enzyme molecules are incorporated into the films based on end-capped OCL before degradation. This incorporation of enzymes does not inhibit or suppress the film degradation, but retards it significantly. A specific binding of lipase to the polymer monolayer allows studying the enzymatic activity of bound proteins and the influence on the degradation process. The functionalization of a macromolecule with phenyl boronic acid groups is an approach to investigate their interactions with diol-containing biomolecules like sugars and to monitor their specified impact on the enzymatic degradation behavior at the air-water interface.
Src1 is a Protein of the Inner Nuclear Membrane Interacting with the Dictyostelium Lamin NE81
(2016)
The nuclear envelope (NE) consists of the outer and inner nuclear membrane (INM), whereby the latter is bound to the nuclear lamina. Src1 is a Dictyostelium homologue of the helix-extension-helix family of proteins, which also includes the human lamin-binding protein MAN1. Both endogenous Src1 and GFP-Src1 are localized to the NE during the entire cell cycle. Immuno-electron microscopy and light microscopy after differential detergent treatment indicated that Src1 resides in the INM. FRAP experiments with GFP-Src1 cells suggested that at least a fraction of the protein could be stably engaged in forming the nuclear lamina together with the Dictyostelium lamin NE81. Both a BioID proximity assay and mis-localization of soluble, truncated mRFP-Src1 at cytosolic clusters consisting of an intentionally mis-localized mutant of GFP-NE81 confirmed an interaction of Src1 and NE81. Expression GFP-Src11–646, a fragment C-terminally truncated after the first transmembrane domain, disrupted interaction of nuclear membranes with the nuclear lamina, as cells formed protrusions of the NE that were dependent on cytoskeletal pulling forces. Protrusions were dependent on intact microtubules but not actin filaments. Our results indicate that Src1 is required for integrity of the NE and highlight Dictyostelium as a promising model for the evolution of nuclear architecture.
Engineered nanogels are of high value for a targeted and controlled transport of compounds due to the ability to change their chemical properties by external stimuli. As it has been indicated that nanogels possess a high ability to penetrate the stratum corneum, it cannot be excluded that nanogels interact with dermal dendritic cells, especially in diseased skin. In this study the potential crosstalk of the thermore-sponsive nanogels (tNGs) with the dendritic cells of the skin was investigated with the aim to determine the immunotoxicological properties of the nanogels. The investigated tNGs were made of dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) and poly(glycidyl methyl ether-co-ethyl glycidyl ether) (p(GME-co-EGE)), as polymer conferring thermoresponsive properties. Although the tNGs were taken up, they displayed neither cytotoxic and genotoxic effects nor any induction of reactive oxygen species in the tested cells. Interestingly, specific uptake mechanisms of the tNGs by the dendritic cells were depending on the nanogels cloud point temperature (Tcp), which determines the phase transition of the nanoparticle. The study points to caveolae-mediated endocytosis as being the major tNGs uptake mechanism at 37 degrees C, which is above the Tcp of the tNGs. Remarkably, an additional uptake mechanism, beside caveolae-mediated endocytosis, was observed at 29 degrees C, which is the Tcp of the tNGs. At this temperature, which is characterized by two different states of the tNGs, macropinocytosis was involved as well. In summary, our study highlights the impact of thermoresponsivity on the cellular uptake mechanisms which has to be taken into account if the tNGs are used as a drug delivery system.
ObjectivePsychotherapy for hypochondriasis has greatly improved over the last decades and cognitive-behavioral treatments are most promising. However, research on predictors of treatment outcome for hypochondriasis is rare. Possible predictors of treatment outcome in cognitive therapy (CT) and exposure therapy (ET) for hypochondriasis were investigated. MethodCharacteristics and behaviors of 75 patients were considered as possible predictors: sociodemographic variables (sex, age, and cohabitation); psychopathology (pretreatment hypochondriacal symptoms, comorbid mental disorders, and levels of depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms); and patient in-session interpersonal behavior. ResultsSeverity of pretreatment hypochondriacal symptoms, comorbid mental disorders, and patient in-session interpersonal behavior were significant predictors in multiple hierarchical regression analyses. Interactions between the predictors and the treatment (CT or ET) were not found. ConclusionsIn-session interpersonal behavior is an important predictor of outcome. Furthermore, there are no specific contraindications to treating hypochondriasis with CT or ET.
In this paper, we analyze stochastic dynamic pricing and advertising differential games in special oligopoly markets with constant price and advertising elasticity. We consider the sale of perishable as well as durable goods and include adoption effects in the demand. Based on a unique stochastic feedback Nash equilibrium, we derive closed-form solution formulas of the value functions and the optimal feedback policies of all competing firms. Efficient simulation techniques are used to evaluate optimally controlled sales processes over time. This way, the evolution of optimal controls as well as the firms’ profit distributions are analyzed. Moreover, we are able to compare feedback solutions of the stochastic model with its deterministic counterpart. We show that the market power of the competing firms is exactly the same as in the deterministic version of the model. Further, we discover two fundamental effects that determine the relation between both models. First, the volatility in demand results in a decline of expected profits compared to the deterministic model. Second, we find that saturation effects in demand have an opposite character. We show that the second effect can be strong enough to either exactly balance or even overcompensate the first one. As a result we are able to identify cases in which feedback solutions of the deterministic model provide useful approximations of solutions of the stochastic model.
WavePacket
(2016)
WavePacket is an open-source program package for the numerical simulation of quantum-mechanical dynamics. It can be used to solve time-independent or time-dependent linear Schrödinger and Liouville–von Neumann-equations in one or more dimensions. Also coupled equations can be treated, which allows to simulate molecular quantum dynamics beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Optionally accounting for the interaction with external electric fields within the semiclassical dipole approximation, WavePacket can be used to simulate experiments involving tailored light pulses in photo-induced physics or chemistry. The graphical capabilities allow visualization of quantum dynamics ‘on the fly’, including Wigner phase space representations. Being easy to use and highly versatile, WavePacket is well suited for the teaching of quantum mechanics as well as for research projects in atomic, molecular and optical physics or in physical or theoretical chemistry. The present Part I deals with the description of closed quantum systems in terms of Schrödinger equations. The emphasis is on discrete variable representations for spatial discretization as well as various techniques for temporal discretization. The upcoming Part II will focus on open quantum systems and dimension reduction; it also describes the codes for optimal control of quantum dynamics. The present work introduces the MATLAB version of WavePacket 5.2.1 which is hosted at the Sourceforge platform, where extensive Wiki-documentation as well as worked-out demonstration examples can be found.