Bruno Merz, Stefano Basso, Svenja Fischer, David Lun, Guenter Bloeschl, Ralf Merz, Bjorn Guse, Alberto Viglione, Sergiy Vorogushyn, Elena Macdonald, Luzie Wietzke, Andreas Schumann
- Statistical distributions of flood peak discharge often show heavy tail behavior, that is, extreme floods are more likely to occur than would be predicted by commonly used distributions that have exponential asymptotic behavior.
This heavy tail behavior may surprise flood managers and citizens, as human intuition tends to expect light tail behavior, and the heaviness of the tails is very difficult to predict, which may lead to unnecessarily high flood damage.
Despite its high importance, the literature on the heavy tail behavior of flood distributions is rather fragmented.
In this review, we provide a coherent overview of the processes causing heavy flood tails and the implications for science and practice.
Specifically, we propose nine hypotheses on the mechanisms causing heavy tails in flood peak distributions related to processes in the atmosphere, the catchment, and the river system.
We then discuss to which extent the current knowledge supports or contradicts these hypotheses.
We also discuss the statisticalStatistical distributions of flood peak discharge often show heavy tail behavior, that is, extreme floods are more likely to occur than would be predicted by commonly used distributions that have exponential asymptotic behavior.
This heavy tail behavior may surprise flood managers and citizens, as human intuition tends to expect light tail behavior, and the heaviness of the tails is very difficult to predict, which may lead to unnecessarily high flood damage.
Despite its high importance, the literature on the heavy tail behavior of flood distributions is rather fragmented.
In this review, we provide a coherent overview of the processes causing heavy flood tails and the implications for science and practice.
Specifically, we propose nine hypotheses on the mechanisms causing heavy tails in flood peak distributions related to processes in the atmosphere, the catchment, and the river system.
We then discuss to which extent the current knowledge supports or contradicts these hypotheses.
We also discuss the statistical conditions for the emergence of heavy tail behavior based on derived distribution theory and relate them to the hypotheses and flood generation mechanisms.
We review the degree to which the heaviness of the tails can be predicted from process knowledge and data. Finally, we recommend further research toward testing the hypotheses and improving the prediction of heavy tails.…
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MetadatenAuthor details: | Bruno MerzORCiDGND, Stefano Basso, Svenja Fischer, David Lun, Guenter Bloeschl, Ralf MerzORCiDGND, Bjorn Guse, Alberto ViglioneORCiD, Sergiy VorogushynORCiDGND, Elena MacdonaldORCiDGND, Luzie WietzkeORCiD, Andreas Schumann |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030506 |
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ISSN: | 0043-1397 |
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ISSN: | 1944-7973 |
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Title of parent work (English): | Water resources research |
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Publisher: | American Geophysical Union |
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Place of publishing: | Washington |
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Publication type: | Article |
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Language: | English |
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Date of first publication: | 2022/06/15 |
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Publication year: | 2022 |
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Release date: | 2024/06/10 |
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Tag: | extreme events; flood frequency; flood risk; upper tail |
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Volume: | 58 |
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Issue: | 6 |
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Article number: | e2021WR030506 |
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Number of pages: | 37 |
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Funding institution: | German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) [FOR; 2416, 421,396,820]; Austrian Science Funds (FWF) "SPATE" project [I; 3174]; Projekt DEAL |
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Organizational units: | Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Institut für Geowissenschaften |
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DDC classification: | 5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 55 Geowissenschaften, Geologie / 550 Geowissenschaften |
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Peer review: | Referiert |
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Publishing method: | Open Access / Hybrid Open-Access |
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License (German): | CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |
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