Non-local acute stretching effects on strength performance in healthy young adults
- Background Static stretching (SS) can impair performance and increase range of motion of a non-exercised or non-stretched muscle, respectively. An underdeveloped research area is the effect of unilateral stretching on non-local force output. Objective The objective of this review was to describe the effects of unilateral SS on contralateral, non-stretched, muscle force and identify gaps in the literature. Methods A systematic literature search following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses Protocols guidelines was performed according to prescribed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Weighted means and ranges highlighted the non-local force output response to unilateral stretching. The physiotherapy evidence database scale was used to assess study risk of bias and methodological quality. Results Unilateral stretching protocols from six studies involved 6.3 +/- 2 repetitions of 36.3 +/- 7.4 s with 19.3 +/- 5.7 s recovery between stretches. The mean stretch-induced force deficits exhibited smallBackground Static stretching (SS) can impair performance and increase range of motion of a non-exercised or non-stretched muscle, respectively. An underdeveloped research area is the effect of unilateral stretching on non-local force output. Objective The objective of this review was to describe the effects of unilateral SS on contralateral, non-stretched, muscle force and identify gaps in the literature. Methods A systematic literature search following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses Protocols guidelines was performed according to prescribed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Weighted means and ranges highlighted the non-local force output response to unilateral stretching. The physiotherapy evidence database scale was used to assess study risk of bias and methodological quality. Results Unilateral stretching protocols from six studies involved 6.3 +/- 2 repetitions of 36.3 +/- 7.4 s with 19.3 +/- 5.7 s recovery between stretches. The mean stretch-induced force deficits exhibited small magnitude effect sizes for both the stretched (-6.7 +/- 7.1%, d = -0.35: 0.01 to -1.8) and contralateral, non-stretched, muscles (-4.0 +/- 4.9%, d = , 0.22: 0.08 to 1.1). Control measures exhibited trivial deficits. Conclusion The limited literature examining non-local effects of prolonged SS revealed that both the stretched and contralateral, non-stretched, limbs of young adults demonstrate small magnitude force deficits. However, the frequency of studies with these effects were similar with three measures demonstrating deficits, and four measures showing trivial changes. These results highlight the possible global (non-local) effects of prolonged SS. Further research should investigate effects of lower intensity stretching, upper versus lower body stretching, different age groups, incorporate full warm-ups, and identify predominant mechanisms among others.…
Author details: | David G. BehmORCiDGND, Shahab AlizadehORCiD, Ben DruryORCiD, Urs GranacherORCiDGND, Jason MoranORCiD |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04657-w |
ISSN: | 1439-6319 |
ISSN: | 1439-6327 |
Pubmed ID: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33715049 |
Title of parent work (English): | European journal of applied physiology |
Publisher: | Springer |
Place of publishing: | Berlin ; Heidelberg |
Publication type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of first publication: | 2021/03/14 |
Publication year: | 2021 |
Release date: | 2024/06/07 |
Tag: | Crossover; Fatigue; Flexibility; Mental fatigue; Neural inhibition; Power |
Volume: | 121 |
Issue: | 6 |
Number of pages: | 13 |
First page: | 1517 |
Last Page: | 1529 |
Funding institution: | Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) |
Organizational units: | Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften / Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften |
DDC classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Peer review: | Referiert |