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Background. Assigning students to different school tracks on the basis of their achievement levels is a widely used strategy that aims at giving students the best possible learning opportunity. There is, however, a growing body of literature that questions such positive effects of tracking. Aims. This study compared the developmental trajectories of reading comprehension and decoding speed between students at academic track schools that typically prepare students for university entrance and students at non-academic track schools that usually prepare students for vocational education. Sample. In a longitudinal design with three occasions of data collection, the authors drew on a sample of N= 1,508 5th graders (age at T1 about 11 years, age at T3 about 14 years) from 60 schools in Germany. The academic track sample comprised n= 568 students; the non-academic track sample comprised n= 940 students. Method. Achievement measures were obtained by standardized tests of reading comprehension and decoding speed. Students at the different tracks were closely matched using propensity scores. To compare students growth trajectories between the different school tracks, we applied multi-group latent growth curve models. Results. Comparable results were recorded for the complete (unmatched) sample and for the matched pairs. In all cases, students at the different tracks displayed a similar growth in reading comprehension, whereas larger growth rates for students at academic track schools were recorded for decoding speed. Conclusions. Our findings contribute to an increasing body of literature suggesting that tracking might have undesired side effects.
Lesemotivation ist von Bedeutung für Leseleistung und ist interindividuell unterschiedlich ausgeprägt. Jedoch ist bislang wenig bekannt über Veränderungen unterschiedlicher Lesemotivationsmuster und die Bedeutung des Geschlechts, der Leseleistung und der Unterrichtsgestaltung für solche Veränderungen. Mittels dieser Erkenntnisse könnten adaptive Lernangebote ausgeweitet werden. Die vorliegende Längsschnittstudie greift diese Frage auf und untersucht basierend auf Daten von N = 1313 Lernenden (50,0 % Mädchen) in der 5. und 6. Jahrgangsstufe, wie sich Wertüberzeugungen und Leseselbstkonzept interindividuell unterschiedlich verändern. Latente Profilanalysen verweisen auf drei motivationale Muster zu beiden Zeitpunkten: ‚Geringer intrinsischer Wert‘, ‚Moderate Lesemotivation‘ und ‚Hohe Lesemotivation‘. Hohe Lehrkraftunterstützung trägt dazu bei, dass Lernende im Verlauf des fünften Schuljahres in das Profil ‚Hohe Lesemotivation‘ statt in das Motivationsprofil ‚Geringer intrinsischer Wert‘ wechseln. Mädchen und Lernende mit hoher Leseleistung wechseln eher in das Profil ‚Hohe Lesemotivation‘ statt in das Profil ‚Moderate Lesemotivation‘. Implikationen für Unterricht werden diskutiert.