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Dieser Beitrag erläutert, wie die im Teilprojekt entstandenen Selbstlernangebote (Schreibberatung, Vortragscoaching, Sprachtutorien) über die Laufzeit des Teilprojekts (weiter-)entwickelt wurden und wie Studierende durch die Einführung von neuen, flexibleren Lernformaten (z. B. Einzelberatungen) unterstützt werden. Zudem wird aufgezeigt, wie sich wissenschaftlichen Hilfskräften die Möglichkeit bietet, sich als Schreibberater/ in, Vortragscoach oder Sprachtutor/in weiterzubilden. Somit wird an der Universität Potsdam nicht nur das Selbstlernen, sondern auch Peer Learning gefördert.
A Little Piece of the Shire
(2014)
Sprache der Hände
(2021)
Why animals can't act
(2009)
Given the many marvelous things animals can do and moreover the success we have in employing the intentional stance towards animals, it seems to be almost unthinkable to say that animals could not act at all. Nonetheless, this is exactly what I argue for. I claim that strictly speaking there is no animal action, only behaviour. I defend this claim in three steps. Firstly, I recapitulate some of the weighty grounds that speak in favour of animal agency. Secondly, I explain why I still doubt that animals act. The argument is that the account of agency that I take to be the most attractive one entails that animals can't act. Since this account of agency is non-standard, I spend the bulk of the paper with providing a sketch of what, according to it, actions are. Finally, I explain why it is still so natural and promising to regard animals as agents, although in fact they aren't. As one might put it: of course they act, only strictly speaking they don't.
By 'by'
(2005)
Intervention und Einmischung
(2004)
The topic of this essay is akrasia in its most paradoxical kind, as it appears to us in the emblem of Medea. The argument starts with the claim that the problem with akrasia is especially a problem of rational potentiality: to understand it philosophically, we are forced to embrace the idea that its possibility is immanent to the rational capacity of action. By discussing elements of Plato's, Aristotle's, and Davidson's explanations of practical irrationality, the argument proceeds to demonstrate that the reasons a practical capacity provides exist as "forces", that rational forces are structurally in excess with respect to their normative statuses, and that Medea is the mythical figure par excellence of such an immanent excess of rational agency. On account of these insights, we can begin to understand that akrasia is not only a kind of failure, or incapacity, but entails the very possibility of a "metamorphosis" of the subject.
Zur Interpretation in der mikrosoziologischen und sozialpsychologischen Wissenschaftsforschung
(1995)
Vorwort
(1995)
Our aim in this paper is to explicate some unexpected and striking similarities and equally important differences, which have not been discussed in the literature, between Wittgenstein's methodology and the approach of Chinese Chan or Japanese Zen Buddhism. We say 'unexpected' similarities because it is not a common practice, especially in the analytic tradition, to invest very much in comparative philosophy. The peculiarity of this study will be further accentuated in the view of those of the 'old school' who see Wittgenstein as a logical positivist, and Zen as a religious excuse for militarism or sadomasochism. If the second claim were true, the following investigation would not only be futile but also impossible. That the first claim, concerning the 'old school' perspective on Wittgenstein, si incorrect, we will demonstrate in the ensuing discussion. By now more experts have come to accept hits claim and we hope that our comparative perspective will add even more momentum
Der Begriff der religiösen Erfahrung bei William James und seine Weiterentwicklung nach Wittgenstein
(2003)
Das Placebo-Argument
(2003)
"Zwischen den Zeilen" : Wittgenstein und Gendlin über die nicht-regelhafte Seite der Sprachkompetenz
(1998)
"Zwischen den Zeilen" : Wittgenstein und Gendlin über die nicht-regelhafte Seite der Sprachkompetenz
(1997)
Cave canem
(2021)
So far, animals in fables have almost exclusively been studied as symbolic representatives of human behaviour. New perspectives are opened up by Human-Animal Studies which focus on the animals themselves and human-animal relationships. Inspired by this approach, this article examines five fables of Graeco-Roman antiquity which are connected by the motif of the vicious dog. On the basis of philological interpretation it is shown to what extent and with which intention the dogs are anthropomorphised and at the same time represented as real animals. Interestingly, the human protagonists usually don´t blame the dogs and draw a clear borderline between animals and humans. It seems that successful communication is possible only within the same species.
Rezeptionsschwierigkeiten : Hans Peter Duerrs Kritik an Norbert Elias' historischer Anthropologie
(2000)
“Why,” Francisca Isidro wonders, “did we have to leave our families and move so far away, only to come back as cooks, waitresses, sales assistants, and the like?” And she recalls: “We came back from our time in East Germany with professions that were not held in particu-larly high regard in Mozambique. Nobody understood why we didn’t return as engineers, doctors and teachers. ‘A waitress?,’ they would wonder. ‘Why, they could have become a waitress in Mozambique. Nobody needs to spend so many years in school for that.’”2And with that, Ms. Isidro puts her fi nger right on a misapprehension at the heart of an ambitious state-led education migration program that saw 900 Mozambican children attend the School of Friendship (Schule der Freundschaft , SdF) in Staßfurt in the district of Magdeburg, in what today is Saxony-Anhalt, in the German Democratic Republic (GDR, or East Germany) from 1982 to 1988.3 Ms. Isidro returned to Mozambique as a trained salesperson for clothing, a profession she neither chose nor ever worked in again subsequently. Like her, these 900 children had to navigate the diverging values that particular environments bestowed upon knowledge. What they learned was interpreted diff erently in their home communities, at the SdF, and in their German host families
The selection of 'good' pictures has increasingly become a crucial factor when transmitting news to the recipients. Every day thousands of events are happening and millions of pictures are taken. By choosing photographs for newspapers and magazines, photographic editorial departments want to attract the recipients' attention, evoke emotions and get them to read their stories. But what exactly is a good picture that meets these expectations? Which criteria are decisive for selecting pictures and what effects of this selection can be measured on the recipients' side?
This article presents the results of a research project carried out at the University of Erfurt in 2008 and conducted in collaboration with the German weekly magazine stern. It deals with the selection and impact of press photography by introducing the concept 'photo news factors'. Applying the traditional news value theory to pictures, photo news factors are defined as selection criteria that, on the part of the communicator, decide whether the press photos are worth publishing. Furthermore, they are assumed to exert an influence on the intensity of attention that a picture arouses.
The molecular mechanisms of animal cell osmoregulation are poorly understood. Genetic studies of osmoregulation in yeast have identified mucin-like proteins as critical regulators of osmosensitive signaling and gene expression. Whether mucins play similar roles in higher organisms is not known. Here, we show that mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans mucin-like gene osm-8 specifically disrupt osmoregulatory physiological processes. In osm-8 mutants, normal physiological responses to hypertonic stress, such as the accumulation of organic osmolytes and activation of osmoresponsive gene expression, are constitutively activated. As a result, osm-8 mutants exhibit resistance to normally lethal levels of hypertonic stress and have an osmotic stress resistance (Osr) phenotype. To identify genes required for Osm-8 phenotypes, we performed a genome-wide RNAi osm-8 suppressor screen. After screening,18,000 gene knockdowns, we identified 27 suppressors that specifically affect the constitutive osmosensitive gene expression and Osr phenotypes of osm-8 mutants. We found that one suppressor, the transmembrane protein PTR-23, is co-expressed with osm-8 in the hypodermis and strongly suppresses several Osm-8 phenotypes, including the transcriptional activation of many osmosensitive mRNAs, constitutive glycerol accumulation, and osmotic stress resistance. Our studies are the first to show that an extracellular mucin-like protein plays an important role in animal osmoregulation in a manner that requires the activity of a novel transmembrane protein. Given that mucins and transmembrane proteins play similar roles in yeast osmoregulation, our findings suggest a possible evolutionarily conserved role for the mucin-plasma membrane interface in eukaryotic osmoregulation.
Whereas Plato's Protagoras rejects the notion that someone who knows what is good for him can nonetheless do something else of his own free volition, his Republic names the particular conditions under which such an act, an act of weakness of the will, can take place: the conditions of democracy. Because democracy, Plato writes, places an excessive freedom at its centre, it fosters desires, weakening the force of reason, destabilizing the will, and thus engendering an unprincipled human being. This paper defends the democratic conception of freedom against this portrayal by advocating a concept of freedom of the will that does not unilaterally identify it with willpower.
Alexithymia describes difficulties to identify and describe one's emotions. Previous research focused on difficulties associated with the later processing stages of appraisal in alexithymia. We tested whether early processing deficits are apparent in alexithymic persons and whether these abnormalities contribute to later processing difficulties. 20 participants were selected and identified as either having high (HDA) or low (LDA) degrees of alexithymia. IAPS pictures were presented while EEG was recorded. For HDA subjects processing of emotional pictures was accompanied by reduced P1 amplitudes most pronounced for pleasant and neutral pictures. In response to unpleasant pictures the P3 amplitudes were reduced. These amplitude modulations were predicted only by one alexithymia facet. P1 amplitudes systematically covaried with P3 amplitudes supporting the assumption that deficits in early emotional processing contribute to later processing deficits.
Background: Hypothyroidism in dogs is often difficult to diagnose owing to nonspecific clinical signs and laboratory test results that can be mimicked by nonthyroidal illness (NTI). Thyroxine (T4) circulates in blood mainly bound to T4-binding globulin and, to a lesser degree, transthyretin (TTR) and albumin. The concentration of total T4 depends on the concentrations of these binding proteins.
Objectives: We hypothesized that dogs with NTI and decreased serum total T4 concentrations would have decreased serum TTR concentrations. The objective of the study was to measure and compare serum TTR concentrations in healthy dogs, in dogs with NTI and low serum T4 concentrations, and in dogs with hypothyroidism.
Methods: Assignment of dogs to 3 groups was based on physical examination and serum concentrations of T4 and TSH (mean +/- SD): for healthy dogs (n = 13), T4 was 24.8 +/- 3.6 nmol/L and TSH was 0.15 +/- 0.08 mu g/L; for dogs with NTI and low T4 (n = 20), T4 was 3.2 +/- 3.0 nmol/L and TSH was 0.18 +/- 0.13 mu g/L; and for hypothyroid dogs (n = 19), T4 was 5.3 +/- 4.3 nmol/L and TSH was 2.33 +/- 1.90 mu g/L). TTR concentrations in serum were determined semiquantitatively using western blot analysis.
Results: Serum TTR concentration (mean +/- SD) was decreased in the dogs with NTI (24.8 +/- 7.9 mg/L) compared with that of hypothyroid dogs (41.1 +/- 21.4 mg/L, P = .0035). Differences were not found between TTR concentrations in clinically healthy dogs (33.3 +/- 10.1 mg/L) and hypothyroid dogs or dogs with NTI.
Conclusions: Serum TTR concentrations were significantly decreased in dogs with NTI and low T4 compared with concentrations in hypothyroid dogs. Additional studies should be done to determine if TTR concentrations can discriminate between dogs with NTI and low T4 and dogs with primary hypothyroidism.
Die Neuen Medien und die kulturelle Vielfalt Europas : zur Konzeption der ersten CultMedia-Befragung
(2006)
The design of an empirical-comparative pilot survey to the influence of the internet on the cultural identity of the students at European universities is presented. Cultural practices in handling the internet are to be uncovered and be analyzed in their relevance for the formation of identity. In a continuing longitudinal study the resuming change potentials should be observed.
Einführung
(2010)