Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (4)
Document Type
- Article (4) (remove)
Language
- English (4)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (4)
Keywords
- Evaluation (2)
- Active labor market policy (1)
- Employment stability (1)
- Female labor-force participation (1)
- Fertility (1)
- Instrumental variable approach (1)
- Job search (1)
- Labor market mobility (1)
- Long-term effects (1)
- Marginal employment (1)
- Mini-job (1)
- Multivariate duration models (1)
- Start-up subsidies (1)
- Unemployment duration (1)
- business growth (1)
- creation (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- innovation (1)
- job (1)
- start-up subsidies (1)
Institute
Low female labor market participation is a problem many developed countries have to face. Beside activating inactive women, one possible solution is to support the re-integration of unemployed women. Due to female-specific labor market constraints (preferences for flexible working hours, discrimination), this is a difficult task, and the question arises whether active labor market policies (ALMP) are an appropriate tool to help. It has been shown that the effectiveness of traditional (ALMP) programs-which focus on the integration in dependent (potentially inflexible) employment-is positive but limited. At the same time, recent evidence for Austria shows that these programs reduce fertility which might be judged unfavorable from a societal perspective. Promoting self-employment among unemployed women might therefore be a promising alternative. Starting their own business might give women more independence and flexibility to reconcile work and family and increase labor market participation. Based on long-term informative data, we find that start-up programs persistently integrate former unemployed women into the labor market, and the impact on fertility is less detrimental than for traditional ALMP programs.