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The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau have been argued to be among the main drivers of climate change in midlatitude Central Asia during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. While most proxy records that support this hypothesis are from regions outside the Tibetan Plateau (such as from the Chinese Loess Plateau), detailed paleoclimatic information for the plateau itself during that time has yet remained elusive. Here we present a temporally highly resolved (similar to 500 years) sedimentological record from the Qaidam Basin situated on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau that shows pronounced glacial-interglacial climate variability during the interval from 2.7 to 2.1 Ma. Glacial (interglacial) intervals are generally characterized by coarser (finer) grain size, minima (maxima) in organic matter content, and maxima (minima) in carbonate content. Comparison of our results with Earth's orbital parameters and proxy records from the Chinese Loess Plateau suggests that the observed climate fluctuations were mainly driven by changes in the Siberian High/East Asian winter monsoon system as a response to the iNHG. They are further proposed to be enhanced by the topography of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the position and intensity of the westerlies.
Furcht und Furchtlosigkeit
(2008)
Inhalt AUFSÄTZE Christopher Collstedt The Morality Tale of a Duellist: Narratives of Duelling in Early Modern Swedish Courts. The Duel in Stralsund 1712 Martin Meier Brandenburg und Dänemark im Kampf um Rügen und Vorpommern während des 17. Jahrhundert Claus Bernet Kriegsdienstverweigerung im 19. Jahrhundert. Ein Beitrag zum Klischee des Militärstaats Preußen PROJEKTE Anton Schindling SFB 437 „Kriegserfahrungen – Krieg und Gesellschaft in der Neuzeit“ Andreas Bähr Furcht und Furchtlosigkeit. Gewalt, Imagination und göttliche Macht im 17. Jahrhundert Yigit Topkaya ‚Türkengewalt’ und ‚Türkenmoral’ in Süddeutschland. Von der Eroberung Konstantinopels bis zur ersten Belagerung Wiens BERICHTE Carmen Winkel Friedrich der Große: Hof und Familie. Die friderizianische Monarchie im Zeichensystem der europäischen Höfe (Potsdam 9.-11. Oktober 2008) Janine Rischke Umstrittene Sicherheit: Militärische Mobilisierung, gesellschaftliche Ordnung und politische Partizipation in der Neuzeit (1500-2000) (Potsdam 11.-13. September 2008) REZENSIONEN Jörg Rogge Große Gabriel Zeilinger, Lebensformen im Krieg. Eine Alltags- und Erfahrungsgeschichte des süddeutschen Städtekriegs 1449/50, Stuttgart 2007 Conrad Ehrlich Ewa Anklam, Wissen nach Augenmaß. Militärische Beobachtung und Berichterstattung im Siebenjährigen Krieg, Berlin 2007
The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau have been argued to be among the main drivers of climate change in midlatitude Central Asia during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. While most proxy records that support this hypothesis are from regions outside the Tibetan Plateau (such as from the Chinese Loess Plateau), detailed paleoclimatic information for the plateau itself during that time has yet remained elusive. Here we present a temporally highly resolved (similar to 500 years) sedimentological record from the Qaidam Basin situated on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau that shows pronounced glacial-interglacial climate variability during the interval from 2.7 to 2.1 Ma. Glacial (interglacial) intervals are generally characterized by coarser (finer) grain size, minima (maxima) in organic matter content, and maxima (minima) in carbonate content. Comparison of our results with Earth's orbital parameters and proxy records from the Chinese Loess Plateau suggests that the observed climate fluctuations were mainly driven by changes in the Siberian High/East Asian winter monsoon system as a response to the iNHG. They are further proposed to be enhanced by the topography of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the position and intensity of the westerlies.
Near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) is a less traditional form of XPS that allows samples to be analyzed at relatively high pressures, i. e., at greater than 2500 Pa. In this study, poly(.- benzyl L- glutamate) (PBLG) with a molar mass of 11.3 kg/mol was analyzed by NAP-XPS; here, we show the survey, C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s narrow scans of PBLG. The C 1s peak envelope was fitted in three different ways, to five, six, or seven synthetic peaks. In each fit, there was also a shake-up signal. The O 1s narrow scan was well fit with three peaks: CZO and CvO in a 1:2 ratio from the polymer, and a higher energy signal from water vapor. Hartree-Fock orbital energies of a model monomer served as a guide to an additional fit of the C 1s envelope.
In diesem Band „Essays zur Didaktik der Geographie“ werden in 8 Beiträgen ausgewählte Methoden für den Geographieunterricht behandelt. Praxiserfahrenen Geographiedidaktiker(inne)n und Geographielehrer(inne)n haben die Themen Croquis/Chorèmes und Schemata, Einstiege, Planspiele, Rollenspiele, Scaffolding, Schulbücher, Spiele und Umweltbildung in pointierter Form aufbereitet. Die Inhalte dieses Buches richten sich an Studierende, Referendarinnen und Referendare sowie Lehrer(inn)en, die sich kompakt über einzelne Themen oder Stichworte informieren wollen. Die acht Beiträge ergänzen die 65 Beiträge im „Metzler Handbuch 2.0 Geographieunterricht“. Sie sind durch wechselseitige Querverweise systematisch miteinander verbunden.
Near ambient pressure - x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) is a less traditional form of XPS that allows samples to be analyzed at relatively high pressures, i.e., at 2500Pa or higher. With NAP-XPS, one can analyze moderately volatile liquids, biological samples, porous materials, and/or polymeric materials that outgas significantly. In this submission we show C 1s, O 1s, and survey NAP-XPS spectra from poly(L-lactic acid). The C 1s and O 1s envelopes were fit with three and two Gaussian-Lorentzian sum functions, respectively. Water vapor (800Pa) was used as the residual gas for charge compensation, which was confirmed by the sharp peak at 535.0 eV in the O 1s narrow scan. The uniqueness plot corresponding to the C 1s fit shows that the fit parameters had statistical significance. C 1s and O 1s spectra of PLLA damaged by exposure to x-rays for ca. 1 hour are also included. Published by the AVS.