Early-stage decomposition of solid polymer electrolytes in Li-metal batteries
- Development of functional and stable solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for battery applications is an important step towards both safer batteries and for the realization of lithium-based or anode-less batteries. The interface between the lithium and the solid polymer electrolyte is one of the bottlenecks, where severe degradation is expected. Here, the stability of three different SPEs - poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) - together with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt, is investigated after they have been exposed to lithium metal under UHV conditions. Degradation compounds, e.g. Li-O-R, LiF and LixSyOz, are identified for all SPEs using soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A competing degradation between polymer and salt is identified in the outermost surface region (<7 nm), and is dependent on the polymer host. PTMC:LiTFSI shows the most severe decomposition of both polymer and salt followed by PCL:LiTFSI and PEO:LiTFSI. In addition, theDevelopment of functional and stable solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for battery applications is an important step towards both safer batteries and for the realization of lithium-based or anode-less batteries. The interface between the lithium and the solid polymer electrolyte is one of the bottlenecks, where severe degradation is expected. Here, the stability of three different SPEs - poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) - together with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt, is investigated after they have been exposed to lithium metal under UHV conditions. Degradation compounds, e.g. Li-O-R, LiF and LixSyOz, are identified for all SPEs using soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A competing degradation between polymer and salt is identified in the outermost surface region (<7 nm), and is dependent on the polymer host. PTMC:LiTFSI shows the most severe decomposition of both polymer and salt followed by PCL:LiTFSI and PEO:LiTFSI. In addition, the movement of lithium species through the decomposed interface shows large variation depending on the polymer electrolyte system.…
Author details: | Edvin K. W. AnderssonORCiD, Christofer SångelandORCiD, Elin BerggrenORCiD, Fredrik O. L. JohanssonORCiD, Danilo KühnORCiDGND, Andreas LindbladORCiD, Jonas MindemarkORCiD, Maria HahlinORCiD |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ta05015j |
ISSN: | 2050-7488 |
ISSN: | 2050-7496 |
Title of parent work (English): | Journal of materials chemistry : A, Materials for energy and sustainability |
Publisher: | Royal Society of Chemistry |
Place of publishing: | Cambridge |
Publication type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of first publication: | 2021/10/12 |
Publication year: | 2021 |
Release date: | 2024/05/24 |
Volume: | 9 |
Issue: | 39 |
Number of pages: | 10 |
First page: | 22462 |
Last Page: | 22471 |
Funding institution: | Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (project SOLID ALIBI) [139501338]; Batteries Sweden (BASE); STandUP for Energy; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2018-05336] |
Organizational units: | Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Institut für Physik und Astronomie |
DDC classification: | 5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 53 Physik / 530 Physik |
5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 54 Chemie / 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften | |
Peer review: | Referiert |
Publishing method: | Open Access / Hybrid Open-Access |
License (English): | Creative Commons - Namensnennung 3.0 Unported |