TY - JOUR A1 - Hoferichter, Frances A1 - Laetsch, Alexander A1 - Lazarides, Rebecca A1 - Raufelder, Diana T1 - The big-fish-little-pond effect on the four facets of academic self-concept JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - The social context plays a decisive role in the formation of the academic self-concept (ASC) and has been widely studied as the big-fish-little-pond-effect (BFLPE). This effect describes that comparable talented students in high-achieving school settings have a lower ASC compared to equally talented students attending low-achieving settings. Past research has focused on students’ domain-specific ASC, while little is known about the relation of achievement-related classroom compositions and the various facets of ASC. Additionally, BFLPE-research has been critiqued to build its theoretical frame on social comparison theory, without providing sufficient empirical support. To address this gap, we analyzed how the single student’s social, criterial, absolute, and individual ASC relate to class-level achievement of 8th graders. Applying Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling (MLSEM) we found that all facets of ASC were significantly related to average-class achievement, while student’s social ASC revealed the strongest associated. The results reveal explicitly that average-class achievement is strongly related to social comparison processes. KW - big-fish-little-pond-effect KW - social KW - criterial KW - absolute KW - individual academic self-concept (SESSKO) KW - high-ability tracked students Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01247 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gou, Tingyu A1 - Liu, Rui A1 - Kliem, Bernhard A1 - Wang, Yuming A1 - Veronig, Astrid M. T1 - The birth of a coronal mass ejection JF - Science Advances N2 - The Sun’s atmosphere is frequently disrupted by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), coupled with flares and energetic particles. The coupling is usually attributed to magnetic reconnection at a vertical current sheet connecting the flare and CME, with the latter embedding a helical magnetic structure known as flux rope. However, both the origin of flux ropes and their nascent paths toward eruption remain elusive. Here, we present an observation of how a stellar-sized CME bubble evolves continuously from plasmoids, mini flux ropes that are barely resolved, within half an hour. The eruption initiates when plasmoids springing from a vertical current sheet merge into a leading plasmoid, which rises at increasing speeds and expands impulsively into the CME bubble, producing hard x-ray bursts simultaneously. This observation illuminates a complete CME evolutionary path capable of accommodating a wide variety of plasma phenomena by bridging the gap between microscale and macroscale dynamics. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau7004 SN - 2375-2548 VL - 5 IS - 3 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Premier, Joseph A1 - Fickel, Jörns A1 - Heurich, Marco A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie T1 - The boon and bane of boldness BT - movement syndrome as saviour and sink for population genetic diversity JF - Movement Ecology N2 - Background: Many felid species are of high conservation concern, and with increasing human disturbance the situation is worsening. Small isolated populations are at risk of genetic impoverishment decreasing within-species biodiversity. Movement is known to be a key behavioural trait that shapes both demographic and genetic dynamics and affects population survival. However, we have limited knowledge on how different manifestations of movement behaviour translate to population processes. In this study, we aimed to 1) understand the potential effects of movement behaviour on the genetic diversity of small felid populations in heterogeneous landscapes, while 2) presenting a simulation tool that can help inform conservation practitioners following, or considering, population management actions targeting the risk of genetic impoverishment. Methods: We developed a spatially explicit individual-based population model including neutral genetic markers for felids and applied this to the example of Eurasian lynx. Using a neutral landscape approach, we simulated reintroductions into a three-patch system, comprising two breeding patches separated by a larger patch of differing landscape heterogeneity, and tested for the effects of various behavioural movement syndromes and founder population sizes. We explored a range of movement syndromes by simulating populations with various movement model parametrisations that range from 'shy' to 'bold' movement behaviour. Results: We find that movement syndromes can lead to a higher loss of genetic diversity and an increase in between population genetic structure for both "bold" and "shy" movement behaviours, depending on landscape conditions, with larger decreases in genetic diversity and larger increases in genetic differentiation associated with bold movement syndromes, where the first colonisers quickly reproduce and subsequently dominate the gene pool. In addition, we underline the fact that a larger founder population can offset the genetic losses associated with subpopulation isolation and gene pool dominance. Conclusions We identified a movement syndrome trade-off for population genetic variation, whereby bold-explorers could be saviours - by connecting populations and promoting panmixia, or sinks - by increasing genetic losses via a 'founder takes all' effect, whereas shy-stayers maintain a more gradual genetic drift due to their more cautious behaviour. Simulations should incorporate movement behaviour to provide better projections of long-term population viability and within-species biodiversity, which includes genetic diversity. Simulations incorporating demographics and genetics have great potential for informing conservation management actions, such as population reintroductions or reinforcements. Here, we present such a simulation tool for solitary felids. KW - Lynx lynx KW - neutral landscape models KW - eurasian lynx KW - natal dispersal KW - home range KW - fragmented landscapes KW - behavioral syndromes KW - habitat loss KW - personality KW - mortality Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00204-y SN - 2051-3933 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Felisatti, Arianna A1 - Aagten-Murphy, David A1 - Laubrock, Jochen A1 - Shaki, Samuel A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - The brain’s asymmetric frequency tuning BT - asymmetric behavior originates from asymmetric perception JF - Symmetry / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) N2 - To construct a coherent multi-modal percept, vertebrate brains extract low-level features (such as spatial and temporal frequencies) from incoming sensory signals. However, because frequency processing is lateralized with the right hemisphere favouring low frequencies while the left favours higher frequencies, this introduces asymmetries between the hemispheres. Here, we describe how this lateralization shapes the development of several cognitive domains, ranging from visuo-spatial and numerical cognition to language, social cognition, and even aesthetic appreciation, and leads to the emergence of asymmetries in behaviour. We discuss the neuropsychological and educational implications of these emergent asymmetries and suggest future research approaches. KW - asymmetry KW - global KW - local KW - spatial frequencies KW - temporal frequencies KW - embodied cognition Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12122083 SN - 2073-8994 VL - 12 IS - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wassermann, Birgit A1 - Abdelfattah, Ahmed A1 - Wicaksono, Wisnu Adi A1 - Kusstatscher, Peter A1 - Müller, Henry A1 - Cernava, Tomislav A1 - Goertz, Simon A1 - Rietz, Steffen A1 - Abbadi, Amine A1 - Berg, Gabriele T1 - The Brassica napus seed microbiota is cultivar-specific and transmitted via paternal breeding lines JF - Microbial biotechnology N2 - Seed microbiota influence germination and plant health and have the potential to improve crop performance, but the factors that determine their structure and functions are still not fully understood. Here, we analysed the impact of plant-related and external factors on seed endophyte communities of 10 different oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars from 26 field sites across Europe. All seed lots harboured a high abundance and diversity of endophytes, which were dominated by six genera: Ralstonia, Serratia, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Sphingomonas. The cultivar was the main factor explaining the variations in bacterial diversity, abundance and composition. In addition, the latter was significantly influenced by diverse biotic and abiotic factors, for example host germination rates and disease resistance against Plasmodiophora brassicae. A set of bacterial biomarkers was identified to discriminate between characteristics of the seeds, for example Sphingomonas for improved germination and Brevundimonas for disease resistance. Application of a Bayesian community approach suggested vertical transmission of seed endophytes, where the paternal parent plays a major role and might even determine the germination performance of the offspring. This study contributes to the understanding of seed microbiome assembly and underlines the potential of the microbiome to be implemented in crop breeding and biocontrol programmes. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14077 SN - 1751-7915 VL - 15 IS - 9 SP - 2379 EP - 2390 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fliesser, Michael A1 - De Witt Huberts, Jessie A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria T1 - The choice that matters: the relative influence of socioeconomic status indicators on chronic back pain- a longitudinal study JF - BMC health services research N2 - Background: In health research, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) are often used interchangeably and often lack theoretical foundation. This makes it difficult to compare results from different studies and to explore the relationship between SES and health outcomes. To aid researchers in choosing appropriate indicators of SES, this article proposes and tests a theory-based selection of SES indicators using chronic back pain as a health outcome. Results: Chronic back pain intensity was best predicted by the multidimensional index (beta = 0.31, p < 0.05), followed by job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05) and education (beta = -0.29, p < 0.05); whereas, income exerted no significant influence. Back pain disability was predicted strongest by education (beta = -0.30, p < 0.05) and job position (beta = 0. 29, p < 0.05). Here, multidimensional index and income had no significant influence. Conclusions: The choice of SES indicators influences predictive power on both back pain dimensions, suggesting SES predictors cannot be used interchangeably. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider prior to each study which SES indicator to use. The introduced framework can be valuable in supporting this decision because it allows for a stable prediction of SES indicator influence and their hierarchy on a specific health outcomes. KW - socioeconomic status KW - Indicators of socioeconomic status KW - health inequality KW - education KW - job position KW - income KW - chronic back pain Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2735-9 SN - 1472-6963 VL - 17 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Godess-Riccitelli, Moran T1 - The cipher of nature in Kant's third Critique BT - how to represent natural beauty as meaningful? JF - Con-Textos Kantianos : international journal of philosophy N2 - What is it that we encountered with in our aesthetic experience of natural beauty? Does nature "figuratively speaks to us in its beautiful forms", 2 to use Kant's phrasing in the third Critique, or is it merely our way of interpreting nature whether this be its purpose or not? Kant does not answer these questions directly. Rather, he leaves the ambiguity around them by his repeated use of terminology of ciphers when it comes to our aesthetic experience in nature. This paper examines Kant's terminology of ciphers in the Critique of Judgment and demonstrate through it the intimate link aesthetic experience in natural beauty has with human morality. A link whose culmination point is embodied in the representation of beauty as a symbol of morality. KW - aesthetic experience KW - aesthetic judgment KW - critique of judgment KW - figurative language KW - morality KW - natural beauty Y1 - 2020 SN - 2386-7655 IS - 12 SP - 338 EP - 357 PB - Instituto de Filosofía del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CY - Madrid ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Apriyanto, Ardha A1 - Tambunan, Van Basten T1 - The complete mitochondrial genome of oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust BT - (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) JF - Mitochondrial DNA: Part B N2 - Elaeidobius kamerunicusis the most important insect pollinator in oil palm plantations. In this study, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) ofE. kamerunicus(17.729 bp), a member of the Curculionidae family, will be reported. The mitogenome consisted of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a putative control region (CR). Phylogenetic analysis based on 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) using maximum Likelihood (ML) methods indicated thatE. kamerunicusbelongs to the Curculionidae family. This mitochondrial genome provides essential information for understanding genetic populations, phylogenetics, molecular evolution, and other biological applications in this species. KW - Mitogenome KW - oil palm KW - pollinator KW - phylogeny KW - weevil Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2020.1823899 SN - 2380-2359 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 3450 EP - 3452 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinecke, Robert A1 - Trautmann, Tim A1 - Wagener, Thorsten A1 - Schüler, Katja T1 - The critical need to foster computational reproducibility JF - Environmental research letters KW - reproducibility KW - models KW - software KW - Open Science Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5cf8 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 17 IS - 4 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jara Muñoz, Julius A1 - Melnick, Daniel A1 - Li, Shaoyang A1 - Socquet, Anne A1 - Cortés-Aranda, Joaquín A1 - Brill, Dominik A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - The cryptic seismic potential of the Pichilemu blind fault in Chile revealed by off-fault geomorphology JF - Nature Communications N2 - The first step towards assessing hazards in seismically active regions involves mapping capable faults and estimating their recurrence times. While the mapping of active faults is commonly based on distinct geologic and geomorphic features evident at the surface, mapping blind seismogenic faults is complicated by the absence of on-fault diagnostic features. Here we investigated the Pichilemu Fault in coastal Chile, unknown until it generated a Mw 7.0 earthquake in 2010. The lack of evident surface faulting suggests activity along a partly-hidden blind fault. We used off-fault deformed marine terraces to estimate a fault-slip rate of 0.52 ± 0.04 m/ka, which, when integrated with satellite geodesy suggests a 2.12 ± 0.2 ka recurrence time for Mw~7.0 normal-faulting earthquakes. We propose that extension in the Pichilemu region is associated with stress changes during megathrust earthquakes and accommodated by sporadic slip during upper-plate earthquakes, which has implications for assessing the seismic potential of cryptic faults along convergent margins and elsewhere. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30754-1 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 13 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER -