TY - JOUR
A1 - van Soest, Heleen L.
A1 - Aleluia Reis, Lara
A1 - Baptista, Luiz Bernardo
A1 - Bertram, Christoph
A1 - Després, Jacques
A1 - Drouet, Laurent
A1 - den Elzen, Michel
A1 - Fragkos, Panagiotis
A1 - Fricko, Oliver
A1 - Fujimori, Shinichiro
A1 - Grant, Neil
A1 - Harmsen, Mathijs
A1 - Iyer, Gokul
A1 - Keramidas, Kimon
A1 - Köberle, Alexandre C.
A1 - Kriegler, Elmar
A1 - Malik, Aman
A1 - Mittal, Shivika
A1 - Oshiro, Ken
A1 - Riahi, Keywan
A1 - Roelfsema, Mark
A1 - van Ruijven, Bas
A1 - Schaeffer, Roberto
A1 - Silva Herran, Diego
A1 - Tavoni, Massimo
A1 - Ünlü, Gamze
A1 - Vandyck, Toon
A1 - van Vuuren, Detlef P.
T1 - Global roll-out of comprehensive policy measures may aid in bridging emissions gap
JF - Nature communications
N2 - Closing the emissions gap between Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the global emissions levels needed to achieve the Paris Agreement’s climate goals will require a comprehensive package of policy measures. National and sectoral policies can help fill the gap, but success stories in one country cannot be automatically replicated in other countries. They need to be adapted to the local context. Here, we develop a new Bridge scenario based on nationally relevant, short-term measures informed by interactions with country experts. These good practice policies are rolled out globally between now and 2030 and combined with carbon pricing thereafter. We implement this scenario with an ensemble of global integrated assessment models. We show that the Bridge scenario closes two-thirds of the emissions gap between NDC and 2 °C scenarios by 2030 and enables a pathway in line with the 2 °C goal when combined with the necessary long-term changes, i.e. more comprehensive pricing measures after 2030. The Bridge scenario leads to a scale-up of renewable energy (reaching 52%–88% of global electricity supply by 2050), electrification of end-uses, efficiency improvements in energy demand sectors, and enhanced afforestation and reforestation. Our analysis suggests that early action via good-practice policies is less costly than a delay in global climate cooperation.
KW - climate-change mitigation
KW - climate-change policy
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26595-z
VL - 12
IS - 1
PB - Nature Publishing Group UK
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ye, Fangyuan
A1 - Zhang, Shuo
A1 - Warby, Jonathan
A1 - Wu, Jiawei
A1 - Gutierrez-Partida, Emilio
A1 - Lang, Felix
A1 - Shah, Sahil
A1 - Saglamkaya, Elifnaz
A1 - Sun, Bowen
A1 - Zu, Fengshuo
A1 - Shoai, Safa
A1 - Wang, Haifeng
A1 - Stiller, Burkhard
A1 - Neher, Dieter
A1 - Zhu, Wei-Hong
A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin
A1 - Wu, Yongzhen
T1 - Overcoming C₆₀-induced interfacial recombination in inverted perovskite solar cells by electron-transporting carborane
JF - Nature Communications
N2 - Inverted perovskite solar cells still suffer from significant non-radiative recombination losses at the perovskite surface and across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface, limiting the future development of perovskite-based single- and multi-junction photovoltaics. Therefore, more effective inter- or transport layers are urgently required. To tackle these recombination losses, we introduce ortho-carborane as an interlayer material that has a spherical molecular structure and a three-dimensional aromaticity. Based on a variety of experimental techniques, we show that ortho-carborane decorated with phenylamino groups effectively passivates the perovskite surface and essentially eliminates the non-radiative recombination loss across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface with high thermal stability. We further demonstrate the potential of carborane as an electron transport material, facilitating electron extraction while blocking holes from the interface. The resulting inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of over 23% with a low non-radiative voltage loss of 110 mV, and retain >97% of the initial efficiency after 400 h of maximum power point tracking. Overall, the designed carborane based interlayer simultaneously enables passivation, electron-transport and hole-blocking and paves the way toward more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34203-x
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 13
IS - 1
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - BOOK
ED - Löw, Martina
ED - Sayman, Volkan
ED - Schwerer, Jona
ED - Wolf, Hannah
T1 - Am Ende der Globalisierung
BT - über die Refiguration von Räumen
T3 - Re-Figuration von Räumen
N2 - Die Globalisierung ist zur allgegenwärtigen Gewissheit geworden. Doch wie zutreffend ist das Konzept »Globalisierung«, wenn zeitgleich nationale Grenzen gestärkt und transnationale Freihandelszonen ausgeweitet werden, wenn auf unterschiedlichen scales Territorien überwunden und zugleich territoriale Abgrenzungen neu gesetzt werden? Aktuelle Veränderungen als Re-Figuration von Räumen zu verstehen, ermöglicht die Analyse und Diskussion widersprüchlicher, spannungsreicher und konflikthafter räumlicher Prozesse und ihrer alltäglichen Erfahrung. Die interdisziplinären Beiträge des Bandes liefern theoretische und empirische Analysen zu politischen, digitalen und alltäglichen Räumen im Konzept der Re-Figuration.
KW - Globalisierung
KW - Raum
KW - Re-Figuration
KW - Moderne
KW - Sicherheit
KW - Stadt
KW - Land
KW - Nationalstaat
KW - Europa
KW - Wissen
KW - Grenze
KW - Digitale Planung
KW - Smart City
KW - Öffentlichkeit
KW - Medien
KW - Migration
KW - Tourismus
KW - Berlin
KW - Wandel
KW - Lebensmittel
KW - Materialität
KW - Soziologische Theorie
KW - Soziologie
KW - globalization
KW - space
KW - modernity
KW - security
KW - city
KW - country
KW - nation-state
KW - europe
KW - knowledge
KW - border
KW - digital planning
KW - public sphere
KW - media
KW - tourism
KW - change
KW - foods
KW - materiality
KW - sociological theory
KW - sociology
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-8376-5402-8
SN - 978-3-8394-5402-2
U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839454022
VL - 1
PB - transcript
CY - Bielefeld
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ehrig, Lukas
A1 - Wagner, Ann-Christin
A1 - Wolter, Heike
A1 - Correll, Christoph U.
A1 - Geisel, Olga
A1 - Konigorski, Stefan
T1 - FASDetect as a machine learning-based screening app for FASD in youth with ADHD
JF - npj Digital Medicine
N2 - Fetal alcohol-spectrum disorder (FASD) is underdiagnosed and often misdiagnosed as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we develop a screening tool for FASD in youth with ADHD symptoms. To develop the prediction model, medical record data from a German University outpatient unit are assessed including 275 patients aged 0-19 years old with FASD with or without ADHD and 170 patients with ADHD without FASD aged 0-19 years old. We train 6 machine learning models based on 13 selected variables and evaluate their performance. Random forest models yield the best prediction models with a cross-validated AUC of 0.92 (95% confidence interval [0.84, 0.99]). Follow-up analyses indicate that a random forest model with 6 variables - body length and head circumference at birth, IQ, socially intrusive behaviour, poor memory and sleep disturbance - yields equivalent predictive accuracy. We implement the prediction model in a web-based app called FASDetect - a user-friendly, clinically scalable FASD risk calculator that is freely available at https://fasdetect.dhc-lab.hpi.de.
KW - Medical research
KW - Psychiatric disorders
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00864-1
SN - 2398-6352
VL - 6
IS - 1
PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited
CY - Basingstoke
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Slosarek, Tamara
A1 - Ibing, Susanne
A1 - Schormair, Barbara
A1 - Heyne, Henrike
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Andlauer, Till
A1 - Schurmann, Claudia
T1 - Implementation and evaluation of personal genetic testing as part of genomics analysis courses in German universities
JF - BMC Medical Genomics
N2 - Purpose
Due to the increasing application of genome analysis and interpretation in medical disciplines, professionals require adequate education. Here, we present the implementation of personal genotyping as an educational tool in two genomics courses targeting Digital Health students at the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and medical students at the Technical University of Munich (TUM).
Methods
We compared and evaluated the courses and the students ' perceptions on the course setup using questionnaires.
Results
During the course, students changed their attitudes towards genotyping (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 47% [25 of 53]). Predominantly, students became more critical of personal genotyping (HPI: 73% [11 of 15], TUM: 72% [18 of 25]) and most students stated that genetic analyses should not be allowed without genetic counseling (HPI: 79% [15 of 19], TUM: 70% [37 of 53]). Students found the personal genotyping component useful (HPI: 89% [17 of 19], TUM: 92% [49 of 53]) and recommended its inclusion in future courses (HPI: 95% [18 of 19], TUM: 98% [52 of 53]).
Conclusion
Students perceived the personal genotyping component as valuable in the described genomics courses. The implementation described here can serve as an example for future courses in Europe.
KW - Genomics education
KW - Personal genotyping
KW - Personalized medicine
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-023-01503-0
SN - 1755-8794
VL - 16
IS - 1
PB - BMC
CY - London
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Rieskamp, Jonas
A1 - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1 - Hofeditz, Lennart
A1 - Vischedyk, Justin
T1 - Conversational agents and their influence on the well-being of cliniciansclinicians
T2 - ACIS 2023 proceedings
N2 - An increasing number of clinicians (i.e., nurses and physicians) suffer from mental health-related issues like depression and burnout. These, in turn, stress communication, collaboration, and decision- making—areas in which Conversational Agents (CAs) have shown to be useful. Thus, in this work, we followed a mixed-method approach and systematically analysed the literature on factors affecting the well-being of clinicians and CAs’ potential to improve said well-being by relieving support in communication, collaboration, and decision-making in hospitals. In this respect, we are guided by Brigham et al. (2018)’s model of factors influencing well-being. Based on an initial number of 840 articles, we further analysed 52 papers in more detail and identified the influences of CAs’ fields of application on external and individual factors affecting clinicians’ well-being. As our second method, we will conduct interviews with clinicians and experts on CAs to verify and extend these influencing factors.
KW - conversational agents
KW - well-being
KW - mental health
KW - hospitals
KW - clinicians
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/acis2023/66
PB - Australasian Association for Information Systems
CY - Wellington
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Lemke, Tristan
T1 - Übergewinnsteuer durch die Hintertür
T2 - Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional
KW - Deutschland
KW - Finanzverfassung
KW - Sonderabgabe
KW - Umlageverfahren
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.17176/20220909-230727-0
SN - 2366-7044
PB - Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Numberger, Daniela
A1 - Ganzert, Lars
A1 - Zoccarato, Luca
A1 - Mühldorfer, Kristin
A1 - Sauer, Sascha
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1 - Greenwood, Alex D.
T1 - Characterization of bacterial communities in wastewater with enhanced taxonomic resolution by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Wastewater treatment is crucial to environmental hygiene in urban environments. However, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) collect chemicals, organic matter, and microorganisms including pathogens and multi-resistant bacteria from various sources which may be potentially released into the environment via WWTP effluent. To better understand microbial dynamics in WWTPs, we characterized and compared the bacterial community of the inflow and effluent of a WWTP in Berlin, Germany using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, which allowed for species level determination in many cases and generally resolved bacterial taxa. Significantly distinct bacterial communities were identified in the wastewater inflow and effluent samples. Dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) varied both temporally and spatially. Disease associated bacterial groups were efficiently reduced in their relative abundance from the effluent by the WWTP treatment process, except for Legionella and Leptospira species which demonstrated an increase in relative proportion from inflow to effluent. This indicates that WWTPs, while effective against enteric bacteria, may enrich and release other potentially pathogenic bacteria into the environment. The taxonomic resolution of full-length 16S rRNA genes allows for improved characterization of potential pathogenic taxa and other harmful bacteria which is required to reliably assess health risk.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46015-z
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 9
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kupfer, Thomas
A1 - Bauer, Evan B.
A1 - van Roestel, Jan
A1 - Bellm, Eric C.
A1 - Bildsten, Lars
A1 - Fuller, Jim
A1 - Prince, Thomas A.
A1 - Heber, Ulrich
A1 - Geier, Stephan
A1 - Green, Matthew J.
A1 - Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
A1 - Bloemen, Steven
A1 - Laher, Russ R.
A1 - Rusholme, Ben
A1 - Schneider, David
T1 - Discovery of a Double-detonation Thermonuclear Supernova Progenitor
JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters
N2 - We present the discovery of a new double-detonation progenitor system consisting of a hot subdwarf B (sdB) binary with a white dwarf companion with a P (orb) = 76.34179(2) minutes orbital period. Spectroscopic observations are consistent with an sdB star during helium core burning residing on the extreme horizontal branch. Chimera light curves are dominated by ellipsoidal deformation of the sdB star and a weak eclipse of the companion white dwarf. Combining spectroscopic and light curve fits, we find a low-mass sdB star, M (sdB) = 0.383 +/- 0.028 M (circle dot) with a massive white dwarf companion, M (WD) = 0.725 +/- 0.026 M (circle dot). From the eclipses we find a blackbody temperature for the white dwarf of 26,800 K resulting in a cooling age of approximate to 25 Myr whereas our MESA model predicts an sdB age of approximate to 170 Myr. We conclude that the sdB formed first through stable mass transfer followed by a common envelope which led to the formation of the white dwarf companion approximate to 25 Myr ago. Using the MESA stellar evolutionary code we find that the sdB star will start mass transfer in approximate to 6 Myr and in approximate to 60 Myr the white dwarf will reach a total mass of 0.92 M (circle dot) with a thick helium layer of 0.17 M (circle dot). This will lead to a detonation that will likely destroy the white dwarf in a peculiar thermonuclear supernova. PTF1 J2238+7430 is only the second confirmed candidate for a double-detonation thermonuclear supernova. Using both systems we estimate that at least approximate to 1% of white dwarf thermonuclear supernovae originate from sdB+WD binaries with thick helium layers, consistent with the small number of observed peculiar thermonuclear explosions.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac48f1
SN - 2041-8205
SN - 2041-8213
VL - 925
IS - 2
PB - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Palmer, Matthew D.
A1 - Gregory, Jonathan
A1 - Bagge, Meike
A1 - Calvert, Daley
A1 - Hagedoorn, Jan Marius
A1 - Howard, Tom
A1 - Klemann, Volker
A1 - Lowe, Jason A.
A1 - Roberts, Chris
A1 - Slangen, Aimee B. A.
A1 - Spada, Giorgio
T1 - Exploring the drivers of global and local sea‐level change over the 21st century and beyond
JF - Earth's future
N2 - We present a new set of global and local sea‐level projections at example tide gauge locations under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios. Compared to the CMIP5‐based sea‐level projections presented in IPCC AR5, we introduce a number of methodological innovations, including (i) more comprehensive treatment of uncertainties, (ii) direct traceability between global and local projections, and (iii) exploratory extended projections to 2300 based on emulation of individual CMIP5 models. Combining the projections with observed tide gauge records, we explore the contribution to total variance that arises from sea‐level variability, different emissions scenarios, and model uncertainty. For the period out to 2300 we further breakdown the model uncertainty by sea‐level component and consider the dependence on geographic location, time horizon, and emissions scenario. Our analysis highlights the importance of local variability for sea‐level change in the coming decades and the potential value of annual‐to‐decadal predictions of local sea‐level change. Projections to 2300 show a substantial degree of committed sea‐level rise under all emissions scenarios considered and highlight the reduced future risk associated with RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 compared to RCP8.5. Tide gauge locations can show large ( > 50%) departures from the global average, in some cases even reversing the sign of the change. While uncertainty in projections of the future Antarctic ice dynamic response tends to dominate post‐2100, we see substantial differences in the breakdown of model variance as a function of location, time scale, and emissions scenario.
KW - climate change
KW - CMIP5 models
KW - RCP scenarios
KW - sea-level projections
KW - tide gauge observations
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001413
SN - 2328-4277
VL - 8
IS - 9
SP - 1
EP - 25
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Garbulowski, Mateusz
A1 - Smolinska, Karolina
A1 - Çabuk, Uğur
A1 - Yones, Sara A.
A1 - Celli, Ludovica
A1 - Yaz, Esma Nur
A1 - Barrenas, Fredrik
A1 - Diamanti, Klev
A1 - Wadelius, Claes
A1 - Komorowski, Jan
T1 - Machine learning-based analysis of glioma grades reveals co-enrichment
JF - Cancers
N2 - Simple Summary Gliomas are heterogenous types of cancer, therefore the therapy should be personalized and targeted toward specific pathways. We developed a methodology that corrected strong batch effects from The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets and estimated glioma grade-specific co-enrichment mechanisms using machine learning. Our findings created hypotheses for annotations, e.g., pathways, that should be considered as therapeutic targets. Gliomas develop and grow in the brain and central nervous system. Examining glioma grading processes is valuable for improving therapeutic challenges. One of the most extensive repositories storing transcriptomics data for gliomas is The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). However, such big cohorts should be processed with caution and evaluated thoroughly as they can contain batch and other effects. Furthermore, biological mechanisms of cancer contain interactions among biomarkers. Thus, we applied an interpretable machine learning approach to discover such relationships. This type of transparent learning provides not only good predictability, but also reveals co-predictive mechanisms among features. In this study, we corrected the strong and confounded batch effect in the TCGA glioma data. We further used the corrected datasets to perform comprehensive machine learning analysis applied on single-sample gene set enrichment scores using collections from the Molecular Signature Database. Furthermore, using rule-based classifiers, we displayed networks of co-enrichment related to glioma grades. Moreover, we validated our results using the external glioma cohorts. We believe that utilizing corrected glioma cohorts from TCGA may improve the application and validation of any future studies. Finally, the co-enrichment and survival analysis provided detailed explanations for glioma progression and consequently, it should support the targeted treatment.
KW - glioma
KW - machine learning
KW - batch effect
KW - TCGA
KW - co-enrichment
KW - rough sets
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14041014
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 14
IS - 4
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ilicic, Doris
A1 - Woodhouse, Jason Nicholas
A1 - Karsten, Ulf
A1 - Zimmermann, Jonas
A1 - Wichard, Thomas
A1 - Quartino, Maria Liliana
A1 - Campana, Gabriela Laura
A1 - Livenets, Alexandra
A1 - Van den Wyngaert, Silke
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1 - Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones
JF - Frontiers in microbiology
N2 - Aquatic ecosystems are frequently overlooked as fungal habitats, although there is increasing evidence that their diversity and ecological importance are greater than previously considered. Aquatic fungi are critical and abundant components of nutrient cycling and food web dynamics, e.g., exerting top-down control on phytoplankton communities and forming symbioses with many marine microorganisms. However, their relevance for microphytobenthic communities is almost unexplored. In the light of global warming, polar regions face extreme changes in abiotic factors with a severe impact on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, this study aimed to describe, for the first time, fungal diversity in Antarctic benthic habitats along the salinity gradient and to determine the co-occurrence of fungal parasites with their algal hosts, which were dominated by benthic diatoms. Our results reveal that Ascomycota and Chytridiomycota are the most abundant fungal taxa in these habitats. We show that also in Antarctic waters, salinity has a major impact on shaping not just fungal but rather the whole eukaryotic community composition, with a diversity of aquatic fungi increasing as salinity decreases. Moreover, we determined correlations between putative fungal parasites and potential benthic diatom hosts, highlighting the need for further systematic analysis of fungal diversity along with studies on taxonomy and ecological roles of Chytridiomycota.
KW - Antarctica
KW - aquatic fungi
KW - Chytridiomycota
KW - phytoplankton host
KW - salinity gradient
KW - Illumina amplicon sequencing
KW - Carlini Station
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.805694
SN - 1664-302X
IS - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Numberger, Daniela
A1 - Dreier, Carola
A1 - Vullioud, Colin
A1 - Gabriel, Guelsah
A1 - Greenwood, Alex D.
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1 - Correction: Recovery of influenza A viruses from lake water and sediments by experimental inoculation (vol 14, e0216880, 2019)
T2 - PLoS one
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218882
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 14
IS - 6
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nwosu, Ebuka Canisius
A1 - Roeser, Patricia Angelika
A1 - Yang, Sizhong
A1 - Ganzert, Lars
A1 - Dellwig, Olaf
A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia
A1 - Brauer, Achim
A1 - Dittmann, Elke
A1 - Wagner, Dirk
A1 - Liebner, Susanne
T1 - From water into sediment-tracing freshwater cyanobacteria via DNA analyses
JF - Microorganisms : open access journal
N2 - Sedimentary ancient DNA-based studies have been used to probe centuries of climate and environmental changes and how they affected cyanobacterial assemblages in temperate lakes. Due to cyanobacteria containing potential bloom-forming and toxin-producing taxa, their approximate reconstruction from sediments is crucial, especially in lakes lacking long-term monitoring data. To extend the resolution of sediment record interpretation, we used high-throughput sequencing, amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis, and quantitative PCR to compare pelagic cyanobacterial composition to that in sediment traps (collected monthly) and surface sediments in Lake Tiefer See. Cyanobacterial composition, species richness, and evenness was not significantly different among the pelagic depths, sediment traps and surface sediments (p > 0.05), indicating that the cyanobacteria in the sediments reflected the cyanobacterial assemblage in the water column. However, total cyanobacterial abundances (qPCR) decreased from the metalimnion down the water column. The aggregate-forming (Aphanizomenon) and colony-forming taxa (Snowella) showed pronounced sedimentation. In contrast, Planktothrix was only very poorly represented in sediment traps (meta- and hypolimnion) and surface sediments, despite its highest relative abundance at the thermocline (10 m water depth) during periods of lake stratification (May-October). We conclude that this skewed representation in taxonomic abundances reflects taphonomic processes, which should be considered in future DNA-based paleolimnological investigations.
KW - Aphanizomenon
KW - Planktothrix
KW - Snowella
KW - cyanobacteria sedimentation
KW - lake monitoring
KW - sedimentary ancient DNA
KW - sediment traps
KW - environmental reconstruction
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081778
SN - 2076-2607
VL - 9
IS - 8
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nwosu, Ebuka Canisius
A1 - Roeser, Patricia Angelika
A1 - Yang, Sizhong
A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia
A1 - Ganzert, Lars
A1 - Dittmann, Elke
A1 - Brauer, Achim
A1 - Wagner, Dirk
A1 - Liebner, Susanne
T1 - Species-level spatio-temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria in a hard-water temperate lake in the Southern Baltics
JF - Frontiers in microbiology
N2 - Cyanobacteria are important primary producers in temperate freshwater ecosystems. However, studies on the seasonal and spatial distribution of cyanobacteria in deep lakes based on high-throughput DNA sequencing are still rare. In this study, we combined monthly water sampling and monitoring in 2019, amplicon sequence variants analysis (ASVs; a proxy for different species) and quantitative PCR targeting overall cyanobacteria abundance to describe the seasonal and spatial dynamics of cyanobacteria in the deep hard-water oligo-mesotrophic Lake Tiefer See, NE Germany. We observed significant seasonal variation in the cyanobacterial community composition (p < 0.05) in the epi- and metalimnion layers, but not in the hypolimnion. In winter-when the water column is mixed-picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus and Cyanobium) were dominant. With the onset of stratification in late spring, we observed potential niche specialization and coexistence among the cyanobacteria taxa driven mainly by light and nutrient dynamics. Specifically, ASVs assigned to picocyanobacteria and the genus Planktothrix were the main contributors to the formation of deep chlorophyll maxima along a light gradient. While Synechococcus and different Cyanobium ASVs were abundant in the epilimnion up to the base of the euphotic zone from spring to fall, Planktothrix mainly occurred in the metalimnetic layer below the euphotic zone where also overall cyanobacteria abundance was highest in summer. Our data revealed two potentially psychrotolerant (cold-adapted) Cyanobium species that appear to cope well under conditions of lower hypolimnetic water temperature and light as well as increasing sediment-released phosphate in the deeper waters in summer. The potential cold-adapted Cyanobium species were also dominant throughout the water column in fall and winter. Furthermore, Snowella and Microcystis-related ASVs were abundant in the water column during the onset of fall turnover. Altogether, these findings suggest previously unascertained and considerable spatiotemporal changes in the community of cyanobacteria on the species level especially within the genus Cyanobium in deep hard-water temperate lakes.
KW - Cyanobium
KW - picocyanobacteria diversity
KW - amplicon sequencing
KW - lake monitoring
KW - ecological succession
KW - lake stratification
KW - psychrotolerant
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.761259
SN - 1664-302X
VL - 12
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zoccarato, Luca
A1 - Sher, Daniel
A1 - Miki, Takeshi
A1 - Segre, Daniel
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1 - A comparative whole-genome approach identifies bacterial traits for marine microbial interactions
JF - Communications biology
N2 - Luca Zoccarato, Daniel Sher et al. leverage publicly available bacterial genomes from marine and other environments to examine traits underlying microbial interactions.
Their results provide a valuable resource to investigate clusters of functional and linked traits to better understand marine bacteria community assembly and dynamics.
Microbial interactions shape the structure and function of microbial communities with profound consequences for biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem health. Yet, most interaction mechanisms are studied only in model systems and their prevalence is unknown. To systematically explore the functional and interaction potential of sequenced marine bacteria, we developed a trait-based approach, and applied it to 473 complete genomes (248 genera), representing a substantial fraction of marine microbial communities.
We identified genome functional clusters (GFCs) which group bacterial taxa with common ecology and life history. Most GFCs revealed unique combinations of interaction traits, including the production of siderophores (10% of genomes), phytohormones (3-8%) and different B vitamins (57-70%). Specific GFCs, comprising Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, displayed more interaction traits than expected by chance, and are thus predicted to preferentially interact synergistically and/or antagonistically with bacteria and phytoplankton. Linked trait clusters (LTCs) identify traits that may have evolved to act together (e.g., secretion systems, nitrogen metabolism regulation and B vitamin transporters), providing testable hypotheses for complex mechanisms of microbial interactions.
Our approach translates multidimensional genomic information into an atlas of marine bacteria and their putative functions, relevant for understanding the fundamental rules that govern community assembly and dynamics.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03184-4
SN - 2399-3642
VL - 5
IS - 1
PB - Springer Nature
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Köhler, Raphael H.
A1 - Handorf, Dörthe
A1 - Jaiser, Ralf
A1 - Dethloff, Klaus
A1 - Zängl, Günther
A1 - Majewski, Detlev
A1 - Rex, Markus
T1 - Improved circulation in the Northern hemisphere by adjusting gravity wave drag parameterizations in seasonal experiments with ICON-NWP
JF - Earth and Space Science : ESS
N2 - The stratosphere is one of the main potential sources for subseasonal to seasonal predictability in midlatitudes in winter. The ability of an atmospheric model to realistically simulate the stratospheric dynamics is essential in order to move forward in the field of seasonal predictions in midlatitudes. Earlier studies with the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic atmospheric model (ICON) point out that stratospheric westerlies in ICON are underestimated. This is the first extensive study on the evaluation of Northern Hemisphere stratospheric winter circulation with ICON in numerical weather prediction (NWP) mode. Seasonal experiments with the default setup are able to reproduce the basic climatology of the stratospheric polar vortex. However, westerlies are too weak and major stratospheric warmings too frequent in ICON. Both a reduction of the nonorographic, and a reduction of the orographic gravity wave and wake drag lead to a strengthening of the stratospheric vortex and a bias reduction, in particular in January. However, the effect of the nonorographic gravity wave drag scheme on the stratosphere is stronger. Stratosphere-troposphere coupling is intensified and more realistic due to a reduced gravity wave drag. Furthermore, an adjustment of the subgrid-scale orographic drag parameterization leads to a significant error reduction in the mean sea level pressure. As a result of these findings, we present our current suggested improved setup for seasonal experiments with ICON-NWP.
Plain Language Summary Although seasonal forecasts for midlatitudes have the potential to be highly beneficial to the public sector, they are still characterized by a large amount of uncertainty. Exact simulations of the circulation in the stratosphere can help to improve tropospheric predictability on seasonal time scales. For this reason, we investigate how well the new German atmospheric model is able to simulate the stratospheric circulation. The model reproduces the basic behavior of the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex, but the westerly circulation in winter is underestimated. The stratospheric circulation is influenced by gravity waves that exert drag on the flow. These processes are only partly physically represented in the model, but are very important and are hence parameterized. By adjusting the parameterizations for the gravity wave drag, the stratospheric polar vortex is strengthened, thereby yielding a more realistic stratospheric circulation. In addition, the altered parameterizations improve the simulated surface pressure pattern. Based upon this, we present our current suggested improved model setup for seasonal experiments.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001676
SN - 2333-5084
VL - 8
IS - 3
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Malden, Mass.
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie
A1 - Hasenkamp, Natascha
A1 - Mayer, Jens
A1 - Michaux, Johan
A1 - Morand, Serge
A1 - Mazzoni, Camila J.
A1 - Roca, Alfred L.
A1 - Greenwood, Alex D.
T1 - Endogenous murine leukemia retroviral variation across wild European and inbred strains of house mouse
JF - BMC genomics
N2 - Background: Endogenous murine leukemia retroviruses (MLVs) are high copy number proviral elements difficult to comprehensively characterize using standard low throughput sequencing approaches. However, high throughput approaches generate data that is challenging to process, interpret and present.
Results: Next generation sequencing (NGS) data was generated for MLVs from two wild caught Mus musculus domesticus (from mainland France and Corsica) and for inbred laboratory mouse strains C3H, LP/J and SJL. Sequence reads were grouped using a novel sequence clustering approach as applied to retroviral sequences. A Markov cluster algorithm was employed, and the sequence reads were queried for matches to specific xenotropic (Xmv), polytropic (Pmv) and modified polytropic (Mpmv) viral reference sequences.
Conclusions: Various MLV subtypes were more widespread than expected among the mice, which may be due to the higher coverage of NGS, or to the presence of similar sequence across many different proviral loci. The results did not correlate with variation in the major MLV receptor Xpr1, which can restrict exogenous MLVs, suggesting that endogenous MLV distribution may reflect gene flow more than past resistance to infection.
KW - Murine leukemia virus
KW - Endogenous retrovirus
KW - Xpr1
KW - XMRV
KW - Genomic evolution
KW - Markov cluster algorithm
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1766-z
SN - 1471-2164
VL - 16
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Romanowsky, Erik
A1 - Handorf, Dörthe
A1 - Jaiser, Ralf
A1 - Wohltmann, Ingo
A1 - Dorn, Wolfgang
A1 - Ukita, Jinro
A1 - Cohen, Judah
A1 - Dethloff, Klaus
A1 - Rex, Markus
T1 - The role of stratospheric ozone for Arctic-midlatitude linkages
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Arctic warming was more pronounced than warming in midlatitudes in the last decades making this region a hotspot of climate change. Associated with this, a rapid decline of sea-ice extent and a decrease of its thickness has been observed. Sea-ice retreat allows for an increased transport of heat and momentum from the ocean up to the tropo- and stratosphere by enhanced upward propagation of planetary-scale atmospheric waves. In the upper atmosphere, these waves deposit the momentum transported, disturbing the stratospheric polar vortex, which can lead to a breakdown of this circulation with the potential to also significantly impact the troposphere in mid- to late-winter and early spring. Therefore, an accurate representation of stratospheric processes in climate models is necessary to improve the understanding of the impact of retreating sea ice on the atmospheric circulation. By modeling the atmospheric response to a prescribed decline in Arctic sea ice, we show that including interactive stratospheric ozone chemistry in atmospheric model calculations leads to an improvement in tropo-stratospheric interactions compared to simulations without interactive chemistry. This suggests that stratospheric ozone chemistry is important for the understanding of sea ice related impacts on atmospheric dynamics.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43823-1
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 9
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Numberger, Daniela
A1 - Dreier, Carole
A1 - Vullioud, Colin
A1 - Gabriel, Gülsah
A1 - Greenwood, Alex D.
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1 - Recovery of influenza a viruses from lake water and sediments by experimental inoculation
JF - PLoS one
N2 - Influenza A viruses (IAV) are zoonotic pathogens relevant to human, domestic animal and wildlife health. Many avian IAVs are transmitted among waterfowl via a faecal-oral-route. Therefore, environmental water where waterfowl congregate may play an important role in the ecology and epidemiology of avian IAV. Water and sediment may sustain and transmit virus among individuals or species. It is unclear at what concentrations waterborne viruses are infectious or remain detectable. To address this, we performed lake water and sediment dilution experiments with varying concentrations or infectious doses of four IAV strains from seal, turkey, duck and gull. To test for infectivity of the IAV strains in a concentration dependent manner, we applied cultivation to specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs and Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells. IAV recovery was more effective from embryonated chicken eggs than MDCK cells for freshwater lake dilutions, whereas, MDCK cells were more effective for viral recovery from sediment samples. Low infectious dose (1 PFU/200 mu L) was sufficient in most cases to detect and recover IAV from lake water dilutions. Sediment required higher initial infectious doses (>= 100 PFU/200 mu L).
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216880
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 14
IS - 5
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra
A1 - Robert, Margaux
A1 - Berlin, Noemi
A1 - Nebout, Antoine
A1 - Etile, Fabrice
A1 - Teyssier, Sabrina
A1 - Andreeva, Valentina A.
A1 - Hercberg, Serge
A1 - Touvier, Mathilde
A1 - Peneau, Sandrine
T1 - Mastery is associated with weight status, food intake, snacking, and eating disorder symptoms in the NutriNet-Sante cohort study
JF - Frontiers in Nutrition
N2 - Mastery is a psychological resource that is defined as the extent to which individuals perceive having control over important circumstances of their lives. Although mastery has been associated with various physical and psychological health outcomes, studies assessing its relationship with weight status and dietary behavior are lacking. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and eating disorder (ED) symptoms in the NutriNet-Sante cohort study. Mastery was measured with the Pearlin Mastery Scale (PMS) in 32,588 adults (77.45% female), the mean age was 50.04 (14.53) years. Height and weight were self-reported. Overall diet quality and food group consumption were evaluated with >= 3 self-reported 24-h dietary records (range: 3-27). Snacking was assessed with an ad-hoc question. ED symptoms were assessed with the Sick-Control-One-Fat-Food Questionnaire (SCOFF). Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and ED symptoms, controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Females with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be underweight (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.84, 0.93), overweight [OR: 0.94 (0.91, 0.97)], or obese [class I: OR: 0.86 (0.82, 0.90); class II: OR: 0.76 (0.71, 0.82); class III: OR: 0.77 (0.69, 0.86)]. Males with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be obese [class III: OR: 0.75 (0.57, 0.99)]. Mastery was associated with better diet quality overall, a higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, wholegrain foods, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and alcoholic beverages and with a lower consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, sugary and fatty products, milk-based desserts, and sweetened beverages. Mastery was also associated with lower snacking frequency [OR: 0.89 (0.86, 0.91)] and less ED symptoms [OR: 0.73 (0.71, 0.75)]. As mastery was associated with favorable dietary behavior and weight status, targeting mastery might be a promising approach in promoting healthy behaviors.
KW - mastery
KW - locus of control
KW - weight status
KW - diet quality
KW - food group consumption
KW - snacking
KW - eating disorder symptoms
KW - large population
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.871669
SN - 2296-861X
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Marx, Julian
A1 - Brünker, Felix
A1 - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1 - Stieglitz, Stefan
ED - Bui, Tung X.
T1 - Digital activism on social media
BT - the role of brand ambassadors and corporate reputation management
T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2 - Social media constitute an important arena for public debates and steady interchange of issues relevant to society. To boost their reputation, commercial organizations also engage in political, social, or environmental debates on social media. To engage in this type of digital activism, organizations increasingly utilize the social media profiles of executive employees and other brand ambassadors. However, the relationship between brand ambassadors’ digital activism and corporate reputation is only vaguely understood. The results of a qualitative inquiry suggest that digital activism via brand ambassadors can be risky (e.g., creating additional surface for firestorms, financial loss) and rewarding (e.g., emitting authenticity, employing ‘megaphones’ for industry change) at the same time. The paper informs both scholarship and practitioners about strategic trade-offs that need to be considered when employing brand ambassadors for digital activism.
KW - the bright and dark side of social media in the marginalized contexts
KW - brand ambassadors
KW - digital activism
KW - reputation management
KW - social media
Y1 - 2024
UR - https://hdl.handle.net/10125/107250
SN - 978-0-99813-317-1
SP - 7205
EP - 7214
PB - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii
CY - Honolulu, HI
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Philipowski, Katharina
T1 - Konrads ›Klage der Kunst‹ im Kontext von Sangspruchdichtung und allegorischem Ich-Erzählen
JF - Konrad von Würzburg als Erzähler
JF - Beiträge zur mediävistischen Erzählforschung
N2 - Die ›Klage der Kunst‹ Konrads wird auf dem Hintergrund und in Bezug zur Sangspruchdichtung sowie der Textfamilie allegorischer Erzählungen in der ersten Person untersucht. Während Strophik, Sangbarkeit und kunst-Thematik das Werk in den Kontext der Sangspruchdichtung rücken, stellt es sich durch seinen Umfang, seine Narrativität und das Erzähltempus, das die Handlung zwar nicht dominiert, aber rahmt, an die Seite erster früher Erzählexperimente, die Dialog, Streit oder Rede als erlebte Erfahrung eines Ich präsentieren wie das ›Frauenbuch‹ Ulrichs von Liechtenstein, das aber – ähnlich wie Konrads ›Klage der Kunst‹ – zu seiner Zeit offenbar nur mäßig erfolgreich, jedenfalls nur unikal überliefert, ist. Konrad scheint der erste zu sein, der in der höfischen Literatur das Erzählen in der ersten Person mit Allegorizität verknüpft. Er nutzt dieses neue und in der späteren Literatur so überaus fruchtbare Erzählformat geschickt, um seine eigene literarische Meisterschaft unter anderem in den Gestalten von wildekeit und kunst unter Beweis zu stellen, zu thematisieren und szenisch zu verhandeln.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://ojs.uni-oldenburg.de/ojs/index.php/bme/article/view/131
SN - 2568-9967
VL - 10
IS - Themenheft
SP - 57
EP - 79
PB - University of Oldenburg Press
CY - Oldenburg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Philipowski, Katharina
ED - Philipowski, Katharina
T1 - Medieval Forms of First-Person Narration II
BT - Narrativity and Discoursivity (Villa Vigoni Talks II)
T2 - Beiträge zur mediävistischen Erzählforschung
N2 - One of the central features that medieval narratives in the first person have in common is their specific structure. Most of them are not continuously and coherently narrative, but in most cases include long discursive sections or textual elements such as letters, prayers, songs, or dialogues. The classification of these texts as narrative literature is thus anything but self-evident. The contributions to this volume examine how first-person discursivity and narrativity interact in French, German, and Italian narratives, what interrelation exists between the first-person narrative stance and discursivity, and how the literary forms of narrativity and discursivity (each of which is assigned a specific tense, namely the past tense and the present tense) relate to each other.
KW - Mediävistik
KW - Erzählforschung
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://ojs.uni-oldenburg.de/ojs/index.php/bme/issue/view/24
SN - 2568-9967
VL - 14
IS - Special Issue
PB - University of Oldenburg Press
CY - Oldenburg
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1 - Rieskamp, Jonas
A1 - Hofeditz, Lennart
A1 - Stieglitz, Stefan
ED - Bui, Tung X.
T1 - Breaking down barriers
BT - how conversational agents facilitate open science and data sharing
T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2 - Many researchers hesitate to provide full access to their datasets due to a lack of knowledge about research data management (RDM) tools and perceived fears, such as losing the value of one's own data. Existing tools and approaches often do not take into account these fears and missing knowledge. In this study, we examined how conversational agents (CAs) can provide a natural way of guidance through RDM processes and nudge researchers towards more data sharing. This work offers an online experiment in which researchers interacted with a CA on a self-developed RDM platform and a survey on participants’ data sharing behavior. Our findings indicate that the presence of a guiding and enlightening CA on an RDM platform has a constructive influence on both the intention to share data and the actual behavior of data sharing. Notably, individual factors do not appear to impede or hinder this effect.
KW - open science practices in information systems research
KW - conversational agents
KW - data sharing
KW - digital nudging
KW - open science
KW - research data management
Y1 - 2024
UR - https://hdl.handle.net/10125/106457
SN - 978-0-99813-317-1
SP - 672
EP - 681
PB - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii
CY - Honolulu, HI
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Leubner, Martin
T1 - Differenzierung im Literaturunterricht
BT - ein Leitfaden und Aufgabenbeispiele
N2 - Der Band stellt ein Modell für einen differenzierenden Literaturunterricht vor, der individuelle Förderung für unterschiedliche Bereiche von Heterogenität ermöglicht.
Eine ergiebige Differenzierung nutzt die Aspekte Ziele, Themen und Methoden des Unterrichts sowie Lenkung und Aufgabenformat. Diese Aspekte werden mit Blick auf die einzelnen Phasen des Unterrichts präzisiert. Dabei werden Leistungsunterschiede, sprachliche, kulturelle und soziale sowie individuelle Voraussetzungen der einzelnen Schüler:innen deutlicher adressiert.
Einzelne exemplarische Aufgabensets mit ausführlicher Erläuterung dienen der Veranschaulichung des Modells. Zudem werden Unterrichtseinheiten vorgestellt, die systematisch Möglichkeiten der Differenzierung nutzen.
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://www.wbv.de/shop/Differenzierung-im-Literaturunterricht-I73538
SN - 978-3-76397-352-1
SN - 978-3-76397-353-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763973538
PB - wbv
CY - Bielefeld
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gorin, Vladislav A.
A1 - Scherz, Mark D.
A1 - Korost, Dmitry V.
A1 - Poyarkov, Nikolay A.
T1 - Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs
JF - Zoosystematics and evolution : Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin
N2 - The genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 includes 52 species and is one of the most diverse genera of the family Microhylidae, being the most species-rich taxon of the Asian subfamily Microhylinae. The recent, rapid description of numerous new species of Microhyla with complex phylogenetic relationships has made the taxonomy of the group especially challenging. Several recent phylogenetic studies suggested paraphyly of Microhyla with respect to Glyphoglossus Gunther, 1869, and revealed three major phylogenetic lineages of mid-Eocene origin within this assemblage. However, comprehensive works assessing morphological variation among and within these lineages are absent. In the present study we investigate the generic taxonomy of Microhyla-Glyphoglossus assemblage based on a new phylogeny including 57 species, comparative morphological analysis of skeletons from cleared-and-stained specimens for 23 species, and detailed descriptions of generalized osteology based on volume-rendered micro-CT scans for five speciesal-together representing all major lineages within the group. The results confirm three highly divergent and well-supported clades that correspond with external and osteological morphological characteristics, as well as respective geographic distribution. Accordingly, acknowledging ancient divergence between these lineages and their significant morphological differentiation, we propose to consider these three lineages as distinct genera: Microhyla sensu stricto, Glyphoglossus, and a newly described genus, Nanohyla gen. nov.
KW - Amphibians
KW - integrative taxonomy
KW - narrow-mouthed frogs
KW - micro-computed tomography
KW - Nanohyla gen. nov
KW - osteology
KW - sexual dimorphism
KW - taxonomic revision
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57968
SN - 1860-0743
VL - 97
IS - 1
SP - 21
EP - 54
PB - Pensoft Publishers
CY - Sofia
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reil, Daniela
A1 - Rosenfeld, Ulrike
A1 - Imholt, Christian
A1 - Schmidt, Sabrina
A1 - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1 - Eccard, Jana
A1 - Jacob, Jens
T1 - Puumala hantavirus infections in bank vole populations
BT - host and virus dynamics in Central Europe
JF - BMC ecology
N2 - Background
In Europe, bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are widely distributed and can transmit Puumala virus (PUUV) to humans, which causes a mild to moderate form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, called nephropathia epidemica. Uncovering the link between host and virus dynamics can help to prevent human PUUV infections in the future. Bank voles were live trapped three times a year in 2010–2013 in three woodland plots in each of four regions in Germany. Bank vole population density was estimated and blood samples collected to detect PUUV specific antibodies.
Results
We demonstrated that fluctuation of PUUV seroprevalence is dependent not only on multi-annual but also on seasonal dynamics of rodent host abundance. Moreover, PUUV infection might affect host fitness, because seropositive individuals survived better from spring to summer than uninfected bank voles. Individual space use was independent of PUUV infections.
Conclusions
Our study provides robust estimations of relevant patterns and processes of the dynamics of PUUV and its rodent host in Central Europe, which are highly important for the future development of predictive models for human hantavirus infection risk
KW - Myodes glareolus
KW - Population dynamics
KW - Puumala virus seroprevalence
KW - Space use
KW - Survival
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-017-0118-z
SN - 1472-6785
VL - 17
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Witzel, Katja
A1 - Abu Risha, Marua
A1 - Albers, Philip
A1 - Börnke, Frederik
A1 - Hanschen, Franziska S.
T1 - Identification and Characterization of Three Epithiospecifier Protein Isoforms in Brassica oleracea
JF - Frontiers in plant science
N2 - Glucosinolates present in Brassicaceae play a major role in herbivory defense. Upon tissue disruption, glucosinolates come into contact with myrosinase, which initiates their breakdown to biologically active compounds. Among these, the formation of epithionitriles is triggered by the presence of epithiospecifier protein (ESP) and a terminal double bond in the glucosinolate side chain. One ESP gene is characterized in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtESP; At1g54040.2). However, Brassica species underwent genome triplication since their divergence from the Arabidopsis lineage. This indicates the presence of multiple ESP isoforms in Brassica crops that are currently poorly characterized. We identified three B. oleracea ESPs, specifically BoESP1 (LOC106296341), BoESP2 (LOC106306810), and BoESP3 (LOC106325105) based on in silico genome analysis. Transcript and protein abundance were assessed in shoots and roots of four B. oleracea vegetables, namely broccoli, kohlrabi, white, and red cabbage, because these genotypes showed a differential pattern for the formation of glucosinolate hydrolysis products as well for their ESP activity. BoESP1 and BoESP2 were expressed mainly in shoots, while BoESP3 was abundant in roots. Biochemical characterization of heterologous expressed BoESP isoforms revealed different substrate specificities towards seven glucosinolates: all isoforms showed epithiospecifier activity on alkenyl glucosinolates, but not on non-alkenyl glucosinolates. The pH-value differently affected BoESP activity: while BoESP1 and BoESP2 activities were optimal at pH 6-7, BoESP3 activity remained relatively stable from pH 4 to 7. In order test their potential for the in vivo modification of glucosinolate breakdown, the three isoforms were expressed in A. thaliana Hi-0, which lacks AtESP expression, and analyzed for the effect on their respective hydrolysis products. The BoESPs altered the hydrolysis of allyl glucosinolate in the A. thaliana transformants to release 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane and reduced formation of the corresponding 3-butenenitrile and allyl isothiocyanate. Plants expressing BoESP2 showed the highest percentage of released epithionitriles. Given these results, we propose a model for isoform-specific roles of B. oleracea ESPs in glucosinolate breakdown.
KW - epithionitrile
KW - expression profile
KW - functional complementation
KW - glucosinolate hydrolysis
KW - nitrile
KW - specifier proteins
KW - tissue specificity
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01552
SN - 1664-462X
VL - 10
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Grum, Marcus
A1 - Hiessl, Werner
A1 - Maresch, Karl
A1 - Gronau, Norbert
T1 - Design of a neuronal training modeling language
BT - exemplified with the AI-based dynamic GUI adaption
JF - AIS-Transactions on enterprise systems
N2 - As the complexity of learning task requirements, computer infrastruc- tures and knowledge acquisition for artificial neuronal networks (ANN) is in- creasing, it is challenging to talk about ANN without creating misunderstandings. An efficient, transparent and failure-free design of learning tasks by models is not supported by any tool at all. For this purpose, particular the consideration of data, information and knowledge on the base of an integration with knowledge- intensive business process models and a process-oriented knowledge manage- ment are attractive. With the aim of making the design of learning tasks express- ible by models, this paper proposes a graphical modeling language called Neu- ronal Training Modeling Language (NTML), which allows the repetitive use of learning designs. An example ANN project of AI-based dynamic GUI adaptation exemplifies its use as a first demonstration.
KW - AI and business informatics
KW - development of AI-based systems
KW - AI-based decision support system
KW - cooperative AI (human-in-the-loop)
KW - process-oriented knowledge acquisition
KW - modeling language
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.aes-journal.com/index.php/ais-tes/article/view/20/18
U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/aistes.v5i1.20
SN - 1867-7134
VL - 5
IS - 1
PB - GITO-Publ., Verl. für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Licht, Alexis
A1 - Kelson, Julia
A1 - Bergel, Shelly J.
A1 - Schauer, Andrew J.
A1 - Petersen, Sierra Victoria
A1 - Capirala, Ashika
A1 - Huntington, Katharine W.
A1 - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume
A1 - Win, Zaw
A1 - Aung, Day Wa
T1 - Dynamics of pedogenic carbonate growth in the tropical domain of Myanmar
JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
N2 - Pedogenic carbonate is widespread at mid latitudes where warm and dry conditions favor soil carbonate growth from spring to fall. The mechanisms and timing of pedogenic carbonate formation are more ambiguous in the tropical domain, where long periods of soil water saturation and high soil respiration enhance calcite dissolution. This paper provides stable carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope values from Quaternary and Miocene pedogenic carbonates in the tropical domain of Myanmar, in areas characterized by warm (>18°C) winters and annual rainfall up to 1,700 mm. We show that carbonate growth in Myanmar is delayed to the driest and coldest months of the year by sustained monsoonal rainfall from mid spring to late fall. The range of isotopic variability in Quaternary pedogenic carbonates can be solely explained by temporal changes of carbonate growth within the dry season, from winter to early spring. We propose that high soil moisture year-round in the tropical domain narrows carbonate growth to the driest months and makes it particularly sensitive to the seasonal distribution of rainfall. This sensitivity is also enabled by high winter temperatures, allowing carbonate growth to occur outside the warmest months of the year. This high sensitivity is expected to be more prominent in the geological record during times with higher temperatures and greater expansion of the tropical realm. Clumped isotope temperatures, δ13C and δ18O values of tropical pedogenic carbonates are impacted by changes of both rainfall seasonality and surface temperatures; this sensitivity can potentially be used to track past tropical rainfall distribution.
KW - clumped isotopes
KW - pedogenic carbonate
KW - monsoon
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC009929
SN - 1525-2027
VL - 23
IS - 7
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Schladebach, Marcus
ED - Gräfe, Hans-Christian
T1 - Satelliten-Megakonstellationen im Weltraumrecht
T2 - Tagungsband zur Sommerkonferenz 2022 : Telemedicus – Recht der Informationsgesellschaft
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://rainermuehlhoff.de/media/publications/telemedicus-2022-tagungsband-isbn-978-3-8005-1857-9.pdf
SN - 978-3-8005-1857-9
VL - 6
SP - 68
EP - 75
PB - Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft, dfv Mediengruppe
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bimbinov, Arseniy A.
A1 - Stage, Diana
T1 - Развитие медицинского уголовного права в Германии и России
JF - Vserossijskij kriminologičeskij žurnal : RKZ = Russian journal of criminology : RJC
N2 - Negative consequences of the actions of medical professionals have always been subject to controversial assessment from the legal standpoint. There were periods in Russian history when doctors were prosecuted even without establishing their guilt first, and the periods when doctors were not held responsible at all for the violations that they committed. Currently, medical and pharmaceutical work is a complicated process of performing professional functions connected with the observance of established standards and requirements of its organization. Most medical tests and manipulations of prevention, research, diagnostic, treatment or rehabilitation character are regulated by formal protocols which could, in some cases, prevent a qualified doctor from saving a patient's life and in others - inflict forced harm on their health. Both of these situations require a legal assessment of the actions, the mechanism of which has not yet been fully determined. This circumstance could lead to a criminal prosecution of a medical professional whose fault is absent (or nonobvious). On the other hand, a structurally complex professional activity, for which there are no recognized methods of legal assessment, creates preconditions for various violations and abuses on the part of medical professionals. Changing relationships between a doctor and a patient, as well as the commercialization of modern medical practices have made the healthcare system one of the most delicto- and even criminally-oriented.
These factors act as causes for the growing complexity of legislation (in the wide sense of the word) on criminal liability of medical professionals and the controversial law enforcement practice which, in its turn, leads to the interest of researchers in these problems. The results of such research often remain unconnected with other achievements of the criminal law science; due to this, it is necessary to study the development of law, including the practice of law enforcement and the doctrine, on criminal liability of medical professionals - medical criminal law. Taking into consideration that such a sub-branch of law is not traditional for Russian science, the authors present the results of researching the development of medical criminal law not only in Russia, but also in Germany, where this sphere of law has long been established as independent.
N2 - Неблагоприятные последствия, наступившие в процессе осуществления медицинской деятельности, с правовой точки зрения оценивались неоднозначно во все времена. В отечественной истории были периоды, когда лекарей казнили даже без установления их вины и когда докторов вообще не привлекали к ответственности за допущенные ими нарушения. В настоящее время медицинская и фармацевтическая деятельность представляет собой сложный процесс выполнения профессиональных функций, связанный с соблюдением установленных стандартов и требований к его организации. Большинство медицинских обследований и манипуляций, имеющих профилактическую, исследовательскую, диагностическую, лечебную или реабилитационную направленность, регламентировано формальными рамками протокола, который может в одной ситуации не позволить компетентному врачу спасти жизнь пациента, а в другой - причинить вынужденный вред его здоровью. Обе обозначенные ситуации потребуют правовой оценки содеянного, механизм которой до сих пор в полной мере не определен. Данное обстоятельство может повлечь привлечение медицинского работника к уголовной ответственности при отсутствии (или неочевидности) вины в его действиях. С другой стороны, структурно сложная профессиональная деятельность, не имеющая признанных методик правовой оценки, создает предпосылки для различного рода нарушений и злоупотреблений со стороны медицинских работников. Меняющиеся отношения между врачом и пациентом, а также коммерциализация современной медицинской практики привели к тому, что система здравоохранения сегодня является одной из самых деликто- и даже криминально ориентированных. Изложенное выступает причиной усложняющегося законодательства (в широком смысле слова) об уголовной ответственности медицинских работников и противоречивой правоприменительной практики, а это, в свою очередь, порождает научные исследования данных проблем. Результаты таких исследований часто существуют вне связи с другими достижениями уголовно-правовой науки, поэтому представляется необходимым изучить развитие права, включая правоприменение и доктрину, об уголовной ответственности медицинских работников - медицинское уголовное право. С учетом того что для отечественной науки выделение такой подотрасли права является нетрадиционным, в настоящей работе представлены результаты исследования развития медицинского уголовного права не только в России, но и в Германии, где уже давно сложилась и обособилась данная область права.
T2 - The development of medical criminal law in Germany and in Russia
KW - Iatrogeny
KW - medical professionals
KW - medical crimes
KW - causing death
KW - criminal liability
KW - medical care
KW - medical risk
KW - ятрогения
KW - медицинские работники
KW - медицинские преступления
KW - причинение смерти
KW - уголовная ответственность
KW - медицинская помощь
KW - медицинский риск
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://cj-bgu.ru/reader/article.aspx?id=24646
U6 - https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2021.15(4).456-465
SN - 2500-4255
SN - 2500-1442
VL - 15
IS - 4
SP - 456
EP - 465
PB - Bajkal'skij gosudarstvennij universitet
CY - Irkutsk
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arntz, Fabian
A1 - Mkaouer, Bessem
A1 - Markov, Adrian
A1 - Schoenfeld, Brad Jon
A1 - Moran, Jason J.
A1 - Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
A1 - Behrens, Martin
A1 - Baumert, Philipp
A1 - Erskine, Robert M.
A1 - Hauser, Lukas
A1 - Chaabene, Helmi
T1 - Effect of plyometric jump training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy in healthy individuals: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis
JF - Frontiers in physiology
N2 - Objective: To examine the effect of plyometric jump training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy in healthy individuals. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to September 2021. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The main overall finding (44 effect sizes across 15 clusters median = 2, range = 1-15 effects per cluster) indicated that plyometric jump training had small to moderate effects [standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.47 (95% CIs = 0.23-0.71); p < 0.001] on skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Subgroup analyses for training experience revealed trivial to large effects in non-athletes [SMD = 0.55 (95% CIs = 0.18-0.93); p = 0.007] and trivial to moderate effects in athletes [SMD = 0.33 (95% CIs = 0.16-0.51); p = 0.001]. Regarding muscle groups, results showed moderate effects for the knee extensors [SMD = 0.72 (95% CIs = 0.66-0.78), p < 0.001] and equivocal effects for the plantar flexors [SMD = 0.65 (95% CIs = -0.25-1.55); p = 0.143]. As to the assessment methods of skeletal muscle hypertrophy, findings indicated trivial to small effects for prediction equations [SMD = 0.29 (95% CIs = 0.16-0.42); p < 0.001] and moderate-to-large effects for ultrasound imaging [SMD = 0.74 (95% CIs = 0.59-0.89); p < 0.001]. Meta-regression analysis indicated that the weekly session frequency moderates the effect of plyometric jump training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, with a higher weekly session frequency inducing larger hypertrophic gains [beta = 0.3233 (95% CIs = 0.2041-0.4425); p < 0.001]. We found no clear evidence that age, sex, total training period, single session duration, or the number of jumps per week moderate the effect of plyometric jump training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy [beta = -0.0133 to 0.0433 (95% CIs = -0.0387 to 0.1215); p = 0.101-0.751]. Conclusion: Plyometric jump training can induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, regardless of age and sex. There is evidence for relatively larger effects in non-athletes compared with athletes. Further, the weekly session frequency seems to moderate the effect of plyometric jump training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, whereby more frequent weekly plyometric jump training sessions elicit larger hypertrophic adaptations.
KW - muscle tissue
KW - muscle strength
KW - stretch shortening cycle exercise;
KW - muscle growth
KW - human physical conditioning
KW - youth sports
KW - aged
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.888464
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wilhelmi, Ilka
A1 - Neumann, Alexander
A1 - Jähnert, Markus
A1 - Ouni, Meriem
A1 - Schürmann, Annette
T1 - Enriched alternative splicing in islets of diabetes-susceptible mice
JF - International journal of molecular sciences
N2 - Dysfunctional islets of Langerhans are a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesize that differences in islet gene expression alternative splicing which can contribute to altered protein function also participate in islet dysfunction. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data from islets of obese diabetes-resistant and diabetes-susceptible mice were analyzed for alternative splicing and its putative genetic and epigenetic modulators. We focused on the expression levels of chromatin modifiers and SNPs in regulatory sequences. We identified alternative splicing events in islets of diabetes-susceptible mice amongst others in genes linked to insulin secretion, endocytosis or ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways. The expression pattern of 54 histones and chromatin modifiers, which may modulate splicing, were markedly downregulated in islets of diabetic animals. Furthermore, diabetes-susceptible mice carry SNPs in RNA-binding protein motifs and in splice sites potentially responsible for alternative splicing events. They also exhibit a larger exon skipping rate, e.g., in the diabetes gene Abcc8, which might affect protein function. Expression of the neuronal splicing factor Srrm4 which mediates inclusion of microexons in mRNA transcripts was markedly lower in islets of diabetes-prone compared to diabetes-resistant mice, correlating with a preferential skipping of SRRM4 target exons. The repression of Srrm4 expression is presumably mediated via a higher expression of miR-326-3p and miR-3547-3p in islets of diabetic mice. Thus, our study suggests that an altered splicing pattern in islets of diabetes-susceptible mice may contribute to an elevated T2D risk.
KW - alternative splicing
KW - epigenetic
KW - MicroRNA
KW - RNAseq
KW - diabetes
KW - beta-cell
KW - failure
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168597
SN - 1422-0067
VL - 22
IS - 16
PB - Molecular Diversity Preservation International
CY - Basel
ER -