TY - JOUR
A1 - Mattern, Maximilian
A1 - Pudell, Jan-Etienne
A1 - Laskin, Gennadii
A1 - Reppert, Alexander von
A1 - Bargheer, Matias
T1 - Analysis of the temperature- and fluence-dependent magnetic stress in laser-excited SrRuO3
JF - Structural dynamics
N2 - We use ultrafast x-ray diffraction to investigate the effect of expansive phononic and contractive magnetic stress driving the picosecond strain response of a metallic perovskite SrRuO3 thin film upon femtosecond laser excitation. We exemplify how the anisotropic bulk equilibrium thermal expansion can be used to predict the response of the thin film to ultrafast deposition of energy. It is key to consider that the laterally homogeneous laser excitation changes the strain response compared to the near-equilibrium thermal expansion because the balanced in-plane stresses suppress the Poisson stress on the picosecond timescale. We find a very large negative Grüneisen constant describing the large contractive stress imposed by a small amount of energy in the spin system. The temperature and fluence dependence of the strain response for a double-pulse excitation scheme demonstrates the saturation of the magnetic stress in the high-fluence regime.
KW - Thin films
KW - Thermodynamic properties
KW - Bragg peak
KW - Ultrafast X-ray diffraction
KW - Thermal effects
KW - Phonons
KW - Magnetism
KW - Lattice dynamics
KW - Lasers
KW - Perovskites
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000072
SN - 2329-7778
VL - 8
IS - 2
PB - AIP Publishing LLC
CY - Melville, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Koç, Gamze
A1 - Petrow, Theresia
A1 - Thieken, Annegret
T1 - Analysis of the Most Severe Flood Events in Turkey (1960–2014)
BT - Which Triggering Mechanisms and Aggravating Pathways Can be Identified?
JF - Water
N2 - The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960–2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.
KW - hierarchical clustering
KW - Hess-Brezowsky Großwetterlagen classification
KW - ERA5
KW - flood hazards
KW - pathway
KW - Turkey
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061562
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 12
IS - 6
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Koc, Gamze
A1 - Petrow, Theresia
A1 - Thieken, Annegret
T1 - Analysis of the most severe flood events in Turkey (1960-2014)
BT - which triggering mechanisms and aggravating pathways can be identified?
JF - Water / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
N2 - The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960-2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.
KW - hierarchical clustering
KW - Hess-Brezowsky Grosswetterlagen classification
KW - ERA5
KW - flood hazards
KW - pathway
KW - Turkey
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061562
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 12
IS - 6
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schindler, Daniel
A1 - Moldenhawer, Ted
A1 - Stange, Maike
A1 - Lepro, Valentino
A1 - Beta, Carsten
A1 - Holschneider, Matthias
A1 - Huisinga, Wilhelm
T1 - Analysis of protrusion dynamics in amoeboid cell motility by means of regularized contour flows
JF - PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal
N2 - Amoeboid cell motility is essential for a wide range of biological processes including wound healing, embryonic morphogenesis, and cancer metastasis. It relies on complex dynamical patterns of cell shape changes that pose long-standing challenges to mathematical modeling and raise a need for automated and reproducible approaches to extract quantitative morphological features from image sequences. Here, we introduce a theoretical framework and a computational method for obtaining smooth representations of the spatiotemporal contour dynamics from stacks of segmented microscopy images. Based on a Gaussian process regression we propose a one-parameter family of regularized contour flows that allows us to continuously track reference points (virtual markers) between successive cell contours. We use this approach to define a coordinate system on the moving cell boundary and to represent different local geometric quantities in this frame of reference. In particular, we introduce the local marker dispersion as a measure to identify localized membrane expansions and provide a fully automated way to extract the properties of such expansions, including their area and growth time. The methods are available as an open-source software package called AmoePy, a Python-based toolbox for analyzing amoeboid cell motility (based on time-lapse microscopy data), including a graphical user interface and detailed documentation. Due to the mathematical rigor of our framework, we envision it to be of use for the development of novel cell motility models. We mainly use experimental data of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum to illustrate and validate our approach.
Author summary Amoeboid motion is a crawling-like cell migration that plays an important key role in multiple biological processes such as wound healing and cancer metastasis. This type of cell motility results from expanding and simultaneously contracting parts of the cell membrane. From fluorescence images, we obtain a sequence of points, representing the cell membrane, for each time step. By using regression analysis on these sequences, we derive smooth representations, so-called contours, of the membrane. Since the number of measurements is discrete and often limited, the question is raised of how to link consecutive contours with each other. In this work, we present a novel mathematical framework in which these links are described by regularized flows allowing a certain degree of concentration or stretching of neighboring reference points on the same contour. This stretching rate, the so-called local dispersion, is used to identify expansions and contractions of the cell membrane providing a fully automated way of extracting properties of these cell shape changes. We applied our methods to time-lapse microscopy data of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009268
SN - 1553-734X
SN - 1553-7358
VL - 17
IS - 8
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arkes, Hal R.
A1 - Aberegg, Scott K.
A1 - Arpin, Kevin A.
T1 - Analysis of physicians' probability estimates of a medical outcome based on a sequence of events
JF - JAMA network open / American Medical Association
N2 - IMPORTANCE
The probability of a conjunction of 2 independent events is the product of the probabilities of the 2 components and therefore cannot exceed the probability of either component; violation of this basic law is called the conjunction fallacy. A common medical decision-making scenario involves estimating the probability of a final outcome resulting from a sequence of independent events; however, little is known about physicians' ability to accurately estimate the overall probability of success in these situations.
OBJECTIVE
To ascertain whether physicians are able to correctly estimate the overall probability of a medical outcome resulting from 2 independent events.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This survey study consisted of 3 separate substudies, in which 215 physicians were asked via internet-based survey to estimate the probability of success of each of 2 components of a diagnostic or prognostic sequence as well as the overall probability of success of the 2-step sequence. Substudy 1 was performed from April 2 to 4, 2021, substudy 2 from November 2 toll, 2021, and substudy 3 from May 13 to 19, 2021. All physicians were board certified or board eligible in the primary specialty germane to the substudy (ie, obstetrics and gynecology for substudies land 3 and pulmonology for substudy 2), were recruited from a commercial survey service, and volunteered to participate in the study.
EXPOSURES
Case scenarios presented in an online survey.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Respondents were asked to provide their demographic information in addition to 3 probability estimates. The first substudy included a scenario describing a brow presentation discovered during labor; the 2 conjuncts were the probabilities that the brow presentation would resolve and that the delivery would be vaginal. The second substudy involved a diagnostic evaluation of an incidentally discovered pulmonary nodule; the 2 conjuncts were the probabilities that the patient had a malignant condition and that a technically successful transthoracic needle biopsy would reveal a malignant condition. The third substudy included a modification of the first substudy in an attempt to debias the conjunction fallacy prevalent in the first substudy. Respondents' own probability estimates of the individual events were used to calculate the mathematically correct conjunctive probability.
RESULTS
Among 215 respondents, the mean (SD) age was 54.0 (9.5) years; 142 respondents (66.0%) were male. Data on race and ethnicity were not collected. A total of 168 physicians (78.1%) estimated the probability of the 2-step sequence to be greater than the probability of at least 1 of the 2 component events. Compared with the product of their 2 estimated components, respondents overestimated the combined probability by 12.8% (95% CI, 9.6%-16.1%; P < .001) in substudy 1, 19.8% (95% Cl, 16.6%-23.0%; P < .001) in substudy 2, and 18.0% (95% CI, 13.4%-22.5%; P < .001) in substudy 3, results that were mathematically incoherent (ie, formally illogical and mathematically incorrect).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this survey study of 215 physicians, respondents consistently overestimated the combined probability of 2 events compared with the probability calculated from their own estimates of the individual events. This biased estimation, consistent with the conjunction fallacy, may have substantial implications for diagnostic and prognostic decision-making.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.18804
SN - 2574-3805
VL - 5
IS - 6
PB - American Veterinary Medical Association
CY - Chicago
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schenke, Maren
A1 - Schjeide, Brit-Maren
A1 - Püschel, Gerhard Paul
A1 - Seeger, Bettina
T1 - Analysis of motor neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells for the use in cell-based Botulinum neurotoxin activity assays
JF - Toxins
N2 - Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are potent neurotoxins produced by bacteria, which inhibit neurotransmitter release, specifically in their physiological target known as motor neurons (MNs). For the potency assessment of BoNTs produced for treatment in traditional and aesthetic medicine, the mouse lethality assay is still used by the majority of manufacturers, which is ethically questionable in terms of the 3Rs principle. In this study, MNs were differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells based on three published protocols. The resulting cell populations were analyzed for their MN yield and their suitability for the potency assessment of BoNTs. MNs produce specific gangliosides and synaptic proteins, which are bound by BoNTs in order to be taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which is followed by cleavage of specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins required for neurotransmitter release. The presence of receptors and substrates for all BoNT serotypes was demonstrated in MNs generated in vitro. In particular, the MN differentiation protocol based on Du et al. yielded high numbers of MNs in a short amount of time with high expression of BoNT receptors and targets. The resulting cells are more sensitive to BoNT/A1 than the commonly used neuroblastoma cell line SiMa. MNs are, therefore, an ideal tool for being combined with already established detection methods.
KW - Botulinum neurotoxin
KW - motor neurons
KW - cell-based in vitro assay
KW - potency
KW - assessment
KW - induced pluripotent stem cells
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050276
SN - 2072-6651
VL - 12
IS - 5
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Milewski, Robert
A1 - Chabrillat, Sabine
A1 - Behling, Robert
T1 - Analyses of Recent Sediment Surface Dynamic of a Namibian Kalahari Salt Pan Based on Multitemporal Landsat and Hyperspectral Hyperion Data
JF - Remote Sensing
N2 - This study combines spaceborne multitemporal and hyperspectral data to analyze the spatial distribution of surface evaporite minerals and changes in a semi-arid depositional environment associated with episodic flooding events, the Omongwa salt pan (Kalahari, Namibia). The dynamic of the surface crust is evaluated by a change-detection approach using the Iterative-reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IR-MAD) based on the Landsat archive imagery from 1984 to 2015. The results show that the salt pan is a highly dynamic and heterogeneous landform. A change gradient is observed from very stable pan border to a highly dynamic central pan. On the basis of hyperspectral EO-1 Hyperion images, the current distribution of surface evaporite minerals is characterized using Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA). Assessment of field and image endmembers revealed that the pan surface can be categorized into three major crust types based on diagnostic absorption features and mineralogical ground truth data. The mineralogical crust types are related to different zones of surface change as well as pan morphology that influences brine flow during the pan inundation and desiccation cycles. These combined information are used to spatially map depositional environments where the more dynamic halite crust concentrates in lower areas although stable gypsum and calcite/sepiolite crusts appear in higher elevated areas.
KW - salt pan
KW - playa
KW - hyperspectral
KW - multitemporal
KW - change detection
KW - evaporite minerals
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9020170
SN - 2072-4292
VL - 9
IS - 2
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Milewski, Robert
A1 - Chabrillat, Sabine
A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo
T1 - Analyses of Namibian Seasonal Salt Pan Crust Dynamics and Climatic Drivers Using Landsat 8 Time-Series and Ground Data
JF - Remote Sensing
N2 - Salt pans are highly dynamic environments that are difficult to study by in situ methods because of their harsh climatic conditions and large spatial areas. Remote sensing can help to elucidate their environmental dynamics and provide important constraints regarding their sedimentological, mineralogical, and hydrological evolution. This study utilizes spaceborne multitemporal multispectral optical data combined with spectral endmembers to document spatial distribution of surface crust types over time on the Omongwa pan located in the Namibian Kalahari. For this purpose, 49 surface samples were collected for spectral and mineralogical characterization during three field campaigns (2014–2016) reflecting different seasons and surface conditions of the salt pan. An approach was developed to allow the spatiotemporal analysis of the salt pan crust dynamics in a dense time-series consisting of 77 Landsat 8 cloud-free scenes between 2014 and 2017, covering at least three major wet–dry cycles. The established spectral analysis technique Sequential Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) extraction method was used to derive image endmembers from the Landsat time-series stack. Evaluation of the extracted endmember set revealed that the multispectral data allowed the differentiation of four endmembers associated with mineralogical mixtures of the crust’s composition in dry conditions and three endmembers associated with flooded or muddy pan conditions. The dry crust endmember spectra have been identified in relation to visible, near infrared, and short-wave infrared (VNIR–SWIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the collected surface samples. According these results, the spectral endmembers are interpreted as efflorescent halite crust, mixed halite–gypsum crust, mixed calcite quartz sepiolite crust, and gypsum crust. For each Landsat scene the spatial distribution of these crust types was mapped with the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) method and significant spatiotemporal dynamics of the major surface crust types were observed. Further, the surface crust dynamics were analyzed in comparison with the pan’s moisture regime and other climatic parameters. The results show that the crust dynamics are mainly driven by flooding events in the wet season, but are also influenced by temperature and aeolian activity in the dry season. The approach utilized in this study combines the advantages of multitemporal satellite data for temporal event characterization with advantages from hyperspectral methods for the image and ground data analyses that allow improved mineralogical differentiation and characterization.
KW - salt pan
KW - playa
KW - spectral analysis
KW - crust
KW - saline pan cycle
KW - evaporites
KW - time-series mapping
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030474
SN - 2072-4292
IS - 3
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Degen, Andreas
T1 - Analyse visueller Wahrnehmungsqualitäten von Lyrik
T2 - Textpraxis : digitales Journal für Philologie / Sonderausgabe
N2 - Das Projekt beschäftigt sich mit der visuellen Wirkungsdimension von Lyrik und der Möglichkeit ihrer analytischen Beschreibung. Dafür werden die Anordnung von Versen und Wörtern, Auszeichnungen und andere typographische Strukturen von nicht experimentellen Gedichten seit Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts im Rahmen von Modellanalysen untersucht.
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://www.textpraxis.net/andreas-degen-visuelle-wahrnehmungsqualitaeten
U6 - https://doi.org/10.17879/19958489288
SN - 2191-8236
VL - 7
IS - 2
PB - Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität
CY - Münster
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Thomas, Jessica E.
A1 - Carvalho, Gary R.
A1 - Haile, James
A1 - Martin, Michael D.
A1 - Castruita, Jose A. Samaniego
A1 - Niemann, Jonas
A1 - Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.
A1 - Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela
A1 - Rawlence, Nicolas J.
A1 - Fuller, Errol
A1 - Fjeldsa, Jon
A1 - Hofreiter, Michael
A1 - Stewart, John R.
A1 - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
A1 - Knapp, Michael
T1 - An ‛Aukward’ tale
BT - a genetic approach to discover the whereabouts of the Last Great Auks
JF - Genes
N2 - One hundred and seventy-three years ago, the last two Great Auks, Pinguinus impennis, ever reliably seen were killed. Their internal organs can be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, but the location of their skins has remained a mystery. In 1999, Great Auk expert Errol Fuller proposed a list of five potential candidate skins in museums around the world. Here we take a palaeogenomic approach to test which—if any—of Fuller’s candidate skins likely belong to either of the two birds. Using mitochondrial genomes from the five candidate birds (housed in museums in Bremen, Brussels, Kiel, Los Angeles, and Oldenburg) and the organs of the last two known individuals, we partially solve the mystery that has been on Great Auk scholars’ minds for generations and make new suggestions as to the whereabouts of the still-missing skin from these two birds.
KW - ancient DNA
KW - extinct birds
KW - mitochondrial genome
KW - museum specimens
KW - palaeogenomics
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/genes8060164
SN - 2073-4425
VL - 8
IS - 6
SP - 164
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Qin, Xia
A1 - Faaß, Marcel
A1 - Niedermeier, Frank
T1 - An Overview of the ‘National Multiplication Trainings’ Programme
JF - Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung
N2 - The article introduces the efforts exerted to initiate multiplication of the DIES training courses to a wider audience of higher education managers and academics in the target regions. The DIES ‘National Multiplication Trainings’ Programme has supported three cohorts of alumni teams so far to implement national training courses in the area of higher education leadership and management. The article sets the context of this publication and reflects on the main evaluation results of the programme implementation itself.
KW - training multiplication
KW - higher education management
KW - higher education leadership
KW - capacity building
KW - alumni work
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-493344
SN - 978-3-86956-496-8
SN - 2192-1075
SN - 2192-1083
IS - 5
SP - 17
EP - 35
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - He, Hai
A1 - Höper, Rune
A1 - Dodenhöft, Moritz
A1 - Marlière, Philippe
A1 - Bar-Even, Arren
T1 - An optimized methanol assimilation pathway relying on promiscuous formaldehyde-condensing aldolases in E. coli
JF - Metabolic Engineering
N2 - Engineering biotechnological microorganisms to use methanol as a feedstock for bioproduction is a major goal for the synthetic metabolism community. Here, we aim to redesign the natural serine cycle for implementation in E. coli. We propose the homoserine cycle, relying on two promiscuous formaldehyde aldolase reactions, as a superior pathway design. The homoserine cycle is expected to outperform the serine cycle and its variants with respect to biomass yield, thermodynamic favorability, and integration with host endogenous metabolism. Even as compared to the RuMP cycle, the most efficient naturally occurring methanol assimilation route, the homoserine cycle is expected to support higher yields of a wide array of products. We test the in vivo feasibility of the homoserine cycle by constructing several E. coli gene deletion strains whose growth is coupled to the activity of different pathway segments. Using this approach, we demonstrate that all required promiscuous enzymes are active enough to enable growth of the auxotrophic strains. Our findings thus identify a novel metabolic solution that opens the way to an optimized methylotrophic platform.
KW - Pathway design
KW - Promiscuous enzymes
KW - Formaldehyde assimilation
KW - Serine cycle
KW - Growth selection
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2020.03.002
SN - 1096-7176
SN - 1096-7184
VL - 60
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Baltzer, Wanda
A1 - Hradilak, Theresa
A1 - Pfennigschmidt, Lara
A1 - Prestin, Luc Maurice
A1 - Spranger, Moritz
A1 - Stadlinger, Simon
A1 - Wendt, Leo
A1 - Lincke, Jens
A1 - Rein, Patrick
A1 - Church, Luke
A1 - Hirschfeld, Robert
T1 - An individual-centered approach to visualize people’s opinions and demographic information
N2 - The noble way to substantiate decisions that affect many people is to ask these people for their opinions. For governments that run whole countries, this means asking all citizens for their views to consider their situations and needs.
Organizations such as Africa's Voices Foundation, who want to facilitate communication between decision-makers and citizens of a country, have difficulty mediating between these groups. To enable understanding, statements need to be summarized and visualized. Accomplishing these goals in a way that does justice to the citizens' voices and situations proves challenging. Standard charts do not help this cause as they fail to create empathy for the people behind their graphical abstractions. Furthermore, these charts do not create trust in the data they are representing as there is no way to see or navigate back to the underlying code and the original data. To fulfill these functions, visualizations would highly benefit from interactions to explore the displayed data, which standard charts often only limitedly provide.
To help improve the understanding of people's voices, we developed and categorized 80 ideas for new visualizations, new interactions, and better connections between different charts, which we present in this report. From those ideas, we implemented 10 prototypes and two systems that integrate different visualizations. We show that this integration allows consistent appearance and behavior of visualizations. The visualizations all share the same main concept: representing each individual with a single dot. To realize this idea, we discuss technologies that efficiently allow the rendering of a large number of these dots. With these visualizations, direct interactions with representations of individuals are achievable by clicking on them or by dragging a selection around them. This direct interaction is only possible with a bidirectional connection from the visualization to the data it displays. We discuss different strategies for bidirectional mappings and the trade-offs involved. Having unified behavior across visualizations enhances exploration. For our prototypes, that includes grouping, filtering, highlighting, and coloring of dots. Our prototyping work was enabled by the development environment Lively4. We explain which parts of Lively4 facilitated our prototyping process. Finally, we evaluate our approach to domain problems and our developed visualization concepts.
Our work provides inspiration and a starting point for visualization development in this domain. Our visualizations can improve communication between citizens and their government and motivate empathetic decisions. Our approach, combining low-level entities to create visualizations, provides value to an explorative and empathetic workflow. We show that the design space for visualizing this kind of data has a lot of potential and that it is possible to combine qualitative and quantitative approaches to data analysis.
N2 - Der noble Weg, Entscheidungen, die viele Menschen betreffen, zu begründen, besteht darin, diese Menschen nach ihrer Meinung zu fragen. Für Regierungen, die ganze Länder führen, bedeutet dies, alle Bürger nach ihrer Meinung zu fragen, um ihre Situationen und Bedürfnisse zu berücksichtigen.
Organisationen wie die Africa's Voices Foundation, die die Kommunikation zwischen Entscheidungsträgern und Bürgern eines Landes erleichtern wollen, haben Schwierigkeiten, zwischen diesen Gruppen zu vermitteln. Um Verständnis zu ermöglichen, müssen die Aussagen zusammengefasst und visualisiert werden. Diese Ziele auf eine Weise zu erreichen, die den Stimmen und Situationen der Bürgerinnen und Bürger gerecht wird, erweist sich als Herausforderung. Standardgrafiken helfen dabei nicht weiter, da es ihnen nicht gelingt, Empathie für die Menschen hinter ihren grafischen Abstraktionen zu schaffen. Darüber hinaus schaffen diese Diagramme kein Vertrauen in die Daten, die sie darstellen, da es keine Möglichkeit gibt, den verwendeten Code und die Originaldaten zu sehen oder zu ihnen zurück zu navigieren. Um diese Funktionen zu erfüllen, würden Visualisierungen sehr von Interaktionen zur Erkundung der angezeigten Daten profitieren, die Standardgrafiken oft nur begrenzt bieten.
Um das Verständnis der Stimmen der Menschen zu verbessern, haben wir 80 Ideen für neue Visualisierungen, neue Interaktionen und bessere Verbindungen zwischen verschiedenen Diagrammen entwickelt und kategorisiert, die wir in diesem Bericht vorstellen. Aus diesen Ideen haben wir 10 Prototypen und zwei Systeme implementiert, die verschiedene Visualisierungen integrieren. Wir zeigen, dass diese Integration ein einheitliches Erscheinungsbild und Verhalten der Visualisierungen ermöglicht. Die Visualisierungen haben alle das gleiche Grundkonzept: Jedes Individuum wird durch einen einzigen Punkt dargestellt. Um diese Idee zu verwirklichen, diskutieren wir Technologien, die die effiziente Darstellung einer großen Anzahl dieser Punkte ermöglichen. Mit diesen Visualisierungen sind direkte Interaktionen mit Darstellungen von Individuen möglich, indem man auf sie klickt oder eine Auswahl um sie herumzieht. Diese direkte Interaktion ist nur mit einer bidirektionalen Verbindung von der Visualisierung zu den angezeigten Daten möglich. Wir diskutieren verschiedene Strategien für bidirektionale Mappings und die damit verbundenen Kompromisse. Ein einheitliches Verhalten über Visualisierungen hinweg verbessert die Exploration. Für unsere Prototypen umfasst dies Gruppierung, Filterung, Hervorhebung und Einfärbung von Punkten. Unsere Arbeit an den Prototypen wurde durch die Entwicklungsumgebung Lively4 ermöglicht. Wir erklären, welche Teile von Lively4 unseren Prototyping-Prozess erleichtert haben. Schließlich bewerten wir unsere Herangehensweise an Domänenprobleme und die von uns entwickelten Visualisierungskonzepte.
Unsere Arbeit liefert Inspiration und einen Ausgangspunkt für die Entwicklung von Visualisierungen in diesem Bereich. Unsere Visualisierungen können die Kommunikation zwischen Bürgern und ihrer Regierung verbessern und einfühlsame Entscheidungen motivieren. Unser Ansatz, bei dem wir niedrigstufige Entitäten zur Erstellung von Visualisierungen kombinieren, bietet einen wertvollen Ansatz für einen explorativen und einfühlsamen Arbeitsablauf. Wir zeigen, dass der Designraum für die Visualisierung dieser Art von Daten ein großes Potenzial hat und dass es möglich ist, qualitative und quantitative Ansätze zur Datenanalyse zu kombinieren.
T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 136
KW - data visualization
KW - demographic information
KW - visualization concept exploration
KW - web-based development environment
KW - Datenvisualisierung
KW - demografische Informationen
KW - Visualisierungskonzept-Exploration
KW - web-basierte Entwicklungsumgebung
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-491457
SN - 978-3-86956-504-0
SN - 1613-5652
SN - 2191-1665
IS - 136
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hoan, Tran Viet
A1 - Richter, Karl-Gerd
A1 - Borsig, Nicolas
A1 - Bauer, Jonas
A1 - Ha, Nguyen Thi
A1 - Norra, Stefan
T1 - An improved groundwater model framework for aquifer structures of the quaternary-formed sediment body in the southernmost parts of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
JF - Hydrology : open access journal
N2 - The Ca Mau peninsula (CMP) is a key economic region in southern Vietnam. In recent decades, the high demand for water has increased the exploitation of groundwater, thus lowering the groundwater level and leading to risks of degradation, depletion, and land subsidence, as well as salinity intrusion in the groundwater of the whole Mekong Delta region. By using a finite element groundwater model with boundary expansion to the sea, we updated the latest data on hydrogeological profiles, groundwater levels, and exploitation. The basic model setup covers seven aquifers and seven aquitards. It is determined that the inflow along the coastline to the mainland is 39% of the total inflow. The exploitation of the study area in 2019 was 567,364 m(3)/day. The most exploited aquifers are the upper-middle Pleistocene (qp(2-3)) and the middle Pliocene (n(2)(2)), accounting for 63.7% and 24.6%, respectively; the least exploited aquifers are the upper Pleistocene and the upper Miocene, accounting for 0.35% and 0.02%, respectively. In the deeper aquifers, qp(2-3) and n(2)(2), the change in storage is negative due to the high exploitation rate, leading to a decline in the reserves of these aquifers. These groundwater model results are the calculations of groundwater reserves from the coast to the mainland in the entire system of aquifers in the CMP. This makes groundwater decision managers, stakeholders, and others more efficient in sustainable water resources planning in the CMP and Mekong Delta (MKD).
KW - groundwater modeling
KW - hydrogeology
KW - aquifers system
KW - water balance;
KW - validation of model
KW - Ca Mau peninsula
KW - Kien Giang
KW - Soc Trang
KW - Hau Giang
KW - Bac Lieu
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9040061
SN - 2306-5338
VL - 9
IS - 4
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nakoudi, Konstantina
A1 - Stachlewska, Iwona S.
A1 - Ritter, Christoph
T1 - An extended lidar-based cirrus cloud retrieval scheme
BT - first application over an Arctic site
JF - Optics express : the international electronic journal of optics / Optica
N2 - Accurate and precise characterization of cirrus cloud geometrical and optical properties is essential for better constraining their radiative footprint. A lidar-based retrieval scheme is proposed here, with its performance assessed on fine spatio-temporal observations over the Arctic site of Ny-Alesund, Svalbard. Two contributions related to cirrus geometrical (dynamic Wavelet Covariance Transform (WCT)) and optical properties (constrained Klett) are reported. The dynamic WCT rendered cirrus detection more robust, especially for thin cirrus layers that frequently remained undetected by the classical WCT method. Regarding optical characterization, we developed an iterative scheme for determining the cirrus lidar ratio (LRci) that is a crucial parameter for aerosol - cloud discrimination. Building upon the Klett-Fernald method, the LRci was constrained by an additional reference value. In established methods, such as the double-ended Klett, an aerosol-free reference value is applied. In the proposed constrained Klett, however, the reference value was approximated from cloud-free or low cloud optical depth (COD up to 0.2) profiles and proved to agree with independent Raman estimates. For optically thin cirrus, the constrained Klett inherent uncertainties reached 50% (60-74%) in terms of COD (LRci). However, for opaque cirrus COD (LRci) uncertainties were lower than 10% (15%). The detection method discrepancies (dynamic versus static WCT) had a higher impact on the optical properties of low COD layers (up to 90%) compared to optically thicker ones (less than 10%). The constrained Klett presented high agreement with two established retrievals. For an exemplary cirrus cloud, the constrained Klett estimated the COD355 (LRci355) at 0.28 +/- 0.17 (29 +/- 4 sr), the double-ended Klett at 0.27 +/- 0.15 (32 +/- 4 sr) and the Raman retrievals at 0.22 +/- 0.12 (26 +/- 11 sr). Our approach to determine the necessary reference value can also be applied in established methods and increase their accuracy. In contrast, the classical aerosol-free assumption led to 44 sr LRci overestimation in optically thin layers and 2-8 sr in thicker ones. The multiple scattering effect was corrected using Eloranta (1998) and accounted for 50-60% extinction underestimation near the cloud base and 20-30% within the cirrus layers.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.414770
SN - 1094-4087
VL - 29
IS - 6
SP - 8553
EP - 8580
PB - Optical Society of America
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Warschburger, Petra
A1 - Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie
A1 - Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra
A1 - Baer, Nadja-Raphaela
A1 - Schenk, Liane
A1 - Anton, Verena
A1 - Bergmann, Manuela M.
T1 - An experimental approach to training interoceptive sensitivity
BT - study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
JF - Nutrition Journal
N2 - Background
Eating in absence of hunger is quite common and often associated with an increased energy intake co-existent with a poorer food choice. Intuitive eating (IE), i.e., eating in accordance with internal hunger and satiety cues, may protect from overeating. IE, however, requires accurate perception and processing of one’s own bodily signals, also referred to as interoceptive sensitivity. Training interoceptive sensitivity might therefore be an effective method to promote IE and prevent overeating. As most studies on eating behavior are conducted in younger adults and close social relationships influence health-related behavior, this study focuses on middle-aged and older couples.
Methods
The present pilot randomized intervention study aims at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a 21-day mindfulness-based training program designed to increase interoceptive sensitivity. A total of N = 60 couples participating in the NutriAct Family Study, aged 50–80 years, will be recruited. This randomized-controlled intervention study comprises three measurement points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, 4-week follow-up) and a 21-day training that consists of daily mindfulness-based guided audio exercises (e.g., body scan). A three-arm intervention study design is applied to compare two intervention groups (training together as a couple vs. training alone) with a control group (no training). Each measurement point includes the assessment of self-reported and objective indicators of interoceptive sensitivity (primary outcome), self-reported indicators of intuitive and maladaptive eating (secondary outcomes), and additional variables. A training evaluation applying focus group discussions will be conducted to assess participants’ overall acceptance of the training and its feasibility.
Discussion
By investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based training program to increase interoceptive sensitivity, the present study will contribute to a deeper understanding of how to promote healthy eating in older age.
KW - Digital intervention
KW - Older adults
KW - Interoception
KW - Eating behavior
KW - Intuitive eating
KW - Partnership
KW - Mindfulness
KW - Randomized-controlled trial
KW - NutriAct Family Study
KW - Mixed methods
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-022-00827-4
SN - 1475-2891
VL - 21
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Concia, Francesca
A1 - Distler, Petr
A1 - Law, Gareth
A1 - Macerata, Elena
A1 - Mariani, Mario
A1 - Mossini, Eros
A1 - Negrin, Maddalena
A1 - Štrok, Marko
ED - Meinel, Christoph
ED - Schweiger, Stefanie
ED - Staubitz, Thomas
ED - Conrad, Robert
ED - Alario Hoyos, Carlos
ED - Ebner, Martin
ED - Sancassani, Susanna
ED - Żur, Agnieszka
ED - Friedl, Christian
ED - Halawa, Sherif
ED - Gamage, Dilrukshi
ED - Scott, Jeffrey
ED - Kristine Jonson Carlon, May
ED - Deville, Yves
ED - Gaebel, Michael
ED - Delgado Kloos, Carlos
ED - von Schmieden, Karen
T1 - An experience in developing models to use MOOCs in teaching and to advocate OERs
JF - EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?
N2 - Loss of expertise in the fields of Nuclear- and Radio-Chemistry (NRC) is problematic at a scientific and social level. This has been addressed by developing a MOOC, in order to let students in scientific matters discover all the benefits of NRC to society and improving their awareness of this discipline. The MOOC “Essential Radiochemistry for Society” includes current societal challenges related to health, clean and sustainable energy for safety and quality of food and agriculture.
NRC teachers belonging to CINCH network were invited to use the MOOC in their teaching, according to various usage models: on the basis of these different experiences, some usage patterns were designed, describing context characteristics (number and age of students, course), activities’ scheduling and organization, results and students’ feedback, with the aim of encouraging the use of MOOCs in university teaching, as an opportunity for both lecturers and students. These models were the basis of a “toolkit for teachers”. By experiencing digital teaching resources created by different lecturers, CINCH teachers took a first meaningful step towards understanding the worth of Open Educational Resources (OER) and the importance of their creation, adoption and sharing for knowledge progress. In this paper, the entire path from MOOC concept to MOOC different usage models, to awareness-raising regarding OER is traced in conceptual stages.
KW - Digitale Bildung
KW - Kursdesign
KW - MOOC
KW - Micro Degree
KW - Online-Lehre
KW - Onlinekurs
KW - Onlinekurs-Produktion
KW - digital education
KW - e-learning
KW - micro degree
KW - micro-credential
KW - online course creation
KW - online course design
KW - online teaching
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-624609
SP - 239
EP - 254
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jararnezhadgero, AmirAli
A1 - Mamashli, Elaheh
A1 - Granacher, Urs
T1 - An Endurance-Dominated Exercise Program Improves Maximum Oxygen Consumption, Ground Reaction Forces, and Muscle Activities in Patients With Moderate Diabetic Neuropathy
JF - Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation
N2 - Background: The prevalence of diabetes worldwide is predicted to increase from 2.8% in 2000 to 4.4% in 2030. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is associated with damage to nerve glial cells, their axons, and endothelial cells leading to impaired function and mobility.
Objective: We aimed to examine the effects of an endurance-dominated exercise program on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), ground reaction forces, and muscle activities during walking in patients with moderate DN.
Methods: Sixty male and female individuals aged 45–65 years with DN were randomly assigned to an intervention (IG, n = 30) or a waiting control (CON, n = 30) group. The research protocol of this study was registered with the Local Clinical Trial Organization (IRCT20200201046326N1). IG conducted an endurance-dominated exercise program including exercises on a bike ergometer and gait therapy. The progressive intervention program lasted 12 weeks with three sessions per week, each 40–55 min. CON received the same treatment as IG after the post-tests. Pre- and post-training, VO2max was tested during a graded exercise test using spiroergometry. In addition, ground reaction forces and lower limbs muscle activities were recorded while walking at a constant speed of ∼1 m/s.
Results: No statistically significant baseline between group differences was observed for all analyzed variables. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for VO2max (p < 0.001; d = 1.22). The post-hoc test revealed a significant increase in IG (p < 0.001; d = 1.88) but not CON. Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for peak lateral and vertical ground reaction forces during heel contact and peak vertical ground reaction force during push-off (p = 0.001–0.037; d = 0.56–1.53). For IG, post-hoc analyses showed decreases in peak lateral (p < 0.001; d = 1.33) and vertical (p = 0.004; d = 0.55) ground reaction forces during heel contact and increases in peak vertical ground reaction force during push-off (p < 0.001; d = 0.92). In terms of muscle activity, significant group-by-time interactions were found for vastus lateralis and gluteus medius during the loading phase and for vastus medialis during the mid-stance phase, and gastrocnemius medialis during the push-off phase (p = 0.001–0.044; d = 0.54–0.81). Post-hoc tests indicated significant intervention-related increases in vastus lateralis (p = 0.001; d = 1.08) and gluteus medius (p = 0.008; d = 0.67) during the loading phase and vastus medialis activity during mid-stance (p = 0.001; d = 0.86). In addition, post-hoc tests showed decreases in gastrocnemius medialis during the push-off phase in IG only (p < 0.001; d = 1.28).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that an endurance-dominated exercise program has the potential to improve VO2max and diabetes-related abnormal gait in patients with DN. The observed decreases in peak vertical ground reaction force during the heel contact of walking could be due to increased vastus lateralis and gluteus medius activities during the loading phase. Accordingly, we recommend to implement endurance-dominated exercise programs in type 2 diabetic patients because it is feasible, safe and effective by improving aerobic capacity and gait characteristics.
KW - oxygen consumption
KW - kinetics
KW - electromyography
KW - diabetic
KW - gait
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.654755
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 12
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Musculus, Lisa
A1 - Tünte, Markus R.
A1 - Raab, Markus
A1 - Kayhan, Ezgi
T1 - An Embodied Cognition Perspective on the Role of Interoception in the Development of the Minimal Self
JF - Frontiers in Psychology
N2 - Interoception is an often neglected but crucial aspect of the human minimal self. In this perspective, we extend the embodiment account of interoceptive inference to explain the development of the minimal self in humans. To do so, we first provide a comparative overview of the central accounts addressing the link between interoception and the minimal self. Grounding our arguments on the embodiment framework, we propose a bidirectional relationship between motor and interoceptive states, which jointly contribute to the development of the minimal self. We present empirical findings on interoception in development and discuss the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self. Moreover, we make theoretical predictions that can be tested in future experiments. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive view on the mechanisms underlying the minimal self by explaining the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self.
KW - interoception
KW - development of minimal self
KW - cardioception
KW - embodied cognition
KW - bodily self
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716950
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 12
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ciemer, Catrin
A1 - Rehm, Lars
A1 - Kurths, Jürgen
A1 - Donner, Reik Volker
A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1 - Boers, Niklas
T1 - An early-warning indicator for Amazon droughts exclusively based on tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures
JF - Environmental Research Letters
N2 - Droughts in tropical South America have an imminent and severe impact on the Amazon rainforest and affect the livelihoods of millions of people. Extremely dry conditions in Amazonia have been previously linked to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the adjacent tropical oceans. Although the sources and impacts of such droughts have been widely studied, establishing reliable multi-year lead statistical forecasts of their occurrence is still an ongoing challenge. Here, we further investigate the relationship between SST and rainfall anomalies using a complex network approach. We identify four ocean regions which exhibit the strongest overall SST correlations with central Amazon rainfall, including two particularly prominent regions in the northern and southern tropical Atlantic. Based on the time-dependent correlation between SST anomalies in these two regions alone, we establish a new early-warning method for droughts in the central Amazon basin and demonstrate its robustness in hindcasting past major drought events with lead-times up to 18 months.
KW - complex networks
KW - droughts
KW - prediction
KW - Amazon rainforest
Y1 - 2019
VL - 15
IS - 9
PB - IOP - Institute of Physics Publishing
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Haugsbakken, Halvdan
A1 - Hagelia, Marianne
ED - Meinel, Christoph
ED - Schweiger, Stefanie
ED - Staubitz, Thomas
ED - Conrad, Robert
ED - Alario Hoyos, Carlos
ED - Ebner, Martin
ED - Sancassani, Susanna
ED - Żur, Agnieszka
ED - Friedl, Christian
ED - Halawa, Sherif
ED - Gamage, Dilrukshi
ED - Scott, Jeffrey
ED - Kristine Jonson Carlon, May
ED - Deville, Yves
ED - Gaebel, Michael
ED - Delgado Kloos, Carlos
ED - von Schmieden, Karen
T1 - An asynchronous cooperative leaning design in a Small Private Online Course (SPOC)
JF - EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?
N2 - This short paper sets out to propose a novel and interesting learning design that facilitates for cooperative learning in which students do not conduct traditional group work in an asynchronous online education setting. This learning design will be explored in a Small Private Online Course (SPOC) among teachers and school managers at a teacher education. Such an approach can be made possible by applying specific criteria commonly used to define collaborative learning. Collaboration can be defined, among other things, as a structured way of working among students that includes elements of co-laboring. The cooperative learning design involves adapting various traditional collaborative learning approaches for use in an online learning environment. A critical component of this learning design is that students work on a self-defined case project related to their professional practices. Through an iterative process, students will receive ongoing feedback and formative assessments from instructors and follow students at specific points, meaning that co-constructing of knowledge and learning takes place as the SPOC progresses. This learning design can contribute to better learning experiences and outcomes for students, and be a valuable contribution to current research discussions on learning design in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs).
KW - Digitale Bildung
KW - Kursdesign
KW - MOOC
KW - Micro Degree
KW - Online-Lehre
KW - Onlinekurs
KW - Onlinekurs-Produktion
KW - digital education
KW - e-learning
KW - micro degree
KW - micro-credential
KW - online course creation
KW - online course design
KW - online teaching
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-622107
SP - 67
EP - 76
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dreher, Dorothee
A1 - Baldermann, Susanne
A1 - Schreiner, Monika
A1 - Hause, Bettina
T1 - An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and a root pathogen induce different volatiles emitted by Medicago truncatula roots
JF - Journal of Advanced Research
N2 - Plants are in permanent contact with various microorganisms and are always impacted by them. To better understand the first steps of a plant’s recognition of soil-borne microorganisms, the early release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from roots of Medicago truncatula in response to the symbiont Rhizophagus irregularis or the pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches was analysed. More than 90 compounds were released from roots as detected by an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry approach. Principal component analyses clearly distinguished untreated roots from roots treated with either R. irregularis or A. euteiches. Several VOCs were found to be emitted specifically in response to each of the microorganisms. Limonene was specifically emitted from wild-type roots after contact with R. irregularis spores but not from roots of the mycorrhiza-deficient mutant does not make infections3. The application of limonene to mycorrhizal roots, however, did not affect the mycorrhization rate. Inoculation of roots with A. euteiches zoospores resulted in the specific emission of several sesquiterpenes, such as nerolidol, viridiflorol and nerolidol-epoxyacetate but application of nerolidol to zoospores of A. euteiches did not affect their vitality. Therefore, plants discriminate between different microorganisms at early stages of their interaction and respond differently to the level of root-emitted volatiles.
KW - Arbuscular mycorrhiza
KW - Oomycetous pathogen
KW - Volatile organic compound (VOC)
KW - Aeroponic cultivation
KW - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.002
SN - 2090-1232
SN - 2090-1224
VL - 19
SP - 85
EP - 90
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Uličná, Lenka
ED - Denz, Rebekka
ED - Rudolf, Gabi
T1 - Amulets Found in Bohemian Genizot
BT - a first approach
KW - Genisa
KW - Jüdische Studien
KW - Geniza
KW - Jewish Studies
KW - Franken
KW - Franconia
KW - Landesgeschichte
KW - Ländliches Judentum
KW - Rural Jewry
KW - regional history
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470952
SN - 978-3-86956-470-8
SP - 69
EP - 80
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aloni, Sapir Shekef
A1 - Perovic, Milena
A1 - Weitman, Michal
A1 - Cohen, Reut
A1 - Oschatz, Martin
A1 - Mastai, Yitzhak
T1 - Amino acid-based ionic liquids as precursors for the synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons
JF - Nanoscale Advances
N2 - The synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons based on chiral ionic liquids (CILs) of amino acids as precursors is described. Such unique precursors for the carbonization of CILs yield chiral carbonaceous materials with high surface area (approximate to 620 m(2) g(-1)). The enantioselectivities of the porous carbons are examined by advanced techniques such as selective adsorption of enantiomers using cyclic voltammetry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and mass spectrometry. These techniques demonstrate the chiral nature and high enantioselectivity of the chiral carbon materials. Overall, we believe that the novel approach presented here can contribute significantly to the development of new chiral carbon materials that will find important applications in chiral chemistry, such as in chiral catalysis and separation and in chiral sensors. From a scientific point of view, the approach and results reported here can significantly deepen our understanding of chirality at the nanoscale and of the structure and nature of chiral nonporous materials and surfaces.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9na00520j
SN - 2516-0230
VL - 1
IS - 12
SP - 4981
EP - 4988
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Naolou, Toufik
A1 - Lendlein, Andreas
A1 - Neffe, Axel T.
T1 - Amides as non-polymerizable catalytic adjuncts enable the ring-opening polymerization of lactide with ferrous acetate under mild conditions
JF - Frontiers in Chemistry
N2 - Sn-based catalysts are effective in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) but are toxic. Fe(OAc)(2) used as an alternative catalyst is suitable for the ROP of lactide only at higher temperatures (>170 degrees C), associated with racemization. In the ROP of ester and amide group containing morpholinediones with Fe(OAc)(2) to polydepsipeptides at 135 degrees C, ester bonds were selectively opened. Here, it was hypothesized that ROP of lactones is possible with Fe(OAc)(2) when amides are present in the reactions mixture as Fe-ligands could increase the solubility and activity of the metal catalytic center. The ROP of lactide in the melt with Fe(OAc)(2) is possible at temperatures as low as 105 degrees C, in the presence of N-ethylacetamide or N-rnethylbenzamide as non-polymerizable catalytic adjuncts (NPCA), with high conversion (up to 99 mol%) and yield (up to 88 mol%). Polydispersities of polylactide decreased with decreasing reaction temperature to <= 1.1. NMR as well as polarimetric studies showed that no racemization occurred at reaction temperatures <= 145 degrees C. A kinetic study demonstrated a living chain-growth mechanism. MALDI analysis revealed that no side reactions (e.g., cyclization) occurred, though transesterification took place.
KW - ring-opening polymerization
KW - polyester
KW - catalyst
KW - iron
KW - amide ligand
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00346
SN - 2296-2646
VL - 7
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schwartz, Yitzchak
T1 - American Jewish Ideas in a Transnational Jewish World, 1843–1900
JF - PaRDeS : Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany
JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien
N2 - As mid-19th-century American Jews introduced radical changes to their religious observance and began to define Judaism in new ways, to what extent did they engage with European Jewish ideas? Historians often approach religious change among Jews from German lands during this period as if Jewish immigrants had come to America with one set of ideas that then evolved solely in conversation with their American contexts. Historians have similarly cast the kinds of Judaism Americans created as both unique to America and uniquely American. These characterizations are accurate to an extent. But to what extent did Jewish innovations in the United States take place in conversation with European Jewish developments? Looking to the 19th-century American Jewish press, this paper seeks to understand how American Jews engaged European Judaism in formulating their own ideas, understanding themselves, and understanding their place in world Judaism.
KW - modern Jewish history
KW - Orthodox Judaism
KW - Reform Judaism
KW - Isaac Leeser
KW - Isaac Mayer Wise
KW - print culture
KW - 19th century
KW - German Jewry
KW - United States
KW - moderne jüdische Geschichte
KW - jüdische Orthodoxie
KW - Reformjudentum
KW - Isaac Leeser
KW - Isaac Mayer Wise
KW - 19. Jahrhundert
KW - deutsch-jüdische Geschichte
KW - USA
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-532835
SN - 978-3-86956-520-0
SN - 1614-6492
SN - 1862-7684
IS - 27
SP - 39
EP - 52
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lange, Bastian
A1 - Bürkner, Hans-Joachim
T1 - Ambiguous avant-gardes and their geographies
BT - on blank spots of the postgrowth debate
JF - Die Erde : journal of the Geographical Society of Berlin ; Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin
N2 - In the following article, the focus is on the transformative potentials created by so-called persistence avant-gardes and prevention innovators. The text extends Bluhdorn's guiding concept of narratives of hope (Bluhdorn 2017; Bluhdorn and Butzlaff 2019) by considering those groups that are marginalized within debates on socio-ecological transformation. With a closer look at the narratives of prevention and blockade that these actors engage, the ambiguous nature of postgrowth avant-gardes is carved out. Their discursive, argumentative, and effective inhibition of transitory policies is interpreted as a pro-active potential, rather than a mere obstacle to socio-ecological transformation. Adding a geographical perspective, the paper pleads for a more precise theoretical penetration of the ambivalent figure of avantgardes when analyzing processes of local and regional postgrowth.
N2 - Mit dem Beitrag richten wir den Fokus auf transformative Potenziale, die von sogenannten Beharrungsavantgar-den und Präventionsinnovatoren ausgehen. Der Text erweitert Blühdorns Leitkonzept der Hoffnungsnarrative (Blühdorn 2017; Blühdorn and Butzlaff 2019), indem er jene Gruppen in den Blick nimmt, die in den Debatten um die sozial-ökologische Transformation marginalisiert werden. Mit einem genaueren Blick auf die Präventions- und Blockade-Narrative dieser Akteure wird die Mehrdeutigkeit der Postwachstumsavantgarden herausgear-beitet. Ihre diskursive, argumentative und effektive Verhinderung transitorischer Politiken wird als proaktives Potenzial und nicht als bloßes Hindernis für eine sozial-ökologische Transformation interpretiert. Unter Hinzu-nahme einer geographischen Perspektive plädiert der Beitrag für eine präzisere theoretische Durchdringung der ambivalenten Figur der Avantgarden bei der Analyse lokaler und regionaler Postwachstumsvorgänge.
KW - alternative economies
KW - transformative policies
KW - change agents
KW - postgrowth
KW - regional development
KW - East Germany
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.12854/erde-2021-566
SN - 0013-9998
VL - 152
IS - 4
SP - 273
EP - 287
PB - Gesellschaft für Erdkunde
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Weiss, Irene M.
ED - Ambühl, Annemarie
T1 - Amarilis y la belleza de Zacinto
BT - voces de poetas en el idilio 4 de Teócrito
JF - thersites 11: tessellae – Birthday Issue for Christine Walde
N2 - Theocritus’ id. 4 has been considered by some scholars as an example of rural mime; the fact that the poem, a unique case in the Corpus Theocriteum, does not contain any pastoral song or contest contributes to the impression of ‘realism’. This lack could be an obstacle for the poetological approach to the bucolic genre in antiquity, which considers metapoetry as its main feature. Our reading of the idyll shows that this limitation is only apparent.
KW - Theocritus
KW - bucolic genre
KW - metapoetry
KW - intertextuality
KW - Aristophanes
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol11.174
SN - 2364-7612
VL - 2020
IS - 11
SP - 1
EP - 30
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schröter, David
A1 - Neugart, Susanne
A1 - Schreiner, Monika
A1 - Grune, Tilman
A1 - Rohn, Sascha
A1 - Ott, Christiane
T1 - Amaranth’s 2-Caffeoylisocitric Acid—An Anti-Inflammatory Caffeic Acid Derivative That Impairs NF-κB Signaling in LPS-Challenged RAW 264.7 Macrophages
JF - Nutrients
N2 - For centuries, Amaranthus sp. were used as food, ornamentals, and medication. Molecular mechanisms, explaining the health beneficial properties of amaranth, are not yet understood, but have been attributed to secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds. One of the most abundant phenolic compounds in amaranth leaves is 2-caffeoylisocitric acid (C-IA) and regarding food occurrence, C-IA is exclusively found in various amaranth species. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of C-IA, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid in LPS-challenged macrophages (RAW 264.7) has been investigated and cellular contents of the caffeic acid derivatives (CADs) were quantified in the cells and media. The CADs were quantified in the cell lysates in nanomolar concentrations, indicating a cellular uptake. Treatment of LPS-challenged RAW 264.7 cells with 10 µM of CADs counteracted the LPS effects and led to significantly lower mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6, by directly decreasing the translocation of the nuclear factor κB/Rel-like containing protein 65 into the nucleus. This work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that attribute to amaranth’s anti-inflammatory properties and highlights C-IA’s potential as a health-beneficial compound for future research.
KW - inflammation
KW - caffeic acid derivatives
KW - RAW 264
KW - 7 macrophages
KW - NF-kappa B
KW - amaranth
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030571
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 11
IS - 3
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Franken, Nadine
A1 - Degeling, Maria
A1 - Preisfeld, Angelika
ED - Mientus, Lukas
ED - Klempin, Christiane
ED - Nowak, Anna
T1 - Am Puls der (digitalen) Zeit?
BT - E-Peer-Assessments im Praxissemester in den Fächern Biologie und Mathematik
JF - Reflexion in der Lehrkräftebildung: Empirisch – Phasenübergreifend – Interdisziplinär (Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)
N2 - In diesem Beitrag wird ein geplantes digitales Lehrkonzept für die universitäre Begleitung des Praxissemesters in den Fächern Biologie und Mathematik vorgestellt. Darin setzen sich Studierende im Praxissemester selbstständig fachspezifische Schwerpunkte für die Planung, Durchführung und Reflexion von Unterrichtsprojekten in der Schule. Optimalerweise ergibt sich aus den Unterrichtsprojekten auch eine fachbezogene Fragestellung, die von den Studierenden im Zuge Forschenden Lernens ergründet werden kann. Begleitet wird der gesamte Prozess durch systematisch angeleitete E-Peer-Assessments (E-PA). Dabei treten Studierende in Peers in den digitalen, schriftlichen Dialog über Unterricht und durchlaufen gemeinsam Reflexions- und Feedbackschleifen, welche durch die universitäre Seminarleitung instruiert werden.
KW - E-Peer-Assessment
KW - Feedback
KW - Lehrkräftebildung
KW - Praxissemester
KW - Reflexion
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631402
SN - 978-3-86956-566-8
SN - 2626-3556
SN - 2626-4722
IS - 4
SP - 221
EP - 231
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Löw, Martina
A1 - Sayman, Volkan
A1 - Schwerer, Jona
A1 - Wolf, Hannah
ED - Löw, Martina
ED - Sayman, Volkan
ED - Schwerer, Jona
ED - Wolf, Hannah
T1 - Am Ende der Globalisierung
BT - über die Refiguration von Räumen
T2 - Am Ende der Globalisierung
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-8394-5402-2
SN - 978-3-8376-5402-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839454022
SP - 9
EP - 22
PB - transcript
CY - Bielefeld
ER -
TY - BOOK
ED - Löw, Martina
ED - Sayman, Volkan
ED - Schwerer, Jona
ED - Wolf, Hannah
T1 - Am Ende der Globalisierung
BT - über die Refiguration von Räumen
T3 - Re-Figuration von Räumen
N2 - Die Globalisierung ist zur allgegenwärtigen Gewissheit geworden. Doch wie zutreffend ist das Konzept »Globalisierung«, wenn zeitgleich nationale Grenzen gestärkt und transnationale Freihandelszonen ausgeweitet werden, wenn auf unterschiedlichen scales Territorien überwunden und zugleich territoriale Abgrenzungen neu gesetzt werden? Aktuelle Veränderungen als Re-Figuration von Räumen zu verstehen, ermöglicht die Analyse und Diskussion widersprüchlicher, spannungsreicher und konflikthafter räumlicher Prozesse und ihrer alltäglichen Erfahrung. Die interdisziplinären Beiträge des Bandes liefern theoretische und empirische Analysen zu politischen, digitalen und alltäglichen Räumen im Konzept der Re-Figuration.
KW - Globalisierung
KW - Raum
KW - Re-Figuration
KW - Moderne
KW - Sicherheit
KW - Stadt
KW - Land
KW - Nationalstaat
KW - Europa
KW - Wissen
KW - Grenze
KW - Digitale Planung
KW - Smart City
KW - Öffentlichkeit
KW - Medien
KW - Migration
KW - Tourismus
KW - Berlin
KW - Wandel
KW - Lebensmittel
KW - Materialität
KW - Soziologische Theorie
KW - Soziologie
KW - globalization
KW - space
KW - modernity
KW - security
KW - city
KW - country
KW - nation-state
KW - europe
KW - knowledge
KW - border
KW - digital planning
KW - public sphere
KW - media
KW - tourism
KW - change
KW - foods
KW - materiality
KW - sociological theory
KW - sociology
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-8376-5402-8
SN - 978-3-8394-5402-2
U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839454022
VL - 1
PB - transcript
CY - Bielefeld
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bade, Nadine
A1 - Picat, Leo
A1 - Chung, WooJin
A1 - Mascarenhas, Salvador
T1 - Alternatives and attention in language and reasoning: A reply to Mascarenhas & Picat (2019)
JF - Semantics and Pragmatics
N2 - In this paper, we employ an experimental paradigm using insights from the psychology of reasoning to investigate the question whether certain modals generate and draw attention to alternatives. The article extends and builds on the methodology and findings of Mascarenhas & Picat (2019). Based on experimental results, they argue that the English epistemic modal might raises alternatives. We apply the same methodology to the English modal allowed to to test different hypotheses regarding the involvement of alternatives in deontic modality. We find commonalities and differences between the two modals we tested. We discuss theoretical consequences for existing semantic analyses of these modals, and argue that reasoning tasks can serve as a diagnostic tool to discover which natural language expressions involve alternatives.
KW - reasoning
KW - modals
KW - alternatives
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3765/sp.15.2
SN - 1937-8912
VL - 15
PB - Linguistic Society of America
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Strefler, Jessica
A1 - Kriegler, Elmar
A1 - Bauer, Nico
A1 - Luderer, Gunnar
A1 - Pietzcker, Robert C.
A1 - Giannousakis, Anastasis
A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar
T1 - Alternative carbon price trajectories can avoid excessive carbon removal
JF - Nature communications
N2 - The large majority of climate change mitigation scenarios that hold warming below 2 °C show high deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), resulting in a peak-and-decline behavior in global temperature. This is driven by the assumption of an exponentially increasing carbon price trajectory which is perceived to be economically optimal for meeting a carbon budget. However, this optimality relies on the assumption that a finite carbon budget associated with a temperature target is filled up steadily over time. The availability of net carbon removals invalidates this assumption and therefore a different carbon price trajectory should be chosen. We show how the optimal carbon price path for remaining well below 2 °C limits CDR demand and analyze requirements for constructing alternatives, which may be easier to implement in reality. We show that warming can be held at well below 2 °C at much lower long-term economic effort and lower CDR deployment and therefore lower risks if carbon prices are high enough in the beginning to ensure target compliance, but increase at a lower rate after carbon neutrality has been reached.
KW - climate-change mitigation
KW - climate sciences
KW - environmental sciences
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22211-2
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 12
IS - 1
PB - Nature Publishing Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Busch, Aglaja
A1 - Blasimann, Angela
A1 - Mayer, Frank
A1 - Baur, Heiner
T1 - Alterations in sensorimotor function after ACL reconstruction during active joint position sense testing. A systematic review
JF - PLOS ONE
N2 - Background
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture can lead to impaired knee function. Reconstruction decreases the mechanical instability but might not have an impact on sensorimotor alterations.
Objective
Evaluation of the sensorimotor function measured with the active joint position sense (JPS) test in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed patients compared to the contralateral side and a healthy control group.
Methods
The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from origin until April 2020. Studies published in English, German, French, Spanish or Italian language were included. Evaluation of the sensorimotor performance was restricted to the active joint position sense test in ACL reconstructed participants or healthy controls. The Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Data was descriptively synthesized.
Results
Ten studies were included after application of the selective criteria. Higher angular deviation, reaching significant difference (p < 0.001) in one study, was shown up to three months after surgery in the affected limb. Six months post-operative significantly less error (p < 0.01) was found in the reconstructed leg compared to the contralateral side and healthy controls. One or more years after ACL reconstruction significant differences were inconsistent along the studies.
Conclusions
Altered sensorimotor function was present after ACL reconstruction. Due to inconsistencies and small magnitudes, clinical relevance might be questionable. JPS testing can be performed in acute injured persons and prospective studies could enhance knowledge of sensorimotor function throughout the rehabilitative processes.
KW - Body limbs
KW - Knees
KW - Sensory perception
KW - Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
KW - Legs
KW - Tendons
KW - Surgical and invasive medical procedures
KW - Systematic reviews
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253503
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 16
IS - 6
PB - PLOS
CY - San Francisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Machleb, Franziska
A1 - Seyboth, Margret
T1 - Alles kann besser werden!
BT - Eine Analyse von Fehlern beim aphasischen Benennen
JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510412
SN - 978-3-86956-507-1
SN - 1866-9085
SN - 1866-9433
IS - 14
SP - 121
EP - 137
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried
A1 - Mauermeister, Sylvi
A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike
A1 - Erdmann, Melinda
T1 - Alles auf (Studien-)Anfang? Faktoren für den Studienerfolg in der Eingangsphase und zur Studienmitte
BT - Befunde und Empfehlungen des StuFo-Projekts
JF - Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung
N2 - Die hohen Abbruchquoten, insbesondere in der Studieneingangsphase, haben die Hochschulen in Deutschland veranlasst, eine Vielzahl von Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, über deren Wirkungen bisher allerdings wenig bekannt ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Befunde eines Forschungsprojekts speziell zur Studieneingangsphase sowie ergänzend zur Studienmitte vorgestellt, dessen Ziel es war, Bedingungen eines erfolgreichen Studieneinstiegs zu identifizieren und Empfehlungen für eine Optimierung des Studieneingangs abzuleiten. Das Forschungsdesign umfasste neben qualitativen Studien vor allem eine quantitative Längsschnittbefragung an fünf Universitäten (Potsdam, Mainz, Magdeburg, Kiel und Greifswald). Im Ergebnis der Analysen konnte die forschungsleitende Hypothese, dass Maßnahmen zum Studieneingang vor allem dann zur Erhöhung des Studienerfolgs einen Beitrag leisten, wenn sie zur akademischen und sozialen Integration in die Hochschule beitragen, bestätigt werden. Bedeutsam für den Studienerfolg sind demnach insbesondere solche Faktoren wie die Identifikation mit dem Studienfach, die Selbstwirksamkeit, die berufliche bzw. erfolgsorientierte Lernmotivation und die akademische Integration. Daneben konnte ein positiver Einfluss des sozialen Klimas sowie des Forschungs- und Praxisbezugs auf die Studienzufriedenheit nachgewiesen werden. Weiterführende Analysen zur Studienmitte verdeutlichen zudem, dass für die beiden Studienphasen (Eingang und Studienmitte) gleiche Faktoren bei zum Teil unterschiedlicher Gewichtung eine Rolle spielen. So ist die soziale Integration ein wesentlicher Prädiktor in beiden Phasen – in der Eingangsphase eher in die Studierendenschaft und im weiteren Studienverlauf (Studienmitte) eher in die akademische Gemeinschaft (in Form von Lehrenden). Insofern muss die Eingangsfrage wie folgt beantwortet werden: Ja, alles auf Anfang, aber dann mit den Bemühungen, soziale und akademische Integration aller Studierenden voll und ganz zu gewährleisten. Zudem machen die Befunde auf die bisher offenbar unterschätzte Rolle von Verwertungsmotiven aufmerksam.
KW - Studienabbruch
KW - Studieneingang
KW - Studienerfolg
KW - Wirkungsforschung
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-492623
SN - 978-3-86956-498-2
SN - 2192-1075
SN - 2192-1083
IS - 6
SP - 27
EP - 54
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Warszawski, Lila
A1 - Kriegler, Elmar
A1 - Lenton, Timothy M.
A1 - Gaffney, Owen
A1 - Jacob, Daniela
A1 - Klingenfeld, Daniel
A1 - Koide, Ryu
A1 - Costa, María Máñez
A1 - Messner, Dirk
A1 - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
A1 - Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
A1 - Schlosser, Peter
A1 - Takeuchi, Kazuhiko
A1 - van der Leeuw, Sander
A1 - Whiteman, Gail
A1 - Rockström, Johan
T1 - All options, not silver bullets, needed to limit global warming to 1.5 °C
BT - a scenario appraisal
JF - Environmental research letters
N2 - Climate science provides strong evidence of the necessity of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, in line with the Paris Climate Agreement. The IPCC 1.5 °C special report (SR1.5) presents 414 emissions scenarios modelled for the report, of which around 50 are classified as '1.5 °C scenarios', with no or low temperature overshoot. These emission scenarios differ in their reliance on individual mitigation levers, including reduction of global energy demand, decarbonisation of energy production, development of land-management systems, and the pace and scale of deploying carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. The reliance of 1.5 °C scenarios on these levers needs to be critically assessed in light of the potentials of the relevant technologies and roll-out plans. We use a set of five parameters to bundle and characterise the mitigation levers employed in the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios. For each of these levers, we draw on the literature to define 'medium' and 'high' upper bounds that delineate between their 'reasonable', 'challenging' and 'speculative' use by mid century. We do not find any 1.5 °C scenarios that stay within all medium upper bounds on the five mitigation levers. Scenarios most frequently 'over use' CDR with geological storage as a mitigation lever, whilst reductions of energy demand and carbon intensity of energy production are 'over used' less frequently. If we allow mitigation levers to be employed up to our high upper bounds, we are left with 22 of the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios with no or low overshoot. The scenarios that fulfil these criteria are characterised by greater coverage of the available mitigation levers than those scenarios that exceed at least one of the high upper bounds. When excluding the two scenarios that exceed the SR1.5 carbon budget for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, this subset of 1.5 °C scenarios shows a range of 15–22 Gt CO2 (16–22 Gt CO2 interquartile range) for emissions in 2030. For the year of reaching net zero CO2 emissions the range is 2039–2061 (2049–2057 interquartile range).
KW - climate change
KW - emissions scenarios
KW - 1.5 ◦C
KW - negative emissions
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abfeec
SN - 1748-9326
N1 - Corrigendum: 10.1088/1748-9326/acbf6a
VL - 16
IS - 6
PB - IOP Publishing
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mientus, Lukas
A1 - Wulff, Peter
A1 - Nowak, Anna
A1 - Borowski, Andreas
T1 - Algorithmen als Dozierende?
BT - Akzeptanz von KI-basierten Lernangeboten in der Physik-Lehrkräftebildung
JF - PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivitäten im Rahmen der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)
N2 - Auf maschinellem Lernen basierende Tools haben schon längst Einzug in unseren Alltag gefunden und so konnten auch in der Lehrkräftebildung erste Anwendungen entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert werden. Im Teilprojekt Physikdidaktik des Schwerpunktes 2 „Schulpraktische Studien“ wurden auf Basis eines Rahmenmodells für Reflexion (Nowak et al., 2019) automatisierte Analysemethoden (Wulff et al., 2020) entwickelt und fanden Einzug in universitäre fachdidaktische Lehre (Mientus et al., 2021a). Mit dem Projekt konnten Potenziale KI-basierter Unterstützung aufgezeigt und verstetigt sowie spezifische Herausforderungen identifiziert werden. Dieser Beitrag skizziert ausgewählte Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und weiterführende Forschungen unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Akzeptanz computerunterstützter Lehre.
N2 - Tools based on machine learning have entered our everyday lives, and so it has been possible to develop, test and evaluate first applications in teacher training. In the physics education research group of the focus project 2 “Practical School Studies”, automated analysis methods were developed (Nowak et al., 2019) on the basis of a reflection-supporting model (Wulff et al., 2020). These analysis methods were then employed in university teacher teaching (Mientus et al., 2021a). With this project, potentials of machine learning-based feedback were explored, and challenges were identified. This article outlines selected applications and further research with regards to the acceptance of computer-supported teaching.
KW - Reflexion
KW - Feedback
KW - Lehrkräftebildung
KW - KI-Anwendung
KW - reflexion
KW - feedback
KW - teacher training
KW - application of artificial intelligence
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616407
SN - 978-3-86956-568-2
SN - 2626-3556
SN - 2626-4722
IS - 3
SP - 117
EP - 129
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexandre de Humboldt et le Marquis de Laplace
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Pierre-Simon Marquis de Laplace joua un rôle éminent dans la vie scientifique d’Alexandre de Humboldt. Humboldt avait fait la connaissance du savant français qui avait vingt ans de plus que lui-même à Paris en 1798. L’article de Eberhard Knobloch examine la relation entre ces deux géants de la science en s’appuyant entre autre pour la première fois sur des documents inédits: les quatre lettres de Laplace à Humboldt, le journal d’Humboldt et sur le matériel d’archives conservé aux Archives de l’Académie des Sciences de Berlin-Brandebourg.
KW - Archiv
KW - Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
KW - Briefkorrespondenz
KW - Briefwechsel
KW - Pierre-Simon Laplace
KW - Tagebuch
Y1 - 2014
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84814
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XV
IS - 29
SP - 23
EP - 35
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seemann, Jörn
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt’s Search for the Casiquiare Canal
BT - Movements, Measurements, Maps
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Though Humboldt’s travels to the Americas have been analyzed from a wide range of viewpoints, there are specific aspects that still await further investigation. Little is written about Humboldt in the field, specifically how he moved between different locations and simultaneously measured and mapped places and phenomena. The aim of this article is to discuss the triad movement-measure-ment-map that led to the development of specific practices of knowledge building on the move. Humboldt’s search for the connections between the watersheds of the Orinoco and the Amazon rivers and the resulting maps and drawings are used as an example to point out his cartographic impulse in his quest to understand and explain the physical world.
N2 - Obwohl Humboldts Reisen nach Amerika unter ver-schiedenen Gesichtspunkten analysiert wurden, gibt es bestimmte Aspekte, die noch weiter untersucht werden müssen. Wenig ist jedoch über Humboldt im Feld geschrieben, insbesondere darüber, wie er sich zwischen verschiedenen Orten bewegte und gleichzeitig Lokalitäten und Phänomene maß und kartierte. Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die Triade Bewegung-Messung-Landkarte zu diskutieren, die zur Entwicklung spezifischer Praktiken des „Wissenschaffens“ in Bewegung führte. Humboldts Suche nach den Verbindungen zwischen den Wassereinzugsgebieten des Orinoco und des Amazo-nasflusses sowie die daraus resultierenden Karten und Zeichnungen dienen als Beispiel, um seinen kartografischen Impuls bei seinem Bestreben, die physische Welt zu verstehen und zu erklären, hervorzuheben.
N2 - Aunque los viajes de Humboldt a las Américas han sido analizados desde una amplia gama de puntos de vista, hay aspectos específicos que aún esperan una mayor investigación. Poco se escribe sobre Humboldt en el campo, específicamente cómo se movió entre diferentes lugares y simultáneamente midió y cartografió lugares y fenómenos. El objetivo de este artículo es discutir la tríada movimien-to-medición-mapa que condujo al desarrollo de prácticas específicas de construcción de conocimiento en movimiento. La investigación de Humboldt de las conexiones entre las cuencas hidrográficas del Orinoco y del Amazonas y los mapas y dibujos resultantes se utiliza como un ejemplo para señalar su impulso cartográfico en su búsqueda para comprender y explicar el mundo físico.
KW - America journey
KW - cartography
KW - knowledge and movement
KW - Casquiare Canal
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488363
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXI
IS - 41
SP - 77
EP - 106
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werner, Anja
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt’s footnotes
BT - “Networks of Knowledge” in the sources of the 1826 Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Alexander von Humboldts Fußnoten waren ihrer Zeit weit voraus, obwohl sie kaum den heutigen akademischen Standards entsprechen. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Fußnoten in Humboldts Essai politique sur l‘île de Cuba (1826). Zwar ist es nicht immer leicht, die manchmal recht geheimnisvollen Verweise zu entschlüsseln, dennoch lohnt sich der Versuch: Humboldts Fußnoten geben nicht nur Auskunft über seine umfassenden Netzwerke des Wissens. Sie verweisen auch auf Auseinandersetzungen verschiedener Gelehrter über Humboldts Schriften. Schließlich beinhalten sie Humboldts Reaktionen auf solche Auseinandersetzungen. Eine Untersuchung von Humboldts Fußnoten erlaubt es folglich dem Leser, mehr über Humboldt den Wissenschaftler aber auch Humboldt den Mensch zu erfahren.
N2 - When it comes to footnotes, Alexander von Humboldt was ahead of his times even though his references leave much to be desired by today’s academic standards. This article examines the footnotes of Humboldt’s Essai politique sur l‘île de Cuba (1826). While it is not always easy to decipher his sometimes cryptic references, the undertaking is worthwhile: Humboldt’s footnotes do not only reveal his vast networks of knowledge. They also provide glimpses of ongoing, contemporary disputes among different scholars that involve Humboldt’s writings. They also present Humboldt’s reactions to such disputes. Exploring Humboldt’s footnotes consequently allows the reader to access both Humboldt the scholar and Humboldt the human being.
N2 - Quand il s’agit de notes, Alexandre de Humboldt était en avance sur son temps, même si ses références laissent beaucoup à désirer par rapport aux normes universitaires d’aujourd’hui. Cet article examine les notes de l’Essai Politique sur l‘île de Cuba de Humboldt (1826). Même s’il n’est pas toujours facile de déchiffrer ses références parfois cryptiques, l’entreprise vaut la peine: les notes de Humboldt ne révèlent pas seulement ses vastes réseaux de savoir. Ils fournissent également des aperçus de conflits contemporains en cours entre les différents spécialistes qui s’occupent des écrits de Humboldt. Ils présentent également les réactions de Humboldt à de tels différends. Explorer les notes de Humboldt permet donc au lecteur d’accéder à la fois Humboldt le savant et Humboldt l’être humain.
KW - Essai politique sur l'île de Cuba
KW - Fußnoten
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84076
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XV
IS - 28
SP - 59
EP - 67
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni
A1 - Luján, Leonardo López
A1 - Wey, Claude
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts „Aztekische Priesterin“ alias die Chalchiuhtlicue aus der Sammlung Guillermo Dupaix. Historiografi scher Essay einer Translokation
von Mexico-Stadt nach London
BT - Historiografi scher Essay einer Translokation von Mexico-Stadt nach London
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz
N2 - Während seines Aufenthalts 1803 in Mexiko machte von Humboldt die Bekanntschaft von Dupaix, einem spanischen Soldaten luxemburgischer Herkunft und Liebhaber präkolumbischer Altertümer. Die Entdeckung verschiedener Manuskripte Dupaix’ sowie die Untersuchung diverser Archive und persönlicher Aufzeichnungen des Freiherrn und von Dokumenten unterschiedlicher Institutionen beiderseits des Atlantiks erlauben es, den außergewöhnlichen Weg eines berühmten mexikanischen Objekts, der Chalchiuhtlicue, nachzuvollziehen, die der preußische Forschungsreisende 1810 als „aztekische Priesterin“ in seinem Buch Vues des cordillères … beschrieben hatte. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, die verschiedenen Besitzer und die Umstände nachzuzeichnen, welche die Wanderung dieser emblematischen prähispanischen Statuette von Mexiko-Stadt nach London fast ein halbes Jahrhundert lang begleitet haben.
N2 - In 1803, during his sojourn in Mexico, von Humboldt made the acquaintance of Dupaix, a Spanish soldier of Luxemburgish origin with a keen interest in pre-Columbian art. The discovery of several manuscripts belonging to Dupaix, together with a study of various archives and personal notes left by Humboldt, not to mention the documents held in different institutions on both sides of the Atlantic, have made it possible to recreate the remarkable itinerary of a famous Mexica work of art, that of Chalchiuhtlicue. In his ground-breaking work Vues des cordillères … published in 1810, the Prussian explorer had referred to her as an “Aztec Priestess”. In this article we attempt to trace the various successive owners of this emblematic pre-Hispanic statuette and the circumstances surrounding the period of almost 50 years it spent wandering between Mexico and London.
N2 - El descubrimiento de diferentes manuscritos de Dupaix, militar español de origen luxemburgués aficionado a las antigüedades precolombinas que se entrevistó en 1803 con von Humboldt con motivo de su estancia en México, unido al examen de diversos archivos y notas personales del barón, así como de documentos conservados en diversas instituciones de uno y otro lado del Atlántico, permite seguir el recorrido singular de una célebre antigüedad mexicana, a saber la Chalchiuhtlicue, que el explorador prusiano identifi có en 1810 como una “sacerdotisa azteca” en su obra Vues des cordillères… La presente contribución intenta rastrear a los sucesivos diferentes propietarios y las circunstancias que han acompañado durante más de medio siglo a la peregrinación de esta emblemática estatuilla prehispánica de México a Londres.
KW - Lateinamerika
KW - Mexiko
KW - British Museum
KW - Translokation
KW - Historiografie
KW - Guillermo Dupaix
KW - Mexikanische Wassergöttin
KW - Chalchiuhtlicue
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-532802
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXII
IS - 43
SP - 13
EP - 28
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Knobloch, Eberhard
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts unbekannter Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt führte einen bisher völlig unbekannten Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch, einem Neffen des berühmten Geologen Leopold von Buch. Die drei in französischer Sprache verfassten und in Rom aufbewahrten Briefe werden zum ersten Mal publiziert. Sie berichten insbesondere über interessante Details von Humboldts Russland-Reise und enthalten ein Empfehlungsschreiben für den Offizier und Historiker Leopold von Orlich.
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt’s correspondence with Ludwig August von Buch, a nephew of the famous geologist Leopold von Buch, has been completely unknown until now. The three letters, written in French and preserved in Rome, are published here for the first time. In particular, they describe interesting details of Humboldt’s journey through Russia and provide a letter of recommendation for the officer and historian Leopold von Orlich.
N2 - La correspondance d’Alexander von Humboldt avec Ludwig August von Buch, un neveu du fameux géologue Leopold von Buch, était complètement inconnue jusqu’à maintenant. Les trois lettres écrites en français et conservées à Rome sont publiées pour la première fois. Elles décrivent en particulier des détails intéressants du voyage de Humboldt par la Russie et présentent une lettre de recommandation pour l’officier et historien Leopold von Orlich.
KW - A. v. Humboldts Rußlandreise
KW - Ludwig August von Buch
KW - Preußische Legation am Römischen Hof
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616642
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXIV
IS - 47
SP - 5
EP - 13
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Knobloch, Eberhard
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts Naturgemälde der Anden
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Redaktionelle Bearbeitung:
Ulrich Päßler und Ingo Schwarz
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-617900
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXIV
IS - 47
SP - 109
EP - 122
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mikolajczyk, Aniela Maria
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts Manuskript Isle de Cube
BT - Antilles en général in der Biblioteka Jagiellońska als Vorstufe des Essai politique sur l'île de Cuba
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Das von Alexander von Humboldt ab 1804 oder später verfasste Manuskript „Isle de Cube. Antilles en général“ wurde erst kürzlich zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht. Es stellt die Grundlage für den Essai politique sur l‘île de Cuba (1826) dar, der als das „wichtigste liberale Manifest des 19. Jahrhunderts gegen die Sklaverei“ gilt. Ziel der Untersuchung ist, die textgenetische inhaltliche und stilistische Entwicklung vom Manuskript zur Publikation ansatzweise nachverfolgen zu können, um Rückschlüsse auf Humboldts Arbeitsweise und Strategien als Autor mit einem politischen Anliegen zu ziehen.
N2 - Le manuscrit «Isle de Cube. Antilles en général» – écrit par Alexander von Humboldt dès l’année 1804 ou plus tard, a été récemment publié pour la première fois. Il sert de fondation à l’Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba (1826), qui est considéré comme le «manifeste libéral le plus important du XIXe siècle contre l’esclavage». Cette étude propose une approche génétique concernant le contenu et le style du manuscrit jusqu’à la publication, pour en tirer des conclusions sur les méthodes et stratégies de travail de Humboldt comme auteur, notamment en lien avec des préoccupations politiques.
N2 - The manuscript “Isle de Cube. Antilles en général“, written by Alexander von Humboldt from 1804 onwards or later, has only recently been published. It is the groundwork for the Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba (1826), which is regarded as the “most important liberal manifesto against slavery of the 19th century“. The aim of this study is to trace the textual genesis of Humboldt’s work in regard to content and style from the manuscript to the publication in order to draw conclusions on Humboldt’s methods and strategies as an author with a political concern.
KW - Sklaverei
KW - Cuba-Manuskript
KW - Essai politique sur l'île de Cuba
KW - Abolitionismus
KW - Humboldt, Alexander von
KW - Amerikanische Reisetagebücher
KW - Reiseliteraur
Y1 - 2017
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395773
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XVIII
IS - 34
SP - 58
EP - 79
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Honigmann, Peter
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts Journale seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise 1829
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
KW - Eberhard Knobloch
KW - Ingo Schwarz
KW - neu gelesen
KW - Russland-Reise
KW - Russland-Tagebuch
KW - Schloss Tegel
KW - Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
KW - Tagebuch
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84080
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XV
IS - 28
SP - 68
EP - 77
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Faak, Margot
T1 - Alexander von Humboldts Amerikareise
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Für Margot Faak (1926–2015)
Am 14. Juni 2015 starb unsere Kollegin Margot Faak im 89. Lebensjahr. Wir erinnern an sie mit Worten des Abschieds von Eberhard Knobloch und dem Wiederabdruck eines Aufsatzes aus ihrer Feder von 1999.
Die Neuveröffentlichung erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung.
Der Text wurde in den Fußnoten durch einige aktuelle bibliographische und sachliche Angaben ergänzt.
HiN VII, 13 (2006) war Margot Faak zu ihrem 80. Geburtstag gewidmet. Das Heft enthält einen Lebenslauf und ein Verzeichnis ihrer Schriften.
Berlin, Oktober 2015
Regina Mikosch und Ingo Schwarz
KW - amerikanische Reisetagebücher
KW - Amerikareise
KW - Itinerar
KW - Tagebuch-Editionen
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-89029
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
N1 - Zuerst erschienen in:
Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Mitteilungen, Alexander von Humboldt-Magazin Nr. 73, 1999, S. 41-46.
VL - XVI
IS - 31
SP - 115
EP - 121
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sternagel, Renate
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt, Therese von Bacheracht, und die „verhängnissvolle Prosa des Lebens“
T2 - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz
N2 - Ausgehend von einem Brief Alexander von Humboldts an die Schriftstellerin Therese von Bacheracht(1804 – 1852) wird die Geschichte der Herausgabe der Briefe seines Bruders Wilhelm an Charlotte Diede im Jahr 1847, nach dem Tod beider Korrespondenten, nachgezeichnet. Besonders wird dabei auf die bisher unveröffentlichten „Tagesblätter“ Karl August Varnhagens von Ense zurückgegriffen, aus denen hervorgeht, dass Alexander von Humboldt seine anfangs ablehnende Haltung aufgibt, Varnhagen mit der Prüfung und Korrektur des Manuskripts betraut, und dass Therese von Bacheracht durch Hartnäckigkeit und Charme ihr Ziel erreicht, die nicht unbeträchtlichen Einnahmen aus der Veröffentlichung zugesprochen zu bekommen.
N2 - Using a letter written by Alexander von Humboldt to the writer Therese von Bacheracht (1804 – 1852), this paper tells the story of how Humboldt’s brother Wilhelm’s letters to Charlotte Diede were published in 1847, after the death of both correspondents. The emphasis is placed on the hitherto unpublished daily journals (Tagesblätter) of Karl August Varnhagen von Ense. Not only do they show how gradually Alexander von Humboldt abandons his former adverse attitude towards the project, but also that he asks Varnhagen to proofread the manuscript and that, by perseverance and her charming attitude, Therese von Bacheracht succeeds in obtaining considerable profi ts from the publication of the letters.
N2 - Sur la base d’une lettre d’Alexander von Humboldt à l’écrivain Therese von Bacheracht (1804 – 1852), on retrace l’histoire de la publication des lettres de son frère Wilhelm à Charlotte Diede en 1847, après la mort des deux correspondants. En particulier, on utilise les «Tagesblätter» inédits de Karl August Varnhagen von Ense, dont il ressort qu’Alexander von Humboldt renonce à son attitude initialement négative, confi e à Varnhagen la révision et la correction du manuscrit, et que Therese von Bacheracht avec persévérance et charme atteint leur objectif de se voir attribuer les revenus non négligeables de la publication.
KW - Therese von Bacheracht
KW - Wilhelm von Humboldt
KW - Charlotte Diede
KW - Tagesblätter Karl August Varnhagens von Ense
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-533283
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXII
IS - 43
SP - 83
EP - 100
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stottmeister, Ulrich Karl Bernd
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt zur „Weberei der Alten“: „Ich habe die Entdekkung gemacht….!“
BT - Zeit- und technikgeschichtliche Betrachtungen über sein verschollenes Manuskript
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Im Jahre 1789 hatte Alexander von Humboldt als Student in Göttingen mit großem Enthusiasmus ein Manuskript zur „Weberei der Alten“ verfasst. Es war das Ziel seiner Studie, die Technologie und die Terminologie der antiken Weberei zu erfassen und beide Gebiete vereint darzustellen. Dieses Manuskript ist nicht veröffentlicht worden und gilt als verschollen. Alexander von Humboldt hatte offenbar neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, denen er so große Bedeutung beimaß, dass er den Verlust seines Manuskriptes noch über 50 Jahre nach dessen Abfassung bedauerte. Humboldt benennt glücklicherweise in überlieferten Briefen verschiedene Grundgedanken seiner damaligen Arbeit. In der vorliegenden Studie wird unter Einbeziehung aktueller technikhistorischer Erkenntnisse nachgewiesen, dass der junge Alexander von Humboldt das für alle Webtechniken gültige Prinzip in seinen Grundzügen erkannt hatte.
N2 - En 1789 Alexander von Humboldt, aún como estudiante en Göttingen, escribió con gran entusiasmo un manuscrito sobre la “Tejeduría en la Antigüedad Clásica”. El objetivo de su estudio era comprender la tecnología y la terminología en uso referente al arte de tejer, para presentar ambas áreas en su relación. Este manuscrito no ha sido publicado y se considera perdido. Al parecer, Alexander von Humboldt había adquirido nuevas ideas que iban más allá del objetivo original de su investigación, las cuales consideraba tan importantes, que lamentó perder su manuscrito más de 50 años después de haberlo redactado. Afortunadamente, Humboldt enumeró varias de las ideas principales de su trabajo en cartas. En el presente estudio, que incluye conocimientos actuales de la historia de la técnica, se demuestra que el joven Alexander von Humboldt había reconocido el principio básico de generalización que se aplica a todas las técnicas de la tejeduría.
N2 - When Alexander von Humboldt was studying at Göttingen University, in 1789 he wrote an essay on “Weaving in the Ancient World”, a subject he tackled with great enthusiasm. His aim was to understand both, the technology and the terminology of ancient weaving. However, the essay has never been published and is believed to have been lost. He considered his findings to be so important that he regretted this loss even 50 years later. Fortunately, in some of his letters, Alexander von Humboldt mentioned the basic concepts which he wrote about in his essay on weaving. In the present study, including todayʼs knowledge of technical history, it is demonstrated that the young Alexander had recognized the general principles that apply to all weaving techniques.
KW - Weberei
KW - Besichtigungen in Berlin
KW - Göttingen
KW - Terminologie und Technologie der antiken Weberei
KW - Manuskript
KW - Alexanders neue Hypothesen
KW - Desinteresse bei Goethe u. a.
KW - Manuskript verschollen
KW - Richtigkeit der Ideen Alexanders Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts bewiesen
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488375
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXI
IS - 41
SP - 107
EP - 154
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gómez Gutiérrez, Alberto
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt y la cooperación transcontinental en la Geografía de las plantas
BT - una nueva apreciación de la obra fitogeográfica de Francisco José de Caldas
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - El Ensayo sobre la geografía de las plantas de Alexander von Humboldt ha trascendido como una de sus principales propuestas científicas, fundamento de lo que se conoce hoy como “biogeografía”. El origen de este concepto es difuso hasta el momento de la publicación simultánea de su obra en París y en Tübingen, en 1807. El presente artículo propone contrastar la primera versión manuscrita de este ensayo, elaborada en 1803 en Guayaquil y luego leída en 1805 en el Institut National de Paris, con la obra contemporánea del neogranadino Francisco José de Caldas, con quien convivió en Quito en el primer semestre de 1802.
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt´s Essay on the geography of plants has been perceived as one of his main scientific theories now referred as “biogeography”. The origin of this concept remains relatively vague up to the simultaneous publication of his work in Paris and Tübingen, in 1807. The present article intends a comparison of Humboldt´s first manuscript, signed in 1803 in Guayaquil and then read in 1805 in the Institut National de Paris, with the contemporary work of Francisco José de Caldas, with whom he lived in Quito during the first semester of 1802.
N2 - L´Essai sur la géographie des plantes d´Alexander von Humboldt est à la base de sa principale théorie scientifique, généralement adressée aujourd´hui sous le nom de “biogéographie”. Néanmoins, l'origine du concept reste relativement vague jusqu'à la publication simultanée de son travail à Paris et à Tübingen, en 1807. Le présent article propose une comparaison du premier manuscrit, signé par Humboldt en 1803 à Guayaquil, puis lu en 1805 à l'Institut National de Paris, avec le travail contemporain de Francisco José de Caldas, avec qui Humboldt a vécu à Quito au cours du premier semestre de 1802.
KW - Geografía de las plantas
KW - Fitogeografía
KW - Francisco José de Caldas
KW - Nuevo Reino de Granada
KW - Altitud
KW - Latitud
KW - Plantas útiles
Y1 - 2016
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98893
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XVII
IS - 33
SP - 24
EP - 51
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schulz-Lüpertz, Eberhard
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen
BT - auf den Spuren eines Helgoland-Briefs
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Die beiden Forschungsreisenden Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen haben sich während der gemeinsamen Studienzeit in Göttingen kennengelernt und sich dort über ihre Arbeiten zur Naturkunde ausgetauscht. Später brach Seetzen, wie Humboldt, zu einer großen Expedition auf, die ihn als ersten Europäer durch das zentrale Afrika führen sollte. Seine Forschungen im Nahen Osten gelten bis heute als Pionierleistungen der Orientalistik. Das Unternehmen fand auf der arabischen Halbinsel ein vorzeitiges, tragisches Ende.
Über die Beziehung der beiden Kommilitonen während ihrer Göttinger Zeit war bislang wenig bekannt. Ein kürzlich entdecktes Brieffragment ermöglicht neue Einblicke. Es erweist sich als eine Abschrift Seetzens aus einem bislang unbekannten Brief des einundzwanzigjährigen Humboldt über dessen Helgolandreise 1790. Im Zusammenhang mit weiteren Quellen kann diese Jugendfreundschaft nun besser bewertet werden.
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt and the Frisian naturalist Ulrich Jasper Seetzen met in 1789 during their studies at the University of Göttingen. They shared common scientific interests in natural history. Later Seetzen, like Humboldt, conducted a multidisciplinary expedition which was meant to encompass the Middle East, Arabia and, as a final destination, central Africa which he intended to traverse as the first European traveller. The expedition came to an abrupt end in Yemen.
This short description of Seetzen’s life and work focuses on his early relation to Humboldt. The paper centers around an investigation of a manuscript written by Seetzen which turns out to be an excerpt of a so far unknown letter by the 21-year-old Humboldt featuring a short observation abstract of his journey to the North Sea island Helgoland in 1790.
N2 - Les deux voyageurs scientifiques Alexandre de Humboldt et Ulrich Jasper Seetzen se sont connus au cours de leurs études universitaires à Goettingen. Ce fut là qu’ils se sont échangés sur la connaissance de la nature. Comme Humboldt, Seetzen partit pour une grande expédition qui devait le conduire, en tant que premier Européen, à l’Afrique centrale. Ses recherches au Proche-Orient sont considérées, aujourd’hui même, comme des travaux pionniers de l’orientalisme. A la péninsule arabe, son entreprise échoua d’une façon tragique.
Peu de chose est connu, jusqu’à présent, de leurs relations pendant leurs études à Goettingen. Le fragment d‘’une lettre récemment découverte nous permet d’en savoir plus. Il s’agit de la copie de la main de Seetzen d’une lettre, inconnue jusqu’à maintenant, du jeune Humboldt âgé de 21 anssur son voyagew à lîle de Helgoland en 1790. A l’aide d’autres sources en plus, l’amitié entre les deux jeunes peut être évalué d’une façon plus précise.
KW - Ulrich Jasper Seetzen
KW - Helgoland
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589870
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XXIII
IS - 44
SP - 95
EP - 130
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zielnica, Krzystof
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt und Polen – zum 150. Jahrestag seiner Reise nach Warschau
BT - mit einleitenden Worten von Ingo Schwarz
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Zuerst erschienen in:
Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Mitteilungen, 5. Jg., Heft 38, Oktober 1980, S. 27–36.
KW - Verhältnis zu Polen
KW - Ehrenmitglied der Warschauer Gesellschaft der Freunde der Wissenschaften
KW - Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz
KW - Nikolaus I.
KW - Kaiser von Russland und König von Polen (Kongresspolen)
Y1 - 2024
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646635
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXV
IS - 48
SP - 87
EP - 101
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Drozdowska-Broering, Izabela
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt und die polnische Wissenschafts- und Kulturwelt
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt war in Polen bereits im ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert berühmt geworden. Er reiste mehrmals nach Polen und unterhielt Kontakte zu polnischen oder polnischstämmigen Wissenschaftlern. Aus den 30er und 40er Jahren stammen die meisten schriftlichen Belege, die von Beziehungen Humboldts zu solchen Persönlichkeiten wie Ludwik Zejszner, Józef Waraszkiewicz oder Filip Neryusz Walter zeugen. Nicht nachweisbar ist heute dafür Humboldts Kontakt zu Wincenty Pol sowie zu Ignacy Domeyko. Humboldt inspiriert nicht nur polnische Wissenschaftler, sondern auch führende polnische Dichter der Romantik. Viele polnische Exilanten verdanken dem deutschen Gelehrten wertvolle Kontakte, Empfehlungsschreiben und Gesuche bei damaligen Machthabern.
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt had become famous in Poland already in the late 18th century. He travelled several times to Poland and maintained contact to Polish or Polish descendant scientists. From the 1830s and 1840s date most of the evidences of Humboldt‘s relationship to such personalities as Ludwik Zejszner, Józef Waraszkiewicz or Filip Neryusz Walter. Humboldt‘s contacts with Wincenty Pol and Ignacy Domeyko are unverifiable today. Humboldt inspired not only Polish scientists but also leading Polish poets of Romanticism. Many Polish expatriates are due to the German scholar for valuable contacts, letters of recommendation and requests to those in power at that time.
N2 - Alexander von Humboldt était célèbre en Pologne déjà à la fin du 18ème siècle. Il voyagea plusieurs fois en Pologne et était en contact avec des scientifiques polonais ou d‘origine polonaise. Des années 1830 et 1840 datent la plupart des documents écrits qui attestent des relations de Humboldt avec des personnalités telles que Ludwik Zejszner, Józef Waraszkiewicz ou Filip Neryusz Walter. En revanche, les contacts de Humboldt avec Wincenty Pol et Ignacy Domeyko ne peuvent pas être prouvés aujourd‘hui. Humboldt a inspiré non seulement des scientifiques polonais, mais aussi de grands poètes romantiques polonais. De nombreux exilés polonais doivent au savant allemand des contacts précieux, des lettres de recommandation et des requêtes aux hommes au pouvoir à cette époque.
KW - Polen
KW - Novemberaufstand
KW - polnische Wissenschaftler
KW - polnische Romantik
Y1 - 2017
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395750
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XVIII
IS - 34
SP - 16
EP - 28
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt und Carl Friedrich Gauß
BT - Im Roman und in Wirklichkeit
N2 - Daniel Kehlmanns Roman „Die Vermessung der Welt“ wird hoch gepriesen und streng kritisiert. Kehlmanns Kritiker lesen seine Satire als eine verfälschte Biographie von Gauss und Humboldt, obwohl der Autor wiederholt selbstironische Bemerkungen eingestreut hat, die sein wahres Ziel offenbaren. Der Aufsatz bemüht sich, Kehlmanns fiktiven Roman angemessen zu beurteilen und einige der wirklichen Aktivitäten und Errungenschaften von Gauss und Humboldt zu charakterisieren, indem Kehlmanns erzählte mit den historischen Tatsachen verglichen werden. Beide Wissenschaftler waren stark am Erdmagnetismus interessiert, was zeitweise zu einigen Spannungen zwischen ihnen führte. Humboldts Messmethoden und seine Überzeugung, dass alles Wechselwirkung ist, waren zwei Seiten derselben Medaille. Nur numerische Elemente konnten helfen, die Gesetze zu finden, die die Natur regieren. Humboldts wissenschaftliche Techniken und Ziele (Methode der Mittelwerte) waren gut begründet. Humboldts Reisen und Forschen bildeten eine untrennbare Einheit. Humboldts Naturbegriff schloss beide Möglichkeiten ein, das heißt die natura naturans und die natura naturata, die schaffende und herrschende Natur und die Natur, die von bestimmten Gesetzen beherrscht war. Sein überragendes Interesse an Naturgesetzen gründete auf der Überzeugung, dass sie ewig waren und dass sie die Ordnung und Ewigkeit der Welt garantierten.
N2 - Daniel Kehlmann‘s novel „The measuring of the world“ is highly praised and strongly criticized as well, Kehlmann‘s critics read his satire as a deteriorated biography of Gauss and Humboldt though the author repeatedly inserted self-ironical remarks that reveal his true aim. The paper tries to do justice to Kehlmann‘s fictional novel and to characterize some of Gauss‘s and Humboldt‘s real activities and achievements by comparing Kehlmann‘s narrative with historical facts. Both scientists were strongly interested in earth magnetism that temporarily led to some tensions between them. Humboldt‘s measuring methods and his conviction that everything is interaction were two sides of the same medal. Only numerical elements could help to find the laws ruling the world. Humboldt‘s scientific techniques and aims (method of mean values) were well founded. Humboldt‘s travelling and researching formed an unseparable unity. Humboldt‘s notion of nature implied both possibilities, that is natura naturans and natura naturata, the creative and governing nature and the nature governed by certain laws. His outstanding interest in natural laws
N2 - Le roman de Daniel Kehlmann „Le mesurage du monde“ est célébré et critiqué fortement en même temps. Les critiques de Kehlmann lisent sa satire comme une biographie détériorée de Gauss et de Humboldt quoique l’auteur ait inséré à maintes reprises des remarques autoironiques qui révèlent sa vraie fin. L’article s’efforce de juger justement le roman fictif de Kehlmann et de caractériser quelques-unes des activités et conquêtes réelles de Gauss et de Humboldt en comparant les faits racontés par Kehlmann avec les faits historiques. Les deux savants s’intéressaient beaucoup au magnétisme terrestre ce qui entraînait quelques désaccords pendant quelques années. Les méthodes humboldtiennes de mesurage et sa conviction que tout est interaction étaient deux côtés de la même médaille. Seulement des éléments numériques pouvaient aider de découvrir les lois de la nature. Les techniques scientifiques et les fins de Humboldt (la méthode des valeurs moyennes) étaient bien fondées. Ses voyages et ses recherches formaient une unité inséparable. La notion humboldtienne de nature incluait les deux possibilités, à savoir la natura naturans et la natura naturata, la nature créative et gouvernante et la nature gouvernée par certaines lois. Son intérêt extraordinaire aux lois de la nature était basé sur sa conviction qu’elles sont éternelles and qu’elles garantissent l’ordre et l’éternité du monde.
KW - Carl Friedrich Gauß
KW - Daniel Kehlmann
KW - Die Vermessung der Welt
KW - Schwerpunktthema „À propos Kehlmann“
Y1 - 2012
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62422
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XIII
IS - 25
SP - 63
EP - 79
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Korneffel, Peter
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt postfrisch
BT - die Rezeption des deutschen Naturforschers in der weltweiten Philatelie
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Seit 1950 erschienen weltweit über hundert Briefmarken mit Alexander von Humboldt und/oder seinen grafischen Arbeiten als Motive. Peter Korneffel verarbeitete die komplette Sammlung der Marken aus über 25 Ländern zu dem Buch Alexander von Humboldt. Weltmarken sowie zu mehreren philatelistischen Ausstellungen und Vorträgen. Der Festvortrag vom 5.9.2019 in Berlin zum offiziellen Erscheinen der Sonderbriefmarke 250. Geburtstag Alexander von Humboldt bildet die Grundlage zu diesem Beitrag. Die Motive, ihre Gestaltung, ihre thematische Kontextualisierung, sowie die Herausgeber und die Zeitpunkte des Erscheinens der jeweiligen Briefmarken dokumentieren eine teils zufällige und teils überraschende Humboldt-Rezeption. Recherchierte Hintergründe zu den Ausgaben und Illustrationen vertiefen hierin eine bislang weitestgehend unbekannte Rezeptionsgeschichte.
N2 - Desde 1950, han aparecido en todo el mundo más de 100 sellos con Alexander von Humboldt y/o sus obras gráficas como motivo. Peter Korneffel procesó la colección completa de sellos de más de 25 países en el libro Alexander von Humboldt. Weltmarken, así como para varias exposiciones filatélicas y conferencias. La conferencia conmemorativa del 5 de Septiembre 2019 en Berlín con motivo del lanzamiento oficial del sello de emisión especial 250 aniversario de Alexander von Humboldt. Los motivos, su diseño, su contextualización temática, así como los editores y las fechas de emisión de los respectivos sellos documentan una recepción de Humboldt en parte casual y en parte sorprendente. La información de fondo investigada sobre los temas y las ilustraciones proporcionan una mirada en profundidad a una historia hasta ahora muy desconocida de la recepción de Humboldt.
N2 - Since 1950, more than 100 stamps with Alexander von Humboldt and/or his graphic works as motifs have appeared worldwide. Peter Korneffel processed the complete collection of stamps from over 25 countries into the book Alexander von Humboldt. Weltmarken as well as for several philatelic exhibitions and lectures. The commemorative lecture on 5 September 2019 in Berlin on the occasion of the official release of the special issue stamp 250th Birthday of Alexander von Humboldt. The motifs, their design, their thematic contextualisation, as well as the publishers and the dates of issue of the respective stamps document a partly coincidental and partly surprising Humboldt reception. Researched background information on the issues and illustrations provide an in-depth look at a hitherto largely unknown history of Humboldt's reception.
KW - Philatelie
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589433
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XXIII
IS - 44
SP - 59
EP - 82
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Suckow, Christian
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt in Ust’-Kamenogorsk
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Auf seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise im Jahre 1829 berührte Alexander von Humboldt zweimal Ust’-Kamenogorsk (heute kasachisch Öskemen), die kleine Stadt am Irtyš, an der Südgrenze des Russischen Reiches. Christian Suckow beschreibt Humboldts kurzen, zweitägigen Aufenthalt an dem Ort, der Ausgangs- und Endpunkt der Exkursion zur Silbergrube Zyrjanovsk im südwestlichen Altai und nach Baty an die chinesische Grenze war.
KW - Russland-Reise
KW - Ust'-Kamenogorsk
Y1 - 2014
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84848
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XV
IS - 29
SP - 58
EP - 69
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ette, Ottmar
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt in Daniel Kehlmanns Welt
N2 - Wie stark sich im Verlauf des zurückliegenden Vierteljahrhunderts der Bekanntheitsgrad Alexander von Humboldts in der deutschsprachigen Öffentlichkeit verändert hat, zeigen nicht nur Fernsehumfragen zu den berühmtesten Deutschen, in denen Alexander von Humboldt mittlerweile figuriert, oder Fernsehserien, die über aktuelle Expeditionen berichten und auf Humboldts Namen zurückgreifen. Am deutlichsten vielleicht belegt dies der enorme Erfolg von Daniel Kehlmanns Roman Die Vermessung der Welt, der ohne die zuvor skizzierte Entwicklung nicht denkbar gewesen wäre. Es ist vor diesem Hintergrund nicht nur reizvoll, sondern aufschlußreich, sich mit dem großen Erfolg dieses kleinen Romans zu beschäftigen. Worum geht es in Die Vermessung der Welt? Und wie läßt sich das »Phänomen Kehlmann« aus etwas größerer Distanz erklären?
N2 - In the last 25 years, Alexander von Humboldt‘s popularity has radically changed in the german-speaking public opinion. Proof of this are not only television surveys about the most famous germans - in which Alexander von Humboldt now regularly figures - or television series about contemporary expeditions, which constantly refer to Humboldt‘s name; perhaps what most clearly verifies this change is the great success of Daniel Kehlmann‘s novel Die Vermessung der Welt. Without the recent developments outlined above, this novel‘s degree of impact would have been unimaginable. To study the great success of this text against this backdrop is not only attractive, but also revealing. What is Die Vermessung der Welt really about? And how can we explain the »Kehlmann phenomenon« from a greater distance?
N2 - La popularidad de Alejandro de Humboldt ha cambiado profundamente dentro del último cuarto de siglo en la opinión pública de habla alemana. Prueba de esto son no sólo las encuestas televisivas sobre los alemanes más famosos, dentro de las cuales figura en estos momentos Alejandro de Humboldt, o programas de televisión sobre expediciones actuales, en los que continuamente se retoma el nombre de Humboldt; quizás la comprobación más clara de este cambio es el éxito enorme de la novela Die Vermessung der Welt de Daniel Kehlmann. Éxito que sería impensable sin el proceso esbozado más arriba. Ante este trasfondo, estudiar el gran éxito de esta pequeña novela resulta no sólo atractivo, sino además revelador. ¿De qué se trata Die Vermessung der Welt? ¿Cómo se puede explicar el »fenómeno Kehlmann« desde una distancia relativamente mayor?
KW - Carl Friedrich Gauß
KW - Daniel Kehlmann
KW - Die Vermessung der Welt
KW - Schwerpunktthema „À propos Kehlmann“
Y1 - 2012
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62391
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XIII
IS - 25
SP - 34
EP - 40
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Ette, Ottmar
ED - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt im Archiv
BT - die Entstehung eines neuen Humboldt-Bildes aus dem mobilen Blick in vergangene Zukünfte
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Der Aufsatz erschließt die Anfänge, Ergebnisse und Erfolge der editionsphilologischen Arbeit im laufenden Projekt des BBAW-Langzeitvorhabens „Alexander von Humboldt auf Reisen – Wissenschaft aus der Bewegung“ und gibt einen Überblick über die Zukünfte philologischen Arbeitens mit den Methoden der Digital Humanities. Dabei werden auch bibliophile Druckausgaben digitaler Publikationen und die kontinuierliche Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Figur Alexander von Humboldts in den Blick genommen, was durch zahlreiche Vernetzungen zwischen Institutionen international gefördert und durch kontinuierliche Kooperationen insbesondere durch das neu gegründete Humboldt Center for Transdisciplinary Studies (HCTS) in China/Changsha erweitert wird. Diskutiert wird die wissenschaftliche Bedeutung der graphischen und visuellen Dimension des Humboldt’schen Archivs, die durch die digitale Aufbereitung des Materials Forscher:innen weltweit miteinander verbindet und neue Forschungskonzepte eröffnet.
N2 - The article opens up the beginnings, results and successes of the philological work on the digital scholarly editions in the current project of the BBAW long-term project “Travelling Humboldt – Science on the Move” and gives an overview of the future of philological methods within the Digital Humanities. It focuses also on bibliophilic print editions of digital publications and the ongoing public relations work of Alexander von Humboldt’s figure, which is promoted internationally through numerous networks between institutions and expanded through ongoing collaborations, especially through the newly founded Humboldt Center for Transdisciplinary Studies (HCTS) in China/Changsha. The article discusses the scientific significance of the graphic and visual dimension of Humboldt’s archive, which connects researchers worldwide through the digital realization of the material and gives rise to new research concepts.
N2 - El artículo expone los inicios, resultados y éxitos del trabajo filológico de edición en el proyecto actual de la BBAW “Humboldt Viajero – Ciencia en movimiento“. En ese contexto ofrece una visión general del futuro del trabajo filológico con los métodos de las Humanidades Digitales. También se prestará atención a las ediciones impresas bibliófilas de las publicaciones digitales y a las relaciones públicas de la figura de Alexander von Humboldt, que se promueve internacionalmente a través de numerosas redes entre instituciones y se amplía mediante colaboraciones continuas, especialmente a través del recién fundado Centro Humboldt de Estudios Transdisciplinarios (HCTS) en China/Changsha. Se debatirá la importancia académica de la dimensión gráfica y visual del archivo de Humboldt, que conecta a investigadores de todo el mundo a través del realización digital del material y abre nuevos conceptos de investigación.
KW - edition humboldt digital
KW - edition humboldt print
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-592326
SN - 2568-3543
SN - 1617-5239
VL - XXIII
IS - 45
SP - 13
EP - 28
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rott, Bärbel
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt brachte Guano nach Europa - mit ungeahnten globalen Folgen
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Die vorliegende Abhandlung beschäftigt sich mit einem bisher wenig beachteten Aspekt von Humboldts Amerikanischer Reise (1799─1804). Während seine Studien der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt bis heute große Aufmerksamkeit genießen, wird Humboldts Beitrag zu der Entwicklung der modernen Landwirtschaft wenig beachtet. Während seines Aufenthalts in Lima erhielt er Proben von Guano, Vogelmist von den Chincha-Inseln vor der peruanischen Küste. Einige Proben, die er von dieser Reise zurückbrachte, wurden von Wissenschaftlern in Frankreich und Deutschland untersucht. Die Analysenergebnisse zeigten außerordentlich hohe Gehalte an Pflanzennährstoffen, insbesondere Stickstoff und Phosphor. In den folgenden Jahrzehnten wurde Guano zu einem bedeutsamen Düngemittel und Auslöser eines Booms in Europa und Peru. Die Auswirkungen dieser Entwicklung sind bis heute sichtbar und werden hier unter besonderer Beachtung von Phosphor beschrieben.
N2 - One aspect of Humboldt’s travel to South America (1799─1804) received little attention. The fascination of his studies of the South American flora and fauna is unbroken to the present day. Yet Humboldt’s contribution to modern agriculture remains almost unnoticed. During his stay in Lima Humboldt received samples of guano, a mixture of bird droppings from the Chincha Islands off the Peruvian coast, which he took to Europe and had analyzed by the most famous chemists in France and Germany. The results showed outstanding fertilizing effects, in particular due to the high content of nitrogen and phosphorus. The ensuing boom starting from the 1840s influenced agriculture in Europe and the economy of Peru seriously. Some aspects of this historical development may give an idea of the ensuing change not only in agriculture.
N2 - Il y a un aspect du voyage de Alexander von Humboldt en Amérique du Sud (1799─1804) qui jusqu’à présent a été peu considéré. Ses études de la flore at le da faune de l’Amérique du Sud ont attiré une large attention du public. Or, son influence au développement de l´agriculture moderne est plutôt ignoré. Pendant son séjour à Lima, Humboldt reçut des échantillons de guano qui est composé des excréments d’oiseaux des Iles Chincha face à la côte du Pérou. Humboldt les faisait examiner par des scientifiques français et allemands. Les résultats des analyses montraient des teneurs extraordinaires de nutriments pour plantes, en particulier d´azote et de phosphore. Pendant les décennies suivantes le guano devenait une source indispensable comme fertilisant et a créé un boom en Europe et au Pérou. L’impact de ce développement qui est perceptible jusqu’à nos jours est décrit ci-dessous.
KW - Guano
KW - Düngung
KW - Landwirtschaft
KW - Globalisierung
Y1 - 2016
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90802
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XVII
IS - 32
SP - 84
EP - 111
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schwarz, Oliver
T1 - Alexander von Humboldt als astronomischer Arbeiter, Diskussionspartner und Ideengeber
JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2 - Auf welche Weise sich unsere Einschätzung des wissenschaftlichen Wirkens Alexander von Humboldts auf Grundlage der beständig voranschreitenden Erschließung seiner Handschriften verändern konnte und welche aktuellen wissenschaftshistorischen Fragestellungen dadurch aufgeworfen wurden, verdeutlicht Oliver Schwarz an Beispielen aus der Astronomie.
KW - Astronomie
Y1 - 2014
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84823
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - XV
IS - 29
SP - 36
EP - 47
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Puig-Samper, Miguel Ángel
A1 - Rebok, Sandra
T1 - Alejandro de Humboldt y España
BT - La preparación de su viaje americano y sus vínculos con la ciencia española
N2 - Este estudio ofrece una visión muy general de la estancia de Alexander von Humboldt en España en el primer semestre de 1799 así como de la preparación de su viaje americano durante ese espacio de tiempo. Gracias a diversos documentos que han podido ser localizados en el transcurso de un proyecto de investigación sobre este tema se han podido llenar unos vanos en la investigación humboldtiana. Se presentan los motivos por los que el prusiano, junto a su compañero de viaje francés Aimé Bonpland, emprendió el camino hacía la Península Ibérica, su itinerario y las actividades científicas llevadas a cabo por ellos. Además, se analiza el significado que para él tuvo su estancia en España, interpretado a partir de sus propios escritos, y se describe así mismo su colaboración con la comunidad científica de Madrid. Especial atención se ha puesto en detallar la preparación administrativa en Madrid de su expedición a América, así como los documentos creados y utilizados en este proceso. En el anexo se adjuntan dos documentos poco conocidos: la memoria entregada por Humboldt al rey Carlos IV y un pasaporte firmado por Mariano Luis de Urquijo.
N2 - Diese Studie bietet einen allgemeinen Überblick über den Aufenthalt Alexander von Humboldts in Spanien Anfang 1799 sowie dort durchgeführte Vorbereitung seiner Amerika-Expedition. Dank einiger Dokumente, die im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes über dieses Thema aufgefunden wurden, konnten diesbezügliche Lücken in der Humboldtforschung geschlossen werden. In diesem Beitrag werden die Motive angesprochen, die dazu führten, dass der Preuße zusammen mit seinem französischen Reisegefährten Aimé Bonpland auf die Iberische Halbinsel kam, desweiteren wird ihre Reiseroute skizziert sowie die unterdessen durchgeführten wissenschaftlichen Messungen. Zudem wird mit Hilfe von Humboldts eigenen Aufzeichnungen die Bedeutung thematisiert, die diese Spanienreise für ihn hatte und auf seine Zusammenarbeit mit den vor allem in Madrid ansässigen Wissenschaftlern eingegangen. Eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit erfährt die detaillierte Darstellung der administrativen Vorbereitung seiner Expedition in der spanischen Hauptstadt und die im Rahmen dieses Prozesses erstellten Dokumente. Im Anhang werden zwei dieser bislang wenig bekannten Dokumente gezeigt: Das von Humboldt verfasste und beim spanischen König Karl IV abgegebene Schriftstück zur Erläuterung seines Anliegens sowie ein von Mariano Luis de Urquijo unterzeichneter Reisepass.
KW - 1799
KW - Politik
KW - Reisepass
KW - Spanien
Y1 - 2007
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41696
SN - 1617-5239
SN - 2568-3543
VL - VIII
IS - 15
SP - 33
EP - 47
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Lemke, Tristan
T1 - Aktuelle Rechtsfragen des Ortsteilrechts in Brandenburg
T3 - KWI-Diskurs
N2 - Ortsteile als Untergliederungen der Gemeinden sind nicht nur für das Identitätsverständnis der lokalen Gemeinschaft bedeutsam, sondern auch für das Demokratieprinzip und die Verwirklichung der Ziele der Gebietsreform. Die Bildung von Ortsteilen unterliegt bestimmten gesetzlichen Voraussetzungen. Dabei sind drei verschiedene Ausgestaltungen möglich: Ortsteile ohne Vertretung, Ortsteile mit Ortsbeirat und Ortsvorsteher sowie Ortsteile mit isoliertem Ortsvorsteher. Die gewählte Form der Ortsteilvertretung hat Auswirkungen darauf, in welchem Umfang die örtliche Expertise in gemeindliche Entscheidungsprozesse einfließen kann und welche Entscheidungen vor Ort getroffen werden können. Dabei ist zwischen der Verpflichtung, die Ortsvertretung in bestimmten Konstellationen anzuhören, dem Antragsrecht der Ortsvertretung und der Entscheidungsbefugnis des Ortsbeirates zu differenzieren. Die Abgrenzung dieser organschaftlichen Rechte und ihr Umfang sind in der kommunalen Praxis konfliktträchtig. Für die Möglichkeiten der Ortsvertretungen, das lokale Zusammenleben zu gestalten, ist weiterhin das (mittlerweile) obligatorische Ortsteilbudget relevant, das Gegenstand der Reform der Kommunalverfassung im Juni 2021 war. Die Verwirklichung dieser materiellrechtlichen Positionen hängt von ihrer prozessualen Durchsetzbarkeit ab. In der Praxis rankt sich häufig Streit darum, ob Eingemeindungsverträge und die in ihnen getätigten Versprechen (noch) verbindlich sind. Diejenigen, die als Mitglieder des Ortsbeirates bzw. als Ortsvorsteher der örtlichen Gemeinschaft einen wichtigen und zeitintensiven Dienst erweisen, können eine angemessene Aufwandsentschädigung erhalten.
T3 - KWI-Diskurs - 1
KW - Ortsbeirat
KW - Ortsvorsteher
KW - Ortsteilbudget
KW - Eingemeindungsvertrag
KW - Kommunalverfassungsstreit
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-591891
SN - 2941-4830
N1 - Verfasser des Vorworts: Jochen Franzke
IS - 1
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reeg, Jette
A1 - Strigl, Lea
A1 - Jeltsch, Florian
T1 - Agricultural buffer zone thresholds to safeguard functional bee diversity
BT - Insights from a community modeling approach
JF - Ecology and Evolution
N2 - Wild bee species are important pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, population decline was reported over the last decades and is still ongoing. While agricultural intensification is a major driver of the rapid loss of pollinating species, transition zones between arable fields and forest or grassland patches, i.e., agricultural buffer zones, are frequently mentioned as suitable mitigation measures to support wild bee populations and other pollinator species. Despite the reported general positive effect, it remains unclear which amount of buffer zones is needed to ensure a sustainable and permanent impact for enhancing bee diversity and abundance. To address this question at a pollinator community level, we implemented a process-based, spatially explicit simulation model of functional bee diversity dynamics in an agricultural landscape. More specifically, we introduced a variable amount of agricultural buffer zones (ABZs) at the transition of arable to grassland, or arable to forest patches to analyze the impact on bee functional diversity and functional richness. We focused our study on solitary bees in a typical agricultural area in the Northeast of Germany. Our results showed positive effects with at least 25% of virtually implemented agricultural buffer zones. However, higher amounts of ABZs of at least 75% should be considered to ensure a sufficient increase in Shannon diversity and decrease in quasi-extinction risks. These high amounts of ABZs represent effective conservation measures to safeguard the stability of pollination services provided by solitary bee species. As the model structure can be easily adapted to other mobile species in agricultural landscapes, our community approach offers the chance to compare the effectiveness of conservation measures also for other pollinator communities in future.
KW - agricultural landscape
KW - buffer zones
KW - community model
KW - functional traits
KW - solitary bees
KW - spatially explicit
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8748
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 12
SP - 1
EP - 17
PB - Wiley Online Library
CY - Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
ET - 3
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schlomann, Anna
A1 - Bünning, Mareike
A1 - Hipp, Lena
A1 - Wahl, Hans-Werner
T1 - Aging during COVID-19 in Germany
BT - a longitudinal analysis of psychosocial adaptation
JF - European journal of ageing : social, behavioural and health perspectives
N2 - Existing theories of aging suggest that there may be similarities and differences in how COVID-19 impacts older people’s psychosocial adaptation compared to younger age groups, particularly middle-aged individuals. To assess the degree to which these impacts vary, we analyzed data from 3098 participants between the ages of 40 and 79 from an online survey in Germany. Data were collected at three measurement occasions between the start of the nationwide lockdown in mid-March 2020 and the end of the lockdown in early August 2020. The survey focused on everyday experiences during the COVID-19 crisis and collected various satisfaction ratings (e.g., general life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with social contacts). At baseline, participants also provided retrospective ratings of satisfaction for the period before the COVID-19 crisis. In our analyses, we compared satisfaction ratings of middle-aged (40–64 years) and older individuals (65–79 years) and found that both middle-aged and older participants experienced the greatest decreases in satisfaction with social contacts, with more pronounced decreases seen in middle-aged participants. A similar pattern was observed for general life satisfaction, but the overall decreases were less pronounced in both groups compared to the decreases in satisfaction with social contacts. We also observed a partial recovery effect in all measures at the last measurement occasion, and this effect was more pronounced in older adults. Findings were also confirmed using age as a continuous variable and checking for linear and nonlinear effects of outcomes across the age range. Although ageism arose during the pandemic in the sense that older adults were labeled as a “risk group,” particularly at the start of the outbreak, we found consistently with other studies that middle-aged adults’ satisfaction decreased to a greater extent than that of older adults.
KW - Coronavirus pandemic
KW - older adults
KW - satisfaction with life
KW - satisfaction with social relations
KW - age stereotypes
KW - longitudinal survey study
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1
SN - 1613-9372
SN - 1613-9380
VL - 19
IS - 4
SP - 1077
EP - 1086
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Nguyen, Huyen Evelyn
T1 - Agilität und Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung in der öffentlichen Verwaltung
T1 - Agility and leader-member-exchange in public administration
N2 - Zunehmend komplexe Herausforderungen und Aufgaben lassen sich nicht mehr mit den bisherigen Strukturen, Methoden und Prozessen der klassischen Verwaltung bewältigen. Vielmehr gewinnen Ansätze und Methoden des New Work im öffentlichen Sektor angesichts der sich stetig ändernden und dynamischen Arbeitswelt eine immer größere Bedeutung. Umso mehr besteht die Notwendigkeit, sich in der Verwaltung agil aufzustellen. Unter Agilität wird hierbei die Fähigkeit einer Organisation verstanden, sich schnell verändernden Rahmenbedingungen flexibel und dynamisch anzupassen.
Im Fokus dieser Arbeit steht der Einfluss von Agilität auf die Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung. Mittels einer halbstandardisierten Online-Befragung im Landesamt für Flüchtlingsangelegenheiten und im Bezirksamt Neukölln von Berlin wird zunächst der vorliegende Agilitätsgrad mit dem Fokus auf agile Organisationsstrukturen, agile Organisationskultur und agile Führung ermittelt und sodann anhand der Qualität der dyadischen Arbeitsbeziehung von Führungskraft und Mitarbeiter (LMX-Qualität) überprüft, inwiefern die agile Arbeitsweise im Vergleich zu einer nicht-agilen Arbeitsumgebung die Beziehung beeinflusst.
Im Ergebnis der Untersuchung zeigt sich, dass ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Agilität und der Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung besteht. Es stellt sich in beiden Ämtern ein mäßig bis starker Agilitätsgrad heraus, wobei besonders agile Führungseigenschaften zu den wesentlichen Faktoren zählen, die eine hochqualitative Beziehung begünstigen. Während im Bezirksamt ein Zusammenhang zwischen Agilität und hoher LMX-Qualität ermittelt wurde, konnte dieser nicht für die untersuchte Stichprobe des Landesamts festgestellt werden. Dennoch ließ sich in beiden Behörden ein positiver Einfluss von Agilität auf zumindest die Entwicklung einer erfolgreichen Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung erfassen.
N2 - Continuous complex challenges and tasks are no longer solvable with the classic structures and methods of public administration. Rather concepts of New Work are gaining importance due to the dynamic work environment in the public sector. This leads to the necessity of an agile transformation in public administration. Agility in organizations is understood to be the ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions in the work environment.
The following paper focuses on the influence of agility on the Leader-Member-Exchange (LMX). Using a semi-standard online poll, the degree of agility with an emphasis on agile organizational structures, agile organizational culture, and agile leadership is analyzed in the State Office for Refugees Affairs and District Office Neukölln of Berlin. Furthermore, relationships between leaders and subordinates in an agile environment and relationships in a non-agile environment are compared through the lens of the quality of Leader-Member-Exchange (LMX-Quality).
The results show a significant influence of agility on Leader-Member-Exchange. In both Offices a moderate to high degree of agility is found. Particularly, agile leadership characteristics encourage high-quality relationships. Whereas a correlation between agility and high LMX-Quality is identified in the District Office Neukölln, this result could not be observed in the State Office of Refugees Affairs. However, the influence of agility on at least the development of a positive and successful relationship is established in both Offices.
T3 - Schriftenreihe für Public und Nonprofit Management - 31
KW - Agilität
KW - Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung
KW - Öffentliche Verwaltung
KW - Leader-Member-Exchange
KW - Agile Leadership
KW - Public Administration
KW - Agility
KW - LMX-Theorie
KW - Agile Führung
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565831
SN - 2190-4561
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Blaschka, Birk-Matti
T1 - Aggredior ad ipsum crimen magiae
BT - Apuleius' Verteidigungsrede "De magia" im Lateinunterricht
T2 - Copia – Potsdamer Anregungen für den Lateinunterricht
N2 - "Aggredior ad ipsum crimen magiae." Mit diesen Worten leitet Apuleius die Widerlegung der gegen ihn gerichteten Anklage ein: Er soll die reiche Witwe Pudentilla durch Liebeszauber zu einer Heirat mit ihm veranlasst haben. Dagegen setzt er sich in seiner Verteidigungsrede "De magia" zur Wehr. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll diese spannende Rede Lateinschülern der gymnasialen Oberstufe durch ein Lektüreheft bekannt machen. Letzteres ist mit kompetenzorientierten Aufgaben und einem Erwartungshorizont versehen. Es wird ferner von der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit den in der Rede behandelten Themen flankiert. Das Heft soll den Schülern einerseits die argumentative Strategie der Rede und andererseits das antike Alltagsphänomen 'Magie' näherbringen. Dabei tauchen sie ein in die antiken Vorstellungen von Zauberei und versuchen zugleich die einstigen Vorwürfe der Ankläger zu rekonstruieren, die etwa die Suche nach bestimmten Fischarten, die Behandlung von Epilepsie oder gewisse nächtliche Rituale betreffen. Darüber hinaus fragen sie nach der Unterscheidung magischer von religiösen Praktiken und stellen dabei Bezüge zu ihrer eigenen Lebenswelt her.
T3 - Copia – Potsdamer Anregungen für den Lateinunterricht - 6
KW - Schülermaterial
KW - Lateinunterricht
KW - Magie
KW - Apuleius
KW - Lektüreheft
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-577425
SN - 2748-6621
IS - 6
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Menze, Inga
A1 - Müller, Patrick
A1 - Müller, Notger Germar
A1 - Schmicker, Marlen
T1 - Age-related cognitive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and associated mental health changes in Germans
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Restrictive means to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have not only imposed broad challenges on mental health but might also affect cognitive health. Here we asked how restriction-related changes influence cognitive performance and how age, perceived loneliness, depressiveness and affectedness by restrictions contribute to these effects. 51 Germans completed three assessments of an online based study during the first lockdown in Germany (April 2020), a month later, and during the beginning of the second lockdown (November 2020). Participants completed nine online cognitive tasks of the MyBrainTraining and online questionnaires about their perceived strain and impact on lifestyle factors by the situation (affectedness), perceived loneliness, depressiveness as well as subjective cognitive performance. The results suggested a possible negative impact of depressiveness and affectedness on objective cognitive performance within the course of the lockdown. The younger the participants, the more pronounced these effects were. Loneliness and depressiveness moreover contributed to a worse evaluation of subjective cognition. In addition, especially younger individuals reported increased distress. As important educational and social input has partly been scarce during this pandemic and mental health problems have increased, future research should also assess cognitive long-term consequences.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11283-9
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 12
IS - 1
PB - Nature portfolio
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zuhr, Alexandra M.
A1 - Dolman, Andrew M.
A1 - Ho, Sze Ling
A1 - Groeneveld, Jeroen
A1 - Loewemark, Ludvig
A1 - Grotheer, Hendrik
A1 - Su, Chih-Chieh
A1 - Laepple, Thomas
T1 - Age-heterogeneity in marine sediments revealed by three-dimensional high-resolution radiocarbon measurements
JF - Frontiers in Earth Science
N2 - Marine sedimentary archives are routinely used to reconstruct past environmental changes. In many cases, bioturbation and sedimentary mixing affect the proxy time-series and the age-depth relationship. While idealized models of bioturbation exist, they usually assume homogeneous mixing, thus that a single sample is representative for the sediment layer it is sampled from.
However, it is largely unknown to which extent this assumption holds for sediments used for paleoclimate reconstructions.
To shed light on
1) the age-depth relationship and its full uncertainty,
2) the magnitude of mixing processes affecting the downcore proxy variations, and
3) the representativity of the discrete sample for the sediment layer, we designed and performed a case study on South China Sea sediment material which was collected using a box corer and which covers the last glacial cycle.
Using the radiocarbon content of foraminiferal tests as a tracer of time, we characterize the spatial age-heterogeneity of sediments in a three-dimensional setup. In total, 118 radiocarbon measurements were performed on defined small- and large-volume bulk samples ( similar to 200 specimens each) to investigate the horizontal heterogeneity of the sediment. Additionally, replicated measurements on small numbers of specimens (10 x 5 specimens) were performed to assess the heterogeneity within a sample volume. Visual assessment of X-ray images and a quantitative assessment of the mixing strength show typical mixing from bioturbation corresponding to around 10 cm mixing depth.
Notably, our 3D radiocarbon distribution reveals that the horizontal heterogeneity (up to 1,250 years), contributing to the age uncertainty, is several times larger than the typically assumed radiocarbon based age-model error (single errors up to 250 years). Furthermore, the assumption of a perfectly bioturbated layer with no mixing underneath is not met.
Our analysis further demonstrates that the age-heterogeneity might be a function of sample size; smaller samples might contain single features from the incomplete mixing and are thus less representative than larger samples.
We provide suggestions for future studies, optimal sampling strategies for quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions and realistic uncertainty in age models, as well as discuss possible implications for the interpretation of paleoclimate records.
KW - paleoceanography
KW - radiocarbon
KW - age-heterogeneity
KW - marine sediments
KW - planktonic foraminifera
KW - bioturbation
KW - agemodeling
KW - South China Sea
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.871902
SN - 2296-6463
VL - 10
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fühner, Thea Heidi
A1 - Granacher, Urs
A1 - Golle, Kathleen
A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1 - Age and sex effects in physical fitness components of 108,295 third graders including 515 primary schools and 9 cohorts
JF - Scientific Reports
N2 - Children’s physical fitness development and related moderating effects of age and sex are well documented, especially boys’ and girls’ divergence during puberty. The situation might be different during prepuberty. As girls mature approximately two years earlier than boys, we tested a possible convergence of performance with five tests representing four components of physical fitness in a large sample of 108,295 eight-year old third-graders. Within this single prepubertal year of life and irrespective of the test, performance increased linearly with chronological age, and boys outperformed girls to a larger extent in tests requiring muscle mass for successful performance. Tests differed in the magnitude of age effects (gains), but there was no evidence for an interaction between age and sex. Moreover, “physical fitness” of schools correlated at r = 0.48 with their age effect which might imply that "fit schools” promote larger gains; expected secular trends from 2011 to 2019 were replicated.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97000-4
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Nature Portfolio
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Odongo, Grace Akinyi
A1 - Schlotz, Nina
A1 - Baldermann, Susanne
A1 - Neugart, Susanne
A1 - Huyskens-Keil, Susanne
A1 - Ngwene, Benard
A1 - Trierweiler, Bernhard
A1 - Schreiner, Monika
A1 - Lamy, Evelyn
T1 - African Nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.)
BT - Impact of Cultivation and Plant Processing on Its Health Promoting Potential as Determined in a Human Liver Cell Model
JF - Nutrients
N2 - Plant cultivation and processing may impact nutrient and phytochemical content of vegetables. The present study aimed at determining the influence of cultivation and processing on the health promoting capacity of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) leaves, an indigenous vegetable, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Anti-genotoxicity against the human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB(1)) as determined by the comet assay and radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated in human derived liver (HepG2) cells. ROS scavenging activity was assessed using electron paramagnetic spin resonance and quantification of ARE/Nrf2 mediated gene expression. The cultivation was done under different environmental conditions. The processing included fermentation and cooking; postharvest ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment was also investigated. Overall, S. scabrum extracts showed strong health promoting potential, the highest potential was observed with the fermented extract, which showed a 60% reduction of AFB(1) induced DNA damage and a 38% reduction in FeSO4 induced oxidative stress. The content of total polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls was indeed affected by cultivation and processing. Based on the present in vitro findings consumption of S. scabrum leaves could be further encouraged, preferentially after cooking or fermentation of the plant.
KW - aflatoxin B1
KW - African indigenous vegetables
KW - anti-genotoxicity
KW - anti-oxidant activity
KW - cancer chemoprevention
KW - Solanaceae
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101532
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 10
IS - 10
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ramachandran, Srikanthan
A1 - Rupakheti, Maheswar
A1 - Lawrence, Mark
T1 - Aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate decreases over South and East Asia as a result of changing content and composition
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Aerosol emissions from human activities are extensive and changing rapidly over Asia. Model simulations and satellite observations indicate a dipole pattern in aerosol emissions and loading between South Asia and East Asia, two of the most heavily polluted regions of the world. We examine the previously unexplored diverging trends in the existing dipole pattern of aerosols between East and South Asia using the high quality, two-decade long ground-based time series of observations of aerosol properties from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), from satellites (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)), and from model simulations (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). The data cover the period since 2001 for Kanpur (South Asia) and Beijing (East Asia), two locations taken as being broadly representative of the respective regions. Since 2010 a dipole in aerosol optical depth (AOD) is maintained, but the trend is reversed-the decrease in AOD over Beijing (East Asia) is rapid since 2010, being 17% less in current decade compared to first decade of twenty-first century, while the AOD over South Asia increased by 12% during the same period. Furthermore, we find that the aerosol composition is also changing over time. The single scattering albedo (SSA), a measure of aerosol's absorption capacity and related to aerosol composition, is slightly higher over Beijing than Kanpur, and has increased from 0.91 in 2002 to 0.93 in 2017 over Beijing and from 0.89 to 0.92 during the same period over Kanpur, confirming that aerosols in this region have on an average become more scattering in nature. These changes have led to a notable decrease in aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate (HR) over both regions between the two decades, decreasing considerably more over East Asia (- 31%) than over South Asia (- 9%). The annual mean HR is lower now, it is still large (>= 0.6 K per day), which has significant climate implications. The seasonal trends in AOD, SSA and HR are more pronounced than their respective annual trends over both regions. The seasonal trends are caused mainly by the increase/decrease in anthropogenic aerosol emissions (sulfate, black carbon and organic carbon) while the natural aerosols (dust and sea salt) did not change significantly over South and East Asia during the last two decades. The MERRA-2 model is able to simulate the observed trends in AODs well but not the magnitude, while it also did not simulate the SSA values or trends well. These robust findings based on observations of key aerosol parameters and previously unrecognized diverging trends over South and East Asia need to be accounted for in current state-of-the-art climate models to ensure accurate quantification of the complex and evolving impact of aerosols on the regional climate over Asia.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76936-z
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
IS - 1
PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
CY - [London]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Weng, Wei
A1 - Lüdeke, Matthias K. B.
A1 - Zemp, Delphine Clara
A1 - Lakes, Tobia
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen
T1 - Aerial and surface rivers
BT - downwind impacts on water availability from land use changes in Amazonia
JF - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS
N2 - The abundant evapotranspiration provided by the Amazon forests is an important component of the hydrological cycle, both regionally and globally. Since the last century, deforestation and expanding agricultural activities have been changing the ecosystem and its provision of moisture to the atmosphere. However, it remains uncertain how the ongoing land use change will influence rainfall, runoff, and water availability as findings from previous studies differ. Using moisture tracking experiments based on observational data, we provide a spatially detailed analysis recognizing potential teleconnection between source and sink regions of atmospheric moisture. We apply land use scenarios in upwind moisture sources and quantify the corresponding rainfall and runoff changes in downwind moisture sinks. We find spatially varying responses of water regimes to land use changes, which may explain the diverse results from previous studies. Parts of the Peruvian Amazon and western Bolivia are identified as the sink areas most sensitive to land use change in the Amazon and we highlight the current water stress by Amazonian land use change on these areas in terms of the water availability. Furthermore, we also identify the influential source areas where land use change may considerably reduce a given target sink's water reception (from our example of the Ucayali River basin outlet, rainfall by 5–12 % and runoff by 19–50 % according to scenarios). Sensitive sinks and influential sources are therefore suggested as hotspots for achieving sustainable land–water management.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-911-2018
SN - 1027-5606
SN - 1607-7938
VL - 22
IS - 1
SP - 911
EP - 927
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Brieger, Frederic
A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike
A1 - Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna
A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo
A1 - Zakharov, Evgenii S.
A1 - Kruse, Stefan
T1 - Advances in the Derivation of Northeast Siberian Forest Metrics Using High-Resolution UAV-Based Photogrammetric Point Clouds
JF - Remote sensing
N2 - Forest structure is a crucial component in the assessment of whether a forest is likely to act as a carbon sink under changing climate. Detailed 3D structural information about the tundra–taiga ecotone of Siberia is mostly missing and still underrepresented in current research due to the remoteness and restricted accessibility. Field based, high-resolution remote sensing can provide important knowledge for the understanding of vegetation properties and dynamics. In this study, we test the applicability of consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for rapid calculation of stand metrics in treeline forests. We reconstructed high-resolution photogrammetric point clouds and derived canopy height models for 10 study sites from NE Chukotka and SW Yakutia. Subsequently, we detected individual tree tops using a variable-window size local maximum filter and applied a marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the delineation of tree crowns. With this, we successfully detected 67.1% of the validation individuals. Simple linear regressions of observed and detected metrics show a better correlation (R2) and lower relative root mean square percentage error (RMSE%) for tree heights (mean R2 = 0.77, mean RMSE% = 18.46%) than for crown diameters (mean R2 = 0.46, mean RMSE% = 24.9%). The comparison between detected and observed tree height distributions revealed that our tree detection method was unable to representatively identify trees <2 m. Our results show that plot sizes for vegetation surveys in the tundra–taiga ecotone should be adapted to the forest structure and have a radius of >15–20 m to capture homogeneous and representative forest stands. Additionally, we identify sources of omission and commission errors and give recommendations for their mitigation. In summary, the efficiency of the used method depends on the complexity of the forest’s stand structure.
KW - UAV
KW - photogrammetry
KW - remote sensing
KW - structure from motion
KW - tundra-taiga ecotone
KW - point cloud
KW - forest structure
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121447
SN - 2072-4292
VL - 11
IS - 12
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Randall, Matthew J.
A1 - Jüngel, Astrid
A1 - Rimann, Markus
A1 - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin
T1 - Advances in the biofabrication of 3D Skin in vitro
BT - healthy and pathological models
JF - Frontiers in Bioengineeringand Biotechnology
N2 - The relevance for in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture of skin has been present for almost a century. From using skin biopsies in organ culture, to vascularized organotypic full-thickness reconstructed human skin equivalents, in vitro tissue regeneration of 3D skin has reached a golden era. However, the reconstruction of 3D skin still has room to grow and develop. The need for reproducible methodology, physiological structures and tissue architecture, and perfusable vasculature are only recently becoming a reality, though the addition of more complex structures such as glands and tactile corpuscles require advanced technologies. In this review, we will discuss the current methodology for biofabrication of 3D skin models and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the existing systems as well as emphasize how new techniques can aid in the production of a truly physiologically relevant skin construct for preclinical innovation.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00154
SN - 2296-4185
VL - 6
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Basler, Georg
A1 - Fernie, Alisdair R.
A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran
T1 - Advances in metabolic flux analysis toward genome-scale profiling of higher organisms
JF - Bioscience reports : communications and reviews in molecular and cellular biology
N2 - Methodological and technological advances have recently paved the way for metabolic flux profiling in higher organisms, like plants. However, in comparison with omics technologies, flux profiling has yet to provide comprehensive differential flux maps at a genome-scale and in different cell types, tissues, and organs. Here we highlight the recent advances in technologies to gather metabolic labeling patterns and flux profiling approaches. We provide an opinion of how recent local flux profiling approaches can be used in conjunction with the constraint-based modeling framework to arrive at genome-scale flux maps. In addition, we point at approaches which use metabolomics data without introduction of label to predict either non-steady state fluxes in a time-series experiment or flux changes in different experimental scenarios. The combination of these developments allows an experimentally feasible approach for flux-based large-scale systems biology studies.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170224
SN - 0144-8463
SN - 1573-4935
VL - 38
PB - Portland Press (London)
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schlappa, Stephanie
A1 - Bressel, Lena
A1 - Reich, Oliver
A1 - Münzberg, Marvin
T1 - Advanced particle size analysis in high-solid-content polymer dispersions using photon density wave spectroscopy
JF - Polymers
N2 - High-solid-content polystyrene and polyvinyl acetate dispersions of polymer particles with a 50 nm to 500 nm mean particle diameter and 12-55% (w/w) solid content have been produced via emulsion polymerization and characterized regarding their optical and physical properties. Both systems have been analyzed with common particle-size-measuring techniques like dynamic light scattering (DLS) and static light scattering (SLS) and compared to inline particle size distribution (PSD) measurements via photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy in undiluted samples. It is shown that particle size measurements of undiluted polystyrene dispersions are in good agreement between analysis methods. However, for polyvinyl acetate particles, size determination is challenging due to bound water in the produced polymer. For the first time, water-swelling factors were determined via an iterative approach of PDW spectroscopy error (X-2) minimization. It is shown that water-swollen particles can be analyzed in high-solid-content solutions and their physical properties can be assumed to determine the refractive index, density, and volume fraction in dispersion. It was found that assumed water swelling improved the reduced scattering coefficient fit by PDW spectroscopy by up to ten times and particle size determination was refined and enabled. Particle size analysis of the water-swollen particles agreed well with offline-based state-of-the-art techniques.
KW - emulsion polymerization
KW - multiple light scattering
KW - photon density wave
KW - spectroscopy
KW - particle sizing
KW - swelling of polymers
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15153181
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 15
IS - 15
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Robin, Koger
A1 - Katharina, Syböck
A1 - Emily, Weinelt
A1 - Beda, Hartmann
A1 - Kirchengast, Sylvia
ED - Scheffler, Christiane
ED - Koziel, Slawomir
ED - Hermanussen, Michael
ED - Bogin, Barry
T1 - Advanced maternal age and nicotine consumption during pregnancy
BT - Additive effects on new-born parameters
T2 - Human Biology and Public Health
N2 - Background
Nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age are well known independent risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome and therefore serious public health problems.
Objectives
Considering the ongoing trend of delaying childbirth in our society, this study investigates potential additive effects of nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age on foetal growth.
Sample and Methods
In a medical record-based study, we analysed the impact of maternal age and smoking behaviour before and during pregnancy on newborn size among 4142 singleton births that took place in Vienna, Austria between 1990 and 1995.
Results
Birth weight (H=82.176, p<0.001), birth length (H=91.525, p<0.001) and head circumference (H=42.097, p<0.001) differed significantly according to maternal smoking behaviour. For birth weight, the adjusted mean differences between smokers and non-smokers increased from 101.8g for the < 18-year-old mothers to 254.8g for >35 year olds, with the respective values for birth length being 0.6 cm to 0.7cm, for head circumference from 0.3 cm to 0.6 cm.
Conclusion
Increasing maternal age amplified the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on newborn parameters. Our findings identify older smoking mothers as a high-risk group which should be of special interest for public health systems.
KW - advanced maternal age at first birth
KW - maternal nicotine consumption
KW - foetal growth
KW - newborn size
KW - birthweight
KW - smoking
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.52905/hbph.v1.6
SN - 2748-9957
VL - 2021
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 19
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Taubert, Andreas
A1 - Leroux, Fabrice
A1 - Rabu, Pierre
A1 - de Zea Bermudez, Veronica
T1 - Advanced hybrid nanomaterials
JF - Beilstein journal of nanotechnology
KW - colloidal chemistry
KW - environmental remediation
KW - hybrid nanomaterials
KW - nanocomposite
KW - nanofillers
KW - nanomedicine
KW - nanostructures
KW - polymer fillers
KW - pore templating
KW - smart materials
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.247
SN - 2190-4286
VL - 10
SP - 2563
EP - 2567
PB - Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Birukov, Anna
A1 - Cuadrat, Rafael R. C.
A1 - Polemiti, Elli
A1 - Eichelmann, Fabian
A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
T1 - Advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, associate with vascular stiffness in diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycemic individuals
BT - a cross-sectional study
JF - Cardiovascular diabetology
N2 - Background Advanced glycation end-products are proteins that become glycated after contact with sugars and are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. We aimed to investigate the relationships between advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, and vascular stiffness in various glycemic strata. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, comprising n = 3535 participants (median age 67 years, 60% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader (TM), vascular stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index with Vascular Explorer (TM). A subset of 1348 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were sub-phenotyped into normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes groups. Associations between skin autofluorescence and various indices of vascular stiffness were assessed by multivariable regression analyses and were adjusted for age, sex, measures of adiposity and lifestyle, blood pressure, prevalent conditions, medication use and blood biomarkers. Results Skin autofluorescence associated with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index, adjusted beta coefficients (95% CI) per unit skin autofluorescence increase: 0.38 (0.21; 0.55) for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, 0.25 (0.14; 0.37) for aortic pulse wave velocity, 1.00 (0.29; 1.70) for aortic augmentation index, 4.12 (2.24; 6.00) for brachial augmentation index and - 0.04 (- 0.05; - 0.02) for ankle-brachial index. The associations were strongest in men, younger individuals and were consistent across all glycemic strata: for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity 0.36 (0.12; 0.60) in normoglycemic, 0.33 (- 0.01; 0.67) in prediabetes and 0.45 (0.09; 0.80) in diabetes groups; with similar estimates for aortic pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index was associated with skin autofluorescence only in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. Ankle-brachial index inversely associated with skin autofluorescence across all sex, age and glycemic strata. Conclusions Our findings indicate that advanced glycation end-products measured as skin autofluorescence might be involved in vascular stiffening independent of age and other cardiometabolic risk factors not only in individuals with diabetes but also in normoglycemic and prediabetic conditions. Skin autofluorescence might prove as a rapid and non-invasive method for assessment of macrovascular disease progression across all glycemic strata.
KW - Advanced glycation end-products
KW - AGE
KW - Ankle-brachial index
KW - Augmentation
KW - index
KW - Prediabetes
KW - Glycemia
KW - Pulse wave velocity
KW - Skin
KW - autofluorescence
KW - Vascular stiffness
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01296-5
SN - 1475-2840
VL - 20
IS - 1
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Poltrock, Silvana
A1 - Chen, Hui
A1 - Kwok, Celia
A1 - Cheung, Hintat
A1 - Nazzi, Thierry
T1 - Adult learning of novel words in a non-native language
BT - Consonants, Vowels, and Tones
JF - Frontiers in psychology
KW - word learning
KW - minimal pairs
KW - non-native speech perception
KW - tones
KW - adults
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01211
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Neumann, Daniel
A1 - Tiberius, Victor
A1 - Biendarra, Florin
T1 - Adopting wearables to customize health insurance contributions
BT - a ranking-type Delphi
JF - BMC medical informatics and decision making
N2 - Background
Wearables, as small portable computer systems worn on the body, can track user fitness and health data, which can be used to customize health insurance contributions individually. In particular, insured individuals with a healthy lifestyle can receive a reduction of their contributions to be paid. However, this potential is hardly used in practice.
Objective
This study aims to identify which barrier factors impede the usage of wearables for assessing individual risk scores for health insurances, despite its technological feasibility, and to rank these barriers according to their relevance.
Methods
To reach these goals, we conduct a ranking-type Delphi study with the following three stages. First, we collected possible barrier factors from a panel of 16 experts and consolidated them to a list of 11 barrier categories. Second, the panel was asked to rank them regarding their relevance. Third, to enhance the panel consensus, the ranking was revealed to the experts, who were then asked to re-rank the barriers.
Results
The results suggest that regulation is the most important barrier. Other relevant barriers are false or inaccurate measurements and application errors caused by the users. Additionally, insurers could lack the required technological competence to use the wearable data appropriately.
Conclusion
A wider use of wearables and health apps could be achieved through regulatory modifications, especially regarding privacy issues. Even after assuring stricter regulations, users’ privacy concerns could partly remain, if the data exchange between wearables manufacturers, health app providers, and health insurers does not become more transparent.
KW - Delphi study
KW - Health insurance
KW - Wearable electronic device
KW - Wearable technology
KW - Internet of Things
KW - Barriers
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01851-4
SN - 1472-6947
VL - 22
SP - 1
EP - 7
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wright, Michelle F.
A1 - Wachs, Sebastian
A1 - Huang, Zheng
T1 - Adolescents’ Popularity-Motivated Aggression and Prosocial Behaviors: The Roles of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Social Status Insecurity
JF - Frontiers in Psychology
N2 - As competition over peer status becomes intense during adolescence, some adolescents develop insecure feelings regarding their social standing among their peers (i.e., social status insecurity). These adolescents sometimes use aggression to defend or promote their status. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among social status insecurity, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and popularity-motivated aggression and prosocial behaviors among adolescents, while controlling for gender. Another purpose was to examine the potential moderating role of CU traits in these relationships. Participants were 1,047 (49.2% girls; Mage = 12.44 years; age range from 11 to 14 years) in the 7th or 8th grades from a large Midwestern city. They completed questionnaires on social status insecurity, CU traits, and popularity-motivated relational aggression, physical aggression, cyberaggression, and prosocial behaviors. A structural regression model was conducted, with gender as a covariate. The model had adequate fit. Social status insecurity was associated positively with callousness, unemotional, and popularity-motivated aggression and related negatively to popularity-motivated prosocial behaviors. High social status insecurity was related to greater popularity-motivated aggression when adolescents had high callousness traits. The findings have implications for understanding the individual characteristics associated with social status insecurity.
KW - social status insecurity
KW - callousness
KW - unemotional
KW - uncaring
KW - callous-unemotional traits
KW - aggression
KW - cyberaggression
KW - prosocial
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606865
SN - 1664-1078
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Foong, Adrian
A1 - Pradhan, Prajal
A1 - Frör, Oliver
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen P.
T1 - Adjusting agricultural emissions for trade matters for climate change mitigation
JF - Nature Communications
N2 - Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in food systems is becoming more challenging as food is increasingly consumed away from producer regions, highlighting the need to consider emissions embodied in trade in agricultural emissions accounting.
To address this, our study explores recent trends in trade-adjusted agricultural emissions of food items at the global, regional, and national levels.
We find that emissions are largely dependent on a country’s consumption patterns and their agricultural emission intensities relative to their trading partners’.
The absolute differences between the production-based and trade-adjusted emissions accounting approaches are especially apparent for major agricultural exporters and importers and where large shares of emission-intensive items such as ruminant meat, milk products and rice are involved.
In relative terms, some low-income and emerging and developing economies with consumption of high emission intensity food products show large differences between approaches.
Similar trends are also found under various specifications that account for trade and re-exports differently.
These findings could serve as an important element towards constructing national emissions reduction targets that consider trading partners, leading to more effective emissions reductions overall.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30607-x
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 13
IS - 1
PB - Nature Publishing Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Smirnov, Artem G.
A1 - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1 - Daly, Patrick W.
A1 - Aseev, Nikita
A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y.
A1 - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1 - Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
N2 - The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.
KW - L-Asterisk
KW - magnetosphere
KW - electrons
KW - model
Y1 - 2019
VL - 125
IS - 2
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Heinz, Andreas
A1 - Kiefer, Falk
A1 - Smolka, Michael N.
A1 - Endrass, Tanja
A1 - Beste, Christian
A1 - Beck, Anne
A1 - Liu, Shuyan
A1 - Genauck, Alexander
A1 - Romund, Lydia
A1 - Rapp, Michael A.
A1 - Tost, Heike
A1 - Spanagel, Rainer
T1 - Addiction research consortium: losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) - from trajectories to mechanisms and interventions
JF - Addiction Biology
N2 - One of the major risk factors for global death and disability is alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. While there is increasing knowledge with respect to individual factors promoting the initiation and maintenance of substance use disorders (SUDs), disease trajectories involved in losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) are still not well described. Our newly formed German Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) on ReCoDe has an interdisciplinary approach funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) with a 12-year perspective. The main goals of our research consortium are (i) to identify triggers and modifying factors that longitudinally modulate the trajectories of losing and regaining control over drug consumption in real life, (ii) to study underlying behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological mechanisms, and (iii) to implicate mechanism-based interventions. These goals will be achieved by: (i) using mobile health (m-health) tools to longitudinally monitor the effects of triggers (drug cues, stressors, and priming doses) and modify factors (eg, age, gender, physical activity, and cognitive control) on drug consumption patterns in real-life conditions and in animal models of addiction; (ii) the identification and computational modeling of key mechanisms mediating the effects of such triggers and modifying factors on goal-directed, habitual, and compulsive aspects of behavior from human studies and animal models; and (iii) developing and testing interventions that specifically target the underlying mechanisms for regaining control over drug intake.
KW - addiction
KW - alternative rewards
KW - animal and computational models
KW - cognitive-behavioral control
KW - craving and relapse
KW - habit formation
Y1 - 2019
VL - 25
IS - 2
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Radchuk, Viktoriia
A1 - Reed, Thomas
A1 - Teplitsky, Celine
A1 - van de Pol, Martijn
A1 - Charmantier, Anne
A1 - Hassall, Christopher
A1 - Adamik, Peter
A1 - Adriaensen, Frank
A1 - Ahola, Markus P.
A1 - Arcese, Peter
A1 - Miguel Aviles, Jesus
A1 - Balbontin, Javier
A1 - Berg, Karl S.
A1 - Borras, Antoni
A1 - Burthe, Sarah
A1 - Clobert, Jean
A1 - Dehnhard, Nina
A1 - de Lope, Florentino
A1 - Dhondt, Andre A.
A1 - Dingemanse, Niels J.
A1 - Doi, Hideyuki
A1 - Eeva, Tapio
A1 - Fickel, Jörns
A1 - Filella, Iolanda
A1 - Fossoy, Frode
A1 - Goodenough, Anne E.
A1 - Hall, Stephen J. G.
A1 - Hansson, Bengt
A1 - Harris, Michael
A1 - Hasselquist, Dennis
A1 - Hickler, Thomas
A1 - Jasmin Radha, Jasmin
A1 - Kharouba, Heather
A1 - Gabriel Martinez, Juan
A1 - Mihoub, Jean-Baptiste
A1 - Mills, James A.
A1 - Molina-Morales, Mercedes
A1 - Moksnes, Arne
A1 - Ozgul, Arpat
A1 - Parejo, Deseada
A1 - Pilard, Philippe
A1 - Poisbleau, Maud
A1 - Rousset, Francois
A1 - Rödel, Mark-Oliver
A1 - Scott, David
A1 - Carlos Senar, Juan
A1 - Stefanescu, Constanti
A1 - Stokke, Bard G.
A1 - Kusano, Tamotsu
A1 - Tarka, Maja
A1 - Tarwater, Corey E.
A1 - Thonicke, Kirsten
A1 - Thorley, Jack
A1 - Wilting, Andreas
A1 - Tryjanowski, Piotr
A1 - Merila, Juha
A1 - Sheldon, Ben C.
A1 - Moller, Anders Pape
A1 - Matthysen, Erik
A1 - Janzen, Fredric
A1 - Dobson, F. Stephen
A1 - Visser, Marcel E.
A1 - Beissinger, Steven R.
A1 - Courtiol, Alexandre
A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
T1 - Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient
JF - Nature Communications
N2 - Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10924-4
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 10
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schaefer, Laura
A1 - Dech, Silas
A1 - Bittmann, Frank
T1 - Adaptive force and emotionally related imaginations
BT - Preliminary results suggest a reduction of the maximal holding capacity as reaction to disgusting food imagination
JF - Heliyon
N2 - The link between emotions and motor control has been discussed for years. The measurement of the Adaptive Force (AF) provides the possibility to get insights into the adaptive control of the neuromuscular system in reaction to external forces. It was hypothesized that the holding isometric AF is especially vulnerable to disturbing inputs. Here, the behavior of the AF under the influence of positive (tasty) vs. negative (disgusting) food imaginations was investigated. The AF was examined in n = 12 cases using an objectified manual muscle test of the hip flexors, elbow flexors or pectoralis major muscle, performed by one of two experienced testers while the participants imagined their most tasty or most disgusting food. The reaction force and the limb position were measured by a handheld device. While the slope of force rises and the maximal AF did not differ significantly between tasty and disgusting imaginations (p > 0.05), the maximal isometric AF was significantly lower and the AF at the onset of oscillations was significantly higher under disgusting vs. tasty imaginations (both p = 0.001). A proper length tension control of muscles seems to be a crucial functional parameter of the neuromuscular system which can be impaired instantaneously by emotionally related negative imaginations. This might be a potential approach to evaluate somatic reactions to emotions.
KW - Adaptive Force
KW - Isometric Adaptive Force
KW - Holding capacity
KW - Holding
KW - isometric muscle action
KW - Imaginations
KW - Emotions
KW - Motor control
KW - Functional weakness
KW - Manual muscle test
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07827
SN - 2405-8440
VL - 7
IS - 8
PB - Elsevier
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Romero-Mujalli, Daniel
A1 - Rochow, Markus
A1 - Kahl, Sandra M.
A1 - Paraskevopoulou, Sofia
A1 - Folkertsma, Remco
A1 - Jeltsch, Florian
A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1 - Adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity in changing environments: Implications for sexual species with different life history strategies
JF - Ecology and Evolution
N2 - Populations adapt to novel environmental conditions by genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity. Plastic responses are generally faster and can buffer fitness losses under variable conditions. Plasticity is typically modeled as random noise and linear reaction norms that assume simple one-to- one genotype–phenotype maps and no limits to the phenotypic response. Most studies on plasticity have focused on its effect on population viability. However, it is not clear, whether the advantage of plasticity depends solely on environmental fluctuations or also on the genetic and demographic properties (life histories) of populations. Here we present an individual-based model and study the relative importance of adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity for populations of sexual species with different life histories experiencing directional stochastic climate change. Environmental fluctuations were simulated using differentially autocorrelated climatic stochasticity or noise color, and scenarios of directiona
climate change. Nonadaptive plasticity was simulated as a random environmental effect on trait development, while adaptive plasticity as a linear, saturating, or sinusoidal reaction norm. The last two imposed limits to the plastic response and emphasized flexible interactions of the genotype with the environment. Interestingly, this assumption led to (a) smaller phenotypic than genotypic variance in the population (many-to- one genotype–phenotype map) and the coexistence of polymorphisms, and (b) the maintenance of higher genetic variation—compared to linear reaction norms and genetic determinism—even when the population was exposed to a constant environment for several generations. Limits to plasticity led to genetic accommodation, when costs were negligible, and to the appearance of cryptic variation when limits were exceeded. We found that adaptive plasticity promoted population persistence under red environmental noise and was particularly important for life histories with low fecundity. Populations produing more offspring could cope with environmental fluctuations solely by genetic changes or random plasticity, unless environmental change was too fast.
KW - developmental canalization
KW - environmental change
KW - genetic accommodation
KW - Individual-based models
KW - limits
KW - many-to-one genotype–phenotype map
KW - noise color
KW - phenotypic plasticity
KW - reaction norms
KW - stochastic fluctuations
Y1 - 2020
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 11
IS - 11
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Opel, Simone
A1 - Netzer, Cajus Marian
A1 - Desel, Jörg
T1 - Adaption von Lernwegen in adaptierten Lehrmaterialien für Studierende mit Berufsausbildungsabschluss
JF - Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)
N2 - Obwohl immer mehr Menschen nicht direkt ein Studium aufnehmen, sondern zuvor eine berufliche Ausbildung absolvieren, werden die in der Ausbildung erworbenen Kompetenzen von den Hochschulen inhaltlich und didaktisch meist ignoriert. Ein Ansatz, diese Kompetenzen zu würdigen, ist die formale Anrechnung von mitgebrachten Kompetenzen als (für den Studienabschluss erforderliche) Leistungspunkte. Eine andere Variante ist der Einsatz von speziell für die Zielgruppe der Studierenden mit Vorkenntnissen adaptiertem Lehr-Lernmaterial. Um darüber hinaus individuelle Unterschiede zu berücksichtigen, erlaubt eine weitere Adaption individueller Lernpfade den Lernenden, genau die jeweils fehlenden Kompetenzen zu erwerben. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir die exemplarische Entwicklung derartigen Materials anhand des Kurses „Datenbanken“ für die Zielgruppe der Studierenden mit einer abgeschlossenen Ausbildung zum Fachinformatiker bzw. zur Fachinformatikerin vor.
KW - Informatik
KW - Anrechnung
KW - Adaption
KW - individuelle Lernwege
KW - Vorwissen
KW - Kompetenz
KW - Datenbanken
KW - Hochschule
KW - Fachinformatiker
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-614188
SN - 978-3-86956-548-4
SN - 1868-0844
SN - 2191-1940
IS - 13
SP - 91
EP - 114
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Prieske, Olaf
A1 - Chaabene, Helmi
A1 - Moran, Jason
A1 - Saeterbakken, Atle Hole
T1 - Adaptations to Advanced Resistance Training Strategies in Youth and Adult Athletes
JF - Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation
KW - strength training
KW - sportsmen
KW - mechanisms
KW - chronic effects
KW - acute effects
KW - applied physiology
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.888118
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kreibich, Heidi
A1 - Di Baldassarre, Giuliano
A1 - Vorogushyn, Sergiy
A1 - Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H.
A1 - Apel, Heiko
A1 - Aronica, Giuseppe T.
A1 - Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Karsten
A1 - Bouwer, Laurens M.
A1 - Bubeck, Philip
A1 - Caloiero, Tommaso
A1 - Chinh, Do T.
A1 - Cortes, Maria
A1 - Gain, Animesh K.
A1 - Giampa, Vincenzo
A1 - Kuhlicke, Christian
A1 - Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.
A1 - Llasat, Maria Carmen
A1 - Mard, Johanna
A1 - Matczak, Piotr
A1 - Mazzoleni, Maurizio
A1 - Molinari, Daniela
A1 - Dung, Nguyen V.
A1 - Petrucci, Olga
A1 - Schröter, Kai
A1 - Slager, Kymo
A1 - Thieken, Annegret
A1 - Ward, Philip J.
A1 - Merz, Bruno
T1 - Adaptation to flood risk
BT - Results of international paired flood event studies
JF - Earth's Future
N2 - As flood impacts are increasing in large parts of the world, understanding the primary drivers of changes in risk is essential for effective adaptation. To gain more knowledge on the basis of empirical case studies, we analyze eight paired floods, that is, consecutive flood events that occurred in the same region, with the second flood causing significantly lower damage. These success stories of risk reduction were selected across different socioeconomic and hydro-climatic contexts. The potential of societies to adapt is uncovered by describing triggered societal changes, as well as formal measures and spontaneous processes that reduced flood risk. This novel approach has the potential to build the basis for an international data collection and analysis effort to better understand and attribute changes in risk due to hydrological extremes in the framework of the IAHSs Panta Rhei initiative. Across all case studies, we find that lower damage caused by the second event was mainly due to significant reductions in vulnerability, for example, via raised risk awareness, preparedness, and improvements of organizational emergency management. Thus, vulnerability reduction plays an essential role for successful adaptation. Our work shows that there is a high potential to adapt, but there remains the challenge to stimulate measures that reduce vulnerability and risk in periods in which extreme events do not occur.
KW - flooding
KW - vulnerability
KW - global environmental change
KW - adaptation
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000606
SN - 2328-4277
VL - 5
SP - 953
EP - 965
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wutzler, Bianca
A1 - Hudson, Paul
A1 - Thieken, Annegret
T1 - Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany
JF - Frontiers in water
N2 - Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication.
KW - risk management
KW - climate change adaptation
KW - floods
KW - disaster risk
KW - reduction
KW - Germany
KW - precaution
KW - emergency management
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.932061
SN - 2624-9375
VL - 4
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wutzler, Bianca
A1 - Hudson, Paul
A1 - Thieken, Annegret
T1 - Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany
JF - Frontiers in Water
N2 - Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication.
KW - risk management
KW - climate change adaptation
KW - floods
KW - disaster risk reduction
KW - Germany
KW - precaution
KW - emergency management
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.932061
SN - 2624-9375
PB - Frontiers Media SA
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Willner, Sven N.
A1 - Levermann, Anders
A1 - Zhao, Fang
A1 - Frieler, Katja
T1 - Adaptation required to preserve future high-end river flood risk at present levels
JF - Science Advances
N2 - Earth’s surface temperature will continue to rise for another 20 to 30 years even with the strongest carbon emission reduction currently considered. The associated changes in rainfall patterns can result in an increased flood risk worldwide. We compute the required increase in flood protection to keep high-end fluvial flood risk at present levels. The analysis is carried out worldwide for subnational administrative units. Most of the United States, Central Europe, and Northeast and West Africa, as well as large parts of India and Indonesia, require the strongest adaptation effort. More than half of the United States needs to at least double their protection within the next two decades. Thus, the need for adaptation to increased river flood is a global problem affecting industrialized regions as much as developing countries.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao1914
SN - 2375-2548
VL - 4
IS - 1
PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dellepiane, Sergio
A1 - Vaid, Akhil
A1 - Jaladanki, Suraj K.
A1 - Coca, Steven
A1 - Fayad, Zahi A.
A1 - Charney, Alexander W.
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - He, John Cijiang
A1 - Glicksberg, Benjamin S.
A1 - Chan, Lili
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish
T1 - Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City
BT - temporal trends From March 2020 to April 2021
JF - Kidney medicine
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2021.06.008
SN - 2590-0595
VL - 3
IS - 5
SP - 877
EP - 879
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werfelli, Hanen
A1 - Hammami, Raouf
A1 - Selmi, Mohamed Amine
A1 - Selmi, Walid
A1 - Gabrilo, Goran
A1 - Clark, Cain C. T.
A1 - Duncan, Michael
A1 - Sekulic, Damir
A1 - Granacher, Urs
A1 - Rebai, Haithem
T1 - Acute Effects of Different Plyometric and Strength Exercises on Balance Performance in Youth Weightlifters
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
N2 - Background: High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve the performance which has been denoted as postactivation performance enhancement.
Objectives: This study determined the acute effects of different stretch-shortening (fast vs. low) and strength (dynamic vs. isometric) exercises executed during one training session on subsequent balance performance in youth weightlifters.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen male and female young weightlifters, aged 11.3±0.6years, performed four strength exercise conditions in randomized order, including dynamic strength (DYN; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 10 RM) and isometric strength exercises (ISOM; 3 sets of maintaining 3s of 10 RM of back-squat), as well as fast (FSSC; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 20-cm drop-jumps) and slow (SSSC; 3 sets of 3 hurdle jumps over a 20-cm obstacle) stretch-shortening cycle protocols. Balance performance was tested before and after each of the four exercise conditions in bipedal stance on an unstable surface (i.e., BOSU ball with flat side facing up) using two dependent variables, i.e., center of pressure surface area (CoP SA) and velocity (CoP V).
Results: There was a significant effect of time on CoP SA and CoP V [F(1,60)=54.37, d=1.88, p<0.0001; F(1,60)=9.07, d=0.77, p=0.003]. In addition, a statistically significant effect of condition on CoP SA and CoP V [F(3,60)=11.81, d=1.53, p<0.0001; F(3,60)=7.36, d=1.21, p=0.0003] was observed. Statistically significant condition-by-time interactions were found for the balance parameters CoP SA (p<0.003, d=0.54) and CoP V (p<0.002, d=0.70). Specific to contrast analysis, all specified hypotheses were tested and demonstrated that FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements than all other conditions in CoP SA and CoP V [p<0.0001 (d=1.55); p=0.0004 (d=1.19), respectively]. In addition, FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements compared with the two conditions for both balance parameters [p<0.0001 (d=2.03); p<0.0001 (d=1.45)].
Conclusion: Fast stretch-shortening cycle exercises appear to be more effective to improve short-term balance performance in young weightlifters. Due to the importance of balance for overall competitive achievement in weightlifting, it is recommended that young weightlifters implement dynamic plyometric exercises in the fast stretch-shortening cycle during the warm-up to improve their balance performance.
KW - postural stability
KW - conditioning exercise
KW - adolescents
KW - performance
KW - weightlifting
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.716981
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 12
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hammami, Raouf
A1 - Chaabene, Helmi
A1 - Kharrat, Fatma
A1 - Werfelli, Hanen
A1 - Duncan, Michael
A1 - Rebai, Haithem
A1 - Granacher, Urs
T1 - Acute effects of different balance exercise types on selected measures of physical fitness in youth female volleyball players
JF - BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
N2 - Background
Earlier studies have shown that balance training (BT) has the potential to induce performance enhancements in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., balance, muscle strength, power, speed). While there is ample evidence on the long-term effects of BT on components of physical fitness in youth, less is known on the short-term or acute effects of single BT sessions on selected measures of physical fitness.
Objective
To examine the acute effects of different balance exercise types on balance, change-of-direction (CoD) speed, and jump performance in youth female volleyball players.
Methods
Eleven female players aged 14 years participated in this study. Three types of balance exercises (i.e., anterior, posterolateral, rotational type) were conducted in randomized order. For each exercise, 3 sets including 5 repetitions were performed. Before and after the performance of the balance exercises, participants were tested for their static balance (center of pressure surface area [CoP SA] and velocity [CoP V]) on foam and firm surfaces, CoD speed (T-Half test), and vertical jump height (countermovement jump [CMJ] height). A 3 (condition: anterior, mediolateral, rotational balance exercise type) × 2 (time: pre, post) analysis of variance was computed with repeated measures on time.
Results
Findings showed no significant condition × time interactions for all outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, there were small main effects of time for CoP SA on firm and foam surfaces (both d = 0.38; all p < 0.05) with no effect for CoP V on both surface conditions (p > 0.05). For CoD speed, findings showed a large main effect of time (d = 0.91; p < 0.001). However, for CMJ height, no main effect of time was observed (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Overall, our results indicated small-to-large changes in balance and CoD speed performances but not in CMJ height in youth female volleyball players, regardless of the balance exercise type. Accordingly, it is recommended to regularly integrate balance exercises before the performance of sport-specific training to optimize performance development in youth female volleyball players.
KW - Postural stability
KW - Conditioning activity
KW - Short‐term effect
KW - Team sports
KW - Youth
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00249-5
SN - 1758-2555
VL - 13
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jansen, Sabine
A1 - Kolesnikov, Leonid
T1 - Activity expansions for Gibbs correlation functions
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472121
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 145
EP - 154
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krause, Hannes-Vincent
A1 - Große Deters, Fenne
A1 - Baumann, Annika
A1 - Krasnova, Hanna
T1 - Active social media use and its impact on well-being
BT - an experimental study on the effects of posting pictures on Instagram
JF - Journal of computer-mediated communication : a journal of the International Communication Association
N2 - Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established hypothesis is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with considerable heterogeneity among existing studies on the hypothesis and causal evidence still limited, a final verdict on its robustness is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long randomized control trial with N = 381 adult Instagram users recruited via Prolific. Specifically, we tested how active SNS use, operationalized as picture postings on Instagram, affects different dimensions of well-being. The results depicted a positive effect on users' positive affect but null findings for other well-being outcomes. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs.
Lay Summary Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established assumption is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with great diversity among conducted studies on the hypothesis and a lack of causal evidence, a final verdict on its viability is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long experimental investigation with 381 adult Instagram users. Specifically, we tested how posting pictures on Instagram affects different aspects of well-being. The results of this study depicted a positive effect of posting Instagram pictures on users' experienced positive emotions but no effects on other aspects of well-being. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs on users.
KW - social networking sites
KW - social media
KW - Instagram
KW - well-being
KW - experiment
KW - randomized control trial
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmac037
SN - 1083-6101
VL - 28
IS - 1
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -