TY - JOUR
A1 - Vidal-Garcia, Marta
A1 - Bandara, Lashi
A1 - Keogh, J. Scott
T1 - ShapeRotator
BT - an R tool for standardized rigid rotations of articulated three-dimensional structures with application for geometric morphometrics
JF - Ecology and evolution
N2 - The quantification of complex morphological patterns typically involves comprehensive shape and size analyses, usually obtained by gathering morphological data from all the structures that capture the phenotypic diversity of an organism or object. Articulated structures are a critical component of overall phenotypic diversity, but data gathered from these structures are difficult to incorporate into modern analyses because of the complexities associated with jointly quantifying 3D shape in multiple structures. While there are existing methods for analyzing shape variation in articulated structures in two-dimensional (2D) space, these methods do not work in 3D, a rapidly growing area of capability and research. Here, we describe a simple geometric rigid rotation approach that removes the effect of random translation and rotation, enabling the morphological analysis of 3D articulated structures. Our method is based on Cartesian coordinates in 3D space, so it can be applied to any morphometric problem that also uses 3D coordinates (e.g., spherical harmonics). We demonstrate the method by applying it to a landmark-based dataset for analyzing shape variation using geometric morphometrics. We have developed an R tool (ShapeRotator) so that the method can be easily implemented in the commonly used R package geomorph and MorphoJ software. This method will be a valuable tool for 3D morphological analyses in articulated structures by allowing an exhaustive examination of shape and size diversity.
KW - articulation
KW - morphology
KW - motion correction
KW - multi-modular morphology
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4018
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 8
IS - 9
SP - 4669
EP - 4675
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Scheibel, Willy
A1 - Trapp, Matthias
A1 - Limberger, Daniel
A1 - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich
T1 - A taxonomy of treemap visualization techniques
JF - Science and Technology Publications
N2 - A treemap is a visualization that has been specifically designed to facilitate the exploration of tree-structured data and, more general, hierarchically structured data. The family of visualization techniques that use a visual metaphor for parent-child relationships based “on the property of containment” (Johnson, 1993) is commonly referred to as treemaps. However, as the number of variations of treemaps grows, it becomes increasingly important to distinguish clearly between techniques and their specific characteristics. This paper proposes to discern between Space-filling Treemap TS, Containment Treemap TC, Implicit Edge Representation Tree TIE, and Mapped Tree TMT for classification of hierarchy visualization techniques and highlights their respective properties. This taxonomy is created as a hyponymy, i.e., its classes have an is-a relationship to one another: TS TC TIE TMT. With this proposal, we intend to stimulate a discussion on a more unambiguous classification of treemaps and, furthermore, broaden what is understood by the concept of treemap itself.
KW - Treemaps
KW - Taxonomy
Y1 - 2020
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hudson, Paul
A1 - Hagedoorn, Liselotte
A1 - Bubeck, Philip
T1 - Potential linkages between social capital, flood risk perceptions, and self-efficacy
JF - International journal of disaster risk science
N2 - A growing focus is being placed on both individuals and communities to adapt to flooding as part of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Adaptation to flooding requires sufficient social capital (linkages between members of society), risk perceptions (understanding of risk), and self-efficacy (self-perceived ability to limit disaster impacts) to be effective. However, there is limited understanding of how social capital, risk perceptions, and self-efficacy interact. We seek to explore how social capital interacts with variables known to increase the likelihood of successful adaptation. To study these linkages we analyze survey data of 1010 respondents across two communities in Thua Tien-Hue Province in central Vietnam, using ordered probit models. We find positive correlations between social capital, risk perceptions, and self-efficacy overall. This is a partly contrary finding to what was found in previous studies linking these concepts in Europe, which may be a result from the difference in risk context. The absence of an overall negative exchange between these factors has positive implications for proactive flood risk adaptation.
KW - flood risk
KW - protection motivation theory
KW - risk perceptions
KW - social
KW - capital
KW - self-efficacy
KW - Vietnam
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-020-00259-w
SN - 2095-0055
SN - 2192-6395
VL - 11
IS - 3
SP - 251
EP - 262
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Banerjee, Pallavi
A1 - Lipowsky, Reinhard
A1 - Santer, Mark
T1 - Coarse-grained molecular model for the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor with and without protein
JF - Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
N2 - Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors are a unique class of complex glycolipids that anchor a great variety of proteins to the extracellular leaflet of plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells. These anchors can exist either with or without an attached protein called GPI-anchored protein (GPI-AP) both in vitro and in vivo. Although GPIs are known to participate in a broad range of cellular functions, it is to a large extent unknown how these are related to GPI structure and composition. Their conformational flexibility and microheterogeneity make it difficult to study them experimentally. Simplified atomistic models are amenable to all-atom computer simulations in small lipid bilayer patches but not suitable for studying their partitioning and trafficking in complex and heterogeneous membranes. Here, we present a coarse-grained model of the GPI anchor constructed with a modified version of the MARTINI force field that is suited for modeling carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in an aqueous environment using MARTINI's polarizable water. The nonbonded interactions for sugars were reparametrized by calculating their partitioning free energies between polar and apolar phases. In addition, sugar-sugar interactions were optimized by adjusting the second virial coefficients of osmotic pressures for solutions of glucose, sucrose, and trehalose to match with experimental data. With respect to the conformational dynamics of GPI-anchored green fluorescent protein, the accessible time scales are now at least an order of magnitude larger than for the all-atom system. This is particularly important for fine-tuning the mutual interactions of lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids when comparing to experimental results. We discuss the prospective use of the coarse-grained GPI model for studying protein-sorting and trafficking in membrane models.
KW - Martini force-field
KW - osmotic-pressure
KW - potential-functions
KW - aqueous-solution
KW - dynamics
KW - coefficient
KW - simulation
KW - trypanosoma
KW - transition
KW - parameters
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00056
SN - 1549-9626
SN - 1549-9618
VL - 16
IS - 6
PB - ACS Publications
CY - Washington DC
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hartung, Niklas
A1 - Borghardt, Jens Markus
T1 - A mechanistic framework for a priori pharmacokinetic predictions of orally inhaled drugs
JF - PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal
N2 - Author summary
The use of orally inhaled drugs for treating lung diseases is appealing since they have the potential for lung selectivity, i.e. high exposure at the site of action -the lung- without excessive side effects. However, the degree of lung selectivity depends on a large number of factors, including physiochemical properties of drug molecules, patient disease state, and inhalation devices. To predict the impact of these factors on drug exposure and thereby to understand the characteristics of an optimal drug for inhalation, we develop a predictive mathematical framework (a "pharmacokinetic model"). In contrast to previous approaches, our model allows combining knowledge from different sources appropriately and its predictions were able to adequately predict different sets of clinical data. Finally, we compare the impact of different factors and find that the most important factors are the size of the inhaled particles, the affinity of the drug to the lung tissue, as well as the rate of drug dissolution in the lung. In contrast to the common belief, the solubility of a drug in the lining fluids is not found to be relevant. These findings are important to understand how inhaled drugs should be designed to achieve best treatment results in patients.
The fate of orally inhaled drugs is determined by pulmonary pharmacokinetic processes such as particle deposition, pulmonary drug dissolution, and mucociliary clearance. Even though each single process has been systematically investigated, a quantitative understanding on the interaction of processes remains limited and therefore identifying optimal drug and formulation characteristics for orally inhaled drugs is still challenging. To investigate this complex interplay, the pulmonary processes can be integrated into mathematical models. However, existing modeling attempts considerably simplify these processes or are not systematically evaluated against (clinical) data. In this work, we developed a mathematical framework based on physiologically-structured population equations to integrate all relevant pulmonary processes mechanistically. A tailored numerical resolution strategy was chosen and the mechanistic model was evaluated systematically against data from different clinical studies. Without adapting the mechanistic model or estimating kinetic parameters based on individual study data, the developed model was able to predict simultaneously (i) lung retention profiles of inhaled insoluble particles, (ii) particle size-dependent pharmacokinetics of inhaled monodisperse particles, (iii) pharmacokinetic differences between inhaled fluticasone propionate and budesonide, as well as (iv) pharmacokinetic differences between healthy volunteers and asthmatic patients. Finally, to identify the most impactful optimization criteria for orally inhaled drugs, the developed mechanistic model was applied to investigate the impact of input parameters on both the pulmonary and systemic exposure. Interestingly, the solubility of the inhaled drug did not have any relevant impact on the local and systemic pharmacokinetics. Instead, the pulmonary dissolution rate, the particle size, the tissue affinity, and the systemic clearance were the most impactful potential optimization parameters. In the future, the developed prediction framework should be considered a powerful tool for identifying optimal drug and formulation characteristics.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008466
SN - 1553-734X
SN - 1553-7358
VL - 16
IS - 12
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Canitz, Julia
A1 - Kirschbaum, Frank
A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1 - Transcriptome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms related to electric organ discharge differentiation among African weakly electric fish species
JF - PLoS one
N2 - African weakly electric fish of the mormyrid genus Campylomormyrus generate pulse-type electric organ discharges (EODs) for orientation and communication. Their pulse durations are species-specific and elongated EODs are a derived trait. So far, differential gene expression among tissue-specific transcriptomes across species with different pulses and point mutations in single ion channel genes indicate a relation of pulse duration and electrocyte geometry/excitability. However, a comprehensive assessment of expressed Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the entire transcriptome of African weakly electric fish, with the potential to identify further genes influencing EOD duration, is still lacking. This is of particular value, as discharge duration is likely based on multiple cellular mechanisms and various genes. Here we provide the first transcriptome-wide SNP analysis of African weakly electric fish species (genus Campylomormyrus) differing by EOD duration to identify candidate genes and cellular mechanisms potentially involved in the determination of an elongated discharge of C. tshokwe. Non-synonymous substitutions specific to C. tshokwe were found in 27 candidate genes with inferred positive selection among Campylomormyrus species. These candidate genes had mainly functions linked to transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Further, by comparing gene annotations between C. compressirostris (ancestral short EOD) and C. tshokwe (derived elongated EOD), we identified 27 GO terms and 2 KEGG pathway categories for which C. tshokwe significantly more frequently exhibited a species-specific expressed substitution than C. compressirostris. The results indicate that transcriptional regulation as well cell proliferation and differentiation take part in the determination of elongated pulse durations in C. tshokwe. Those cellular processes are pivotal for tissue morphogenesis and might determine the shape of electric organs supporting the observed correlation between electrocyte geometry/tissue structure and discharge duration. The inferred expressed SNPs and their functional implications are a valuable resource for future investigations on EOD durations.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240812
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 15
IS - 10
PB - PLoS
CY - San Francisco, California, US
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wiebking, Christine
A1 - Lin, Chiao-I
A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1 - Training intervention effects on cognitive performance and neuronal plasticity — A pilot study
JF - Frontiers in Neurology, section Neurorehabilitation
N2 - Studies suggest that people suffering from chronic pain may have altered brain plasticity, along with altered functional connectivity between pain-processing brain regions. These may be related to decreased mood and cognitive performance. There is some debate as to whether physical activity combined with behavioral therapy (e.g. cognitive distraction, body scan) may counteract these changes. However, underlying neuronal mechanisms are unclear. The aim of the current pilot study with a 3-armed randomized controlled trial design was to examine the effects of sensorimotor training for nonspecific chronic low back pain on (1) cognitive performance; (2) fMRI activity co-fluctuations (functional connectivity) between pain-related brain regions; and (3) the relationship between functional connectivity and subjective variables (pain and depression). Six hundred and sixty two volunteers with non-specific chronic low back pain were randomly allocated to a unimodal (sensorimotor training), multidisciplinary (sensorimotor training and behavioral therapy) intervention, or to a control group within a multicenter study. A subsample of patients (n = 21) from one study center participated in the pilot study presented here. Measurements were at baseline, during (3 weeks, M2) and after intervention (12 weeks, M4 and 24 weeks, M5). Cognitive performance was measured by the Trail Making Test and functional connectivity by MRI. Pain perception and depression were assessed by the Von Korff questionnaire and the Hospital and Anxiety. Group differences were calculated by univariate and repeated ANOVA measures and Bayesian statistics; correlations by Pearson's r. Change and correlation of functional connection were analyzed within a pooled intervention group (uni-, multidisciplinary group). Results revealed that participants with increased pain intensity at baseline showed higher functional connectivity between pain-related brain areas used as ROIs in this study. Though small sample sizes limit generalization, cognitive performance increased in the multimodal group. Increased functional connectivity was observed in participants with increased pain ratings. Pain ratings and connectivity in pain-related brain regions decreased after the intervention. The results provide preliminary indication that intervention effects can potentially be achieved on the cognitive and neuronal level. The intervention may be suitable for therapy and prevention of non-specific chronic low back pain.
KW - chronic back pain
KW - sensorimotor training intervention
KW - multimodal intervention
KW - MRI
KW - neuroplasticity
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.773813
SN - 1664-2295
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Block, Andrea
A1 - Bonaventura, Klaus
A1 - Grahn, Patricia
A1 - Bestgen, Felix
A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1 - Stress management in pre-and postoperative care amongst practitioners and patients in cardiac catheterization laboratory: a study protocol
JF - Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
N2 - Background: As the number of cardiac diseases continuously increases within the last years in modern society, so does cardiac treatment, especially cardiac catheterization. The procedure of a cardiac catheterization is challenging for both patients and practitioners. Several potential stressors of psychological or physical nature can occur during the procedure. The objective of the study is to develop and implement a stress management intervention for both practitioners and patients that aims to reduce the psychological and physical strain of a cardiac catheterization.
Methods: The clinical study (DRKS00026624) includes two randomized controlled intervention trials with parallel groups, for patients with elective cardiac catheterization and practitioners at the catheterization lab, in two clinic sites of the Ernst-von-Bergmann clinic network in Brandenburg, Germany. Both groups received different interventions for stress management. The intervention for patients comprises a psychoeducational video with different stress management technics and additional a standardized medical information about the cardiac catheterization examination. The control condition includes the in hospitals practiced medical patient education before the examination (usual care). Primary and secondary outcomes are measured by physiological parameters and validated questionnaires, the day before (M1) and after (M2) the cardiac catheterization and at a postal follow-up 6 months later (M3). It is expected that people with standardized information and psychoeducation show reduced complications during cardiac catheterization procedures, better pre- and post-operative wellbeing, regeneration, mood and lower stress levels over time. The intervention for practitioners includes a Mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR) over 8 weeks supervised by an experienced MBSR practitioner directly at the clinic site and an operative guideline. It is expected that practitioners with intervention show improved perceived and chronic stress, occupational health, physical and mental function, higher effort-reward balance, regeneration and quality of life. Primary and secondary outcomes are measured by physiological parameters (heart rate variability, saliva cortisol) and validated questionnaires and will be assessed before (M1) and after (M2) the MBSR intervention and at a postal follow-up 6 months later (M3). Physiological biomarkers in practitioners will be assessed before (M1) and after intervention (M2) on two work days and a two days off. Intervention effects in both groups (practitioners and patients) will be evaluated separately using multivariate variance analysis.
Discussion: This study evaluates the effectiveness of two stress management intervention programs for patients and practitioners within cardiac catheter laboratory. Study will disclose strains during a cardiac catheterization affecting both patients and practitioners. For practitioners it may contribute to improved working conditions and occupational safety, preservation of earning capacity, avoidance of participation restrictions and loss of performance. In both groups less anxiety, stress and complications before and during the procedures can be expected. The study may add knowledge how to eliminate stressful exposures and to contribute to more (psychological) security, less output losses and exhaustion during work. The evolved stress management guidelines, training manuals and the standardized patient education should be transferred into clinical routines
KW - stress management
KW - mindfulness-based stress reduction
KW - psychoeducation
KW - standardized patient information
KW - stress intervention
KW - distress
KW - study protocol
KW - cardiac catheterization (CC)
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.830256
SN - 2297-055X
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ellermann, Christin
A1 - McDowell, Michelle
A1 - Schirren, Clara O.
A1 - Lindemann, Ann-Kathrin
A1 - Koch, Severine
A1 - Lohmann, Mark
A1 - Jenny, Mirjam Annina
T1 - Identifying content to improve risk assessment communications within the Risk Profile: Literature reviews and focus groups with expert and non-expert stakeholders
JF - PLoS ONE
N2 - Objective
To improve consumer decision making, the results of risk assessments on food, feed, consumer products or chemicals need to be communicated not only to experts but also to non-expert audiences. The present study draws on evidence from literature reviews and focus groups with diverse stakeholders to identify content to integrate into an existing risk assessment communication (Risk Profile).
Methods
A combination of rapid literature reviews and focus groups with experts (risk assessors (n = 15), risk managers (n = 8)), and non-experts (general public (n = 18)) were used to identify content and strategies for including information about risk assessment results in the “Risk Profile” from the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment. Feedback from initial focus groups was used to develop communication prototypes that informed subsequent feedback rounds in an iterative process. A final prototype was validated in usability tests with experts.
Results
Focus group feedback and suggestions from risk assessors were largely in line with findings from the literature. Risk managers and lay persons offered similar suggestions on how to improve the existing communication of risk assessment results (e.g., including more explanatory detail, reporting probabilities for individual health impairments, and specifying risks for subgroups in additional sections). Risk managers found information about quality of evidence important to communicate, whereas people from the general public found this information less relevant. Participants from lower educational backgrounds had difficulties understanding the purpose of risk assessments. User tests found that the final prototype was appropriate and feasible to implement by risk assessors.
Conclusion
An iterative and evidence-based process was used to develop content to improve the communication of risk assessments to the general public while being feasible to use by risk assessors. Remaining challenges include how to communicate dose-response relationships and standardise quality of evidence ratings across disciplines.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266800
SN - 1553-7358
VL - 17
PB - Public Library of Science (PLOS)
CY - San Francisco, California, USA
ET - 4
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Osei, Francis
A1 - Block, Andrea
A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1 - Association of primary allostatic load mediators and metabolic syndrome (MetS): A systematic review
JF - Frontiers in Endocrinology
N2 - Allostatic load (AL) exposure may cause detrimental effects on the neuroendocrine system, leading to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The primary mediators of AL involve serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS; a functional HPA axis antagonist); further, cortisol, urinary norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI) excretion levels (assessed within 12-h urine as a golden standard for the evaluation of the HPA axis activity and sympathetic nervous system activity). However, the evidence of an association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS is limited. This systematic review aimed to critically examine the association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for articles from January 2010 to December 2021, published in English. The search strategy focused on cross-sectional and case–control studies comprising adult participants with MetS, obesity, overweight, and without chronic diseases. The STROBE checklist was used to assess study quality control. Of 770 studies, twenty-one studies with a total sample size (n = 10,666) met the eligibility criteria. Eighteen studies were cross-sectional, and three were case–control studies. The included studies had a completeness of reporting score of COR % = 87.0 ± 6.4%. It is to be noted, that cortisol as a primary mediator of AL showed an association with MetS in 50% (urinary cortisol), 40% (serum cortisol), 60% (salivary cortisol), and 100% (hair cortisol) of the studies. For DHEAS, it is to conclude that 60% of the studies showed an association with MetS. In contrast, urinary EPI and urinary NE had 100% no association with MetS. In summary, there is a tendency for the association between higher serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, urinary cortisol, hair cortisol, and lower levels of DHEAS with MetS. Future studies focusing on longitudinal data are warranted for clarification and understanding of the association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS.
KW - allostatic load
KW - cortisol
KW - dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
KW - epinephrine
KW - norepinephrine
KW - metabolic syndrome
KW - primary marker
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.946740
SN - 1664-2392
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kolyvushko, Oleksandr
A1 - Latzke, Juliane
A1 - Dahmani, Ismail
A1 - Osterrieder, Nikolaus
A1 - Chiantia, Salvatore
A1 - Azab, Walid
T1 - Differentially-charged liposomes interact with alphaherpesviruses and interfere with virus entry
JF - Pathogens
N2 - Exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane is induced by infection with several members of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. There is evidence that PS is used by the equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) during entry, but the exact role of PS and other phospholipids in the entry process remains unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction of differently charged phospholipids with virus particles and determined their influence on infection. Our data show that liposomes containing negatively charged PS or positively charged DOTAP (N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium) inhibited EHV-1 infection, while neutral phosphatidylcholine (PC) had no effect. Inhibition of infection with PS was transient, decreased with time, and was dose dependent. Our findings indicate that both cationic and anionic phospholipids can interact with the virus and reduce infectivity, while, presumably, acting through different mechanisms. Charged phospholipids were found to have antiviral effects and may be used to inhibit EHV-1 infection.
KW - alphaherpesvirus
KW - EHV-1
KW - phosphatidylserine
KW - inhibition
KW - pathogen host
KW - interaction
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050359
SN - 2076-0817
VL - 9
IS - 5
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seržant, Ilja A.
A1 - Moroz, George A.
T1 - Universal attractors in language evolution provide evidence for the kinds of efficiency pressures involved
JF - Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
N2 - Efficiency is central to understanding the communicative and cognitive underpinnings of language. However, efficiency management is a complex mechanism in which different efficiency effects-such as articulatory, processing and planning ease, mental accessibility, and informativity, online and offline efficiency effects-conspire to yield the coding of linguistic signs. While we do not yet exactly understand the interactional mechanism of these different effects, we argue that universal attractors are an important component of any dynamic theory of efficiency that would be aimed at predicting efficiency effects across languages. Attractors are defined as universal states around which language evolution revolves. Methodologically, we approach efficiency from a cross-linguistic perspective on the basis of a world-wide sample of 383 languages from 53 families, balancing all six macro-areas (Eurasia, North and South America, Australia, Africa, and Oceania). We explore the grammatical domain of verbal person-number subject indexes. We claim that there is an attractor state in this domain to which languages tend to develop and tend not to leave if they happen to comply with the attractor in their earlier stages of evolution. The attractor is characterized by different lengths for each person and number combination, structured along Zipf's predictions. Moreover, the attractor strongly prefers non-compositional, cumulative coding of person and number. On the basis of these and other properties of the attractor, we conclude that there are two domains in which efficiency pressures are most powerful: strive towards less processing and articulatory effort. The latter, however, is overridden by constant information flow. Strive towards lower lexicon complexity and memory costs are weaker efficiency pressures for this grammatical category due to its order of frequency.
KW - Duration
KW - Explanations
KW - Redundancy
KW - Pronouns
KW - Usage
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01072-0
SN - 2662-9992
VL - 9
IS - 1
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fliesser, Michael
A1 - De Witt Huberts, Jessie
A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1 - The choice that matters: the relative influence of socioeconomic status indicators on chronic back pain- a longitudinal study
JF - BMC health services research
N2 - Background: In health research, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) are often used interchangeably and often lack theoretical foundation. This makes it difficult to compare results from different studies and to explore the relationship between SES and health outcomes. To aid researchers in choosing appropriate indicators of SES, this article proposes and tests a theory-based selection of SES indicators using chronic back pain as a health outcome. Results: Chronic back pain intensity was best predicted by the multidimensional index (beta = 0.31, p < 0.05), followed by job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05) and education (beta = -0.29, p < 0.05); whereas, income exerted no significant influence. Back pain disability was predicted strongest by education (beta = -0.30, p < 0.05) and job position (beta = 0. 29, p < 0.05). Here, multidimensional index and income had no significant influence. Conclusions: The choice of SES indicators influences predictive power on both back pain dimensions, suggesting SES predictors cannot be used interchangeably. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider prior to each study which SES indicator to use. The introduced framework can be valuable in supporting this decision because it allows for a stable prediction of SES indicator influence and their hierarchy on a specific health outcomes.
KW - socioeconomic status
KW - Indicators of socioeconomic status
KW - health inequality
KW - education
KW - job position
KW - income
KW - chronic back pain
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2735-9
SN - 1472-6963
VL - 17
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Starzonek, Janine
A1 - Roscher, Katja
A1 - Blither, Matthias
A1 - Blaue, Dominique
A1 - Schedlbauer, Carola
A1 - Hire, Manuela
A1 - Raila, Jens
A1 - Vervuert, Ingrid
T1 - Effects of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in horses and ponies
JF - PeerJ
N2 - Background. In horses and ponies numerous medical conditions are known to be linked with inflammation in different tissues, especially in the liver. Besides affecting other metabolic pathways such as the expression of certain interleukins (IL), inflammation is associated with stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In particular, ER stress leads to adaptive stress response and can be measured by several markers of inflammatory and stress signalling pathways, like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). Objectives. To investigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory reactions and their modulation in horses and ponies by feeding a polyphenol-rich supplement consisting of green tea and curcuma. Methods. In a cross-over study, 11 animals were allocated to either a placebo or a supplement group and supplemented with 10 g of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract (GCE) or a placebo (calcium carbonate) once daily. After 21 days of supplementation, all animals underwent a LPS challenge to induce moderate systemic inflammation. Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken at standardized time points: 24 hours before and 12 hours after LPS challenge. Inflammatory blood parameters such as serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) were measured in serum. Hepatic mRNA levels of selected markers of inflammation such as haptoglobin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1 beta, IL-6, cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), NF-kappa B, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) were quantified by RT-qPCR. In addition, liver biopsies were examined histologically for inflammatory alterations. Results. Blood markers of acute inflammatory response increased after LPS challenge. In the liver, the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 beta showed significantly lower mRNA levels after LPS challenge in the supplemented group (P = 0.04) compared to the placebo group. Levels of the hepatic CD68 mRNA increased significantly in the placebo group (P = 0.04). There were no significant differences between supplemented and placebo groups concerning other markers of inflammation and markers of ER stress within the liver. The number of hepatic macrophages were not different after LPS challenge in both feeding groups. Conclusion. LPS was able to induce inflammation but seemed less suitable to induce ER stress in the horses and ponies. The polyphenol-rich supplement showed some potential to reduce inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the supplementation did not exert an overall anti-inflammatory effect in horses and ponies.
KW - Curcumin
KW - Catechin
KW - Equines
KW - ER-stress
KW - Polyphenols
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8053
SN - 2167-8359
VL - 7
PB - PeerJ Inc.
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tutu, Anthony Osei
A1 - Steinberger, Bernhard
A1 - Sobolev, Stephan Vladimir
A1 - Rogozhina, Irina
A1 - Popov, Anton A.
T1 - Effects of upper mantle heterogeneities on the lithospheric stress field and dynamic topography
JF - Solid earth
N2 - The orientation and tectonic regime of the observed crustal/lithospheric stress field contribute to our knowledge of different deformation processes occurring within the Earth's crust and lithosphere. In this study, we analyze the influence of the thermal and density structure of the upper mantle on the lithospheric stress field and topography. We use a 3-D lithosphere–asthenosphere numerical model with power-law rheology, coupled to a spectral mantle flow code at 300 km depth. Our results are validated against the World Stress Map 2016 (WSM2016) and the observation-based residual topography. We derive the upper mantle thermal structure from either a heat flow model combined with a seafloor age model (TM1) or a global S-wave velocity model (TM2). We show that lateral density heterogeneities in the upper 300 km have a limited influence on the modeled horizontal stress field as opposed to the resulting dynamic topography that appears more sensitive to such heterogeneities. The modeled stress field directions, using only the mantle heterogeneities below 300 km, are not perturbed much when the effects of lithosphere and crust above 300 km are added. In contrast, modeled stress magnitudes and dynamic topography are to a greater extent controlled by the upper mantle density structure. After correction for the chemical depletion of continents, the TM2 model leads to a much better fit with the observed residual topography giving a good correlation of 0.51 in continents, but this correction leads to no significant improvement of the fit between the WSM2016 and the resulting lithosphere stresses. In continental regions with abundant heat flow data, TM1 results in relatively small angular misfits. For example, in western Europe the misfit between the modeled and observation-based stress is 18.3°. Our findings emphasize that the relative contributions coming from shallow and deep mantle dynamic forces are quite different for the lithospheric stress field and dynamic topography.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-649-2018
SN - 1869-9510
SN - 1869-9529
VL - 9
IS - 3
SP - 649
EP - 668
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tchewonpi Sagu, Sorel
A1 - Landgräber, Eva
A1 - Henkel, Ina M.
A1 - Huschek, Gerd
A1 - Homann, Thomas
A1 - Bußler, Sara
A1 - Schlüter, Oliver K.
A1 - Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal
T1 - Effect of cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors on developmental characteristics and abundance of digestive enzymes of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor L.)
JF - Insects
N2 - The objective of this work was to investigate the potential effect of cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) on growth parameters and selective digestive enzymes of Tenebrio molitor L. larvae. The approach consisted of feeding the larvae with wheat, sorghum and rice meals containing different levels and composition of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors. The developmental and biochemical characteristics of the larvae were assessed over feeding periods of 5 h, 5 days and 10 days, and the relative abundance of α-amylase and selected proteases in larvae were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, weight gains ranged from 21% to 42% after five days of feeding. The larval death rate significantly increased in all groups after 10 days of feeding (p < 0.05), whereas the pupation rate was about 25% among larvae fed with rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Siyazan/Esperya wheat meals, and only 8% and 14% among those fed with Damougari and S35 sorghum meals. As determined using the Lowry method, the protein contents of the sodium phosphate extracts ranged from 7.80 ± 0.09 to 9.42 ± 0.19 mg/mL and those of the ammonium bicarbonate/urea reached 19.78 ± 0.16 to 37.47 ± 1.38 mg/mL. The total protein contents of the larvae according to the Kjeldahl method ranged from 44.0 and 49.9 g/100 g. The relative abundance of α-amylase, CLIP domain-containing serine protease, modular serine protease zymogen and C1 family cathepsin significantly decreased in the larvae, whereas dipeptidylpeptidase I and chymotrypsin increased within the first hours after feeding (p < 0.05). Trypsin content was found to be constant independently of time or feed material. Finally, based on the results we obtained, it was difficult to substantively draw conclusions on the likely effects of meal ATI composition on larval developmental characteristics, but their effects on the digestive enzyme expression remain relevant.
KW - growth behavior
KW - Tenebrio molitor larvae
KW - feeding
KW - cereal meals
KW - α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors
KW - digestive enzymes quantification
KW - LC-MS/MS
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12050454
SN - 2075-4450
VL - 12
IS - 5
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aloni, Sapir Shekef
A1 - Perovic, Milena
A1 - Weitman, Michal
A1 - Cohen, Reut
A1 - Oschatz, Martin
A1 - Mastai, Yitzhak
T1 - Amino acid-based ionic liquids as precursors for the synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons
JF - Nanoscale Advances
N2 - The synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons based on chiral ionic liquids (CILs) of amino acids as precursors is described. Such unique precursors for the carbonization of CILs yield chiral carbonaceous materials with high surface area (approximate to 620 m(2) g(-1)). The enantioselectivities of the porous carbons are examined by advanced techniques such as selective adsorption of enantiomers using cyclic voltammetry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and mass spectrometry. These techniques demonstrate the chiral nature and high enantioselectivity of the chiral carbon materials. Overall, we believe that the novel approach presented here can contribute significantly to the development of new chiral carbon materials that will find important applications in chiral chemistry, such as in chiral catalysis and separation and in chiral sensors. From a scientific point of view, the approach and results reported here can significantly deepen our understanding of chirality at the nanoscale and of the structure and nature of chiral nonporous materials and surfaces.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9na00520j
SN - 2516-0230
VL - 1
IS - 12
SP - 4981
EP - 4988
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mendel, Ralf R.
A1 - Hercher, Thomas W.
A1 - Zupok, Arkadiusz
A1 - Hasnat, Muhammad Abrar
A1 - Leimkühler, Silke
T1 - The requirement of inorganic Fe-S clusters for the biosynthesis of the organometallic molybdenum cofactor
JF - Inorganics : open access journal
N2 - Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential protein cofactors. In enzymes, they are present either in the rhombic [2Fe-2S] or the cubic [4Fe-4S] form, where they are involved in catalysis and electron transfer and in the biosynthesis of metal-containing prosthetic groups like the molybdenum cofactor (Moco). Here, we give an overview of the assembly of Fe-S clusters in bacteria and humans and present their connection to the Moco biosynthesis pathway. In all organisms, Fe-S cluster assembly starts with the abstraction of sulfur froml-cysteine and its transfer to a scaffold protein. After formation, Fe-S clusters are transferred to carrier proteins that insert them into recipient apo-proteins. In eukaryotes like humans and plants, Fe-S cluster assembly takes place both in mitochondria and in the cytosol. Both Moco biosynthesis and Fe-S cluster assembly are highly conserved among all kingdoms of life. Moco is a tricyclic pterin compound with molybdenum coordinated through its unique dithiolene group. Moco biosynthesis begins in the mitochondria in a Fe-S cluster dependent step involving radical/S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) chemistry. An intermediate is transferred to the cytosol where the dithiolene group is formed, to which molybdenum is finally added. Further connections between Fe-S cluster assembly and Moco biosynthesis are discussed in detail.
KW - Moco biosynthesis
KW - Fe-S cluster assembly
KW - l-cysteine desulfurase
KW - ISC
KW - SUF
KW - NIF
KW - iron
KW - molybdenum
KW - sulfur
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8070043
SN - 2304-6740
VL - 8
IS - 7
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Potts, Jonathan R.
A1 - Schlägel, Ulrike E.
T1 - Parametrizing diffusion-taxis equations from animal movement trajectories using step selection analysis
JF - Methods in ecology and evolution : an official journal of the British Ecological Society
N2 - Mathematical analysis of partial differential equations (PDEs) has led to many insights regarding the effect of organism movements on spatial population dynamics. However, their use has mainly been confined to the community of mathematical biologists, with less attention from statistical and empirical ecologists. We conjecture that this is principally due to the inherent difficulties in fitting PDEs to data. To help remedy this situation, in the context of movement ecology, we show how the popular technique of step selection analysis (SSA) can be used to parametrize a class of PDEs, calleddiffusion-taxismodels, from an animal's trajectory. We examine the accuracy of our technique on simulated data, then demonstrate the utility of diffusion-taxis models in two ways. First, for non-interacting animals, we derive the steady-state utilization distribution in a closed analytic form. Second, we give a recipe for deriving spatial pattern formation properties that emerge from interacting animals: specifically, do those interactions cause heterogeneous spatial distributions to emerge and if so, do these distributions oscillate at short times or emerge without oscillations? The second question is applied to data on concurrently tracked bank volesMyodes glareolus. Our results show that SSA can accurately parametrize diffusion-taxis equations from location data, providing the frequency of the data is not too low. We show that the steady-state distribution of our diffusion-taxis model, where it is derived, has an identical functional form to the utilization distribution given by resource selection analysis (RSA), thus formally linking (fine scale) SSA with (broad scale) RSA. For the bank vole data, we show how our SSA-PDE approach can give predictions regarding the spatial aggregation and segregation of different individuals, which are difficult to predict purely by examining results of SSA. Our methods provide a user-friendly way into the world of PDEs, via a well-used statistical technique, which should lead to tighter links between the findings of mathematical ecology and observations from empirical ecology. By providing a non-speculative link between observed movement behaviours and space use patterns on larger spatio-temporal scales, our findings will also aid integration of movement ecology into understanding spatial species distributions.
KW - advection-diffusion
KW - animal movement
KW - home range
KW - movement ecology
KW - partial differential equations
KW - resource selection
KW - step selection
KW - taxis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13406
SN - 2041-210X
VL - 11
IS - 9
SP - 1092
EP - 1105
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Levy, Jessica
A1 - Mussack, Dominic
A1 - Brunner, Martin
A1 - Keller, Ulrich
A1 - Cardoso-Leite, Pedro
A1 - Fischbach, Antoine
T1 - Contrasting classical and machine learning approaches in the estimation of value-added scores in large-scale educational data
JF - Frontiers in psychology
N2 - There is no consensus on which statistical model estimates school value-added (VA) most accurately. To date, the two most common statistical models used for the calculation of VA scores are two classical methods: linear regression and multilevel models. These models have the advantage of being relatively transparent and thus understandable for most researchers and practitioners. However, these statistical models are bound to certain assumptions (e.g., linearity) that might limit their prediction accuracy. Machine learning methods, which have yielded spectacular results in numerous fields, may be a valuable alternative to these classical models. Although big data is not new in general, it is relatively new in the realm of social sciences and education. New types of data require new data analytical approaches. Such techniques have already evolved in fields with a long tradition in crunching big data (e.g., gene technology). The objective of the present paper is to competently apply these "imported" techniques to education data, more precisely VA scores, and assess when and how they can extend or replace the classical psychometrics toolbox. The different models include linear and non-linear methods and extend classical models with the most commonly used machine learning methods (i.e., random forest, neural networks, support vector machines, and boosting). We used representative data of 3,026 students in 153 schools who took part in the standardized achievement tests of the Luxembourg School Monitoring Program in grades 1 and 3. Multilevel models outperformed classical linear and polynomial regressions, as well as different machine learning models. However, it could be observed that across all schools, school VA scores from different model types correlated highly. Yet, the percentage of disagreements as compared to multilevel models was not trivial and real-life implications for individual schools may still be dramatic depending on the model type used. Implications of these results and possible ethical concerns regarding the use of machine learning methods for decision-making in education are discussed.
KW - value-added modeling
KW - school effectiveness
KW - machine learning
KW - model
KW - comparison
KW - longitudinal data
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02190
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 11
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Thulin, Mirjam
A1 - Krah, Markus
A1 - Gausemeier, Bernd
A1 - Mecklenburg, Frank
A1 - Oehme, Annegret
A1 - Tamás, Máté
A1 - Gerlach, Lisa
A1 - Gräbe, Viktoria
A1 - Wermke, Michael
A1 - Oleshkevich, Ekaterina
A1 - Arnold, Rafael D.
A1 - Wendehorst, Stephan
A1 - Talabardon, Susanne
A1 - Mays, Devi
A1 - Müller, Judith
A1 - Herskovitz, Yaakov
A1 - Garloff, Katja
A1 - Kellenbach, Katharina von
A1 - Held, Marcus
A1 - Grözinger, Karl Erich
ED - Thulin, Mirjam
ED - Krah, Markus
ED - Pick, Bianca
T1 - PaRDeS : Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany = Jewish Families and Kinship in the Early Modern and Modern Eras
T2 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien
T2 - PaRDeS : Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany
N2 - The Jewish family has been the subject of much admiration and analysis, criticism and myth-making, not just but especially in modern times. As a field of inquiry, its place is at the intersection – or in the shadow – of the great topics in Jewish Studies and its contributing disciplines. Among them are the modernization and privatization of Judaism and Jewish life; integration and distinctiveness of Jews as individuals and as a group; gender roles and education. These and related questions have been the focus of modern Jewish family research, which took shape as a discipline in the 1910s.
This issue of PaRDeS traces the origins of academic Jewish family research and takes stock of its development over a century, with its ruptures that have added to the importance of familial roots and continuities. A special section retrieves the founder of the field, Arthur Czellitzer (1871–1943), his biography and work from oblivion and places him in the context of early 20th-century science and Jewish life.
The articles on current questions of Jewish family history reflect the topic’s potential for shedding new light on key questions in Jewish Studies past and present. Their thematic range – from 13th-century Yiddish Arthurian romances via family-based business practices in 19th-century Hungary and Germany, to concepts of Jewish parenthood in Imperial Russia – illustrates the broad interest in Jewish family research as a paradigm for early modern and modern Jewish Studies.
T3 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. - 26
KW - Modern Jewish history
KW - family history
KW - early modern history
KW - Jewish Studies
KW - genealogy
KW - Moderne Jüdische Geschichte
KW - Familiengeschichte
KW - Frühe Neuzeit
KW - Jüdische Studien
KW - Genealogie
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-473654
SN - 978-3-86956-493-7
SN - 1614-6492
SN - 1862-7684
IS - 26
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Golovnenkov, Pavel
T1 - Уголовное уложение Федеративной Республики Германия - Strafgesetzbuch (StGB) -
BT - Научно-практический комментарий и перевод текста закона
T3 - Schriften zum deutschen und russischen Strafrecht
T3 - Научные труды в области немецкого и российского уголовного права
N2 - Настоящий научно-практический комментарий и перевод Уголовного уложения Федеративной Республики Германия не ограничивается собственно трансформацией текста основного уголовного закона Германии на русский язык. Руководствуясь принципами функционального перевода, автор посредством точного и систематического перевода доводит до сведения читателя смысл уголовно-правовых норм. Научно-практический комментарий к Уголовному уложению Германии представляет собой постатейный комментарий, учитывающий как мнение законодателя, так и мнение правоприменительной практики Федерального Верховного суда и высших Земельных судов Германии, а также немецкой юридической доктрины по основным проблемам уголовного права. Необходимое внимание было уделено также дополнительному уголовному праву и уголовно-процессуальным проблемам. Таким образом, задачей настоящего издания является предоставить читателю возможность правильного языкового понимания и юридического толкования уголовно-правовых норм Германии.
Вступительная статья «Введение в уголовное право Германии» содержит общий обзор немецкого уголовного права. Особое внимание уделено развитию и источникам уголовного законодательства, а также доктрине уголовного права ФРГ.
Книга может заинтересовать практиков и правоведов, а также всех, кто в своей профессиональной деятельности или в процессе обучения сталкивается с уголовным правом Германии.
T2 - Ugolovnoe uloženie Federativnoj Respubliki Germaniâ - Strafgesetzbuch (StGB) - : Naučno-praktičeskij kommentarij i perevod teksta zakona
T2 - Strafgesetzbuch der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Wissenschaftlicher Praxiskommentar und russische Übersetzung des Gesetzestextes
T3 - Schriften zum deutschen und russischen Strafrecht = Научные труды в области немецкого и российского уголовного права - 4
KW - StGB
KW - Strafgesetzbuch
KW - Strafrecht
KW - russische Kommentierung StGB
KW - russische Übersetzung StGB
KW - Уголовное уложение Германии
KW - Уголовный кодекс Германии
KW - комментарий к УУ (УК) ФРГ
KW - перевод УУ (УК) ФРГ
KW - уголовное право Германии
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-473712
SN - 978-3-86956-494-4
SN - 2191-088X
SN - 2191-0898
IS - 4
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Walzer, Christine
T1 - Fehler fördern Entwicklung
BT - eine Analyse mit der Felix-App zur Visualisierung von Emotionen und Leistungsfähigkeit im Biologieunterricht
T3 - Lern dich glücklich - Arbeiten zum prozessorientierten Lehren und Lernen
N2 - Emotionen und Gefühle von Lehrenden und Lernenden werden im Schullalltag bedauerlicherweise zu wenig berücksichtigt, obwohl die Forschung vielfältige Ergebnisse zum Einfluss von Emotionen auf die Lern- und Leistungsbereitschaft beigetragen hat. Allerdings fehlt es aktuell an tragfähigen Konzepten für die konkrete Nutzung und Umsetzung dieses Wissens in der Schule.
Frau Christine Walzer testet im Rahmen ihrer Arbeit die von Benjamin Apelojg entwickelte FELIX-App, die Emotionen und Bedürfnisse von Lerngruppen aufnimmt und spiegelt. Der Fokus wird auf eine Unterrichtstunde mit dem Schwerpunkt Lernen aus Fehlern gesetzt. Neben dem Zusammenhang zwischen provozierten Fehlern und Emotionen, soll insbesondere der Einsatz der FELIX-App analysiert werden. Hierzu wurde die FELIX-App in Biologie-Kursen eines Gymnasiums eingesetzt. Die Schüler*innen wurden neben einem Pre- und Postfragebogen direkt im Unterricht mit der Felix-App zu ihren Emotionen in bestimmten Lernkontexten befragt. Die Arbeit bietet sowohl eine vertiefte Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema „Emotionen im schulischen Kontext“, als auch einen Einblick in das Konzept der prozessorientierten Didaktik und zeigt beispielhaft den Einsatz der FELIX-App. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse sprechen sehr für eine weitere Einbindung von Emotions-orientierten Abfragen und für eine offenere Fehlerkultur im Unterricht.
T3 - Lern dich glücklich - Arbeiten zum prozessorientierten Lehren und Lernen - 3
KW - Emotionen
KW - FELIX-App
KW - prozessorientierte Didaktik
KW - Lernen aus Fehlern
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474652
SN - 2568-4515
IS - 3
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kobs, Scarlett
A1 - Ehlert, Antje
A1 - Lenkeit, Jenny
A1 - Hartmann, Anne Therese
A1 - Sporer, Nadine
A1 - Knigge, Michel
T1 - The influence of individual and situational factors on teachers' justice ratings of classroom interactions
JF - Frontiers in psychology
N2 - Teachers, as role models, are crucial in promoting inclusion in society through their actions. Being perceived as fair by their students is linked to students' feelings of belonging in school. In addition, their decisions of resource allocations also affect students' academic success. Both aspects underpin the importance of teachers' views on justice. This article aims to investigate what teachers consider to be just and how teacher characteristics and situational factors affect justice ratings of hypothetical student-teacher-interactions. In an experimental design, we randomly varied the description of the interacting student in text vignettes regarding his/her special educational need (SEN) (situational factor). We also collected data on teachers' attitudes toward inclusion and experiences with persons with disabilities (individual factors). A sample of in-service teachers in Germany (N = 2,254) rated randomized versions of two text vignettes. To also consider the effect of professional status, a sample of pre-service teachers (N = 275) did the same. Linear mixed effect models point to a negative effect of the SEN on justice ratings, meaning situations in which the interacting student is described with a SEN were rated less just compared to the control condition. As the interacting student in the situations was treated worse than the rest, this was indicative for the application of the need principle. Teachers with more positive attitudes toward inclusion rated the vignettes as significantly less just. Professional status also had a negative effect on justice ratings, with in-service teachers rating the interactions significantly lower than the pre-service teachers. Our results suggest that the teachers applied the principle of need in their ratings. Implications for inclusive teaching practices and future research are discussed further.
KW - classroom interactions
KW - justice
KW - special educational need
KW - ratings
KW - inclusion
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.789110
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fritsch, Daniel
T1 - Revisiting the Cu-Zn disorder in kesterite type Cu2ZnSnSe4 employing a novel approach to hybrid functional calculations
JF - Applied Sciences : open access journal
N2 - In recent years, the search for more efficient and environmentally friendly materials to be employed in the next generation of thin film solar cell devices has seen a shift towards hybrid halide perovskites and chalcogenide materials crystallising in the kesterite crystal structure. Prime examples for the latter are Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2ZnSnSe4, and their solid solution Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)(4), where actual devices already demonstrated power conversion efficiencies of about 13 %. However, in their naturally occurring kesterite crystal structure, the so-called Cu-Zn disorder plays an important role and impacts the structural, electronic, and optical properties. To understand the influence of Cu-Zn disorder, we perform first-principles calculations based on density functional theory combined with special quasirandom structures to accurately model the cation disorder. Since the electronic band gaps and derived optical properties are severely underestimated by (semi)local exchange and correlation functionals, supplementary hybrid functional calculations have been performed. Concerning the latter, we additionally employ a recently devised technique to speed up structural relaxations for hybrid functional calculations. Our calculations show that the Cu-Zn disorder leads to a slight increase in the unit cell volume compared to the conventional kesterite structure showing full cation order, and that the band gap gets reduced by about 0.2 eV, which is in very good agreement with earlier experimental and theoretical findings. Our detailed results on structural, electronic, and optical properties will be discussed with respect to available experimental data, and will provide further insights into the atomistic origin of the disorder-induced band gap lowering in these promising kesterite type materials.
KW - Cu2ZnSnSe4
KW - CZTSe
KW - chalcogenide
KW - kesterite
KW - Cu-Zn disorder
KW - density
KW - functional theory
KW - hybrid functional
KW - special quasirandom structure
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052576
SN - 2076-3417
VL - 12
IS - 5
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sagu Tchewonpi, Sorel
A1 - Huschek, Gerd
A1 - Homann, Thomas
A1 - Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal
T1 - Effect of sample preparation on the detection and quantification of selected nuts allergenic proteins by LC-MS/MS
JF - Molecules : a journal of synthetic chemistry and natural product chemistry / Molecular Diversity Preservation International
N2 - The detection and quantification of nut allergens remains a major challenge. The liquid chroma-tography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is emerging as one of the most widely used methods, but sample preparation prior to the analysis is still a key issue. The objective of this work was to establish optimized protocols for extraction, tryptic digestion and LC-MS analysis of almond, cashew, hazelnut, peanut, pistachio and walnut samples. Ammonium bicar-bonate/urea extraction (Ambi/urea), SDS buffer extraction (SDS), polyvinylpolypyrroli-done (PVPP) extraction, trichloroacetic acid/acetone extraction (TCA/acetone) and chloro-form/methanol/sodium chloride precipitation (CM/NaCl) as well as the performances of con-ventional tryptic digestion and microwave-assisted breakdown were investigated. Overall, the protein extraction yields ranged from 14.9 ± 0.5 (almond extract from CM/NaCl) to 76.5 ± 1.3% (hazelnut extract from Ambi/urea). Electrophoretic profiling showed that the SDS extraction method clearly presented a high amount of extracted proteins in the range of 0–15 kDa, 15–35 kDa, 35–70 kDa and 70–250 kDa compared to the other methods. The linearity of the LC-MS methods in the range of 0 to 0.4 µg equivalent defatted nut flour was assessed and recovery of internal standards GWGG and DPLNV(d8)LKPR ranged from 80 to 120%. The identified bi-omarkers peptides were used to relatively quantifier selected allergenic protein form the inves-tigated nut samples. Considering the overall results, it can be concluded that SDS buffer allows a better protein extraction from almond, peanut and walnut samples while PVPP buffer is more appropriate for cashew, pistachio and hazelnut samples. It was also found that conventional overnight digestion is indicated for cashew, pistachio and hazelnut samples, while microwave assisted tryptic digestion is recommended for almond, hazelnut and peanut extracts.
KW - nut allergenic proteins
KW - protein extraction
KW - sample preparation
KW - tryptic digestion
KW - microwave assisted digestion
KW - SDS PAGE
KW - LC-MS/MS
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154698
SN - 1420-3049
VL - 26
IS - 15
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Siddiqi, Muhammad Ali
A1 - Dörr, Christian
A1 - Strydis, Christos
T1 - IMDfence
BT - architecting a secure protocol for implantable medical devices
JF - IEEE access
N2 - Over the past decade, focus on the security and privacy aspects of implantable medical devices (IMDs) has intensified, driven by the multitude of cybersecurity vulnerabilities found in various existing devices. However, due to their strict computational, energy and physical constraints, conventional security protocols are not directly applicable to IMDs. Custom-tailored schemes have been proposed instead which, however, fail to cover the full spectrum of security features that modern IMDs and their ecosystems so critically require. In this paper we propose IMDfence, a security protocol for IMD ecosystems that provides a comprehensive yet practical security portfolio, which includes availability, non-repudiation, access control, entity authentication, remote monitoring and system scalability. The protocol also allows emergency access that results in the graceful degradation of offered services without compromising security and patient safety. The performance of the security protocol as well as its feasibility and impact on modern IMDs are extensively analyzed and evaluated. We find that IMDfence achieves the above security requirements at a mere less than 7% increase in total IMD energy consumption, and less than 14 ms and 9 kB increase in system delay and memory footprint, respectively.
KW - protocols
KW - implants
KW - authentication
KW - ecosystems
KW - remote monitoring
KW - scalability
KW - authentication protocol
KW - battery-depletion attack
KW - battery
KW - DoS
KW - denial-of-service attack
KW - IMD
KW - implantable medical device
KW - non-repudiation
KW - smart card
KW - zero-power defense
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015686
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 8
SP - 147948
EP - 147964
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
CY - Piscataway
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Heinze, Johannes
T1 - Herbivory by aboveground insects impacts plant root morphological traits
JF - Plant ecology : an international journal
N2 - Aboveground herbivory induces physiological responses, like the release of belowground chemical defense and storage of secondary metabolites, as well as physical responses in plants, like increased root biomass production. However, studies on effects of aboveground herbivory on root morphology are scarce and until now no study tested herbivory effects under natural conditions for a large set of plant species. Therefore, in a field experiment on plant-soil interactions, I investigated the effect of aboveground insect herbivory on root morphological traits of 20 grassland plant species. For 9 of the 20 species, all individuals showed shoot damage in the presence of insect herbivores, but no damage in insect herbivore exclusions. In these 9 species root biomass increased and root morphological traits changed under herbivory towards thinner roots with increased specific root surface. In contrast, the remaining species did not differ in the number of individuals damaged, root biomass nor morphological traits with herbivores present vs. absent. The fact that aboveground herbivory resulted in thinner roots with increased specific root surface area for all species in which the herbivore exclusion manipulation altered shoot damage might indicate that plants increase nutrient uptake in response to herbivory. However, more importantly, results provide empirical evidence that aboveground herbivory impacts root morphological traits of plants. As these traits are important for the occupation of soil space, uptake processes, decomposition and interactions with soil biota, results suggest that herbivory-induced changes in root morphology might be of importance for plant-soil feedbacks and plant-plant competition.
KW - herbivory
KW - root traits
KW - specific root length
KW - specific root surface
KW - area
KW - plant-soil feedback
KW - competition
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-020-01045-w
SN - 1385-0237
SN - 1573-5052
VL - 221
IS - 8
SP - 725
EP - 732
PB - Springer
CY - Dordrecht
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pitzen, Valentin
A1 - Askarzada, Sophie
A1 - Gräf, Ralph
A1 - Meyer, Irene
T1 - CDK5RAP2 Is an Essential Scaffolding Protein of the Corona of the Dictyostelium Centrosome
JF - Cells
N2 - Dictyostelium centrosomes consist of a nucleus-associated cylindrical, three-layered core structure surrounded by a corona consisting of microtubule-nucleation complexes embedded in a scaffold of large coiled-coil proteins. One of them is the conserved CDK5RAP2 protein. Here we focus on the role of Dictyostelium CDK5RAP2 for maintenance of centrosome integrity, its interaction partners and its dynamic behavior during interphase and mitosis. GFP-CDK5RAP2 is present at the centrosome during the entire cell cycle except from a short period during prophase, correlating with the normal dissociation of the corona at this stage. RNAi depletion of CDK5RAP2 results in complete disorganization of centrosomes and microtubules suggesting that CDK5RAP2 is required for organization of the corona and its association to the core structure. This is in line with the observation that overexpressed GFP-CDK5RAP2 elicited supernumerary cytosolic MTOCs. The phenotype of CDK5RAP2 depletion was very reminiscent of that observed upon depletion of CP148, another scaffolding protein of the corona. BioID interaction assays revealed an interaction of CDK5RAP2 not only with the corona markers CP148, gamma-tubulin, and CP248, but also with the core components Cep192, CP75, and CP91. Furthermore, protein localization studies in both depletion strains revealed that CP148 and CDK5RAP2 cooperate in corona organization.
KW - centrosome
KW - centriole
KW - Dictyostelium
KW - microtubules
KW - mitosis
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells7040032
SN - 2073-4409
VL - 7
IS - 4
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Gräf, Ralph
T1 - Comparative Biology of Centrosomal Structures in Eukaryotes
T2 - Cells
N2 - The centrosome is not only the largest and most sophisticated protein complex within a eukaryotic cell, in the light of evolution, it is also one of its most ancient organelles. This special issue of "Cells" features representatives of three main, structurally divergent centrosome types, i.e., centriole-containing centrosomes, yeast spindle pole bodies (SPBs), and amoebozoan nucleus-associated bodies (NABs). Here, I discuss their evolution and their key-functions in microtubule organization, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Furthermore, I provide a brief history of centrosome research and highlight recently emerged topics, such as the role of centrioles in ciliogenesis, the relationship of centrosomes and centriolar satellites, the integration of centrosomal structures into the nuclear envelope and the involvement of centrosomal components in non-centrosomal microtubule organization.
KW - centrosome
KW - centriole
KW - cilium
KW - basal body
KW - spindle pole body
KW - SPB
KW - nucleus-associated body
KW - NAB
KW - microtubules
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells7110202
SN - 2073-4409
VL - 7
IS - 11
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Grafe, Marianne
A1 - Hofmann, Phillip
A1 - Batsios, Petros
A1 - Meyer, Irene
A1 - Gräf, Ralph
T1 - In vivo assembly of a Dictyostelium lamin mutant induced by light, mechanical stress, and pH
JF - Cells
N2 - We expressed Dictyostelium lamin (NE81) lacking both a functional nuclear localization signal and a CAAX-box for C-terminal lipid modification. This lamin mutant assembled into supramolecular, three-dimensional clusters in the cytosol that disassembled at the onset of mitosis and re-assembled in late telophase, thus mimicking the behavior of the endogenous protein. As disassembly is regulated by CDK1-mediated phosphorylation at serine 122, we generated a phosphomimetic S122E mutant called GFP-NE81-S122E-∆NLS∆CLIM. Surprisingly, during imaging, the fusion protein assembled into cytosolic clusters, similar to the protein lacking the phosphomimetic mutation. Clusters disassembled again in the darkness. Assembly could be induced with blue but not green or near ultraviolet light, and it was independent of the fusion tag. Assembly similarly occurred upon cell flattening. Earlier reports and own observations suggested that both blue light and cell flattening could result in a decrease of intracellular pH. Indeed, keeping the cells at low pH also reversibly induced cluster formation. Our results indicate that lamin assembly can be induced by various stress factors and that these are transduced via intracellular acidification. Although these effects have been shown in a phosphomimetic CDK1 mutant of the Dictyostelium lamin, they are likely relevant also for wild-type lamin.
KW - lamin
KW - NE81
KW - Dictyostelium
KW - nuclear envelope
KW - nuclear lamina
Y1 - 2020
VL - 9
IS - 8
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Batsios, Petros
A1 - Gräf, Ralph
A1 - Koonce, Michael P.
A1 - Larochelle, Denis A.
A1 - Meyer, Irene
T1 - Nuclear envelope organization in Dictyostelium discoideum
JF - The international journal of developmental biology
N2 - The nuclear envelope consists of the outer and the inner nuclear membrane, the nuclear lamina and the nuclear pore complexes, which regulate nuclear import and export.The major constituent of the nuclear lamina of Dictyostelium is the lamin NE81. It can form filaments like B-type lamins and it interacts with Sun 1, as well as with the LEM/HeH-family protein Src1. Sun 1 and Src1 are nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins involved in the centrosome-nucleus connection and nuclear envelope stability at the nucleolar regions, respectively. In conjunction with a KASH-domain protein, Sun 1 usually forms a so-called LINC complex.Two proteins with functions reminiscent of KASH-domain proteins at the outer nuclear membrane of Dictyostelium are known; interaptin which serves as an actin connector and the kinesin Kif9 which plays a role in the microtubule-centrosome connector. However, both of these lack the conserved KASH-domain. The link of the centrosome to the nuclear envelope is essential for the insertion of the centrosome into the nuclear envelope and the appropriate spindle formation. Moreover, centrosome insertion is involved in perm eabilization of the mitotic nucleus, which ensures access of tubulin dimers and spindle assembly factors. Our recent progress in identifying key molecular players at the nuclear envelope of Dictyostelium promises further insights into the mechanisms of nuclear envelope dynamics.
KW - nuclear envelop
KW - Dictyostelium
KW - lamin
KW - NET
KW - centrosome
KW - centromere
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.190184rg
SN - 0214-6282
SN - 1696-3547
VL - 63
IS - 8-10
SP - 509
EP - 519
PB - UBC Pr
CY - Bilbao
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gräf, Ralph
A1 - Grafe, Marianne
A1 - Meyer, Irene
A1 - Mitic, Kristina
A1 - Pitzen, Valentin
T1 - The dictyostelium centrosome
JF - Cells : open access journal
N2 - The centrosome of Dictyostelium amoebae contains no centrioles and consists of a cylindrical layered core structure surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule-nucleating gamma-tubulin complexes. It is the major centrosomal model beyond animals and yeasts. Proteomics, protein interaction studies by BioID and superresolution microscopy methods led to considerable progress in our understanding of the composition, structure and function of this centrosome type. We discuss all currently known components of the Dictyostelium centrosome in comparison to other centrosomes of animals and yeasts.
KW - microtubule-organizing center
KW - microtubule-organization
KW - centrosome
KW - Dictyostelium
KW - mitosis
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102657
SN - 2073-4409
VL - 10
IS - 10
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wyrwa, Ulrich
T1 - Rezension zu: Brenner, Michael: Der lange Schatten der Revolution : Juden und Antisemiten in Hitlers München 1918 bis 1923. - Berlin: Jüdischer Verlag im Suhrkamp Verlag, 2019. - 300 S. - ISBN 978-3-633-54295-6
JF - Quest : Issues in Contemporary Jewish History ; journal of Fondazione CDEC
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.48248/issn.2037-741X/1842
SN - 2037-741X
IS - 17
SP - 222
EP - 225
PB - Fondazione Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea
CY - Milano
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krasotkina, Anna
A1 - Götz, Antonia
A1 - Höhle, Barbara
A1 - Schwarzer, Gudrun
T1 - Perceptual narrowing in speech and face recognition
BT - Evidence for intra-individual cross-domain relations
JF - Frontiers in psychology
N2 - During the first year of life, infants undergo perceptual narrowing in the domains of speech and face perception. This is typically characterized by improvements in infants' abilities in discriminating among stimuli of familiar types, such as native speech tones and same-race faces. Simultaneously, infants begin to decline in their ability to discriminate among stimuli of types with which they have little experience, such as nonnative tones and other-race faces. The similarity in time-frames during which perceptual narrowing seems to occur in the domains of speech and face perception has led some researchers to hypothesize that the perceptual narrowing in these domains could be driven by shared domain-general processes. To explore this hypothesis, we tested 53 Caucasian 9-month-old infants from monolingual German households on their ability to discriminate among non-native Cantonese speech tones, as well among same-race German faces and other-race Chinese faces. We tested the infants using an infant-controlled habituation-dishabituation paradigm, with infants' preferences for looking at novel stimuli versus the habituated stimuli (dishabituation scores) acting as indicators of discrimination ability. As expected for their age, infants were able to discriminate between same-race faces, but not between other-race faces or non-native speech tones. Most interestingly, we found that infants' dishabituation scores for the non-native speech tones and other-race faces showed significant positive correlations, while the dishabituation scores for non-native speech tones and same-race faces did not. These results therefore support the hypothesis that shared domain-general mechanisms may drive perceptual narrowing in the domains of speech and face perception.
KW - perceptual narrowing
KW - perceptual reorganization
KW - other-race effect
KW - face perception
KW - speech perception
KW - habituation
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01711
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schroedter, Linda
A1 - Schneider, Roland
A1 - Remus, Lisa
A1 - Venus, Joachim
T1 - L-(+)-lactic acid from reed
BT - comparing various resources for the nutrient provision of B. coagulans
JF - Resources
N2 - Biotechnological production of lactic acid (LA) is based on the so-called first generation feedstocks, meaning sugars derived from food and feed crops such as corn, sugarcane and cassava. The aim of this study was to exploit the potential of a second generation resource: Common reed (Phragmites australis) is a powerfully reproducing sweet grass which grows in wetlands and creates vast monocultural populations. This lignocellulose biomass bears the possibility to be refined to value-added products, without competing with agro industrial land. Besides utilizing reed as a renewable and inexpensive substrate, low-cost nutritional supplementation was analyzed for the fermentation of thermophilicBacilluscoagulans.Various nutritional sources such as baker's and brewer's yeast, lucerne green juice and tryptone were investigated for the replacement of yeast extract. The structure of the lignocellulosic material was tackled by chemical treatment (1% NaOH) and enzymatic hydrolysis (Cellic(R)CTec2).B.coagulansDSM ID 14-300 was employed for the homofermentative conversion of the released hexose and pentose sugars to polymerizable L-(+)-LA of over 99.5% optical purity. The addition of autolyzed baker's yeast led to the best results of fermentation, enabling an LA titer of 28.3 g L(-1)and a yield of 91.6%.
KW - lignocellulose
KW - reed
KW - Phragmites australis
KW - lactic acid
KW - Bacillus
KW - coagulans
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/resources9070089
SN - 2079-9276
VL - 9
IS - 7
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zagrebnov, Valentin
T1 - Trotter product formula on Hilbert and Banach spaces for operator-norm convergence
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471971
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
SP - 23
EP - 34
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zass, Alexander
T1 - A Gibbs point process of diffusions: Existence and uniqueness
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471951
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 13
EP - 22
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sukiasyan, Hayk
A1 - Melkonyan, Tatev
T1 - Semi-recursive algorithm of piecewise linear approximation of two-dimensional function by the method of worst segment dividing
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471982
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 35
EP - 44
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Boldrighini, Carlo
A1 - Frigio, Sandro
A1 - Maponi, Pierluigi
A1 - Pellegrinotti, Alessandro
A1 - Sinai, Yakov G.
T1 - 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Complex blow-up and related real flows
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472201
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 185
EP - 194
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Figari, Rodolfo
A1 - Teta, Alessandro
T1 - Zero-range hamiltonians for three quantum particles
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472189
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 175
EP - 184
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Houdebert, Pierre
T1 - Numerical study for the phase transition of the area-interaction model
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472177
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 165
EP - 174
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jansen, Sabine
A1 - Kuna, Tobias
A1 - Tsagkarogiannis, Dimitrios
T1 - Virial inversion for inhomogeneous systems
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472111
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 135
EP - 144
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hryniv, Ostap
A1 - Wallace, Clare
T1 - Phase separation and sharp large deviations
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472168
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 155
EP - 164
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jansen, Sabine
A1 - Kolesnikov, Leonid
T1 - Activity expansions for Gibbs correlation functions
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472121
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 145
EP - 154
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jansen, Sabine
A1 - Tsagkarogiannis, Dimitrios
T1 - Mayer expansion for the Asakura-Oosawa model of colloid theory
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472109
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 127
EP - 134
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Piatnitski, Andrey
A1 - Zhizhina, Elena
T1 - Non-local convolution type parabolic equations with fractional and regular time derivative
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472024
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 65
EP - 67
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jursenas, Rytis
T1 - The peak model for finite rank supersingular perturbations
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472090
IS - 6
SP - 117
EP - 126
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mazzonetto, Sara
T1 - On an approximation of 2-D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472053
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 87
EP - 96
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pechersky, Eugeny
A1 - Pirogov, Sergei
A1 - Yambartsev, Anatoly
T1 - Large emissions
BT - Hawking-Penrose black hole model
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472049
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 77
EP - 86
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Poghosyan, Suren
A1 - Zessin, Hans
T1 - Construction of limiting Gibbs processes and the uniqueness of Gibbs processes
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472015
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 55
EP - 64
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lykov, Alexander
A1 - Malyshev, Vadim
T1 - When bounded chaos becomes unbounded
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472060
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 97
EP - 106
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Khachatryan, Linda
A1 - Nahapetian, Boris
T1 - On direct and inverse problems in the description of lattice random fields
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472083
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 107
EP - 116
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rafler, Mathias
T1 - Pinned Gibbs processes
JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics
KW - random point processes
KW - statistical mechanics
KW - stochastic analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472007
SN - 978-3-86956-485-2
SN - 2199-4951
SN - 2199-496X
IS - 6
SP - 45
EP - 53
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Monika
T1 - Das Schutzgesuch des Moyses Samuel
BT - eine landesgeschichtliche Kommentierung
JF - Genisa Blätter III
KW - Genisa
KW - Jüdische Studien
KW - Geniza
KW - Jewish Studies
KW - Franken
KW - Landesgeschichte
KW - Ländliches Judentum
KW - Franconia
KW - Rural Jewry
KW - regional history
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470942
SN - 978-3-86956-470-8
SP - 59
EP - 65
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Monika
T1 - Moyses Samuel – ein Schutzjude in Westfalen und Reckendorf?
BT - einleitende Bemerkungen zu zwei Genisaquellen
JF - Genisa Blätter III
KW - Genisa
KW - Jüdische Studien
KW - Geniza
KW - Jewish Studies
KW - Franken
KW - Landesgeschichte
KW - Ländliches Judentum
KW - Franconia
KW - Rural Jewry
KW - regional history
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470921
SN - 978-3-86956-470-8
SP - 41
EP - 41
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper
A1 - Haarmann, Esther
A1 - Savaskan, Nicolai
T1 - Experimental evidence on improving COVID-19 vaccine outreach among migrant communities on social media
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Studies from several countries suggest that COVID-19 vaccination rates are lower among migrants compared to the general population. Urgent calls have been made to improve vaccine outreach to migrants, however, there is limited evidence on effective approaches, especially using social media. We assessed a targeted, low-cost, Facebook campaign disseminating COVID-19 vaccine information among Arabic, Turkish and Russian speakers in Germany (N = 888,994). As part of the campaign, we conducted two randomized, online experiments to assess the impact of the advertisement (1) language and (2) depicted messenger (government authority, religious leader, doctor or family). Key outcomes included reach, click-through rates, conversion rates and cost-effectiveness. Within 29 days, the campaign reached 890 thousand Facebook users. On average, 2.3 individuals accessed the advertised COVID-19 vaccination appointment tool for every euro spent on the campaign. Migrants were 2.4 (Arabic), 1.8 (Russian) and 1.2 (Turkish) times more likely to click on advertisements translated to their native language compared to German-language advertisements. Furthermore, findings showed that government representatives can be more successful in engaging migrants online compared to other messengers, despite common claims of lower trust in government institutions among migrants. This study highlights the potential of tailored, and translated, vaccination campaigns on social media for reaching migrants who may be left out by traditional media campaigns.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20340-2
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 12
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Keskin, Cem
T1 - On the directionality of the Balkan Turkic verb phrase
BT - Variationist and theoretical perspectives
JF - Languages
N2 - Balkan varieties of Turkic, particularly those on the periphery of the Turkic spread area in the region, such as Gagauz and West Rumelian Turkish, are commonly observed to have head-initial verb phrases. Based on a wide survey, this paper attempts a more precise description of the pattern of VP directionality across Balkan Turkic and shows that there is considerable variation in how prevalent VX order is, a pattern that turns out to be more complex than the previous descriptions suggest: Two spectrums of directionality can be discerned between XV and VX orders, contingent upon type of the dependent of the verb and dialect locale. The paper also explores the grammatical causes underlying this shift in constituent order. First, VX order seems to be dependent upon whether a clause is nominal or not. Nonfinite clauses of the nominal type have XV order across Balkan Turkic, while finite clauses and nonfinite clauses of the converbial type show differing degrees of VX order depending on type of dependent and geographical location. Second, VX order appears to be an outcome of verb movement to the left of the dependent in finite clauses and nonfinite clauses of the converbial type, rather than head parameter shift.
KW - Balkan Turkic
KW - Rumelian Turkic
KW - OV–VO
KW - verb phrase
KW - head directionality
KW - nominalization
KW - verb movement
KW - head parameter
KW - word order variation
KW - microvariation
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8010002
SN - 2226-471X
VL - 8
IS - 1
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel, Schweiz
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Dödtmann, Eik
T1 - Exil oder Heimat?
T1 - Exile or home?
BT - Die Immigration und Integration der polnischen Juden von 1968 in Israel ; eine qualitative Fallstudie auf Basis von Interviewanalysen
BT - The immigration and integration of Polish Jews of 1968 in Israel ; a qualitative case study on the basis of interview analyses
T2 - Pri ha-Pardes
N2 - Die Volksrepublik Polen befand sich Ende der 1960er Jahre in einer wirtschaftlichen und innenpolitischen Krise. Das Regime in Warschau nahm den Sechs-Tage-Krieg zwischen Israel und den arabischen Staaten des Jahres 1967 zum Anlass, ein Exempel an den wenigen Zehntausend nach der Schoah im Land verbliebenen Juden zu statuieren und sie als politische Sündenböcke zu brandmarken. Über 3000 polnische Juden wählten in Folge der offiziell lancierten „Antizionistischen Kampagne“ Israel als neues Heimatland. Dort trafen sie auf eine Gesellschaft, die in zahllose Konflikte verstrickt war: den Krieg gegen die benachbarten arabischen Staaten, der Okkupation der Palästinensergebiete und den innenpolitischen Spannungen zwischen europäischen und orientalischen, religiösen und säkularen Juden. Neben einer historischen Einordnung der Migration nimmt der Autor auch deren Analyse unter migrationspsychologischen Aspekten vor. Die beschriebenen Erfahrungen werden im beiliegenden Dokumentarfilm „There Is No Return To Egypt“ veranschaulicht, in dem Zeitzeugen dieser sogenannten 1968er-Migration in ihrem heutigen Lebensumfeld in Israel zu Wort kommen.
N2 - At the end of the 1960s the Peoples Republic of Poland was plunged into an economical and domestic political crisis. In the light of the Six-Days-War of 1967 between Israel and the Arab states the regime in Warsaw took this war as an occassion to make an example of the few tens of thousands of Polish Jews, who had remained in the country after the Shoah, and to cast them as political scapegoats. As a result of an officially launched "anti-Zionist campaign", more than 3.000 Polish Jews left Poland and chose Israel as their new homeland. There they encountered a society entangled in numerous conflicts: the war against the neighboring Arab states, the occupation of the Palestinian territories and the domestic tensions between European and oriental, secular and religious Jews. In this work, the author gives a historical and sociological ovierview and classification of the migration of Polish Jews to Israel. He also analyzes the psycholigical aspects of this migration. The migration experiences of several protagonists and their integration into the Israeli society of the 21st century are visualized in the attached documentary "There Is No Return To Egypt".
T3 - Pri ha-Pardes - 8
KW - Israel
KW - Polnische Juden
KW - Migration
KW - 1968
KW - Antisemitismus
KW - Israel
KW - Polish Jews
KW - migration
KW - 1968
KW - antisemitism
Y1 - 2013
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65721
SN - 978-3-86956-249-0
SN - 1863-7442
SN - 2191-4540
IS - 8
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Adreeva, Anna
T1 - Frauenfilmdramaturgie im Russischen Kaiserreich der 1910er Jahre
BT - Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe
JF - Apparatus
N2 - Im Artikel werden von Frauen verfasste Filmdrehbücher der 1910er Jahre im Russischen Kaiserreich chronologisch untersucht. Zunächst werden die ersten Drehbuchautorinnen Makarova und Tat’jana Suchotina-Tolstaja, die am Anfang der 1910er Jahre in Koautorschaft mit den bekannten Autoren (Makarova mit den Regisseur Vladimir Gončarov; Suchotina-Tolstaja mit ihrem Vater Leo Tolstoj) arbeiteten, und ihre Filme in Betracht gezogen. Dann wird der Film Ključi sčastʹja / Schlüssel zum Glück (Vladimir Gardin, Jakov Protazanov, 1913, Russisches Kaiserreich) nach dem Roman von Anastasija Verbickaja näher behandelt. Verbickajas Film demonstrierte, dass eine Drehbuchautorin eine selbständige Autorin sein kann und diente als Impuls für die Entwicklung der Frauenfilmdramaturgie im Russischen Kaiserreich, deren Aufschwung in der zweiten Hälfte der 1910er Jahre begann, und prägte bestimmte Erwartungen von auf weiblichen Drehbüchern basierenden Filmen. Maria Kallaš, die an den Drehbüchern zu den Verfilmungen des russischen literarischen Kanons 1913 arbeitete, kritisierte Verbickajas Text als pseudofeministisch und behauptete in ihrem Essay „Ženskie kabare“ („Frauenkabarett“), dass Frauenliteratur noch „keine eigene Sprache“ habe (1916). Anna Mar begann ihre Arbeit im Kino 1914, parallel zu Verbiсkajas Nachfolgerinnen, und konzentrierte sich in ihren Filmen auf die soziale Problematik – die Stellung moderner Frauen in der Gesellschaft. Damit eröffnete Mar eine neue Entwicklungsperspektive für das weibliche Drehbuchschreiben.
N2 - This article provides a chronological examination of women’s screenwriting in the 1910s in the Russian Empire. The first women screenwriters, Makarova and Tat’iana Suchotina-Tolstaia, worked in the early 1910s as co-authors with popular men writers (Makarova with the director Vladimir Goncharov and Sukhotina-Tolstaia with her father Lev Tolstoi). The film Kliuchi schast’ia / The Keys to Happiness (Vladimir Gardin, Iakov Protazanov, 1913, Russian Empire), based on Anastasiia Verbitskaia’s novel of the same title, proved that a woman screenwriter could be an independent author, influencing the development of women’s screenwriting in the Russian Empire, which took off in the second half of the 1910s, creating certain expectations for films written by women. Mariia Kallash, who worked on the screenplays for film adaptations of the Russian literary canon in 1913, criticised Verbitskaia’s text for its pseudo-feminism and claimed, in her essay “Women’s Cabaret”, that women’s literature still “did not have its own language” (1916). Anna Mar wrote for the screen in the second half of the 1910s, at the same time as Verbitskaia’s successors. In Mar’s screenplays, she focused on social problems and particularly on women’s position in modern society, suggesting a different perspective for women’s screenwriting in the Russian Empire.
N2 - В настоящей статье речь пойдет о женской кинодраматургии 1910-х гг. в Российской империи. Сперва мы восстановим творческую судьбу первых сценаристок Макаровой и Татьяны Сухотиной-Толстой, которые работали в соавторстве с известными -авторами-мужчинами (Макарова – с режиссером Владимиром Гончаровым; Сухотина-Толстая – со своим отцом Львом Толстым) на рубеже 1910-х гг. Затем подробнее остановимся на фильме Ключи счастья (Владимир Гардин, Яков Протазанов, 1913, Российская империя) по одноименному роману Анастасии Вербицкой, которая считается автором сценария картины. Фильм Ключи счастья показал, что женщина может быть независимым автором, послужил толчком к развитию женской драматургии в Российской империи, подъем которой начался во второй половине 1910-х гг., и сформировал определенные ожидания от фильмов по сценариям, написанными авторами-женщинами. Мария Каллаш, автор экранизаций текстов русской литературы, раскритиковала роман Вербицкой за псевдофеминизм и в эссе «Женские кабаре» заявила, что женская литература до сих пор «не имеет своего собственного языка» (1916). Анна Мар пришла в кино в 1914 году одновременно с преемниками Вербицкой и сосредоточилась в своих фильмах на социальной проблематике, а именно – на положении современных женщин в обществе. Тем самым Мар предложила новую перспективу для развития женского киносценария.
T2 - Women’s Screenwriting of the 1910s in the Russian Empire
T2 - Женская кинодраматургия в Российской империи 1910-х годов
KW - Anastasija Verbickaja
KW - Maria Kallaš
KW - Anna Mar
KW - Rovdo
KW - Antalek
KW - Russisches Kaiserreich
KW - frühes russländisches Kino
KW - Frauenfilmdramaturgie
KW - Frauenliteratur
KW - Feminismus
KW - Drehbuch
KW - Анастасия Вербицкая
KW - Мария Каллаш
KW - Анна Мар
KW - Ровдо
KW - Анталек
KW - Российская империя
KW - раннее российское кино
KW - женская кинодраматургия
KW - женская литература
KW - феминизм
KW - feminism
KW - women’s literature
KW - women’s screenwriting
KW - early cinema in the Russian Empire
KW - Russian Empire
KW - Antalek
KW - Rovdo
KW - Anna Mar
KW - Mariia Kallash
KW - Anastasiia Verbitskaia
KW - screenplays
KW - scripts
KW - сценарий
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.17892/app.2022.00015.270
SN - 2365-7758
VL - 13
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Al Laban, Firas
A1 - Reger, Martin
A1 - Lucke, Ulrike
T1 - Closing the Policy Gap in the Academic Bridge
JF - Education sciences
N2 - The highly structured nature of the educational sector demands effective policy mechanisms close to the needs of the field. That is why evidence-based policy making, endorsed by the European Commission under Erasmus+ Key Action 3, aims to make an alignment between the domains of policy and practice. Against this background, this article addresses two issues: First, that there is a vertical gap in the translation of higher-level policies to local strategies and regulations. Second, that there is a horizontal gap between educational domains regarding the policy awareness of individual players. This was analyzed in quantitative and qualitative studies with domain experts from the fields of virtual mobility and teacher training. From our findings, we argue that the combination of both gaps puts the academic bridge from secondary to tertiary education at risk, including the associated knowledge proficiency levels. We discuss the role of digitalization in the academic bridge by asking the question: which value does the involved stakeholders expect from educational policies? As a theoretical basis, we rely on the model of value co-creation for and by stakeholders. We describe the used instruments along with the obtained results and proposed benefits. Moreover, we reflect on the methodology applied, and we finally derive recommendations for future academic bridge policies.
KW - policy evaluation
KW - higher education
KW - virtual mobility
KW - teacher training
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12120930
SN - 2227-7102
VL - 12
IS - 12
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yang, Jingdan
A1 - Kim, Jae-Hyun
A1 - Tuomainen, Outi
A1 - Rattanasone, Nan Xu
T1 - Bilingual Mandarin-English preschoolers’ spoken narrative skills and contributing factors
BT - A remote online story-retell study
JF - Frontiers in Psyhology
N2 - This study examined the spoken narrative skills of a group of bilingual Mandarin–English speaking 3–6-year-olds (N = 25) in Australia, using a remote online story-retell task. Bilingual preschoolers are an understudied population, especially those who are speaking typologically distinct languages such as Mandarin and English which have fewer structural overlaps compared to language pairs that are typologically closer, reducing cross-linguistic positive transfer. We examined these preschoolers’ spoken narrative skills as measured by macrostructures (the global organization of a story) and microstructures (linguistic structures, e.g., total number of utterances, nouns, verbs, phrases, and modifiers) across and within each language, and how various factors such as age and language experiences contribute to individual variability. The results indicate that our bilingual preschoolers acquired spoken narrative skills similarly across their two languages, i.e., showing similar patterns of productivity for macrostructure and microstructure elements in both of their two languages. While chronological age was positively correlated with macrostructures in both languages (showing developmental effects), there were no significant correlations between measures of language experiences and the measures of spoken narrative skills (no effects for language input/output). The findings suggest that although these preschoolers acquire two typologically diverse languages in different learning environments, Mandarin at home with highly educated parents, and English at preschool, they displayed similar levels of oral narrative skills as far as these macro−/micro-structure measures are concerned. This study provides further evidence for the feasibility of remote online assessment of preschoolers’ narrative skills.
KW - narrative skills
KW - Mandarin-English bilinguals
KW - preschoolers
KW - macrostructure
KW - microstructure
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.797602
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers Media SA
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Joseph, May
A1 - Varino, Sofia
T1 - Multidirectional Thalassology
BT - Comparative ecologies between the Venetian Lagoon and the Indian Ocean
JF - Shima : the international journal of research into Island cultures / Island Cultures Research Centre (ICRC)
N2 - This article merges discourses from Indian Ocean studies, Island Studies, performance art and decolonial methodologies to offer interdisciplinary ways of thinking about La Serenissima and its navigational histories. It is a transdisciplinary speculative entry, part empirical, part analytical, part applied phenomenology. We write this as a collaboration between two members of the Harmattan Theater company, a New York City based environmental performance ensemble applying environmental theory to site-specific performances engaging oceans and islands. The article is driven by the following research questions: What are the historic relationalities between the Venice lagoon and the Indian Ocean? How has the acqua alto flooding of Venice, accompanied by the mnemonic histories of the Venetian lagoon, impacted understandings of lagoon cultures in the global South, particularly the Malabar Coast of South Asia? This question has propelled the artistic and academic research of May Joseph and Sofia Varino across environmental history, island studies and performance. Drawing on histories of Venetian navigation and lagoon culture, Joseph and Varino propose a comparative lagoon aesthetics, one that would link two archipelagic regions, the Venetian Lagoon and the extended archipelagic region of the Laccadive Sea of India. While we believe a contemporary archipelagic study connecting these two regions does not currently exist, the historical archives suggest otherwise. We draw on the Venetian Camaldolese monk and cartographer Fra Mauro's Mappa Mundi from the 15th Century to initiate this comparative dialogue between North/Southisland ecologies, seafaring histories and ocean futures affected by climate change and rising sea levels. This research is part of a book that Joseph and Varino are co-writing on islands, archipelagos, coastal regions and climate change, drawing on a ten-year collaboration working with large-scale site-specific environmental performance as research, activism and embodied phenomenology.
KW - Indian Ocean
KW - South Asia
KW - Venetian lagoons
KW - islands
KW - maritime history
KW - decolonial performance
KW - ecology
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.21463/shima.118
SN - 1834-6049
SN - 1834-6057
VL - 15
IS - 1
SP - 256
EP - 272
PB - ICRC
CY - Sydney
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Haratsch, Andreas
T1 - Die Geschichte der Menschenrechte
T3 - Studien zu Grund- und Menschenrechten
N2 - Menschenrechte lassen sich begreifen als Antworten auf exemplarische Unrechtserfahrungen, und ihr Grundanliegen ist es, die natürliche Freiheit des Menschen gegenüber ungerechtfertigten Beschränkungen durch die von Staaten und heute auch von supranationalen Organisationen ausgeübte Hoheitsgewalt zu schützen. Sie sind somit nicht nur elementare Rechtsverbürgungen. Sie künden auch von der Rolle des Individuums in der Gemeinschaft, und in ihnen spiegelt sich die Vorstellung vom Staat. Menschenrechte gelten als Errungenschaft der Neuzeit. Die geistesgeschichtlichen Wurzeln dieser mit der Natur des Menschen untrennbar verknüpften Rechte reichen jedoch weit zurück. Das vorliegende Werk zeichnet die historische Entwicklung der Menschenrechte von der Antike bis in die heutige Zeit nach.
T3 - Studien zu Grund- und Menschenrechten - 7
KW - Geschichte
KW - Menschenrechte
KW - Recht
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-479883
SN - 978-3-86956-499-9
SN - 1435-9154
N1 - Andreas Haratsch ist Professor an der FernUniversität in Hagen. Er ist dort Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Deutsches und Europäisches Verfassungs- und Verwaltungsrecht sowie Völkerrecht und Direktor des Dimitris-Tsatsos-Instituts für Europäische Verfassungswissenschaften.
IS - 7
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ET - 5. Auflage
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Orland, Andreas
A1 - Padubrin, Max
T1 - Is there a gender hiring gap in academic economics? Evidence from a network analysis
JF - Royal Society Open Science
N2 - We collect a network dataset of tenured economics faculty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We rank the 100 institutions included with a minimum violation ranking. This ranking is positively and significantly correlated with the Times Higher Education ranking of economics institutions. According to the network ranking, individuals on average go down about 23 ranks from their doctoral institution to their employing institution. While the share of females in our dataset is only 15%, we do not observe a significant gender hiring gap (a difference in rank changes between male and female faculty). We conduct a robustness check with the Handelsblatt and the Times Higher Education ranking. According to these rankings, individuals on average go down only about two ranks. We do not observe a significant gender hiring gap using these two rankings (although the dataset underlying this analysis is small and these estimates are likely to be noisy). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the network ranking in our context.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210717
SN - 2054-5703
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Royal Society of London
CY - London
ET - 2
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Herold, Fabian
A1 - Labott, Berit K.
A1 - Grässler, Bernhard
A1 - Halfpaap, Nicole
A1 - Langhans, Corinna
A1 - Müller, Patrick
A1 - Ammar, Achraf
A1 - Dordevic, Milos
A1 - Hökelmann, Anita
A1 - Müller, Notger Germar
T1 - A Link between Handgrip Strength and Executive Functioning: A Cross-Sectional Study in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Controls
JF - Healthcare : open access journal
N2 - Older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who in addition to their memory deficits also suffer from frontal-executive dysfunctions have a higher risk of developing dementia later in their lives than older adults with aMCI without executive deficits and older adults with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). Handgrip strength (HGS) is also correlated with the risk of cognitive decline in the elderly. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the associations between HGS and executive functioning in individuals with aMCI, naMCI and healthy controls. Older, right-handed adults with amnestic MCI (aMCI), non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), and healthy controls (HC) conducted a handgrip strength measurement via a handheld dynamometer. Executive functions were assessed with the Trail Making Test (TMT A&B). Normalized handgrip strength (nHGS, normalized to Body Mass Index (BMI)) was calculated and its associations with executive functions (operationalized through z-scores of TMT B/A ratio) were investigated through partial correlation analyses (i.e., accounting for age, sex, and severity of depressive symptoms). A positive and low-to-moderate correlation between right nHGS (rp (22) = 0.364; p = 0.063) and left nHGS (rp (22) = 0.420; p = 0.037) and executive functioning in older adults with aMCI but not in naMCI or HC was observed. Our results suggest that higher levels of nHGS are linked to better executive functioning in aMCI but not naMCI and HC. This relationship is perhaps driven by alterations in the integrity of the hippocampal-prefrontal network occurring in older adults with aMCI. Further research is needed to provide empirical evidence for this assumption.
KW - MCI
KW - hippocampal-prefrontal network
KW - handgrip strength
KW - exercise cognition
KW - aging
KW - brain health
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020230
SN - 2227-9032
VL - 10
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel, Schweiz
ET - 2
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yarman, Aysu
A1 - Jetzschmann, Katharina J.
A1 - Neumann, Bettina
A1 - Zhang, Xiaorong
A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla
A1 - Cordin, Aude
A1 - Haupt, Karsten
A1 - Scheller, Frieder W.
T1 - Enzymes as Tools in MIP-Sensors
JF - Chemosensors
N2 - Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have the potential to complement antibodies in bioanalysis, are more stable under harsh conditions, and are potentially cheaper to produce. However, the affinity and especially the selectivity of MIPs are in general lower than those of their biological pendants. Enzymes are useful tools for the preparation of MIPs for both low and high-molecular weight targets: As a green alternative to the well-established methods of chemical polymerization, enzyme-initiated polymerization has been introduced and the removal of protein templates by proteases has been successfully applied. Furthermore, MIPs have been coupled with enzymes in order to enhance the analytical performance of biomimetic sensors: Enzymes have been used in MIP-sensors as tracers for the generation and amplification of the measuring signal. In addition, enzymatic pretreatment of an analyte can extend the analyte spectrum and eliminate interferences.
KW - enzymatic MIP synthesis
KW - template digestion
KW - enzyme tracer
KW - enzymatic analyte conversion
KW - molecularly imprinted polymers
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors5020011
SN - 2227-9040
VL - 5
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Thomas, Jessica E.
A1 - Carvalho, Gary R.
A1 - Haile, James
A1 - Martin, Michael D.
A1 - Castruita, Jose A. Samaniego
A1 - Niemann, Jonas
A1 - Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.
A1 - Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela
A1 - Rawlence, Nicolas J.
A1 - Fuller, Errol
A1 - Fjeldsa, Jon
A1 - Hofreiter, Michael
A1 - Stewart, John R.
A1 - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
A1 - Knapp, Michael
T1 - An ‛Aukward’ tale
BT - a genetic approach to discover the whereabouts of the Last Great Auks
JF - Genes
N2 - One hundred and seventy-three years ago, the last two Great Auks, Pinguinus impennis, ever reliably seen were killed. Their internal organs can be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, but the location of their skins has remained a mystery. In 1999, Great Auk expert Errol Fuller proposed a list of five potential candidate skins in museums around the world. Here we take a palaeogenomic approach to test which—if any—of Fuller’s candidate skins likely belong to either of the two birds. Using mitochondrial genomes from the five candidate birds (housed in museums in Bremen, Brussels, Kiel, Los Angeles, and Oldenburg) and the organs of the last two known individuals, we partially solve the mystery that has been on Great Auk scholars’ minds for generations and make new suggestions as to the whereabouts of the still-missing skin from these two birds.
KW - ancient DNA
KW - extinct birds
KW - mitochondrial genome
KW - museum specimens
KW - palaeogenomics
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/genes8060164
SN - 2073-4425
VL - 8
IS - 6
SP - 164
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
A1 - Bahr, André
A1 - Stepanek, Christian
A1 - Catunda, Maria Carolina Amorim
A1 - Karas, Cyrus
A1 - Ziegler, Martin
A1 - García-Gallardo, Ángela
A1 - Grunert, Patrick
T1 - Mediterranean heat injection to the North Atlantic delayed the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations
JF - Communications Earth & Environment
N2 - The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations at the end of the Pliocene epoch marks one of the most substantial climatic shifts of the Cenozoic. Despite global cooling, sea surface temperatures in the high latitude North Atlantic Ocean rose between 2.9–2.7 million years ago. Here we present sedimentary geochemical proxy data from the Gulf of Cadiz to reconstruct the variability of Mediterranean Outflow Water, an important heat source to the North Atlantic. We find evidence for enhanced production of Mediterranean Outflow from the mid-Pliocene to the late Pliocene which we infer could have driven a sub-surface heat channel into the high-latitude North Atlantic. We then use Earth System Models to constrain the impact of enhanced Mediterranean Outflow production on the northward heat transport in the North Atlantic. In accord with the proxy data, the numerical model results support the formation of a sub-surface channel that pumped heat from the subtropics into the high latitude North Atlantic. We further suggest that this mechanism could have delayed ice sheet growth at the end of the Pliocene.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00232-5
SN - 2662-4435
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gisder, Sebastian
A1 - Schüler, Vivian
A1 - Horchler, Lennart L.
A1 - Groth, Detlef
A1 - Genersch, Elke
T1 - Long-Term Temporal Trends of Nosema spp. Infection Prevalence in Northeast Germany
BT - Continuous Spread of Nosema ceranae, an Emerging Pathogen of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera), but No General Replacement of Nosema apis
JF - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
N2 - The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) is widely used as commercial pollinator in worldwide agriculture and, therefore, plays an important role in global food security. Among the parasites and pathogens threatening health and survival of honey bees are two species of microsporidia, Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Nosema ceranae is considered an emerging pathogen of the Western honey bee. Reports on the spread of N. ceranae suggested that this presumably highly virulent species is replacing its more benign congener N. apis in the global A. mellifera population. We here present a 12 year longitudinal cohort study on the prevalence of N. apis and N. ceranae in Northeast Germany. Between 2005 and 2016, a cohort of about 230 honey bee colonies originating from 23 apiaries was sampled twice a year (spring and autumn) resulting in a total of 5,600 bee samples which were subjected to microscopic and molecular analysis for determining the presence of infections with N. apis or/and N. ceranae. Throughout the entire study period, both N. apis- and N. ceranae-infections could be diagnosed within the cohort. Logistic regression analysis of the prevalence data demonstrated a significant increase of N. ceranae-infections over the last 12 years, both in autumn (reflecting the development during the summer) and in spring (reflecting the development over winter) samples. Cell culture experiments confirmed that N. ceranae has a higher proliferative potential than N. apis at 27. and 33 degrees C potentially explaining the increase in N. ceranae prevalence during summer. In autumn, characterized by generally low infection prevalence, this increase was accompanied by a significant decrease in N. apis- infection prevalence. In contrast, in spring, the season with a higher prevalence of infection, no significant decrease of N. apis infections despite a significant increase in N. ceranae infections could be observed. Therefore, our data do not support a general advantage of N. ceranae over N. apis and an overall replacement of N. apis by N. ceranae in the studied honey bee population.
KW - honey bee
KW - Apis mellifera
KW - Nosema spp.
KW - epidemiology
KW - replacement
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00301
SN - 2235-2988
VL - 7
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1 - Holzmeier, Fabian
A1 - Wagner, Isabella
A1 - Berrah, Nora
A1 - Bostedt, Christoph
A1 - Bozek, John
A1 - Bucksbaum, Phil
A1 - Coffee, Ryan
A1 - Cryan, James
A1 - Farrell, Joe
A1 - Feifel, Raimund
A1 - Martinez, Todd J.
A1 - McFarland, Brian
A1 - Mucke, Melanie
A1 - Nandi, Saikat
A1 - Tarantelli, Francesco
A1 - Fischer, Ingo
A1 - Gühr, Markus
T1 - Observing Femtosecond Fragmentation Using Ultrafast X-ray-Induced Auger Spectra
JF - Applied sciences
N2 - Molecules often fragment after photoionization in the gas phase. Usually, this process can only be investigated spectroscopically as long as there exists electron correlation between the photofragments. Important parameters, like their kinetic energy after separation, cannot be investigated. We are reporting on a femtosecond time-resolved Auger electron spectroscopy study concerning the photofragmentation dynamics of thymine. We observe the appearance of clearly distinguishable signatures from thymines neutral photofragment isocyanic acid. Furthermore, we observe a time-dependent shift of its spectrum, which we can attribute to the influence of the charged fragment on the Auger electron. This allows us to map our time-dependent dataset onto the fragmentation coordinate. The time dependence of the shift supports efficient transformation of the excess energy gained from photoionization into kinetic energy of the fragments. Our method is broadly applicable to the investigation of photofragmentation processes.
KW - ultrafast dynamics
KW - Auger electron spectroscopy
KW - photofragmentation
KW - photochemistry
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app7070681
SN - 2076-3417
VL - 7
IS - 7
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tötzke, Christian
A1 - Cermak, Jan
A1 - Nadezhdina, Nadezhda
A1 - Tributsch, Helmut
T1 - Electrochemical in-situ studies of solar mediated oxygen transport and turnover dynamics in a tree trunk of Tilia cordata
JF - iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry
N2 - Platinum electrodes were implanted into the xylem of a lime tree (Tilia cordata) stem and solar- induced electrochemical potential differences of up to 120 mV were measured during the vegetative period and up to 30 mV in winter. The time dependent curves were found to be delayed with respect to solar radiation, sap flow activity, temperature and vapor pressure deficit. A general equation for the potential difference was derived and simplified by analyzing the effect of temperature and tensile strength. The potential determining influence of oxygen concentration on the respective location of the platinum electrode was identified as the principal phenomenon measured. A systematic analysis and investigation of the observed periodic oxygen concentration signals promises new information on sap flow, oxygen diffusion through tree tissues and on oxygen consumption related to the energy turnover in tree tissues.
KW - Tree Stems
KW - Oxygen Transport
KW - Xylem
KW - Sap Flow
KW - Tree Metabolism
KW - Electrical Potential
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1681-010
SN - 1971-7458
VL - 10
IS - 2
SP - 355
EP - 361
PB - SISEF - The Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology
CY - Potenza
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Godess-Riccitelli, Moran
T1 - The final end of imagination
BT - On the relationship between moral ideal and reflectivity in Immanuel Kant’s Critique of the Power of Judgment
JF - Filosofia unisinos
N2 - One main quandary that emerges in the context of Immanuel Kant’s moral ideal, The Highest Good, is that on the one hand Kant sets it as a moral demand, that is, as a principle that must be comprehended as an attainable end for man in practice while, on the other hand, it is set as a moral ideal, i.e. as something that cannot be concretized and realized within the empirical world. The main goal of this paper is to argue for the realizability of the moral ideal by means of the principle of reflective judgment as a form of judgment that in fact clarifies human limitation. I assert that the very recognition of this limitation constitutes the possibility for hope in that ideal, or for striving towards it, and that this striving is the only way that the moral ideal can be concretized. I examine man’s recognition of self-limitation as a response to the moral demand to realize the moral ideal and the necessity of the power of imagination for this, used reflectively.
KW - culture
KW - final end
KW - Highest Good
KW - hope
KW - imagination
KW - Kant
KW - moral ideal reflective judgment
KW - ultimate end
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4013/fsu.2017.182.05
SN - 1519-5023
SN - 1984-8234
VL - 18
IS - 2
SP - 107
EP - 115
PB - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos
CY - São Leopoldo
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rethfeldt, Nina
A1 - Brinkmann, Pia
A1 - Riebe, Daniel
A1 - Beitz, Toralf
A1 - Köllner, Nicole
A1 - Altenberger, Uwe
A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd
T1 - Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS
JF - Minerals
N2 - The numerous applications of rare earth elements (REE) has lead to a growing global demand and to the search for new REE deposits. One promising technique for exploration of these deposits is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Among a number of advantages of the technique is the possibility to perform on-site measurements without sample preparation. Since the exploration of a deposit is based on the analysis of various geological compartments of the surrounding area, REE-bearing rock and soil samples were analyzed in this work. The field samples are from three European REE deposits in Sweden and Norway. The focus is on the REE cerium, lanthanum, neodymium and yttrium. Two different approaches of data analysis were used for the evaluation. The first approach is univariate regression (UVR). While this approach was successful for the analysis of synthetic REE samples, the quantitative analysis of field samples from different sites was influenced by matrix effects. Principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to determine the origin of the samples from the three deposits. The second approach is based on multivariate regression methods, in particular interval PLS (iPLS) regression. In comparison to UVR, this method is better suited for the determination of REE contents in heterogeneous field samples. View Full-Text
KW - LIBS
KW - rare earth elements
KW - minerals
KW - PCA
KW - iPLS regression
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/min11121379
SN - 2075-163X
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 17
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Pinho Tavares Leal, Pedro Ernesto
A1 - da Silva, Alexandre Alves
A1 - Rocha-Gomes, Arthur
A1 - Riul, Tania Regina
A1 - Cunha, Rennan Augusto
A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph
A1 - Villela, Daniel Campos
T1 - High-Salt Diet in the Pre- and Postweaning Periods Leads to Amygdala Oxidative Stress and Changes in Locomotion and Anxiety-Like Behaviors of Male Wistar Rats
JF - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
N2 - High-salt (HS) diets have recently been linked to oxidative stress in the brain, a fact that may be a precursor to behavioral changes, such as those involving anxiety-like behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the amygdala redox status after consuming a HS diet in the pre- or postweaning periods. This study aimed to evaluate the amygdala redox status and anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood, after inclusion of HS diet in two periods: preconception, gestation, and lactation (preweaning); and only after weaning (postweaning). Initially, 18 females and 9 male Wistar rats received a standard (n = 9 females and 4 males) or a HS diet (n = 9 females and 5 males) for 120 days. After mating, females continued to receive the aforementioned diets during gestation and lactation. Weaning occurred at 21-day-old Wistar rats and the male offspring were subdivided: control-control (C-C)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), control-HS (C-HS)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11), HS-C—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), and HS-HS—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11). At adulthood, the male offspring performed the elevated plus maze and open field tests. At 152-day-old Wistar rats, the offspring were euthanized and the amygdala was removed for redox state analysis. The HS-HS group showed higher locomotion and rearing frequency in the open field test. These results indicate that this group developed hyperactivity. The C-HS group had a higher ratio of entries and time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test in addition to a higher head-dipping frequency. These results suggest less anxiety-like behaviors. In the analysis of the redox state, less activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the amygdala were shown in the amygdala of animals that received a high-salt diet regardless of the period (pre- or postweaning). In conclusion, the high-salt diet promoted hyperactivity when administered in the pre- and postweaning periods. In animals that received only in the postweaning period, the addition of salt induced a reduction in anxiety-like behaviors. Also, regardless of the period, salt provided amygdala oxidative stress, which may be linked to the observed behaviors.
KW - high-sodium
KW - open-field
KW - elevated plus-maze
KW - pre-natal
KW - post-natal
KW - redox state
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.779080
SN - 1662-5153
VL - 15
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Vogel, Johannes
A1 - Paton, Eva Nora
A1 - Aich, Valentin
T1 - Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean
JF - Biogeosciences
N2 - Mediterranean ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change and the associated increase in climate anomalies. This study investigates extreme ecosystem responses evoked by climatic drivers in the Mediterranean Basin for the time span 1999–2019 with a specific focus on seasonal variations as the seasonal timing of climatic anomalies is considered essential for impact and vulnerability assessment. A bivariate vulnerability analysis is performed for each month of the year to quantify which combinations of the drivers temperature (obtained from ERA5-Land) and soil moisture (obtained from ESA CCI and ERA5-Land) lead to extreme reductions in ecosystem productivity using the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR; obtained from the Copernicus Global Land Service) as a proxy.
The bivariate analysis clearly showed that, in many cases, it is not just one but a combination of both drivers that causes ecosystem vulnerability. The overall pattern shows that Mediterranean ecosystems are prone to three soil moisture regimes during the yearly cycle: they are vulnerable to hot and dry conditions from May to July, to cold and dry conditions from August to October, and to cold conditions from November to April, illustrating the shift from a soil-moisture-limited regime in summer to an energy-limited regime in winter. In late spring, a month with significant vulnerability to hot conditions only often precedes the next stage of vulnerability to both hot and dry conditions, suggesting that high temperatures lead to critically low soil moisture levels with a certain time lag. In the eastern Mediterranean, the period of vulnerability to hot and dry conditions within the year is much longer than in the western Mediterranean. Our results show that it is crucial to account for both spatial and temporal variability to adequately assess ecosystem vulnerability. The seasonal vulnerability approach presented in this study helps to provide detailed insights regarding the specific phenological stage of the year in which ecosystem vulnerability to a certain climatic condition occurs.
How to cite.
Vogel, J., Paton, E., and Aich, V.: Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean, Biogeosciences, 18, 5903–5927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, 2021.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021
SN - 1726-4189
VL - 18
SP - 5903
EP - 5927
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ET - 22
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bürger, Gerd
T1 - A seamless filter for daily to seasonal forecasts, with applications to Iran and Brazil
JF - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
N2 - A digital filter is introduced which treats the problem of predictability versus time averaging in a continuous, seamless manner. This seamless filter (SF) is characterized by a unique smoothing rule that determines the strength of smoothing in dependence on lead time. The rule needs to be specified beforehand, either by expert knowledge or by user demand. As a result, skill curves are obtained that allow a predictability assessment across a whole range of time-scales, from daily to seasonal, in a uniform manner. The SF is applied to downscaled SEAS5 ensemble forecasts for two focus regions in or near the tropical belt, the river basins of the Karun in Iran and the Sao Francisco in Brazil. Both are characterized by strong seasonality and semi-aridity, so that predictability across various time-scales is in high demand. Among other things, it is found that from the start of the water year (autumn), areal precipitation is predictable with good skill for the Karun basin two and a half months ahead; for the Sao Francisco it is only one month, longer-term prediction skill is just above the critical level.
KW - climate drift
KW - ensemble prediction
KW - seamless prediction
KW - seasonal forecast skill
Y1 - 2019
VL - 146
IS - 726
PB - WILEY-VCH
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Boekstegers, Felix
A1 - Marcelain, Katherine
A1 - Barahona Ponce, Carol
A1 - Baez Benavides, Pablo F.
A1 - Müller, Bettina
A1 - de Toro, Gonzalo
A1 - Retamales, Javier
A1 - Barajas, Olga
A1 - Ahumada, Monica
A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
A1 - Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo
T1 - ABCB1/4 gallbladder cancer risk variants identified in India also show strong effects in Chileans
JF - Cancer Epidemiology
N2 - Background: The first large-scale genome-wide association study of gallbladder cancer (GBC) recently identified and validated three susceptibility variants in the ABCB1 and ABCB4 genes for individuals of Indian descent. We investigated whether these variants were also associated with GBC risk in Chileans, who show the highest incidence of GBC worldwide, and in Europeans with a low GBC incidence.
Methods: This population-based study analysed genotype data from retrospective Chilean case-control (255 cases, 2042 controls) and prospective European cohort (108 cases, 181 controls) samples consistently with the original publication.
Results: Our results confirmed the reported associations for Chileans with similar risk effects. Particularly strong associations (per-allele odds ratios close to 2) were observed for Chileans with high Native American (=Mapuche) ancestry. No associations were noticed for Europeans, but the statistical power was low.
Conclusion: Taking full advantage of genetic and ethnic differences in GBC risk may improve the efficiency of current prevention programs.
KW - cancer epidemiology
KW - gallbladder cancer
KW - native American ancestry
KW - population-specific risk marker
Y1 - 2020
VL - 65
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Li, Chen
A1 - Stoma, Svetlana
A1 - Lotta, Luca A.
A1 - Warner, Sophie
A1 - Albrecht, Eva
A1 - Allione, Alessandra
A1 - Arp, Pascal P.
A1 - Broer, Linda
A1 - Buxton, Jessica L.
A1 - Boeing, Heiner
A1 - Langenberg, Claudia
A1 - Codd, Veryan
T1 - Genome-wide association analysis in humans links nucleotide metabolism to leukocyte telomere length
JF - American Journal of Human Genetics
N2 - Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a heritable biomarker of genomic aging. In this study, we perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of LTL by pooling densely genotyped and imputed association results across large-scale European-descent studies including up to 78,592 individuals. We identify 49 genomic regions at a false dicovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 threshold and prioritize genes at 31, with five highlighting nucleotide metabolism as an important regulator of LTL. We report six genome-wide significant loci in or near SENP7, MOB1B, CARMIL1 , PRRC2A, TERF2, and RFWD3, and our results support recently identified PARP1, POT1, ATM, and MPHOSPH6 loci. Phenome-wide analyses in >350,000 UK Biobank participants suggest that genetically shorter telomere length increases the risk of hypothyroidism and decreases the risk of thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and a range of proliferative conditions. Our results replicate previously reported associations with increased risk of coronary artery disease and lower risk for multiple cancer types. Our findings substantially expand current knowledge on genes that regulate LTL and their impact on human health and disease.
KW - Mendelian randomization
KW - risk
KW - variants
KW - disease
KW - cancer
KW - loci
KW - database
KW - genes
KW - heart
KW - gwas
Y1 - 2019
VL - 106
IS - 3
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rabovsky, Milena
T1 - Change in a probabilistic representation of meaning can account for N400 effects on articles: a neural network model
JF - Neuropsychologia
N2 - Increased N400 amplitudes on indefinite articles (a/an) incompatible with expected nouns have been initially taken as strong evidence for probabilistic pre-activation of phonological word forms, and recently been intensely debated because they have been difficult to replicate. Here, these effects are simulated using a neural network model of sentence comprehension that we previously used to simulate a broad range of empirical N400 effects. The model produces the effects when the cue validity of the articles concerning upcoming noun meaning in the learning environment is high, but fails to produce the effects when the cue validity of the articles is low due to adjectives presented between articles and nouns during training. These simulations provide insight into one of the factors potentially contributing to the small size of the effects in empirical studies and generate predictions for cross-linguistic differences in article induced N400 effects based on articles’ cue validity. The model accounts for article induced N400 effects without assuming pre-activation of word forms, and instead simulates these effects as the stimulus-induced change in a probabilistic representation of meaning corresponding to an implicit semantic prediction error.
KW - N400
KW - ERPs
KW - prediction
KW - neural networks
KW - cue validity
KW - meaning
Y1 - 2019
VL - 143
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schittko, Conrad
A1 - Bernard-Verdier, Maud
A1 - Heger, Tina
A1 - Buchholz, Sascha
A1 - Kowarik, Ingo
A1 - von der Lippe, Moritz
A1 - Seitz, Birgit
A1 - Joshi, Jasmin Radha
A1 - Jeschke, Jonathan M.
T1 - A multidimensional framework for measuring biotic novelty: How novel is a community?
JF - Global Change Biology
N2 - Anthropogenic changes in climate, land use, and disturbance regimes, as well as introductions of non-native species can lead to the transformation of many ecosystems. The resulting novel ecosystems are usually characterized by species assemblages that have not occurred previously in a given area. Quantifying the ecological novelty of communities (i.e., biotic novelty) would enhance the understanding of environmental change. However, quantification remains challenging since current novelty metrics, such as the number and/or proportion of non-native species in a community, fall short of considering both functional and evolutionary aspects of biotic novelty. Here, we propose the Biotic Novelty Index (BNI), an intuitive and flexible multidimensional measure that combines (a) functional differences between native and non-native introduced species with (b) temporal dynamics of species introductions. We show that the BNI is an additive partition of Rao's quadratic entropy, capturing the novel interaction component of the community's functional diversity. Simulations show that the index varies predictably with the relative amount of functional novelty added by recently arrived species, and they illustrate the need to provide an additional standardized version of the index. We present a detailed R code and two applications of the BNI by (a) measuring changes of biotic novelty of dry grassland plant communities along an urbanization gradient in a metropolitan region and (b) determining the biotic novelty of plant species assemblages at a national scale. The results illustrate the applicability of the index across scales and its flexibility in the use of data of different quality. Both case studies revealed strong connections between biotic novelty and increasing urbanization, a measure of abiotic novelty. We conclude that the BNI framework may help building a basis for better understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of global change.
KW - alien species
KW - biological invasions
KW - coexistence
KW - ecological novelty
KW - functional diversity
KW - novel ecosystems
KW - novel species
KW - standard metrics
Y1 - 2019
VL - 26
IS - 8
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hoffmann, Lisa
A1 - Wilbert, Jürgen
A1 - Lehofer, Mike
A1 - Schwab, Susanne
T1 - Are we good friends?
BT - Friendship preferences and the quantity and quality of mutual friendships
JF - European Journal of Special Needs Education
N2 - Empirical studies already examined various facets of the friendship construct. Building on this, the present study examines the questions of how the number of friendships and their quality differ between students with and without SEN and whether a homophily-effect can be identified. The sample consists of 455 fourth-graders from 28 inclusive classes in Austria. The results indicate that students with SEN have fewer friends than students without SEN. Furthermore, students without SEN preferred peers without SEN as a friend. This homophily-effect was shown for students with SEN, too. However, students with and without SEN rated the quality of their friendships similarly and no interactions between the SEN status of oneself or of the friend was found for the quality of the friendship. The results show that, in the context of inclusion, the issue of friendship needs to be increasingly addressed to improve the situation of students with SEN.
KW - social participation
KW - friendship
KW - quality of friendship
KW - homophily
KW - sociometric nomination
Y1 - 2019
VL - 36
IS - 4
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - König, Christian
A1 - Weigelt, Patrick
A1 - Taylor, Amanda
A1 - Stein, Anke
A1 - Dawson, Wayne
A1 - Essl, Franz
A1 - Pergl, Jan
A1 - Pyšek, Petr
A1 - Kleunen, Mark van
A1 - Winter, Marten
A1 - Chatelain, Cyrille
A1 - Wieringa, Jan J.
A1 - Krestov, Pavel
A1 - Kreft, Holger
T1 - Source pools and disharmony of the world’s island floras
JF - Ecography
N2 - Island disharmony refers to the biased representation of higher taxa on islands compared to their mainland source regions and represents a central concept in island biology. Here, we develop a generalizable framework for approximating these source regions and conduct the first global assessment of island disharmony and its underlying drivers. We compiled vascular plant species lists for 178 oceanic islands and 735 mainland regions. Using mainland data only, we modelled species turnover as a function of environmental and geographic distance and predicted the proportion of shared species between each island and mainland region. We then quantified the over- or under-representation of families on individual islands (representational disharmony) by contrasting the observed number of species against a null model of random colonization from the mainland source pool, and analysed the effects of six family-level functional traits on the resulting measure. Furthermore, we aggregated the values of representational disharmony per island to characterize overall taxonomic bias of a given flora (compositional disharmony), and analysed this second measure as a function of four island biogeographical variables. Our results indicate considerable variation in representational disharmony both within and among plant families. Examples of generally over-represented families include Urticaceae, Convolvulaceae and almost all pteridophyte families. Other families such as Asteraceae and Orchidaceae were generally under-represented, with local peaks of over-representation in known radiation hotspots. Abiotic pollination and a lack of dispersal specialization were most strongly associated with an insular over-representation of families, whereas other family-level traits showed minor effects. With respect to compositional disharmony, large, high-elevation islands tended to have the most disharmonic floras. Our results provide important insights into the taxon- and island-specific drivers of disharmony. The proposed framework allows overcoming the limitations of previous approaches and provides a quantitative basis for incorporating functional and phylogenetic approaches into future studies of island disharmony.
KW - assembly processes
KW - biotic filtering
KW - dispersal filtering
KW - environmental filtering
KW - generalized dissimilarity modelling
KW - island disharmony
KW - island syndromes
KW - source regions
KW - vascular plants
Y1 - 2020
VL - 44
IS - 1
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - van Velzen, Ellen
A1 - Gaedke, Ursula
T1 - Reversed predator-prey cycles are driven by the amplitude of prey oscillations
JF - Ecology and evolution
N2 - Ecoevolutionary feedbacks in predator-prey systems have been shown to qualitatively alter predator-prey dynamics. As a striking example, defense-offense coevolution can reverse predator-prey cycles, so predator peaks precede prey peaks rather than vice versa. However, this has only rarely been shown in either model studies or empirical systems. Here, we investigate whether this rarity is a fundamental feature of reversed cycles by exploring under which conditions they should be found. For this, we first identify potential conditions and parameter ranges most likely to result in reversed cycles by developing a new measure, the effective prey biomass, which combines prey biomass with prey and predator traits, and represents the prey biomass as perceived by the predator. We show that predator dynamics always follow the dynamics of the effective prey biomass with a classic 1/4-phase lag. From this key insight, it follows that in reversed cycles (i.e., -lag), the dynamics of the actual and the effective prey biomass must be in antiphase with each other, that is, the effective prey biomass must be highest when actual prey biomass is lowest, and vice versa. Based on this, we predict that reversed cycles should be found mainly when oscillations in actual prey biomass are small and thus have limited impact on the dynamics of the effective prey biomass, which are mainly driven by trait changes. We then confirm this prediction using numerical simulations of a coevolutionary predator-prey system, varying the amplitude of the oscillations in prey biomass: Reversed cycles are consistently associated with regions of parameter space leading to small-amplitude prey oscillations, offering a specific and highly testable prediction for conditions under which reversed cycles should occur in natural systems.
KW - coevolution
KW - ecoevolutionary dynamics
KW - predator-prey dynamics
KW - top-down control
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4184
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 8
IS - 12
SP - 6317
EP - 6329
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schönemann, Eric
A1 - Laschewsky, Andre
A1 - Rosenhahn, Axel
T1 - Exploring the long-term hydrolytic behavior of zwitterionic polymethacrylates and polymethacrylamides
JF - Polymers
N2 - The hydrolytic stability of polymers to be used for coatings in aqueous environments, for example, to confer anti-fouling properties, is crucial. However, long-term exposure studies on such polymers are virtually missing. In this context, we synthesized a set of nine polymers that are typically used for low-fouling coatings, comprising the well-established poly(oligoethylene glycol methylether methacrylate), poly(3-(N-2-methacryloylethyl-N,N-dimethyl) ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylate), and poly(3-(N-3-methacryamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl)ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylamide) as well as a series of hitherto rarely studied polysulfabetaines, which had been suggested to be particularly hydrolysis-stable. Hydrolysis resistance upon extended storage in aqueous solution is followed by H-1 NMR at ambient temperature in various pH regimes. Whereas the monomers suffered slow (in PBS) to very fast hydrolysis (in 1 M NaOH), the polymers, including the polymethacrylates, proved to be highly stable. No degradation of the carboxyl ester or amide was observed after one year in PBS, 1 M HCl, or in sodium carbonate buffer of pH 10. This demonstrates their basic suitability for anti-fouling applications. Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) proved even to be stable for one year in 1 M NaOH without any signs of degradation. The stability is ascribed to a steric shielding effect. The hemisulfate group in the polysulfabetaines, however, was found to be partially labile.
KW - polyzwitterions
KW - stability
KW - polymer degradation
KW - hydrolysis
KW - polysulfobetaine
KW - polysulfabetaine
KW - anti-fouling materials
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10060639
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 10
IS - 6
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lu, Yin
A1 - Dewald, Nico
A1 - Koutsodendris, Andreas
A1 - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
A1 - Rösler, Wolfgang
A1 - Fang, Xiaomin
A1 - Pross, Jörg
A1 - Appel, Erwin
A1 - Friedrich, Oliver
T1 - Sedimentological evidence for pronounced glacial-interglacial climate fluctuations in NE Tibet in the latest Pliocene to early Pleistocene
JF - Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
N2 - The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau have been argued to be among the main drivers of climate change in midlatitude Central Asia during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. While most proxy records that support this hypothesis are from regions outside the Tibetan Plateau (such as from the Chinese Loess Plateau), detailed paleoclimatic information for the plateau itself during that time has yet remained elusive. Here we present a temporally highly resolved (similar to 500 years) sedimentological record from the Qaidam Basin situated on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau that shows pronounced glacial-interglacial climate variability during the interval from 2.7 to 2.1 Ma. Glacial (interglacial) intervals are generally characterized by coarser (finer) grain size, minima (maxima) in organic matter content, and maxima (minima) in carbonate content. Comparison of our results with Earth's orbital parameters and proxy records from the Chinese Loess Plateau suggests that the observed climate fluctuations were mainly driven by changes in the Siberian High/East Asian winter monsoon system as a response to the iNHG. They are further proposed to be enhanced by the topography of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the position and intensity of the westerlies.
KW - Western Qaidam Basin
KW - grain-size distribution
KW - lake Donggi Cona
KW - Chinese loess
KW - Central-Asia
KW - transport processes
KW - Qilian mountains
KW - dust sources
KW - plateau
KW - record
Y1 - 2020
VL - 35
IS - 5
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hollmann, Susanne
A1 - Frohme, Marcus
A1 - Endrullat, Christoph
A1 - Kremer, Andreas
A1 - D’Elia, Domenica
A1 - Regierer, Babette
A1 - Nechyporenko, Alina
T1 - Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure
JF - PLOS Computational Biology
N2 - Research publications and data nowadays should be publicly available on the internet and, theoretically, usable for everyone to develop further research, products, or services. The long-term accessibility of research data is, therefore, fundamental in the economy of the research production process. However, the availability of data is not sufficient by itself, but also their quality must be verifiable. Measures to ensure reuse and reproducibility need to include the entire research life cycle, from the experimental design to the generation of data, quality control, statistical analysis, interpretation, and validation of the results. Hence, high-quality records, particularly for providing a string of documents for the verifiable origin of data, are essential elements that can act as a certificate for potential users (customers). These records also improve the traceability and transparency of data and processes, therefore, improving the reliability of results. Standards for data acquisition, analysis, and documentation have been fostered in the last decade driven by grassroot initiatives of researchers and organizations such as the Research Data Alliance (RDA). Nevertheless, what is still largely missing in the life science academic research are agreed procedures for complex routine research workflows. Here, well-crafted documentation like standard operating procedures (SOPs) offer clear direction and instructions specifically designed to avoid deviations as an absolute necessity for reproducibility. Therefore, this paper provides a standardized workflow that explains step by step how to write an SOP to be used as a starting point for appropriate research documentation.
Y1 - 2020
VL - 16
IS - 9
PB - PLOS
CY - San Francisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ehrlich, Elias
A1 - Gaedke, Ursula
T1 - Not attackable or not crackable
BT - How pre- and post-attack defenses with different competition costs affect prey coexistence and population dynamics
JF - Ecology and evolution
N2 - It is well-known that prey species often face trade-offs between defense against predation and competitiveness, enabling predator-mediated coexistence. However, we lack an understanding of how the large variety of different defense traits with different competition costs affects coexistence and population dynamics. Our study focusses on two general defense mechanisms, that is, pre-attack (e.g., camouflage) and post-attack defenses (e.g., weaponry) that act at different phases of the predator—prey interaction. We consider a food web model with one predator, two prey types and one resource. One prey type is undefended, while the other one is pre- or post-attack defended paying costs either by a higher half-saturation constant for resource uptake or a lower maximum growth rate. We show that post-attack defenses promote prey coexistence and stabilize the population dynamics more strongly than pre-attack defenses by interfering with the predator's functional response: Because the predator spends time handling “noncrackable” prey, the undefended prey is indirectly facilitated. A high half-saturation constant as defense costs promotes coexistence more and stabilizes the dynamics less than a low maximum growth rate. The former imposes high costs at low resource concentrations but allows for temporally high growth rates at predator-induced resource peaks preventing the extinction of the defended prey. We evaluate the effects of the different defense mechanisms and costs on coexistence under different enrichment levels in order to vary the importance of bottom-up and top-down control of the prey community.
KW - coexistence
KW - competition-defense trade-off
KW - defense against predation
KW - functional response
KW - indirect facilitation
KW - predator-prey cycles
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4145
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 8
IS - 13
SP - 6625
EP - 6637
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Poltrock, Silvana
A1 - Chen, Hui
A1 - Kwok, Celia
A1 - Cheung, Hintat
A1 - Nazzi, Thierry
T1 - Adult learning of novel words in a non-native language
BT - Consonants, Vowels, and Tones
JF - Frontiers in psychology
KW - word learning
KW - minimal pairs
KW - non-native speech perception
KW - tones
KW - adults
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01211
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Kewenig, Viktor
A1 - Zhou, Yuefang
A1 - Fischer, Martin H.
T1 - Commentary: Robots as intentional agents
BT - Using neuroscientific methods to make robots appear more social
T2 - Frontiers in psychology
KW - intentionality
KW - social robots
KW - verbal reports
KW - humanoid
KW - turing test
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01131
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Georgiev, Vasil N.
A1 - Grafmüller, Andrea
A1 - Bléger, David
A1 - Hecht, Stefan
A1 - Kunstmann, Sonja
A1 - Barbirz, Stefanie
A1 - Lipowsky, Reinhard
A1 - Dimova, Rumiana
T1 - Area increase and budding in giant vesicles triggered by light
BT - behind the scene
JF - Advanced science
N2 - Biomembranes are constantly remodeled and in cells, these processes are controlled and modulated by an assortment of membrane proteins. Here, it is shown that such remodeling can also be induced by photoresponsive molecules. The morphological control of giant vesicles in the presence of a water-soluble ortho-tetrafluoroazobenzene photoswitch (F-azo) is demonstrated and it is shown that the shape transformations are based on an increase in membrane area and generation of spontaneous curvature. The vesicles exhibit budding and the buds can be retracted by using light of a different wavelength. In the presence of F-azo, the membrane area can increase by more than 5% as assessed from vesicle electrodeformation. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism and the partitioning of F-azo in the membrane, molecular dynamics simulations are employed. Comparison with theoretically calculated shapes reveals that the budded shapes are governed by curvature elasticity, that the spontaneous curvature can be decomposed into a local and a nonlocal contribution, and that the local spontaneous curvature is about 1/(2.5 mu m). The results show that exo- and endocytotic events can be controlled by light and that these photoinduced processes provide an attractive method to change membrane area and morphology.
KW - azobenzene
KW - lipid membranes
KW - molecular dynamics
KW - photoswitch
KW - vesicles
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800432
SN - 2198-3844
VL - 5
IS - 8
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Clahsen, Harald
A1 - Paulmann, Silke
A1 - Budd, Mary-Jane
A1 - Barry, Christopher
T1 - Morphological encoding beyond slots and fillers
BT - an ERP study of comparative formation in English
JF - PLoS one
N2 - One important organizational property of morphology is competition. Different means of expression are in conflict with each other for encoding the same grammatical function. In the current study, we examined the nature of this control mechanism by testing the formation of comparative adjectives in English during language production. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during cued silent production, the first study of this kind for comparative adjective formation. We specifically examined the ERP correlates of producing synthetic relative to analytic comparatives, e.g. angriervs. more angry. A frontal, bilaterally distributed, enhanced negative-going waveform for analytic comparatives (vis-a-vis synthetic ones) emerged approximately 300ms after the (silent) production cue. We argue that this ERP effect reflects a control mechanism that constrains grammatically-based computational processes (viz. more comparative formation). We also address the possibility that this particular ERP effect may belong to a family of previously observed negativities reflecting cognitive control monitoring, rather than morphological encoding processes per se.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199897
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 13
IS - 7
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Lazuras, Lambros
A1 - Barkoukis, Vassilis
A1 - Loukovitis, Andreas
A1 - Brand, Ralf
A1 - Hudson, Andy
A1 - Mallia, Luca
A1 - Michaelides, Michalis
A1 - Muzi, Milena
A1 - Petroczi, Andrea
A1 - Zelli, Arnaldo
T1 - Corrigendum: "I Want It All, and I Want It Now": Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES) among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries (Frontiers in psychology. - 8 (2017), 717.)
T2 - Frontiers in psychology
KW - doping
KW - behavioral reasoning
KW - exercise
KW - fitness
KW - recreational sport
KW - young adults
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01162
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Filipovic, Vilim
A1 - Gerke, Horst H.
A1 - Filipovic, Lana
A1 - Sommer, Michael
T1 - Quantifying subsurface lateral flow along sloping horizon boundaries in soil profiles of a hummocky ground moraine
JF - Vadose zone journal
N2 - Subsurface lateral flow in hillslope soils depends on lower permeability or texture-contrasting soil horizons. In the arable hummocky soil landscape, erosion processes caused glacial till appearance closer to the soil surface at upslope positions. The objective of this work was to quantify the potential for subsurface lateral flow depending on the erosion-affected spatial hydropedological complexity. The eroded Haplic Luvisol profile was studied due to the presence of a relatively dense C horizon that varied in depth, thickness, and sloping angle. A two-dimensional numerical modeling and sensitivity analysis for the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) of the C horizon and the depth to C horizon (i.e., soil solum thickness) was performed for rainstorms in 2011 and 2012 using HYDRUS-2D. A K-s value of <2.5 cm d(-1) for the C horizon was required for lateral flow initiation. Lateral flow was (i) increasing with decreasing solum thickness, indicating an erosion-induced feedback on subsurface lateral flow, and (ii) dependent on the soil moisture regime prior to rainstorms. The effect of lateral flow on the movement of a conservative tracer was simulated in the form of a "virtual experiment". Simulation scenarios revealed only a relatively small lateral shift of the tracer plume caused by a local decoupling of water (already lateral) from subsequent tracer movement (still vertical). Longer term simulations suggested that, for the present conditions, lateral flow was limited mostly to occasional summer storm events. Even without considering preferential flow contribution to lateral flow, highly complex hydropedologic interactions are present in erosion-affected heterogeneous soil profiles.
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2017.05.0106
SN - 1539-1663
VL - 17
IS - 1
PB - Soil Science Society of America
CY - Madison
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Totz, Sonja Juliana
A1 - Löber, Jakob
A1 - Totz, Jan Frederik
A1 - Engel, Harald
T1 - Control of transversal instabilities in reaction-diffusion systems
JF - New journal of physics : the open-access journal for physics
N2 - In two-dimensional reaction-diffusion systems, local curvature perturbations on traveling waves are typically damped out and vanish. However, if the inhibitor diffuses much faster than the activator, transversal instabilities can arise, leading from flat to folded, spatio-temporally modulated waves and to spreading spiral turbulence. Here, we propose a scheme to induce or inhibit these instabilities via a spatio-temporal feedback loop. In a piecewise-linear version of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model, transversal instabilities and spiral turbulence in the uncontrolled system are shown to be suppressed in the presence of control, thereby stabilizing plane wave propagation. Conversely, in numerical simulations with the modified Oregonator model for the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, which does not exhibit transversal instabilities on its own, we demonstrate the feasibility of inducing transversal instabilities and study the emerging wave patterns in a well-controlled manner.
KW - traveling waves
KW - control
KW - transversal instabilities
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aabce5
SN - 1367-2630
VL - 20
PB - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kwanbunjan, Karunee
A1 - Panprathip, Pornpimol
A1 - Phosat, Chanchira
A1 - Chumpathat, Noppanath
A1 - Wechjakwen, Naruemon
A1 - Puduang, Somchai
A1 - Auyyuenyong, Ratchada
A1 - Henkel, Ina
A1 - Schweigert, Florian J.
T1 - Association of retinol binding protein 4 and transthyretin with triglyceride levels and insulin resistance in rural thais with high type 2 diabetes risk
JF - BMC Endocrine Disorders
N2 - Background: Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), a protein secreted by adipocytes and bound in plasma to transthyretin (TTR), has been associated with obesity, the early phase of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between RBP4, TTR, triglyceride (TG) and type 2 diabetes risk in rural Thailand. Results: RBP4 and TTR levels, as well as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, were significantly elevated among subjects with high triglyceride levels (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). Triglyceride levels correlated with RBP4 (r = 0.34, p < 0.001) and TTR (r= 0.26, p < 0.01) levels, as well as HOMA-IR values (r= 0.16, p < 0.05). After adjustment for age and gender, the risk of hypertriglyceridemia was 3.7 times greater (95% Cl =1.42 -9.73, p = 0.008) in the highest RBP4 tertile as compared to the lowest tertile. Similarly, the highest TTR and HOMA-IR tertiles had greater risk of hypertriglyceridemia at 3.5 (95% Cl = 1.30-9.20, p = 0.01) and 3.6 (95% CI = 1.33- 9.58, p = 0.01) times higher than the respective lowest tertiles. The correlation between TTR and blood glucose was statistically significant (r 0.18, p < 0.05), but not found this relationship in RBP4. Conclusions: The associations of RBP4 and TTR with hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance may have important implications for the risk of heart disease and stroke.
KW - RBP4
KW - TTR
KW - HOMA-IR
KW - Hypertriglyceridemia
KW - Type 2 diabetes
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-018-0254-2
SN - 1472-6823
VL - 18
PB - BMC
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Casado, Mathieu
A1 - Landais, Amaelle
A1 - Picard, Ghislain
A1 - Münch, Thomas
A1 - Laepple, Thomas
A1 - Stenni, Barbara
A1 - Dreossi, Giuliano
A1 - Ekaykin, Alexey
A1 - Arnaud, Laurent
A1 - Genthon, Christophe
A1 - Touzeau, Alexandra
A1 - Masson-Delmotte, Valerie
A1 - Jouzel, Jean
T1 - Archival processes of the water stable isotope signal in East Antarctic ice cores
JF - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - The oldest ice core records are obtained from the East Antarctic Plateau. Water isotopes are key proxies to reconstructing past climatic conditions over the ice sheet and at the evaporation source. The accuracy of climate reconstructions depends on knowledge of all processes affecting water vapour, precipitation and snow isotopic compositions. Fractionation processes are well understood and can be integrated in trajectory-based Rayleigh distillation and isotope-enabled climate models. However, a quantitative understanding of processes potentially altering snow isotopic composition after deposition is still missing. In low-accumulation sites, such as those found in East Antarctica, these poorly constrained processes are likely to play a significant role and limit the interpretability of an ice core's isotopic composition.
By combining observations of isotopic composition in vapour, precipitation, surface snow and buried snow from Dome C, a deep ice core site on the East Antarctic Plateau, we found indications of a seasonal impact of metamorphism on the surface snow isotopic signal when compared to the initial precipitation. Particularly in summer, exchanges of water molecules between vapour and snow are driven by the diurnal sublimation-condensation cycles. Overall, we observe in between precipitation events modification of the surface snow isotopic composition. Using high-resolution water isotopic composition profiles from snow pits at five Antarctic sites with different accumulation rates, we identified common patterns which cannot be attributed to the seasonal variability of precipitation. These differences in the precipitation, surface snow and buried snow isotopic composition provide evidence of post-deposition processes affecting ice core records in low-accumulation areas.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1745-2018
SN - 1994-0416
SN - 1994-0424
VL - 12
IS - 5
SP - 1745
EP - 1766
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hodgkins, Suzanne B.
A1 - Richardson, Curtis J.
A1 - Dommain, Rene
A1 - Wang, Hongjun
A1 - Glaser, Paul H.
A1 - Verbeke, Brittany
A1 - Winkler, B. Rose
A1 - Cobb, Alexander R.
A1 - Rich, Virginia I.
A1 - Missilmani, Malak
A1 - Flanagan, Neal
A1 - Ho, Mengchi
A1 - Hoyt, Alison M.
A1 - Harvey, Charles F.
A1 - Vining, S. Rose
A1 - Hough, Moira A.
A1 - Moore, Tim R.
A1 - Richard, Pierre J. H.
A1 - De la Cruz, Florentino B.
A1 - Toufaily, Joumana
A1 - Hamdan, Rasha
A1 - Cooper, William T.
A1 - Chanton, Jeffrey P.
T1 - Tropical peatland carbon storage linked to global latitudinal trends in peat recalcitrance
JF - Nature Communications
N2 - Peatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation state and resulting recalcitrance. This recalcitrance allows peat to persist in the (sub)tropics despite warm temperatures. Because we observed similar declines in carbohydrate content with depth in high-latitude peat, our data explain recent field-scale deep peat warming experiments in which catotelm (deeper) peat remained stable despite temperature increases up to 9 degrees C. We suggest that high-latitude deep peat reservoirs may be stabilized in the face of climate change by their ultimately lower carbohydrate and higher aromatic composition, similar to tropical peats.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06050-2
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 9
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dehnert, Maik
T1 - Sustaining the current or pursuing the new: incumbent digital transformation strategies in the financial service industry
JF - Business Research
N2 - Digital transformation (DT) is a major challenge for traditional companies. Despite the term, DT is relatively new; its substance is not: a whole stream of research has examined the relationship between DT and firm performance with contradictory findings. Most of these studies have chosen a linear correlational approach, however, did not analyze the holistic interplay of DT dimensions, leading to firm performance. This applies especially to the mature financial services industry and the future perspectives of traditional financial service providers (FSP). Hence, it remains an open question for both research and practice what DT configurations have a positive impact on firm performance. Against this background, the aim of this exploratory study is to examine how DT dimensions are systemically connected to firm performance of incumbent FSP. Drawing on a qualitative-empirical research approach with case data from 83 FSP, we identify digital configurations along different levels of firm performance. Our findings suggest an evolution of digital configurations of FSP, leading to five empirical standard types from which only one managed to establish a profound basis of DT.
KW - Digital transformation
KW - Banking
KW - Insurance
KW - Financial services
KW - Configurational analysis
KW - fsQCA
Y1 - 2020
SN - 1866-8658
VL - 13
PB - Springer Nature
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ronasi, Golnoush
A1 - Fischer, Martin H.
A1 - Zimmermann, Malte
T1 - Language and Arithmetic
BT - a failure to find cross cognitive domain semantic priming between exception phrases and subtraction or addition
JF - Frontiers in psychology
N2 - We examined cross-domain semantic priming effects between arithmetic and language. We paired subtractions with their linguistic equivalent, exception phrases (EPs) with positive quantifiers (e.g., "everybody except John") while pairing additions with their own linguistic equivalent, EPs with negative quantifiers (e.g., "nobody except John"; Moltmann, 1995). We hypothesized that EPs with positive quantifiers prime subtractions and inhibit additions while EPs with negative quantifiers prime additions and inhibit subtractions. Furthermore, we expected similar priming and inhibition effects from arithmetic into semantics. Our design allowed for a bidirectional analysis by using one trial's target as the prime for the next trial. Two experiments failed to show significant priming effects in either direction. Implications and possible shortcomings are explored in the general discussion.
KW - cross-domain priming
KW - language
KW - arithmetic
KW - information integration
KW - cognitive module
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01524
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 9
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -