TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Malte A1 - De Veaugh-Geiss, Joseph P. A1 - Tönnis, Swantje A1 - Onea, Edgar T1 - (Non-)exhaustivity in focus partitioning across languages JF - Approaches to Hungarian N2 - We present novel experimental evidence on the availability and the status of exhaustivity inferences with focus partitioning in German, English, and Hungarian. Results suggest that German and English focus-background clefts and Hungarian focus share important properties, (É. Kiss 1998, 1999; Szabolcsi 1994; Percus 1997; Onea & Beaver 2009). Those constructions are anaphoric devices triggering an existence presupposition. EXH-inferences are not obligatory in such constructions in English, German, or Hungarian, against some previous literature (Percus 1997; Büring & Križ 2013; É. Kiss 1998), but in line with pragmatic analyses of EXH-inferences in clefts (Horn 1981, 2016; Pollard & Yasavul 2016). The cross-linguistic differences in the distribution of EXH-inferences are attributed to properties of the Hungarian number marking system. KW - clefts KW - definite pseudoclefts KW - Hungarian focus KW - exhaustivity KW - experimental evidence KW - semantics-pragmatics interface Y1 - 2020 VL - 16 PB - John Benjamins CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulze, Patricia S. C. A1 - Bett, Alexander J. A1 - Bivour, Martin A1 - Caprioglio, Pietro A1 - Gerspacher, Fabian M. A1 - Kabaklı, Özde Ş. A1 - Richter, Armin A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Zhang, Qinxin A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Hermle, Martin A1 - Hillebrecht, Harald A1 - Glunz, Stefan W. A1 - Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph T1 - 25.1% high-efficiency monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cell with a high bandgap perovskite absorber JF - Solar RRL N2 - Monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cells can overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. This requires an optimum bandgap, high quantum efficiency, and high stability of the perovskite. Herein, a silicon heterojunction bottom cell is combined with a perovskite top cell, with an optimum bandgap of 1.68 eV in planar p-i-n tandem configuration. A methylammonium-free FA(0.75)Cs(0.25)Pb(I0.8Br0.2)(3) perovskite with high Cs content is investigated for improved stability. A 10% molarity increase to 1.1 m of the perovskite precursor solution results in approximate to 75 nm thicker absorber layers and 0.7 mA cm(-2) higher short-circuit current density. With the optimized absorber, tandem devices reach a high fill factor of 80% and up to 25.1% certified efficiency. The unencapsulated tandem device shows an efficiency improvement of 2.3% (absolute) over 5 months, showing the robustness of the absorber against degradation. Moreover, a photoluminescence quantum yield analysis reveals that with adapted charge transport materials and surface passivation, along with improved antireflection measures, the high bandgap perovskite absorber has the potential for 30% tandem efficiency in the near future. KW - heterojunction silicon solar cells KW - interfaces KW - perovskite solar cells KW - tandem solar cells KW - thin films Y1 - 2020 VL - 4 IS - 7 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CY - New Jersey ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boldrighini, Carlo A1 - Frigio, Sandro A1 - Maponi, Pierluigi A1 - Pellegrinotti, Alessandro A1 - Sinai, Yakov G. T1 - 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Complex blow-up and related real flows JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics KW - random point processes KW - statistical mechanics KW - stochastic analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472201 SN - 978-3-86956-485-2 SN - 2199-4951 SN - 2199-496X IS - 6 SP - 185 EP - 194 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Franz, Gerhard A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Khomenko, Vladimir T1 - 40Ar/39Ar dating of a hydrothermal pegmatitic buddingtonite–muscovite assemblage from Volyn, Ukraine JF - European journal of mineralogy : EJM : an international journal on mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, and related sciences N2 - We determined Ar-40/Ar-39 ages of buddingtonite, occurring together with muscovite, with the laser-ablation method. This is the first attempt to date the NH4-feldspar buddingtonite, which is typical for sedimentary-diagenetic environments of sediments, rich in organic matter, or in hydrothermal environments, associated with volcanic geyser systems. The sample is a hydrothermal breccia, coming from the Paleoproterozoic pegmatite field of the Korosten Plutonic Complex, Volyn, Ukraine. A detailed characterization by optical methods, electron microprobe analyses, backscattered electron imaging, and IR analyses showed that the buddingtonite consists of euhedral-appearing platy crystals of tens of micrometers wide, 100 or more micrometers in length, which consist of fine-grained fibers of <= 1 mu m thickness. The crystals are sector and growth zoned in terms of K-NH4-H3O content. The content of K allows for an age determination with the Ar-40/Ar-39 method, as well as in the accompanying muscovite, intimately intergrown with the buddingtonite. The determinations on muscovite yielded an age of 1491 +/- 9 Ma, interpreted as the hydrothermal event forming the breccia. However, buddingtonite apparent ages yielded a range of 563 +/- 14 Ma down to 383 +/- 12 Ma, which are interpreted as reset ages due to Ar loss of the fibrous buddingtonite crystals during later heating. We conclude that buddingtonite is suited for Ar-40/Ar-39 age determinations as a supplementary method, together with other methods and minerals; however, it requires a detailed mineralogical characterization, and the ages will likely represent minimum ages. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-7-2022 SN - 0935-1221 SN - 1617-4011 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 18 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krmíček, Lukáš A1 - Timmerman, Martin Jan A1 - Ziemann, Martin Andreas A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Ulrych, Jaromir T1 - 40Ar/39Ar step-heating dating of phlogopite and kaersutite megacrysts from the Železná hůrka (Eisenbühl) Pleistocene scoria cone, Czech Republic JF - Geologica Carpathica N2 - (40)A/Ar-39 step-heating of mica and amphibole megacrysts from hauyne-bearing olivine melilitite scoria/tephra from the Zelezna hurka yielded a 435 +/- 108 ka isotope correlation age for phlogopite and a more imprecise 1.55 Ma total gas age of the kaersutite megacryst. The amphibole megacrysts may constitute the first, and the younger phlogopite megacrysts the later phase of mafic, hydrous melilitic magma crystallization. It cannot be ruled out that the amphibole megacrysts are petrogenetically unrelated to tephra and phlogopite megacrysts and were derived from mantle xenoliths or disaggregated older, deep crustal pegmatites. This is in line both with the rarity of amphibole at Zelezna hurka and with the observed signs of magmatic resorption at the edges of amphibole crystals. KW - Bohemian Massif KW - Zelezna hurka KW - Eisenbuhl KW - argon dating KW - mica KW - amphibole KW - melilitite Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31577/GeolCarp.71.4.6 SN - 1335-0552 SN - 1336-8052 VL - 71 IS - 4 SP - 382 EP - 387 PB - Veda CY - Bratislava ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christakoudi, Sofa A1 - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. A1 - Muller, David C. A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Overvad, Kim A1 - Söderberg, Stefan A1 - Häggström, Christel A1 - Pischon, Tobias A1 - Dahm, Christina C. A1 - Zhang, Jie A1 - Tjønneland, Anne A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd T1 - A Body Shape Index (ABSI) achieves better mortality risk stratification than alternative indices of abdominal obesity: results from a large European cohort JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Abdominal and general adiposity are independently associated with mortality, but there is no consensus on how best to assess abdominal adiposity. We compared the ability of alternative waist indices to complement body mass index (BMI) when assessing all-cause mortality. We used data from 352,985 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for other risk factors. During a mean follow-up of 16.1 years, 38,178 participants died. Combining in one model BMI and a strongly correlated waist index altered the association patterns with mortality, to a predominantly negative association for BMI and a stronger positive association for the waist index, while combining BMI with the uncorrelated A Body Shape Index (ABSI) preserved the association patterns. Sex-specific cohort-wide quartiles of waist indices correlated with BMI could not separate high-risk from low-risk individuals within underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m(2)) or obese (BMI30 kg/m(2)) categories, while the highest quartile of ABSI separated 18-39% of the individuals within each BMI category, which had 22-55% higher risk of death. In conclusion, only a waist index independent of BMI by design, such as ABSI, complements BMI and enables efficient risk stratification, which could facilitate personalisation of screening, treatment and monitoring. KW - all-cause mortality KW - anthropometric measures KW - mass index KW - overweight KW - cancer KW - prediction KW - adiposity KW - size Y1 - 2020 VL - 10 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haueis, Lisa A1 - Stech, Marlitt A1 - Kubick, Stefan T1 - A Cell-free Expression Pipeline for the Generation and Functional Characterization of Nanobodies JF - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology N2 - Cell-free systems are well-established platforms for the rapid synthesis, screening, engineering and modification of all kinds of recombinant proteins ranging from membrane proteins to soluble proteins, enzymes and even toxins. Also within the antibody field the cell-free technology has gained considerable attention with respect to the clinical research pipeline including antibody discovery and production. Besides the classical full-length monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), so-called "nanobodies" (Nbs) have come into focus. A Nb is the smallest naturally-derived functional antibody fragment known and represents the variable domain (VHH, similar to 15 kDa) of a camelid heavy-chain-only antibody (HCAb). Based on their nanoscale and their special structure, Nbs display striking advantages concerning their production, but also their characteristics as binders, such as high stability, diversity, improved tissue penetration and reaching of cavity-like epitopes. The classical way to produce Nbs depends on the use of living cells as production host. Though cell-based production is well-established, it is still time-consuming, laborious and hardly amenable for high-throughput applications. Here, we present for the first time to our knowledge the synthesis of functional Nbs in a standardized mammalian cell-free system based on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lysates. Cell-free reactions were shown to be time-efficient and easy-to-handle allowing for the "on demand" synthesis of Nbs. Taken together, we complement available methods and demonstrate a promising new system for Nb selection and validation. KW - cell-free protein synthesis KW - In vitro transcription KW - translation KW - nanobody KW - VHH KW - camelid KW - CHO cell lysate Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.896763 SN - 2296-4185 VL - 10 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krebs, Simon K. A1 - Rakotoarinoro, Nathanael A1 - Stech, Marlitt A1 - Zemella, Anne A1 - Kubick, Stefan T1 - A CHO-based cell-free dual fluorescence reporter system for the straightforward assessment of amber suppression and scFv functionality JF - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology N2 - Incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) with bioorthogonal reactive groups by amber suppression allows the generation of synthetic proteins with desired novel properties. Such modified molecules are in high demand for basic research and therapeutic applications such as cancer treatment and in vivo imaging. The positioning of the ncAA-responsive codon within the protein's coding sequence is critical in order to maintain protein function, achieve high yields of ncAA-containing protein, and allow effective conjugation. Cell-free ncAA incorporation is of particular interest due to the open nature of cell-free systems and their concurrent ease of manipulation. In this study, we report a straightforward workflow to inquire ncAA positions in regard to incorporation efficiency and protein functionality in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-free system. As a model, the well-established orthogonal translation components Escherichia coli tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and tRNATyr(CUA) were used to site-specifically incorporate the ncAA p-azido-l-phenylalanine (AzF) in response to UAG codons. A total of seven ncAA sites within an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) N-terminally fused to the red fluorescent protein mRFP1 and C-terminally fused to the green fluorescent protein sfGFP were investigated for ncAA incorporation efficiency and impact on antigen binding. The characterized cell-free dual fluorescence reporter system allows screening for ncAA incorporation sites with high incorporation efficiency that maintain protein activity. It is parallelizable, scalable, and easy to operate. We propose that the established CHO-based cell-free dual fluorescence reporter system can be of particular interest for the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). KW - expanded genetic code KW - orthogonal system KW - noncanonical amino acid KW - unnatural amino acid KW - antibody KW - cell-free protein synthesis KW - mRFP1 KW - sfGFP Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.873906 SN - 2296-4185 VL - 10 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baumgart, Lene A1 - Boos, Pauline A1 - Braunsmann, Katharina T1 - A circulatory loop BT - the reciprocal relationship of organizations, digitalization, and gender JF - Social inclusion N2 - In the digitalization debate, gender biases in digital technologies play a significant role because of their potential for social exclusion and inequality. It is therefore remarkable that organizations as drivers of digitalization and as places for social integration have been widely overlooked so far. Simultaneously, gender biases and digitalization have structurally immanent connections to organizations. Therefore, a look at the reciprocal relationship between organizations, digitalization, and gender is needed. The article provides answers to the question of whether and how organizations (re)produce, reinforce, or diminish gender‐specific inequalities during their digital transformations. On the one hand, gender inequalities emerge when organizations use post‐bureaucratic concepts through digitalization. On the other hand, gender inequalities are reproduced when organizations either program or implement digital technologies and fail to establish control structures that prevent gender biases. This article shows that digitalization can act as a catalyst for inequality‐producing mechanisms, but also has the potential to mitigate inequalities. We argue that organizations must be considered when discussing the potential of exclusion through digitalization. KW - digitalization KW - gender bias KW - gender inequalities KW - organizations Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v11i4.7056 SN - 2183-2803 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 160 EP - 171 PB - Cogitatio Press CY - Lisbon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mbebi, Alain J. A1 - Breitler, Jean-Christophe A1 - Bordeaux, M'elanie A1 - Sulpice, Ronan A1 - McHale, Marcus A1 - Tong, Hao A1 - Toniutti, Lucile A1 - Castillo, Jonny Alonso A1 - Bertrand, Benoit A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran T1 - A comparative analysis of genomic and phenomic predictions of growth-related traits in 3-way coffee hybrids JF - G3: Genes, genomes, genetics N2 - Genomic prediction has revolutionized crop breeding despite remaining issues of transferability of models to unseen environmental conditions and environments. Usage of endophenotypes rather than genomic markers leads to the possibility of building phenomic prediction models that can account, in part, for this challenge. Here, we compare and contrast genomic prediction and phenomic prediction models for 3 growth-related traits, namely, leaf count, tree height, and trunk diameter, from 2 coffee 3-way hybrid populations exposed to a series of treatment-inducing environmental conditions. The models are based on 7 different statistical methods built with genomic markers and ChlF data used as predictors. This comparative analysis demonstrates that the best-performing phenomic prediction models show higher predictability than the best genomic prediction models for the considered traits and environments in the vast majority of comparisons within 3-way hybrid populations. In addition, we show that phenomic prediction models are transferrable between conditions but to a lower extent between populations and we conclude that chlorophyll a fluorescence data can serve as alternative predictors in statistical models of coffee hybrid performance. Future directions will explore their combination with other endophenotypes to further improve the prediction of growth-related traits for crops. KW - genomic prediction KW - phenomic prediction KW - 3-way coffee hybrids KW - chlorophyll a fluorescence KW - GenPred KW - Shared Data Resource Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac170 SN - 2160-1836 VL - 12 IS - 9 PB - Genetics Soc. of America CY - Pittsburgh, PA ER -