TY  - GEN
A1  - Zohsel, Katrin
A1  - Hohm, Erika
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
A1  - Brandeis, Daniel
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
T1  - Langfristige Folgen früher psychosozialer Risiken
T1  - Long-term consequences of early psychosocial risks
BT  - Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulationsprofil als vermittelnder Faktor
BT  - a mediating role of the Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - In einer prospektiven Längsschnittstudie wurden Auswirkungen früher psychosozialer Risiken bis ins junge Erwachsenenalter untersucht und dabei die Rolle von affektiver und behavioraler Dysregulation im Kindesalter als vermittelndem Faktor überprüft. Drei Monate nach der Geburt wurde das Vorliegen von 11 psychosozialen Belastungsfaktoren erfasst. Im Alter von 8 – 15 Jahren wurde dreimal das Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulationsprofil (CBCL-DP) erhoben. Mit 25 Jahren wurde ein Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview durchgeführt und 309 der Teilnehmer füllten den Young Adult Self-Report aus. Frühe psychosoziale Risiken gingen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für das Vorliegen eines Substanzmissbrauchs im jungen Erwachsenenalter sowie mit erhöhtem externalisierendem und internalisierendem Problemverhalten einher. Der Zusammenhang zwischen frühen psychosozialen Risiken und späterem externalisierendem bzw. internalisierendem Problemverhalten wurde durch das CBCL-DP vermittelt.
N2  - Numerous studies suggested an association between childhood adversities and later increased risk for mental illness. However, most studies have used adults’ retrospective self-reports for assessing adverse childhood experiences. Mechanisms underlying the association between childhood adversities and later psychopathology are not yet well understood. In the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, we prospectively examined the impact of early psychosocial risks on psychopathology in early adulthood. In addition, we tested the mediating role of childhood affective and behavioral dysregulation. In a total of 384 infants from the Rhine-Neckar region of Germany born between 1986 and 1988, the presence of 11 adverse family factors was assessed by use of a standardized parent interview conducted when the child was 3 months old. At the child’s age of 8, 11, and 15 years, parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The CBCL-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP) was formed by summing up the scores of the syndrome scales of aggressive, inattentive, and anxious/depressed behavior. At the age of 25 years, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) was conducted with n = 307 participants to obtain psychiatric diagnoses for the period of young adulthood. In addition, 309 participants filled out the Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) to assess current externalizing and internalizing problem behavior. With respect to psychiatric diagnoses during young adulthood, early psychosocial risks were associated with a significantly increased probability for suffering from substance abuse/dependence. By contrast, risk was not significantly increased for anxiety, depressive, and personality disorders. In addition, early psychosocial risks significantly predicted externalizing and internalizing behavior problems as measured by the YASR. The CBCL-DP was found to mediate this association. To conclude, our results confirm an association between childhood adversities and psychopathology in adulthood. Hence, findings from retrospective studies can also be replicated by the use of prospective study designs. Affective and behavioral dysregulation as measured by the CBCL-DP seems to be a mediating bridge between early psychosocial risks and long-term adverse consequences. The CBCL-DP may be used to identify children at an enhanced risk for developing chronic mental problems.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 609 
KW  - Psychosoziales Risiko
KW  - Längsschnittstudie
KW  - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie
KW  - Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulationsprofil
KW  - early adversity
KW  - longitudinal study
KW  - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk
KW  - Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433424
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 609
SP  - 203
EP  - 209
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Zitzmann, Jana
A1  - Warschburger, Petra
T1  - Psychometric properties of figure rating scales in children
BT  - the impact of figure ordering
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - This study examined psychometric properties of figure rating scales, particularly the effects of ascending silhouette ordering, in 153 children, 9 to 13 years old. Two versions of Collins’s (1991) figural rating scale were presented: the original scale (figures arranged ascendingly) and a modified version (randomized figure ordering. Ratings of current and ideal figure were elicited and body dissatisfaction was calculated. All children were randomly assigned to one of two subgroups and completed both scale versions in a different sequence. There were no significant differences in figure selection and body dissatisfaction between the two figure orderings. Regarding the selection of the current figure, results showed that girls are more affected by the silhouette ordering than boys. Our results suggest that figure rating scales are both valid and reliable, whereby correlation coefficients reveal greater stability for ideal figure selections and body dissatisfaction ratings when using the scale with ascending figure ordering.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 487 
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416871
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 487
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zghal, Firas
A1  - Colson, Serge S.
A1  - Blain, Grégory
A1  - Behm, David George
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Chaouachi, Anis
T1  - Combined Resistance and Plyometric Training Is More Effective Than Plyometric Training Alone for Improving Physical Fitness of Pubertal Soccer Players
JF  - frontiers in Physiology
N2  - The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined resistance and plyometric/sprint training with plyometric/sprint training or typical soccer training alone on muscle strength and power, speed, change-of-direction ability in young soccer players. Thirty-one young (14.5 ± 0.52 years; tanner stage 3–4) soccer players were randomly assigned to either a combined- (COMB, n = 14), plyometric-training (PLYO, n = 9) or an active control group (CONT, n = 8). Two training sessions were added to the regular soccer training consisting of one session of light-load high-velocity resistance exercises combined with one session of plyometric/sprint training (COMB), two sessions of plyometric/sprint training (PLYO) or two soccer training sessions (CONT). Training volume was similar between the experimental groups. Before and after 7-weeks of training, peak torque, as well as absolute and relative (normalized to torque; RTDr) rate of torque development (RTD) during maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensors (KE) were monitored at time intervals from the onset of contraction to 200 ms. Jump height, sprinting speed at 5, 10, 20-m and change-of-direction ability performances were also assessed. There were no significant between–group baseline differences. Both COMB and PLYO significantly increased their jump height (Δ14.3%; ES = 0.94; Δ12.1%; ES = 0.54, respectively) and RTD at mid to late phases but with greater within effect sizes in COMB in comparison with PLYO. However, significant increases in peak torque (Δ16.9%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.58), RTD (Δ44.3%; ES = 0.71), RTDr (Δ27.3%; ES = 0.62) and sprint performance at 5-m (Δ-4.7%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.73) were found in COMB without any significant pre-to-post change in PLYO and CONT groups. Our results suggest that COMB is more effective than PLYO or CONT for enhancing strength, sprint and jump performances.
KW  - strength
KW  - power
KW  - rate of torque development
KW  - jumping
KW  - running
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01026
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 10
IS  - August 2019
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Zghal, Firas
A1  - Colson, Serge S.
A1  - Blain, Grégory
A1  - Behm, David George
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Chaouachi, Anis
T1  - Combined Resistance and Plyometric Training Is More Effective Than Plyometric Training Alone for Improving Physical Fitness of Pubertal Soccer Players
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam
Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined resistance and plyometric/sprint training with plyometric/sprint training or typical soccer training alone on muscle strength and power, speed, change-of-direction ability in young soccer players. Thirty-one young (14.5 ± 0.52 years; tanner stage 3–4) soccer players were randomly assigned to either a combined- (COMB, n = 14), plyometric-training (PLYO, n = 9) or an active control group (CONT, n = 8). Two training sessions were added to the regular soccer training consisting of one session of light-load high-velocity resistance exercises combined with one session of plyometric/sprint training (COMB), two sessions of plyometric/sprint training (PLYO) or two soccer training sessions (CONT). Training volume was similar between the experimental groups. Before and after 7-weeks of training, peak torque, as well as absolute and relative (normalized to torque; RTDr) rate of torque development (RTD) during maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensors (KE) were monitored at time intervals from the onset of contraction to 200 ms. Jump height, sprinting speed at 5, 10, 20-m and change-of-direction ability performances were also assessed. There were no significant between–group baseline differences. Both COMB and PLYO significantly increased their jump height (Δ14.3%; ES = 0.94; Δ12.1%; ES = 0.54, respectively) and RTD at mid to late phases but with greater within effect sizes in COMB in comparison with PLYO. However, significant increases in peak torque (Δ16.9%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.58), RTD (Δ44.3%; ES = 0.71), RTDr (Δ27.3%; ES = 0.62) and sprint performance at 5-m (Δ-4.7%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.73) were found in COMB without any significant pre-to-post change in PLYO and CONT groups. Our results suggest that COMB is more effective than PLYO or CONT for enhancing strength, sprint and jump performances.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 576 
KW  - strength
KW  - power
KW  - rate of torque development
KW  - jumping
KW  - running
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437810
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 576
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
T1  - Does Peer Rejection Moderate the Associations among Cyberbullying Victimization, Depression, and Anxiety among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - While the consequences of cyberbullying victimization have received some attention in the literature, to date, little is known about the multiple types of strains in adolescents’ lives, such as whether cyberbullying victimization and peer rejection increase their vulnerability to depression and anxiety. Even though some research found that adolescents with disabilities show higher risk for cyberbullying victimization, most research has focused on typically developing adolescents. Thus, the present study focused on examining the moderating effect of peer rejection in the relationships between cyberbullying victimization, depression, and anxiety among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. There were 128 participants (89% male; ages ranging from 11–16 years old) with autism spectrum disorder in the sixth, seventh, or eighth grade at 16 middle schools in the United States. Participants completed questionnaires on cyberbullying victimization, peer rejection, depression, and anxiety. Results revealed that cyberbullying victimization was associated positively with peer rejection, anxiety, and depression among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Further, peer rejection was linked positively with depression and anxiety. Peer rejection moderated the positive relationship between cyberbullying victimization and depression, but not anxiety. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 544 
KW  - anxiety
KW  - depression
KW  - cyberbullying victimization
KW  - autism spectrum disorder
KW  - peer rejection
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427266
EP  - 544
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
T1  - Does Peer Rejection Moderate the Associations among Cyberbullying Victimization, Depression, and Anxiety among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
JF  - Children
N2  - While the consequences of cyberbullying victimization have received some attention in the literature, to date, little is known about the multiple types of strains in adolescents’ lives, such as whether cyberbullying victimization and peer rejection increase their vulnerability to depression and anxiety. Even though some research found that adolescents with disabilities show higher risk for cyberbullying victimization, most research has focused on typically developing adolescents. Thus, the present study focused on examining the moderating effect of peer rejection in the relationships between cyberbullying victimization, depression, and anxiety among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. There were 128 participants (89% male; ages ranging from 11–16 years old) with autism spectrum disorder in the sixth, seventh, or eighth grade at 16 middle schools in the United States. Participants completed questionnaires on cyberbullying victimization, peer rejection, depression, and anxiety. Results revealed that cyberbullying victimization was associated positively with peer rejection, anxiety, and depression among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Further, peer rejection was linked positively with depression and anxiety. Peer rejection moderated the positive relationship between cyberbullying victimization and depression, but not anxiety. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
KW  - anxiety
KW  - depression
KW  - cyberbullying victimization
KW  - autism spectrum disorder
KW  - peer rejection
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/children6030041
SN  - 2227-9067
VL  - 6
EP  - 3
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wolff, Wanja
A1  - Schindler, Sebastian
A1  - Englert, Christoph
A1  - Brand, Ralf
A1  - Kissler, Johanna
T1  - Uninstructed BIAT faking when ego depleted or in normal state
BT  - differential effect on brain and behavior
T2  - BMC neuroscience
N2  - Background:
Deception can distort psychological tests on socially sensitive topics. Understanding the cerebral 
processes that are involved in such faking can be useful in detection and prevention of deception. Previous research 
shows that faking a brief implicit association test (BIAT ) evokes a characteristic ERP response. It is not yet known 
whether temporarily available self-control resources moderate this response. We randomly assigned 22 participants 
(15 females, 24.23
±
2.91
years old) to a counterbalanced repeated-measurements design. Participants first com-
pleted a Brief-IAT (BIAT ) on doping attitudes as a baseline measure and were then instructed to fake a negative dop
-
ing attitude both when self-control resources were depleted and non-depleted. Cerebral activity during BIAT perfor
-
mance was assessed using high-density EEG.
Results:
Compared to the baseline BIAT, event-related potentials showed a first interaction at the parietal P1, 
while significant post hoc differences were found only at the later occurring late positive potential. Here, signifi-
cantly decreased amplitudes were recorded for ‘normal’ faking, but not in the depletion condition. In source space, 
enhanced activity was found for ‘normal’ faking in the bilateral temporoparietal junction. Behaviorally, participants 
were successful in faking the BIAT successfully in both conditions.
Conclusions:
Results indicate that temporarily available self-control resources do not affect overt faking success on 
a BIAT. However, differences were found on an electrophysiological level. This indicates that while on a phenotypical 
level self-control resources play a negligible role in deliberate test faking the underlying cerebral processes are markedly different.
KW  - EEG/ERP
KW  - implicit association test (IAT)
KW  - faking
KW  - deception
KW  - ego depletion
KW  - cognitive control
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407342
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wolff, Wanja
A1  - Schindler, Sebastian
A1  - Brand, Ralf
T1  - The effect of implicitly incentivized faking on explicit and implicit measures of doping attitude
BT  - when athletes want to pretend an even more negative attitude to doping
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The Implicit Association Test (IAT) aims to measure participants' automatic evaluation of an attitude object and is useful especially for the measurement of attitudes related to socially sensitive subjects, e.g. doping in sports. Several studies indicate that IAT scores can be faked on instruction. But fully or semi-instructed research scenarios might not properly reflect what happens in more realistic situations, when participants secretly decide to try faking the test. The present study is the first to investigate IAT faking when there is only an implicit incentive to do so. Sixty-five athletes (22.83 years +/- 2.45; 25 women) were randomly assigned to an incentive-to-fake condition or a control condition. Participants in the incentive-to-fake condition were manipulated to believe that athletes with lenient doping attitudes would be referred to a tedious 45-minute anti-doping program. Attitudes were measured with the pictorial doping brief IAT (BIAT) and with the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS). A one-way MANOVA revealed significant differences between conditions after the manipulation in PEAS scores, but not in the doping BIAT. In the light of our hypothesis this suggests that participants successfully faked an exceedingly negative attitude to doping when completing the PEAS, but were unsuccessful in doing so on the reaction time-based test. This study assessed BIAT faking in a setting that aimed to resemble a situation in which participants want to hide their attempts to cheat. The two measures of attitude were differentially affected by the implicit incentive. Our findings provide evidence that the pictorial doping BIAT is relatively robust against spontaneous and naive faking attempts. (B) IATs might be less prone to faking than implied by previous studies.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 524 
KW  - symptom validity tests
KW  - association test
KW  - predictive-validity
KW  - social cognition
KW  - performance
KW  - metaanalysis
KW  - IAT
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409854
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 524
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wolff, Wanja
A1  - Brand, Ralf
T1  - Editorial: using substances to enhance performance
BT  - a psychology of neuroenhancement
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 443 
KW  - neuroenhancement
KW  - cognitive enhancement
KW  - doping
KW  - behavior
KW  - performance enhancement
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407274
IS  - 443
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
A1  - Wiebking, Christine
T1  - Stress and Alterations in the Pain Matrix
BT  - A Biopsychosocial Perspective on Back Pain and Its Prevention and Treatment
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The genesis of chronic pain is explained by a biopsychosocial model. It hypothesizes an interdependency between environmental and genetic factors provoking aberrant long-term changes in biological and psychological regulatory systems. Physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors may play a crucial role in these maladaptive processes. Specifically, long-term demands on the stress response system may moderate central pain processing and influence descending serotonergic and noradrenergic signals from the brainstem, regulating nociceptive processing at the spinal level. However, the underlying mechanisms of this pathophysiological interplay still remain unclear. This paper aims to shed light on possible pathways between physical (exercise) and psychological stress and the potential neurobiological consequences in the genesis and treatment of chronic pain, highlighting evolving concepts and promising research directions in the treatment of chronic pain. Two treatment forms (exercise and mindfulness-based stress reduction as exemplary therapies), their interaction, and the dose-response will be discussed in more detail, which might pave the way to a better understanding of alterations in the pain matrix and help to develop future prevention and therapeutic concepts
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 438 
KW  - stress
KW  - allostatic load
KW  - relaxation
KW  - back pain
KW  - chronic pain
KW  - physical activity
KW  - exercise
KW  - neuroplasticity
KW  - pain matrix
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412058
IS  - 438
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
A1  - Wiebking, Christine
T1  - Stress and Alterations in the Pain Matrix
BT  - A Biopsychosocial Perspective on Back Pain and Its Prevention and Treatment
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
N2  - The genesis of chronic pain is explained by a biopsychosocial model. It hypothesizes an interdependency between environmental and genetic factors provoking aberrant long-term changes in biological and psychological regulatory systems. Physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors may play a crucial role in these maladaptive processes. Specifically, long-term demands on the stress response system may moderate central pain processing and influence descending serotonergic and noradrenergic signals from the brainstem, regulating nociceptive processing at the spinal level. However, the underlying mechanisms of this pathophysiological interplay still remain unclear. This paper aims to shed light on possible pathways between physical (exercise) and psychological stress and the potential neurobiological consequences in the genesis and treatment of chronic pain, highlighting evolving concepts and promising research directions in the treatment of chronic pain. Two treatment forms (exercise and mindfulness-based stress reduction as exemplary therapies), their interaction, and the dose-response will be discussed in more detail, which might pave the way to a better understanding of alterations in the pain matrix and help to develop future prevention and therapeutic concepts
KW  - stress
KW  - allostatic load
KW  - relaxation
KW  - back pain
KW  - chronic pain
KW  - physical activity
KW  - exercise
KW  - neuroplasticity
KW  - pain matrix
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040785
SN  - 1660-4601
SN  - 1661-7827
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - MDPI AG
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wiemers, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Effects of hand proximity and movement direction in spatial and temporal gap discrimination
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Previous research on the interplay between static manual postures and visual attention revealed enhanced visual selection near the hands (near-hand effect). During active movements there is also superior visual performance when moving toward compared to away from the stimulus (direction effect). The "modulated visual pathways" hypothesis argues that differential involvement of magno- and parvocellular visual processing streams causes the near-hand effect. The key finding supporting this hypothesis is an increase in temporal and a reduction in spatial processing in near-hand space (Gozli et al., 2012). Since this hypothesis has, so far, only been tested with static hand postures, we provide a conceptual replication of Gozli et al.'s (2012) result with moving hands, thus also probing the generality of the direction effect. Participants performed temporal or spatial gap discriminations while their right hand was moving below the display. In contrast to Gozli et al (2012), temporal gap discrimination was superior at intermediate and not near hand proximity. In spatial gap discrimination, a direction effect without hand proximity effect suggests that pragmatic attentional maps overshadowed temporal/spatial processing biases for far/near-hand space.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 428 
KW  - attention
KW  - perception and action
KW  - two visual systems
KW  - visual perception
KW  - movement preparation
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-406568
IS  - 428
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wiemers, Michael
A1  - Bekkering, Harold
A1  - Lindemann, Oliver
T1  - Two attributes of number meaning
BT  - numerical associations with visual space and size exist in parallel
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Many studies demonstrated interactions between number processing and either spatial codes (effects of spatial-numerical associations) or visual size-related codes (size-congruity effect). However, the interrelatedness of these two number couplings is still unclear. The present study examines the simultaneous occurrence of space- and size-numerical congruency effects and their interactions both within and across trials, in a magnitude judgment task physically small or large digits were presented left or right from screen center. The reaction times analysis revealed that space- and size-congruency effects coexisted in parallel and combined additively. Moreover, a selective sequential modulation of the two congruency effects was found. The size-congruency effect was reduced after size incongruent trials. The space-congruency effect, however, was only affected by the previous space congruency. The observed independence of spatial-numerical and within magnitude associations is interpreted as evidence that the two couplings reflect Different attributes of numerical meaning possibly related to orginality and cardinality.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 587 
KW  - gratton effect
KW  - shared magnitude representation
KW  - size-congruity effect
KW  - spatial-numerical associations
KW  - number processing
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433566
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 587
SP  - 253
EP  - 261
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Westphal, Andrea
A1  - Vock, Miriam
A1  - Stubbe, Tobias
T1  - Grade skipping from the perspective of teachers in Germany
BT  - the links between teachers’ decisions, acceptance, and perceived knowledge
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The present study explored teachers' perspectives on one specific type of acceleration, namely, grade skipping. In addition, we investigated the extent to which teachers' beliefs about students' academic, motivational, and social development after grade skipping may explain teachers' acceptance of this accelerative strategy. Moreover, we examined whether teachers' acceptance is linked to their decisions about using this intervention. Using data from the PARS project, which included 316 teachers from 18 secondary schools in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, we assessed teachers' acceptance, beliefs, and perceived knowledge about grade skipping using 4-point rating scales. Teachers also reported whether they had advised a student to skip a grade. Multilevel regression analyses indicated that teachers' beliefs about students' social, motivational, and academic development largely explained their acceptance. Teachers who showed a higher level of acceptance and perceived knowledge were more likely to have recommended grade skipping before. Educational implications are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 411 
KW  - grade skipping
KW  - teacher knowledge
KW  - teacher beliefs and practices
KW  - teacher attitudes
KW  - acceleration
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-405235
IS  - 411
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wernicke, Sarah
A1  - De Witt Huberts, Jessie
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - The pain of being misunderstood
BT  - invalidation of pain complaints in chronic low back pain patients
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - A particular form of social pain is invalidation. Therefore, this study (a) investigates whether patients with chronic low back pain experience invalidation, (b) if it has an influence on their pain, and (c) explores whether various social sources (e.g. partner and work) influence physical pain differentially. A total of 92 patients completed questionnaires, and for analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted. They indicated a significant association between discounting and disability due to pain (respective =.29, p>.05). Especially, discounting by partner was linked to higher disability (=.28, p>.05).
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 403 
KW  - chronic low back pain
KW  - disability
KW  - invalidation
KW  - social pain
KW  - social rejection
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404864
IS  - 403
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Werner, Karsten
A1  - Raab, Markus
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Moving arms
BT  - the effects of sensorimotor information on the problem-solving process
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Embodied cognition postulates a bi-directional link between the human body and its cognitive functions. Whether this holds for higher cognitive functions such as problem solving is unknown. We predicted that arm movement manipulations performed by the participants could affect the problem-solving solutions. We tested this prediction in quantitative reasoning tasks that allowed two solutions to each problem (addition or subtraction). In two studies with healthy adults (N=53 and N=50), we found an effect of problem-congruent movements on problem solutions. Consistent with embodied cognition, sensorimotor information gained via right or left arm movements affects the solution in different types of problem-solving tasks.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 488 
KW  - embodied cognition
KW  - eye movements
KW  - problem solving
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420579
UR  - urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420579
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 488
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wendt, Julia
A1  - Hufenbach, Miriam Catrin
A1  - König, Jörg
A1  - Hamm, Alfons O.
T1  - Effects of verbal instructions and physical threat removal prior to extinction training on the return of conditioned fear
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Instructions given prior to extinction training facilitate the extinction of conditioned skin conductance (SCRs) and fear-potentiated startle responses (FPSs) and serve as laboratory models for cognitive interventions implemented in exposure-based treatments of pathological anxiety. Here, we investigated how instructions given prior to extinction training, with or without the additional removal of the electrode used to deliver the unconditioned stimulus (US), affect the return of fear assessed 24 hours later. We replicated previous instruction effects on extinction and added that the additional removal of the US electrode slightly enhanced facilitating effects on the extinction of conditioned FPSs. In contrast, extinction instructions hardly affected the return of conditioned fear responses. These findings suggest that instruction effects observed during extinction training do not extent to tests of return of fear 24 hours later which serve as laboratory models of relapse and improvement stability of exposure-based treatments.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57934-7
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 10
PB  - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wendt, Julia
A1  - Hufenbach, Miriam Catrin
A1  - König, Jörg
A1  - Hamm, Alfons O.
T1  - Effects of verbal instructions and physical threat removal prior to extinction training on the return of conditioned fear
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Instructions given prior to extinction training facilitate the extinction of conditioned skin conductance (SCRs) and fear-potentiated startle responses (FPSs) and serve as laboratory models for cognitive interventions implemented in exposure-based treatments of pathological anxiety. Here, we investigated how instructions given prior to extinction training, with or without the additional removal of the electrode used to deliver the unconditioned stimulus (US), affect the return of fear assessed 24 hours later. We replicated previous instruction effects on extinction and added that the additional removal of the US electrode slightly enhanced facilitating effects on the extinction of conditioned FPSs. In contrast, extinction instructions hardly affected the return of conditioned fear responses. These findings suggest that instruction effects observed during extinction training do not extent to tests of return of fear 24 hours later which serve as laboratory models of relapse and improvement stability of exposure-based treatments.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 599 
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-444796
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 599
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Wattendorf, Elise
A1  - Festman, Julia
A1  - Westermann, Birgit
A1  - Keil, Ursula
A1  - Zappatore, Daniela
A1  - Franceschini, Rita
A1  - Luedi, Georges
A1  - Radue, Ernst-Wilhelm
A1  - Münte, Thomas F.
A1  - Rager, Günter
A1  - Nitsch, Cordula
T1  - Early bilingualism influences early and subsequently later acquired languages in cortical regions representing control functions
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Early acquisition of a second language influences the development of language abilities and cognitive functions. In the present study, we used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the impact of early bilingualism on the organization of the cortical language network during sentence production. Two groups of adult multilinguals, proficient in three languages, were tested on a narrative task; early multilinguals acquired the second language before the age of three years, late multilinguals after the age of nine. All participants learned a third language after nine years of age. Comparison of the two groups revealed substantial differences in language-related brain activity for early as well as late acquired languages. Most importantly, early multilinguals preferentially activated a fronto-striatal network in the left hemisphere, whereas the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) was activated to a lesser degree than in late multilinguals. The same brain regions were highlighted in previous studies when a non-target language had to be controlled. Hence the engagement of language control in adult early multilinguals appears to be influenced by the specific learning and acquisition conditions during early childhood. Remarkably, our results reveal that the functional control of early and subsequently later acquired languages is similarly affected, suggesting that language experience has a pervasive influence into adulthood. As such, our findings extend the current understanding of control functions in multilinguals.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 384 
KW  - multilingual
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - narration
KW  - age of acquisition
KW  - functional magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - emergentist framework
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404092
IS  - 384
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
T1  - Associations between Bystanders and Perpetrators of Online Hate
BT  - The Moderating Role of Toxic Online Disinhibition
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
N2  - Hatred directed at members of groups due to their origin, race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation is not new, but it has taken on a new dimension in the online world. To date, very little is known about online hate among adolescents. It is also unknown how online disinhibition might influence the association between being bystanders and being perpetrators of online hate. Thus, the present study focused on examining the associations among being bystanders of online hate, being perpetrators of online hate, and the moderating role of toxic online disinhibition in the relationship between being bystanders and perpetrators of online hate. In total, 1480 students aged between 12 and 17 years old were included in this study. Results revealed positive associations between being online hate bystanders and perpetrators, regardless of whether adolescents had or had not been victims of online hate themselves. The results also showed an association between toxic online disinhibition and online hate perpetration. Further, toxic online disinhibition moderated the relationship between being bystanders of online hate and being perpetrators of online hate. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
KW  - online hate
KW  - hate speech
KW  - bystander
KW  - perpetrator
KW  - online disinhibition
KW  - online discrimination
KW  - cyber aggression
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15092030
SN  - 1660-4601
SN  - 1661-7827
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -