TY - JOUR A1 - Zieris, Holger A1 - Gerstberger, Herbert A1 - Müller, Wolfgang T1 - Using Arduino-Based Experiments to Integrate Computer Science Education and Natural Science JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Current curricular trends require teachers in Baden- Wuerttemberg (Germany) to integrate Computer Science (CS) into traditional subjects, such as Physical Science. However, concrete guidelines are missing. To fill this gap, we outline an approach where a microcontroller is used to perform and evaluate measurements in the Physical Science classroom. Using the open-source Arduino platform, we expect students to acquire and develop both CS and Physical Science competencies by using a self-programmed microcontroller. In addition to this combined development of competencies in Physical Science and CS, the subject matter will be embedded in suitable contexts and learning environments, such as weather and climate. KW - Computer Science Education KW - Natural Science Education KW - Inquiry-based Learning KW - Physical Science KW - Measurement KW - Arduino KW - Sensors Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82938 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 381 EP - 389 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weigend, Michael T1 - How Things Work BT - Recognizing and Describing Functionality JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Recognizing and defining functionality is a key competence adopted in all kinds of programming projects. This study investigates how far students without specific informatics training are able to identify and verbalize functions and parameters. It presents observations from classroom activities on functional modeling in high school chemistry lessons with altogether 154 students. Finally it discusses the potential of functional modelling to improve the comprehension of scientific content. KW - Function KW - programming KW - parameter KW - competence KW - abstraction Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82814 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 285 EP - 298 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegner, Christian A1 - Zender, Raphael A1 - Lucke, Ulrike T1 - ProtoSense BT - Interactive Paper Prototyping with Multi-Touch Tables JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT KW - Interface design KW - paper prototyping KW - NUI Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82970 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 405 EP - 407 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Webb, Mary T1 - Considerations for the Design of Computing Curricula JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This paper originated from discussions about the need for important changes in the curriculum for Computing including two focus group meetings at IFIP conferences over the last two years. The paper examines how recent developments in curriculum, together with insights from curriculum thinking in other subject areas, especially mathematics and science, can inform curriculum design for Computing. The analysis presented in the paper provides insights into the complexity of curriculum design as well as identifying important constraints and considerations for the ongoing development of a vision and framework for a Computing curriculum. KW - Curriculum KW - Computer Science KW - Informatics KW - curriculum theory Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82723 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 267 EP - 283 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vierheller, Janine ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Exploratory Data Analysis JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - In bioinformatics the term exploratory data analysis refers to different methods to get an overview of large biological data sets. Hence, it helps to create a framework for further analysis and hypothesis testing. The workflow facilitates this first important step of the data analysis created by high-throughput technologies. The results are different plots showing the structure of the measurements. The goal of the workflow is the automatization of the exploratory data analysis, but also the flexibility should be guaranteed. The basic tool is the free software R. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 110 EP - 126 PB - Axel Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teske, Daniel T1 - Geocoder accuracy ranking JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - Finding an address on a map is sometimes tricky: the chosen map application may be unfamiliar with the enclosed region. There are several geocoders on the market, they have different databases and algorithms to compute the query. Consequently, the geocoding results differ in their quality. Fortunately the geocoders provide a rich set of metadata. The workflow described in this paper compares this metadata with the aim to find out which geocoder is offering the best-fitting coordinate for a given address. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 161 EP - 174 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tavakoli, Hamad A1 - Alirezazadeh, Pendar A1 - Hedayatipour, Ava A1 - Nasib, A. H. Banijamali A1 - Landwehr, Niels T1 - Leaf image-based classification of some common bean cultivars using discriminative convolutional neural networks JF - Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal N2 - In recent years, many efforts have been made to apply image processing techniques for plant leaf identification. However, categorizing leaf images at the cultivar/variety level, because of the very low inter-class variability, is still a challenging task. In this research, we propose an automatic discriminative method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for classifying 12 different cultivars of common beans that belong to three various species. We show that employing advanced loss functions, such as Additive Angular Margin Loss and Large Margin Cosine Loss, instead of the standard softmax loss function for the classification can yield better discrimination between classes and thereby mitigate the problem of low inter-class variability. The method was evaluated by classifying species (level I), cultivars from the same species (level II), and cultivars from different species (level III), based on images from the leaf foreside and backside. The results indicate that the performance of the classification algorithm on the leaf backside image dataset is superior. The maximum mean classification accuracies of 95.86, 91.37 and 86.87% were obtained at the levels I, II and III, respectively. The proposed method outperforms the previous relevant works and provides a reliable approach for plant cultivars identification. KW - Bean KW - Plant identification KW - Digital image analysis KW - VGG16 KW - Loss KW - functions Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105935 SN - 0168-1699 SN - 1872-7107 VL - 181 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sysło, Maciej M. A1 - Kwiatkowska, Anna Beata T1 - Think logarithmically! JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - We discuss here a number of algorithmic topics which we use in our teaching and in learning of mathematics and informatics to illustrate and document the power of logarithm in designing very efficient algorithms and computations – logarithmic thinking is one of the most important key competencies for solving real world practical problems. We demonstrate also how to introduce logarithm independently of mathematical formalism using a conceptual model for reducing a problem size by at least half. It is quite surprising that the idea, which leads to logarithm, is present in Euclid’s algorithm described almost 2000 years before John Napier invented logarithm. KW - Logarithm KW - binary search KW - binary representation KW - exponentiation KW - Euclid’s algorithm KW - Fibonacci numbers KW - divide and conquer KW - complexity Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82923 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 371 EP - 380 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steinert, Fritjof A1 - Stabernack, Benno T1 - Architecture of a low latency H.264/AVC video codec for robust ML based image classification how region of interests can minimize the impact of coding artifacts JF - Journal of Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology N2 - The use of neural networks is considered as the state of the art in the field of image classification. A large number of different networks are available for this purpose, which, appropriately trained, permit a high level of classification accuracy. Typically, these networks are applied to uncompressed image data, since a corresponding training was also carried out using image data of similar high quality. However, if image data contains image errors, the classification accuracy deteriorates drastically. This applies in particular to coding artifacts which occur due to image and video compression. Typical application scenarios for video compression are narrowband transmission channels for which video coding is required but a subsequent classification is to be carried out on the receiver side. In this paper we present a special H.264/Advanced Video Codec (AVC) based video codec that allows certain regions of a picture to be coded with near constant picture quality in order to allow a reliable classification using neural networks, whereas the remaining image will be coded using constant bit rate. We have combined this feature with the ability to run with lowest latency properties, which is usually also required in remote control applications scenarios. The codec has been implemented as a fully hardwired High Definition video capable hardware architecture which is suitable for Field Programmable Gate Arrays. KW - H.264 KW - Advanced Video Codec (AVC) KW - Low Latency KW - Region of Interest KW - Machine Learning KW - Inference KW - FPGA KW - Hardware accelerator Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-021-01727-2 SN - 1939-8018 SN - 1939-8115 VL - 94 IS - 7 SP - 693 EP - 708 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sens, Henriette T1 - Web-Based map generalization tools put to the test: a jABC workflow JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - Geometric generalization is a fundamental concept in the digital mapping process. An increasing amount of spatial data is provided on the web as well as a range of tools to process it. This jABC workflow is used for the automatic testing of web-based generalization services like mapshaper.org by executing its functionality, overlaying both datasets before and after the transformation and displaying them visually in a .tif file. Mostly Web Services and command line tools are used to build an environment where ESRI shapefiles can be uploaded, processed through a chosen generalization service and finally visualized in Irfanview. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 175 EP - 185 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schütt, Christine T1 - Identification of differentially expressed genes JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - With the jABC it is possible to realize workflows for numerous questions in different fields. The goal of this project was to create a workflow for the identification of differentially expressed genes. This is of special interest in biology, for it gives the opportunity to get a better insight in cellular changes due to exogenous stress, diseases and so on. With the knowledge that can be derived from the differentially expressed genes in diseased tissues, it becomes possible to find new targets for treatment. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 127 EP - 139 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulze, Gunnar T1 - Workflow for rapid metagenome analysis JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - Analyses of metagenomes in life sciences present new opportunities as well as challenges to the scientific community and call for advanced computational methods and workflows. The large amount of data collected from samples via next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies render manual approaches to sequence comparison and annotation unsuitable. Rather, fast and efficient computational pipelines are needed to provide comprehensive statistics and summaries and enable the researcher to choose appropriate tools for more specific analyses. The workflow presented here builds upon previous pipelines designed for automated clustering and annotation of raw sequence reads obtained from next-generation sequencing technologies such as 454 and Illumina. Employing specialized algorithms, the sequence reads are processed at three different levels. First, raw reads are clustered at high similarity cutoff to yield clusters which can be exported as multifasta files for further analyses. Independently, open reading frames (ORFs) are predicted from raw reads and clustered at two strictness levels to yield sets of non-redundant sequences and ORF families. Furthermore, single ORFs are annotated by performing searches against the Pfam database Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 88 EP - 100 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiller, Thomas T1 - Teaching Information Security (as Part of Key Competencies) BT - The Situation in Austria JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - The poster and abstract describe the importance of teaching information security in school. After a short description of information security and important aspects, I will show, how information security fits into different guidelines or models for computer science educations and that it is therefore on of the key competencies. Afterwards I will present you a rough insight of teaching information security in Austria. KW - Teaching information security KW - key competencies KW - computer science education KW - Austria Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82960 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 401 EP - 404 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheele, Lasse T1 - Location analysis for placing artificial reefs JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - Location analyses are among the most common tasks while working with spatial data and geographic information systems. Automating the most frequently used procedures is therefore an important aspect of improving their usability. In this context, this project aims to design and implement a workflow, providing some basic tools for a location analysis. For the implementation with jABC, the workflow was applied to the problem of finding a suitable location for placing an artificial reef. For this analysis three parameters (bathymetry, slope and grain size of the ground material) were taken into account, processed, and visualized with the The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT), which were integrated into the workflow as jETI-SIBs. The implemented workflow thereby showed that the approach to combine jABC with GMT resulted in an user-centric yet user-friendly tool with high-quality cartographic outputs. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 216 EP - 228 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaub, Torsten H. A1 - Woltran, Stefan T1 - Answer set programming unleashed! JF - Künstliche Intelligenz N2 - Answer Set Programming faces an increasing popularity for problem solving in various domains. While its modeling language allows us to express many complex problems in an easy way, its solving technology enables their effective resolution. In what follows, we detail some of the key factors of its success. Answer Set Programming [ASP; Brewka et al. Commun ACM 54(12):92–103, (2011)] is seeing a rapid proliferation in academia and industry due to its easy and flexible way to model and solve knowledge-intense combinatorial (optimization) problems. To this end, ASP offers a high-level modeling language paired with high-performance solving technology. As a result, ASP systems provide out-off-the-box, general-purpose search engines that allow for enumerating (optimal) solutions. They are represented as answer sets, each being a set of atoms representing a solution. The declarative approach of ASP allows a user to concentrate on a problem’s specification rather than the computational means to solve it. This makes ASP a prime candidate for rapid prototyping and an attractive tool for teaching key AI techniques since complex problems can be expressed in a succinct and elaboration tolerant way. This is eased by the tuning of ASP’s modeling language to knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR). The resulting impact is nicely reflected by a growing range of successful applications of ASP [Erdem et al. AI Mag 37(3):53–68, 2016; Falkner et al. Industrial applications of answer set programming. K++nstliche Intelligenz (2018)] Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-018-0550-z SN - 0933-1875 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 32 IS - 2-3 SP - 105 EP - 108 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saito, Toshinori T1 - The Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT viewed from Nussbaum’s Ten Central Capabilities JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This article shows a discussion about the key competencies in informatics and ICT viewed from a philosophical foundation presented by Martha Nussbaum, which is known as ‘ten central capabilities’. Firstly, the outline of ‘The Capability Approach’, which has been presented by Amartya Sen and Nussbaum as a theoretical framework of assessing the state of social welfare, will be explained. Secondly, the body of Nussbaum’s ten central capabilities and the reason for being applied as the basis of discussion will be shown. Thirdly, the relationship between the concept of ‘capability’ and ‘competency’ is to be discussed. After that, the author’s assumption of the key competencies in informatics and ICT led from the examination of Nussbaum’s ten capabilities will be presented. KW - Capability approach KW - competency KW - teaching informatics in general education KW - philosophical foundation of informatics pedagogy KW - education and public policy Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82718 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 253 EP - 266 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reynolds, Nicholas A1 - Swainston, Andrew A1 - Bendrups, Faye T1 - Music Technology and Computational Thinking BT - Young People displaying Competence JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - A project involving the composition of a number of pieces of music by public participants revealed levels of engagement with and mastery of complex music technologies by a number of secondary student volunteers. This paper reports briefly on some initial findings of that project and seeks to illuminate an understanding of computational thinking across the curriculum. KW - Computational Thinking KW - Music Technology KW - ICT Competence KW - Young People Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82913 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 363 EP - 370 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Respondek, Tobias T1 - A workflow for computing potential areas for wind turbines JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - This paper describes the implementation of a workflow model for service-oriented computing of potential areas for wind turbines in jABC. By implementing a re-executable model the manual effort of a multi-criteria site analysis can be reduced. The aim is to determine the shift of typical geoprocessing tools of geographic information systems (GIS) from the desktop to the web. The analysis is based on a vector data set and mainly uses web services of the “Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems” (CSISS). This paper discusses effort, benefits and problems associated with the use of the web services. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 IS - 500 SP - 200 EP - 215 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reso, Judith ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Protein Classification Workflow JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - The protein classification workflow described in this report enables users to get information about a novel protein sequence automatically. The information is derived by different bioinformatic analysis tools which calculate or predict features of a protein sequence. Also, databases are used to compare the novel sequence with known proteins. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 65 EP - 72 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Przybylla, Mareen A1 - Romeike, Ralf T1 - Key Competences with Physical Computing JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Physical computing covers the design and realization of interactive objects and installations and allows students to develop concrete, tangible products of the real world that arise from the learners’ imagination. This way, constructionist learning is raised to a level that enables students to gain haptic experience and thereby concretizes the virtual. In this paper the defining characteristics of physical computing are described. Key competences to be gained with physical computing will be identified. KW - Defining characteristics of physical computing KW - key competences in physical computing KW - physical computing tools Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82904 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 351 EP - 361 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Preston, Christina A1 - Younie, Sarah T1 - Mentoring in a Digital World BT - What are the Issues? JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This paper focuses on the results of the evaluation of the first pilot of an e-mentoring unit designed by the Hands-On ICT consortium, funded by the EU LLL programme. The overall aim of this two-year activity is to investigate the value for professional learning of Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) and Community Online Open Courses (COOCs) in the context of a ‘community of practice’. Three units in the first pilot covered aspects of using digital technologies to develop creative thinking skills. The findings in this paper relate to the fourth unit about e-mentoring, a skill that was important to delivering the course content in the other three units. Findings about the e-mentoring unit included: the students’ request for detailed profiles so that participants can get to know each other; and, the need to reconcile the different interpretations of e-mentoring held by the participants when the course begins. The evaluators concluded that the major issues were that: not all professional learners would self-organise and network; and few would wish to mentor their colleagues voluntarily. Therefore, the e-mentoring issues will need careful consideration in pilots two and three to identify how e-mentoring will be organised. KW - MOOCs KW - e-mentoring KW - professional development KW - ICT skills KW - user-centred Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82895 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 343 EP - 350 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pousttchi, Key A1 - Gleiß, Alexander T1 - Surrounded by middlemen - how multi-sided platforms change the insurance industry JF - Electron Markets N2 - Multi-sided platforms (MSP) strongly affect markets and play a crucial part within the digital and networked economy. Although empirical evidence indicates their occurrence in many industries, research has not investigated the game-changing impact of MSP on traditional markets to a sufficient extent. More specifically, we have little knowledge of how MSP affect value creation and customer interaction in entire markets, exploiting the potential of digital technologies to offer new value propositions. Our paper addresses this research gap and provides an initial systematic approach to analyze the impact of MSP on the insurance industry. For this purpose, we analyze the state of the art in research and practice in order to develop a reference model of the value network for the insurance industry. On this basis, we conduct a case-study analysis to discover and analyze roles which are occupied or even newly created by MSP. As a final step, we categorize MSP with regard to their relation to traditional insurance companies, resulting in a classification scheme with four MSP standard types: Competition, Coordination, Cooperation, Collaboration. KW - Multi-sided platforms KW - Insurance industry KW - Value network KW - Digitalization KW - Customer ownership Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-019-00363-w SN - 1019-6781 SN - 1422-8890 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 609 EP - 629 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petre, Marian T1 - Computing is not a spectator sport BT - rethinking how we introduce our discipline to students JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID) N2 - This talk will describe My Digital Life (TU100), a distance learning module that introduces computer science through immediate engagement with ubiquitous computing (ubicomp). This talk will describe some of the principles and concepts we have adopted for this modern computing introduction: the idea of the ‘informed digital citizen’; engagement through narrative; playful pedagogy; making the power of ubicomp available to novices; setting technical skills in real contexts. It will also trace how the pedagogy is informed by experiences and research in Computer Science education. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65045 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 5 SP - 155 EP - 159 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Passig, David A1 - Tzuriel, David A1 - Kedmi, Ganit Eshel T1 - Improving children’s Cognitive Modifiability through Mediated Learning and Dynamic Assessment within 3D Immersive Virtual Reality Environment JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - The objectives of this study were to examine (a) the effect of dynamic assessment (DA) in a 3D Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) environment as compared with computerized 2D and noncomputerized (NC) situations on cognitive modifiability, and (b) the transfer effects of these conditions on more difficult problem solving administered two weeks later in a non-computerized environment. A sample of 117 children aged 6:6-9:0 years were randomly assigned into three experimental groups of DA conditions: 3D, 2D, and NC, and one control group (C). All groups received the pre- and post-teaching Analogies subtest of the Cognitive Modifiability Battery (CMB-AN). The experimental groups received a teaching phase in conditions similar to the pre-and post-teaching phases. The findings showed that cognitive modifiability, in a 3D IVR, was distinctively higher than in the two other experimental groups (2D computer group and NC group). It was also found that the 3D group showed significantly higher performance in transfer problems than the 2D and NC groups. KW - Dynamic assessment KW - mediated learning experience KW - cognitive modifiability KW - analogical thinking KW - virtual reality Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82705 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 235 EP - 252 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Or-Bach, Rachel T1 - Programming for Non-Programmers BT - Fostering Comprehension Capabilities by Employing a PRS JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - The study reported in this paper involved the employment of specific in-class exercises using a Personal Response System (PRS). These exercises were designed with two goals: to enhance students’ capabilities of tracing a given code and of explaining a given code in natural language with some abstraction. The paper presents evidence from the actual use of the PRS along with students’ subjective impressions regarding both the use of the PRS and the special exercises. The conclusions from the findings are followed with a short discussion on benefits of PRS-based mental processing exercises for learning programming and beyond. KW - Novice programmers KW - comprehension KW - tracing KW - personal response systems Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82875 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 335 EP - 342 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Opel, Simone A1 - Kramer, Matthias A1 - Trommen, Michael A1 - Pottbäcker, Florian A1 - Ilaghef, Youssef T1 - BugHunt BT - A Motivating Approach to Self-Directed Problem-solving in Operating Systems JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Competencies related to operating systems and computer security are usually taught systematically. In this paper we present a different approach, in which students have to remove virus-like behaviour on their respective computers, which has been induced by software developed for this purpose. They have to develop appropriate problem-solving strategies and thereby explore essential elements of the operating system. The approach was implemented exemplarily in two computer science courses at a regional general upper secondary school and showed great motivation and interest in the participating students. KW - Educational software KW - operating system KW - student activation KW - problem-solving KW - interactive course KW - interactive workshop KW - edutainment KW - secondary computer science education Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82693 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 217 EP - 233 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Opel, Simone T1 - On the Way to a “General Model of Contextualised Computer Science Education” BT - A Criteria-based Comparison of “Computer Science in Context” and the Concept of “Learning Fields” JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT KW - Vocational Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Computer Science Education KW - Learning Fields KW - Contextualisation KW - Computer Science in Context KW - Activity-orientated Learning Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82953 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 397 EP - 400 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ohrndorf, Laura T1 - Assignments in Computer Science Education BT - Results of an Analysis of Textbooks, Curricula and other Resources JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - In this paper we describe the recent state of our research project concerning computer science teachers’ knowledge on students’ cognition. We did a comprehensive analysis of textbooks, curricula and other resources, which give teachers guidance to formulate assignments. In comparison to other subjects there are only a few concepts and strategies taught to prospective computer science teachers in university. We summarize them and given an overview on our empirical approach to measure this knowledge. KW - Pedagogical content knowledge KW - computer science teachers KW - students’ knowledge KW - students’ conceptions Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82868 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 327 EP - 333 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nylén, Aletta A1 - Dörge, Christina T1 - Using competencies to structure scientific writing education JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID) N2 - Scientific writing is an important skill for computer science and computer engineering professionals. In this paper we present a writing concept across the curriculum program directed towards scientific writing. The program is built around a hierarchy of learning outcomes. The hierarchy is constructed through analyzing the learning outcomes in relation to competencies that are needed to fulfill them. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64851 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 5 SP - 33 EP - 44 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noack, Franziska T1 - CREADED: Colored-Relief application for digital elevation data JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - In the geoinformatics field, remote sensing data is often used for analyzing the characteristics of the current investigation area. This includes DEMs, which are simple raster grids containing grey scales representing the respective elevation values. The project CREADED that is presented in this paper aims at making these monochrome raster images more significant and more intuitively interpretable. For this purpose, an executable interactive model for creating a colored and relief-shaded Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been designed using the jABC framework. The process is based on standard jABC-SIBs and SIBs that provide specific GIS functions, which are available as Web services, command line tools and scripts. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 186 EP - 199 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Micheuz, Peter T1 - Discussing Educational Standards for Digital Competence and/or Informatics Education at Lower Secondary Level JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Participants of this workshop will be confronted exemplarily with a considerable inconsistency of global Informatics education at lower secondary level. More importantly, they are invited to contribute actively on this issue in form of short case studies of their countries. Until now, very few countries have been successful in implementing Informatics or Computing at primary and lower secondary level. The spectrum from digital literacy to informatics, particularly as a discipline in its own right, has not really achieved a breakthrough and seems to be underrepresented for these age groups. The goal of this workshop is not only to discuss the anamnesis and diagnosis of this fragmented field, but also to discuss and suggest viable forms of therapy in form of setting educational standards. Making visible good practices in some countries and comparing successful approaches are rewarding tasks for this workshop. Discussing and defining common educational standards on a transcontinental level for the age group of 14 to 15 years old students in a readable, assessable and acceptable form should keep the participants of this workshop active beyond the limited time at the workshop. KW - Educational Standards KW - Digital Competence KW - Informatics Education KW - Computing KW - Lower Secondary Level Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-83008 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 425 EP - 431 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maina, Anthony Gioko A1 - Angondi, Enos Kiforo A1 - Waga, Rosemary T1 - How does the Implementation of a Literacy Learning Tool Kit influence Literacy Skill Acquisition? JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This study aimed at following how teachers transfer skills into results while using ABRA literacy software. This was done in the second part of the pilot study whose aim was to provide equity to control group teachers and students by exposing them to the ABRACADABRA treatment after the end of phase 1. This opportunity was used to follow the phase 1 teachers to see how the skills learned were being transformed into results. A standard three-day initial training and planning session on how to use ABRA to teach literacy was held at the beginning of each phase for ABRA teachers (phase 1 experimental and phase 2 delayed ABRA). Teachers were provided with teaching materials including a tentative ABRA curriculum developed to align with the Kenyan English Language requirements for year 1 and 3 students. Results showed that although there was no significant difference between the groups in vocabulary-related subscales which include word reading and meaning as well as sentence comprehension, students in ABRACADABRA classes improved their scores at a significantly higher rate than students in control classes in comprehension related scores. An average student in the ABRACADABRA group improved by 12 and 16 percentile points respectively compared to their counterparts in the control group. KW - ABRACADABRA KW - Early Literacy KW - Achievement KW - Teachers KW - Learners Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82856 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 319 EP - 326 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magenheim, Johannes A1 - Schubert, Sigrid A1 - Schapert, Niclas T1 - Modelling and Measurement of Competencies in Computer Science Education JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - As a result of the Bologna reform of educational systems in Europe the outcome orientation of learning processes, competence-oriented descriptions of the curricula and competence-oriented assessment procedures became standard also in Computer Science Education (CSE). The following keynote addresses important issues of shaping a CSE competence model especially in the area of informatics system comprehension and object-oriented modelling. Objectives and research methodology of the project MoKoM (Modelling and Measurement of Competences in CSE) are explained. Firstly, the CSE competence model was derived based on theoretical concepts and then secondly the model was empirically examined and refined using expert interviews. Furthermore, the paper depicts the development and examination of a competence measurement instrument, which was derived from the competence model. Therefore, the instrument was applied to a large sample of students at the gymnasium’s upper class level. Subsequently, efforts to develop a competence level model, based on the retrieved empirical results and on expert ratings are presented. Finally, further demands on research on competence modelling in CSE will be outlined. KW - Competence Modelling KW - Competence Measurement KW - Informatics System Application KW - Informatics System Comprehension KW - Informatics Modelling KW - Secondary Education Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82592 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 33 EP - 57 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magenheim, Johannes A1 - Nelles, Wolfgang A1 - Neugebauer, Jonas A1 - Ohrndorf, Laura A1 - Schaper, Niclas A1 - Schubert, Sigrid T1 - Expert Rating of Competence Levels in Upper Secondary Computer Science Education JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - In the project MoKoM, which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) from 2008 to 2012, a test instrument measuring students’ competences in computer science was developed. This paper presents the results of an expert rating of the levels of students’ competences done for the items of the instrument. At first we will describe the difficulty-relevant features that were used for the evaluation. These were deduced from computer science, psychological and didactical findings and resources. Potentials and desiderata of this research method are discussed further on. Finally we will present our conclusions on the results and give an outlook on further steps. KW - Competence Modelling KW - Competence Measurement KW - Informatics System Application KW - Informatics System Comprehension KW - Informatics Modelling KW - Secondary Education Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82683 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 199 EP - 216 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Luther, Laura A1 - Tiberius, Victor A1 - Brem, Alexander T1 - User experience (UX) in business, management, and psychology BT - a bibliometric mapping of the current state of research JF - Multimodal technologies and interaction : open access journal N2 - User Experience (UX) describes the holistic experience of a user before, during, and after interaction with a platform, product, or service. UX adds value and attraction to their sole functionality and is therefore highly relevant for firms. The increased interest in UX has produced a vast amount of scholarly research since 1983. The research field is, therefore, complex and scattered. Conducting a bibliometric analysis, we aim at structuring the field quantitatively and rather abstractly. We employed citation analyses, co-citation analyses, and content analyses to evaluate productivity and impact of extant research. We suggest that future research should focus more on business and management related topics. KW - bibliometric analysis KW - co-citation analysis KW - co-occurrence analysis KW - citation analysis KW - user experience KW - UX Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4020018 SN - 2414-4088 VL - 4 IS - 2 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lis, Monika ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - In this project I constructed a workflow that takes a DNA sequence as input and provides a phylogenetic tree, consisting of the input sequence and other sequences which were found during a database search. In this phylogenetic tree the sequences are arranged depending on similarities. In bioinformatics, constructing phylogenetic trees is often used to explore the evolutionary relationships of genes or organisms and to understand the mechanisms of evolution itself. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 101 EP - 109 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lewin, Cathy A1 - McNicol, Sarah T1 - Supporting the Development of 21st Century Skills through ICT JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - The growing impact of globalisation and the development of a ‘knowledge society’ have led many to argue that 21st century skills are essential for life in twenty-first century society and that ICT is central to their development. This paper describes how 21st century skills, in particular digital literacy, critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration skills, have been conceptualised and embedded in the resources developed for teachers in iTEC, a four-year, European project. The effectiveness of this approach is considered in light of the data collected through the evaluation of the pilots, which considers both the potential benefits of using technology to support the development of 21st century skills, but also the challenges of doing so. Finally, the paper discusses the learning support systems required in order to transform pedagogies and embed 21st century skills. It is argued that support is required in standards and assessment; curriculum and instruction; professional development; and learning environments. KW - 21st century skills, KW - primary education KW - secondary education KW - pedagogy KW - innovation Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82672 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 181 EP - 198 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena A1 - Wickert, Alexander A1 - Margaria, Tiziana ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Lessons Learned JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - This chapter summarizes the experience and the lessons we learned concerning the application of the jABC as a framework for design and execution of scientific workflows. It reports experiences from the domain modeling (especially service integration) and workflow design phases and evaluates the resulting models statistically with respect to the SIB library and hierarchy levels. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 45 EP - 64 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena A1 - Wickert, Alexander ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - The Course's SIB Libraries JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - This chapter gives a detailed description of the service framework underlying all the example projects that form the foundation of this book. It describes the different SIB libraries that we made available for the course “Process modeling in the natural sciences” to provide the functionality that was required for the envisaged applications. The students used these SIB libraries to realize their projects. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 30 EP - 44 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena A1 - Margaria, Tiziana A1 - Steffen, Bernhard ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Modeling and Execution of Scientific Workflows with the jABC Framework JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - We summarize here the main characteristics and features of the jABC framework, used in the case studies as a graphical tool for modeling scientific processes and workflows. As a comprehensive environment for service-oriented modeling and design according to the XMDD (eXtreme Model-Driven Design) paradigm, the jABC offers much more than the pure modeling capability. Associated technologies and plugins provide in fact means for a rich variety of supporting functionality, such as remote service integration, taxonomical service classification, model execution, model verification, model synthesis, and model compilation. We describe here in short both the essential jABC features and the service integration philosophy followed in the environment. In our work over the last years we have seen that this kind of service definition and provisioning platform has the potential to become a core technology in interdisciplinary service orchestration and technology transfer: Domain experts, like scientists not specially trained in computer science, directly define complex service orchestrations as process models and use efficient and complex domain-specific tools in a simple and intuitive way. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 14 EP - 29 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena A1 - Margaria, Tiziana ED - Lambrecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Scientific Workflows and XMDD JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - A major part of the scientific experiments that are carried out today requires thorough computational support. While database and algorithm providers face the problem of bundling resources to create and sustain powerful computation nodes, the users have to deal with combining sets of (remote) services into specific data analysis and transformation processes. Today’s attention to “big data” amplifies the issues of size, heterogeneity, and process-level diversity/integration. In the last decade, especially workflow-based approaches to deal with these processes have enjoyed great popularity. This book concerns a particularly agile and model-driven approach to manage scientific workflows that is based on the XMDD paradigm. In this chapter we explain the scope and purpose of the book, briefly describe the concepts and technologies of the XMDD paradigm, explain the principal differences to related approaches, and outline the structure of the book. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena A1 - Margaria, Tiziana ED - Lamprecht, Anna-Lena ED - Margaria, Tiziana T1 - Scientific workflows and XMDD JF - Process design for natural scientists Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-662-45006-2 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lai, Kwok-Wing A1 - Davis, Niki A1 - Eickelmann, Birgit A1 - Erstad, Ola A1 - Fisser, Petra A1 - Gibson, David A1 - Khaddage, Ferial A1 - Knezek, Gerald A1 - Webb, Mary T1 - Tackling Educational Challenges in a Digitally Networked World BT - Strategies developed from the EDUSummIT 2013 JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT KW - Assessment KW - computational thinking KW - digitally-enabled pedagogies KW - educational systems KW - informal and formal learning KW - mobile learning KW - mobile technologies and apps KW - organisational evolution Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82997 SN - 1868-0844 IS - 7 SP - 415 EP - 423 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lagriffoul, Fabien A1 - Andres, Benjamin T1 - Combining task and motion planning BT - A culprit detection problem JF - The international journal of robotics research N2 - Solving problems combining task and motion planning requires searching across a symbolic search space and a geometric search space. Because of the semantic gap between symbolic and geometric representations, symbolic sequences of actions are not guaranteed to be geometrically feasible. This compels us to search in the combined search space, in which frequent backtracks between symbolic and geometric levels make the search inefficient.We address this problem by guiding symbolic search with rich information extracted from the geometric level through culprit detection mechanisms. KW - combined task and motion planning KW - manipulation planning Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0278364915619022 SN - 1741-3176 SN - 0278-3649 VL - 35 IS - 8 SP - 890 EP - 927 PB - Sage Science Press CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuntzsch, Christian T1 - Visualization of data transfer paths JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - A workflow for visualizing server connections using the Google Maps API was built in the jABC. It makes use of three basic services: An XML-based IP address geolocation web service, a command line tool and the Static Maps API. The result of the workflow is an URL leading to an image file of a map, showing server connections between a client and a target host. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 140 EP - 148 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreowsky, Philipp A1 - Stabernack, Christian Benno T1 - A full-featured FPGA-based pipelined architecture for SIFT extraction JF - IEEE access : practical research, open solutions / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers N2 - Image feature detection is a key task in computer vision. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is a prevalent and well known algorithm for robust feature detection. However, it is computationally demanding and software implementations are not applicable for real-time performance. In this paper, a versatile and pipelined hardware implementation is proposed, that is capable of computing keypoints and rotation invariant descriptors on-chip. All computations are performed in single precision floating-point format which makes it possible to implement the original algorithm with little alteration. Various rotation resolutions and filter kernel sizes are supported for images of any resolution up to ultra-high definition. For full high definition images, 84 fps can be processed. Ultra high definition images can be processed at 21 fps. KW - Field programmable gate arrays KW - Convolution KW - Signal processing KW - algorithms KW - Kernel KW - Image resolution KW - Histograms KW - Feature extraction KW - Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) KW - field-programmable gate array KW - (FPGA) KW - image processing KW - computer vision KW - parallel processing KW - architecture KW - real-time KW - hardware architecture Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3104387 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 9 SP - 128564 EP - 128573 PB - Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kalas, Ivan T1 - Programming at Pre-primary and Primary Levels BT - The Pipeline Can Start That Early JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT KW - Learning interfaces development KW - computational thinking KW - educational programming KW - primary level KW - pre-primary level Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82587 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 29 EP - 31 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jones, Anthony T1 - ICT Competencies for School Students JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This paper discusses results from a small-scale research study, together with some recently published research into student perceptions of ICT for learning in schools, to consider relevant skills that do not appear to currently being taught. The paper concludes by raising three issues relating to learning with and through ICT that need to be addressed in school curricula and classroom teaching. KW - Learning with ICT KW - student perceptions KW - student experience Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82663 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Yizhen A1 - Richter, Eric A1 - Kleickmann, Thilo A1 - Wiepke, Axel A1 - Richter, Dirk T1 - Classroom complexity affects student teachers’ behavior in a VR classroom JF - Computers & education : an international journal N2 - Student teachers often struggle to keep track of everything that is happening in the classroom, and particularly to notice and respond when students cause disruptions. The complexity of the classroom environment is a potential contributing factor that has not been empirically tested. In this experimental study, we utilized a virtual reality (VR) classroom to examine whether classroom complexity affects the likelihood of student teachers noticing disruptions and how they react after noticing. Classroom complexity was operationalized as the number of disruptions and the existence of overlapping disruptions (multidimensionality) as well as the existence of parallel teaching tasks (simultaneity). Results showed that student teachers (n = 50) were less likely to notice the scripted disruptions, and also less likely to respond to the disruptions in a comprehensive and effortful manner when facing greater complexity. These results may have implications for both teacher training and the design of VR for training or research purpose. This study contributes to the field from two aspects: 1) it revealed how features of the classroom environment can affect student teachers' noticing of and reaction to disruptions; and 2) it extends the functionality of the VR environment-from a teacher training tool to a testbed of fundamental classroom processes that are difficult to manipulate in real-life. KW - Augmented and virtual reality KW - Simulations KW - Improving classroom KW - teaching KW - Media in education KW - Pedagogical issues Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.104100 SN - 0360-1315 SN - 1873-782X VL - 163 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollmann, Susanne A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Endrullat, Christoph A1 - Kremer, Andreas A1 - D’Elia, Domenica A1 - Regierer, Babette A1 - Nechyporenko, Alina T1 - Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure JF - PLOS Computational Biology N2 - Research publications and data nowadays should be publicly available on the internet and, theoretically, usable for everyone to develop further research, products, or services. The long-term accessibility of research data is, therefore, fundamental in the economy of the research production process. However, the availability of data is not sufficient by itself, but also their quality must be verifiable. Measures to ensure reuse and reproducibility need to include the entire research life cycle, from the experimental design to the generation of data, quality control, statistical analysis, interpretation, and validation of the results. Hence, high-quality records, particularly for providing a string of documents for the verifiable origin of data, are essential elements that can act as a certificate for potential users (customers). These records also improve the traceability and transparency of data and processes, therefore, improving the reliability of results. Standards for data acquisition, analysis, and documentation have been fostered in the last decade driven by grassroot initiatives of researchers and organizations such as the Research Data Alliance (RDA). Nevertheless, what is still largely missing in the life science academic research are agreed procedures for complex routine research workflows. Here, well-crafted documentation like standard operating procedures (SOPs) offer clear direction and instructions specifically designed to avoid deviations as an absolute necessity for reproducibility. Therefore, this paper provides a standardized workflow that explains step by step how to write an SOP to be used as a starting point for appropriate research documentation. Y1 - 2020 VL - 16 IS - 9 PB - PLOS CY - San Francisco ER -