TY - THES A1 - Brase, Alexa Kristin T1 - Spiele um Studium und Lehre? Zur mikropolitischen Nutzung von Qualitätsmanagementsystemen an Hochschulen in Deutschland T1 - About the micropolitical use of quality management systems in German higher education N2 - Die Wissenschaftsfreiheit ist ein Grundrecht, dessen Sinn und Auslegung im Rahmen von Reformen des Hochschulsystems nicht nur der Justiz, sondern auch der Wissenschaft selbst immer wieder Anlass zur Diskussion geben, so auch im Zuge der Einführung des so genannten Qualitätsmanagements von Studium und Lehre an deutschen Hochschulen. Die vorliegende Dissertationsschrift stellt die Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie vor, die mit einer soziologischen Betrachtung des Qualitätsmanagements unterschiedlicher Hochschulen zu dieser Diskussion beiträgt. Auf Grundlage der Prämisse, dass Verlauf und Folgen einer organisationalen Innovation nur verstanden werden können, wenn der alltägliche Umgang der Organisationsmitglieder mit den neuen Strukturen und Prozessen in die Analyse einbezogen wird, geht die Studie von der Frage aus, wie Akteurinnen und Akteure an deutschen Hochschulen die Qualitätsmanagementsysteme ihrer Organisationen nutzen. Die qualitative inhaltsanalytische Auswertung von 26 Leitfaden-Interviews mit Prorektorinnen und -rektoren, Qualitätsmanagement-Personal und Studiendekaninnen und -dekanen an neun Hochschulen ergibt, dass die Strategien der Akteursgruppen an den Hochschulen im Zusammenspiel mit strukturellen Aspekten unterschiedliche Dynamiken entstehen lassen, mit denen Implikationen für die Lehrfreiheit verbunden sind: Während die Autonomie der Lehrenden durch das Qualitätsmanagement an einigen Hochschulen unterstützt wird, sind sowohl Autonomie als auch Verantwortung für Studium und Lehre an anderen Hochschulen Gegenstand andauernder Konflikte, die auch das Qualitätsmanagement einschließen. N2 - The meaning and interpretation of academic freedom in the context of higher education reforms in Germany create legal disputes as well as discussions within higher education itself. The introduction of quality management for study programs and teaching at German universities is one of the current topics related to these discussions. This dissertation contributes to them by presenting the results of an empirical study on different universities’ quality management systems. The study is based on the premise that the course and consequences of an organisational innovation can only be understood by including the day-to-day work of the organisation’s members with the new structures and processes in the analysis. It starts, therefore, with the question: How do actors at German universities use the quality management systems of their organisations? Twenty-six interviews were conducted with vice-rectors, quality management staff and deans of studies at nine universities. A qualitative content analysis shows that the strategies of the different groups of actors create different dynamics in interaction with structural characteristics. There are implications for academic freedom associated with this: At some universities, the autonomy of university teachers is supported by quality management, while at other universities, both autonomy and responsibility for study programs and teaching are the subject of ongoing conflicts also involving quality management. KW - Hochschulen KW - Qualitätsmanagement KW - Mikropolitik KW - higher education KW - quality management KW - micropolitics Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437377 ER - TY - THES A1 - Radtke, Ina T1 - Organizing immigration BT - German ministerial bureaucracies in a dynamic policy field N2 - Immigration constitutes a dynamic policy field with – often quite unpredictable – dynamics. This is based on immigration constituting a ‘wicked problem’ meaning that it is characterized by uncertainty, ambiguity and complexity. Due to the dynamics in the policy field, expectations towards public administrations often change. Following neo-institutionalist theory, public administrations depend on meeting the expectations in the organizational field in order to maintain legitimacy as the basis for, e.g., resources and compliance of stakeholders. With the dynamics in the policy field, expectations might change and public administrations consequently need to adapt in order to maintain or repair the then threatened legitimacy. If their organizational legitimacy is threatened by a perception of structures and processes being inadequate for changed expectations, an ‘institutional crisis’ unfolds. However, we know little about ministerial bureaucracies’ structural reactions to such crucial momentums and how this effects the quest for coordination within policy-making. Overall, the dissertation thus links to both policy analysis and public administration research and consists of five publications. It asks: How do structures in ministerial bureaucracies change in the context of institutional crises? And what effect do these changes have on ministerial coordination? The dissertation hereby focusses on the above described dynamic policy field of immigration in Germany in the period from 2005 to 2017 and pursues three objectives: 1) to identify the context and impulse for changes in the structures of ministerial bureaucracies, 2) to describe respective changes with regard to their organizational structures, and 3) to identify their effect on coordination. It hereby compares and contrasts institutional crises by incremental change and shock as well as changes and effects at federal and Länder level which allows a comprehensive answer to both of the research questions. Theoretically, the dissertation follows neo-institutionalist theory with a particular focus on changes in organizational structures, coordination and crisis management. Methodologically, it follows a comparative design. Each article (except for the literature review), focusses on ministerial bureaucracies at one governmental level (federal or Länder) and on an institutional crisis induced by either an incremental process or a shock. Thus, responses and effects can be compared and contrasted across impulses for institutional crises and governmental levels. Overall, the dissertation follows a mixed methods approach with a majority of qualitative single and small-n case studies based on document analysis and semi-structured interviews. Additionally, two articles use quantitative methods as they best suited the respective research question. The rather explorative nature of these two articles however fits to the overall interpretivist approach of the dissertation. Overall, the dissertation’s core argument is: Within the investigation period, varying dynamics and thus impulses for institutional crises took place in the German policy field of immigration. Respectively, expectations by stakeholders on how the politico-administrative system should address the policy problem changed. Ministerial administrations at both the federal and Länder level adapted to these expectations in order to maintain, or regain respectively, organizational legitimacy. The administration hereby referred to well-known recipes of structural changes. Institutional crises do not constitute fields of experimentation. The new structures had an immediate effect on ministerial coordination, with respect to both the horizontal and vertical dimension. Yet, they did not mean a comprehensive change of the system in place. The dissertation thus challenges the idea of the toppling effect of crises and rather shows that adaptability and persistence of public administrations constitute two sides of the same coin. KW - Ministerial bureaucracy KW - coordination KW - institutional crisis KW - immigration KW - migration KW - refugee crisis KW - Ministerialbürokratie KW - Koordination KW - institutionelle Krise KW - Immigration KW - Migration KW - Flüchtlingskrise Y1 - 2020 ER -