TY - JOUR
A1 - Soliveres, Santiago
A1 - van der Plas, Fons
A1 - Manning, Peter
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Alt, Fabian
A1 - Arndt, Hartmut
A1 - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1 - Binkenstein, Julia
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Blaser, Stefan
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Heinze, Johannes
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Klemmer, Sandra
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1 - Overmann, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1 - Schaefer, H. Martin
A1 - Schloter, Michael
A1 - Schmitt, Barbara
A1 - Schöning, Ingo
A1 - Schrumpf, Marion
A1 - Sikorski, Johannes
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Solly, Emily F.
A1 - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1 - Sorkau, Elisabeth
A1 - Steckel, Juliane
A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1 - Stempfhuber, Barbara
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Venter, Paul C.
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Wurst, Susanne
A1 - Fischer, Markus
A1 - Allan, Eric
T1 - Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality
JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19092
SN - 0028-0836
SN - 1476-4687
VL - 536
SP - 456
EP - +
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Moser, Othmar
A1 - Tschakert, Gerhard
A1 - Müller, Alexander
A1 - Groeschl, Werner
A1 - Pieber, Thomas R.
A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
A1 - Koehler, Gerd
A1 - Hofmann, Peter
T1 - Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin
JF - PLoS one
N2 - Introduction
We investigated blood glucose (BG) and hormone response to aerobic high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (CON) matched for mean load and duration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Material and Methods
Seven trained male subjects with T1DM performed a maximal incremental exercise test and HIIE and CON at 3 different mean intensities below (A) and above (B) the first lactate turn point and below the second lactate turn point (C) on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were adjusted to ultra-long-acting insulin Degludec (Tresiba/ Novo Nordisk, Denmark). Before exercise, standardized meals were administered, and short-acting insulin dose was reduced by 25% (A), 50% (B), and 75% (C) dependent on mean exercise intensity. During exercise, BG, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin-like growth factor-1, blood lactate, heart rate, and gas exchange variables were measured. For 24 h after exercise, interstitial glucose was measured by continuous glucose monitoring system.
Results
BG decrease during HIIE was significantly smaller for B (p = 0.024) and tended to be smaller for A and C compared to CON. No differences were found for post-exercise interstitial glucose, acute hormone response, and carbohydrate utilization between HIIE and CON for A, B, and C. In HIIE, blood lactate for A (p = 0.006) and B (p = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio for A (p = 0.003) and B (p = 0.003) were significantly higher compared to CON but not for C.
Conclusion
Hypoglycemia did not occur during or after HIIE and CON when using ultra-long-acting insulin and applying our methodological approach for exercise prescription. HIIE led to a smaller BG decrease compared to CON, although both exercises modes were matched for mean load and duration, even despite markedly higher peak workloads applied in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE and CON could be safely performed in T1DM.
KW - Insulin
KW - Exercise
KW - Glucose
KW - Hypoglycemia
KW - Carbohydrates
KW - Blood
KW - Blood sugar
KW - Heart rate
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136489
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 10
IS - 8
PB - Public Library of Science
CY - Lawrence
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Moser, Othmar
A1 - Tschakert, Gerhard
A1 - Müller, Alexander
A1 - Groeschl, Werner
A1 - Pieber, Thomas R.
A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
A1 - Koehler, Gerd
A1 - Hofmann, Peter
T1 - Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin
N2 - Introduction
We investigated blood glucose (BG) and hormone response to aerobic high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (CON) matched for mean load and duration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Material and Methods
Seven trained male subjects with T1DM performed a maximal incremental exercise test and HIIE and CON at 3 different mean intensities below (A) and above (B) the first lactate turn point and below the second lactate turn point (C) on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were adjusted to ultra-long-acting insulin Degludec (Tresiba/ Novo Nordisk, Denmark). Before exercise, standardized meals were administered, and short-acting insulin dose was reduced by 25% (A), 50% (B), and 75% (C) dependent on mean exercise intensity. During exercise, BG, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin-like growth factor-1, blood lactate, heart rate, and gas exchange variables were measured. For 24 h after exercise, interstitial glucose was measured by continuous glucose monitoring system.
Results
BG decrease during HIIE was significantly smaller for B (p = 0.024) and tended to be smaller for A and C compared to CON. No differences were found for post-exercise interstitial glucose, acute hormone response, and carbohydrate utilization between HIIE and CON for A, B, and C. In HIIE, blood lactate for A (p = 0.006) and B (p = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio for A (p = 0.003) and B (p = 0.003) were significantly higher compared to CON but not for C.
Conclusion
Hypoglycemia did not occur during or after HIIE and CON when using ultra-long-acting insulin and applying our methodological approach for exercise prescription. HIIE led to a smaller BG decrease compared to CON, although both exercises modes were matched for mean load and duration, even despite markedly higher peak workloads applied in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE and CON could be safely performed in T1DM.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 203
KW - Blood
KW - Blood sugar
KW - Carbohydrates
KW - Exercise
KW - Glucose
KW - Heart rate
KW - Hypoglycemia
KW - Insulin
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82479
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Meier, Lars A.
A1 - Krauze, Patryk
A1 - Prater, Isabel
A1 - Horn, Fabian
A1 - Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Reynaud
A1 - Scholten, Thomas
A1 - Wagner, Dirk
A1 - Müller, Carsten Werner
A1 - Kühn, Peter
T1 - Pedogenic and microbial interrelation in initial soils under semiarid climate on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula region
JF - Biogeosciences
N2 - James Ross Island (JRI) offers the exceptional opportunity to study microbial-driven pedogenesis without the influence of vascular plants or faunal activities (e.g., penguin rookeries). In this study, two soil profiles from JRI (one at Santa Martha Cove - SMC, and another at Brandy Bay BB) were investigated, in order to gain information about the initial state of soil formation and its interplay with prokaryotic activity, by combining pedological, geochemical and microbiological methods. The soil profiles are similar with respect to topographic position and parent material but are spatially separated by an orographic barrier and therefore represent windward and leeward locations towards the mainly southwesterly winds. These different positions result in differences in electric conductivity of the soils caused by additional input of bases by sea spray at the windward site and opposing trends in the depth functions of soil pH and electric conductivity. Both soils are classified as Cryosols, dominated by bacterial taxa such as Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi. A shift in the dominant taxa was observed below 20 cm in both soils as well as an increased abundance of multiple operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to potential chemolithoautotrophic Acidiferrobacteraceae. This shift is coupled by a change in microstructure. While single/pellicular grain microstructure (SMC) and platy microstructure (BB) are dominant above 20 cm, lenticular microstructure is dominant below 20 cm in both soils. The change in microstructure is caused by frequent freeze-thaw cycles and a relative high water content, and it goes along with a development of the pore spacing and is accompanied by a change in nutrient content. Multivariate statistics revealed the influence of soil parameters such as chloride, sulfate, calcium and organic carbon contents, grain size distribution and pedogenic oxide ratios on the overall microbial community structure and explained 49.9% of its variation. The correlation of the pedogenic oxide ratios with the compositional distribution of microorganisms as well as the relative abundance certain microorganisms such as potentially chemolithotrophic Acidiferrobacteraceae-related OTUs could hint at an interplay between soil-forming processes and microorganisms.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019
SN - 1726-4170
SN - 1726-4189
VL - 16
IS - 12
SP - 2481
EP - 2499
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdalla, H.
A1 - Adam, R.
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arcaro, C.
A1 - Armand, C.
A1 - Armstrong, T.
A1 - Ashkar, H.
A1 - Backes, M.
A1 - Baghmanyan, V.
A1 - Martins, V. Barbosa
A1 - Barnacka, A.
A1 - Barnard, M.
A1 - Becherini, Y.
A1 - Berge, D.
A1 - Bernlohr, K.
A1 - Bi, B.
A1 - Bottcher, M.
A1 - Boisson, C.
A1 - Bolmont, J.
A1 - de Lavergne, M. de Bony
A1 - Bordas, Pol
A1 - Breuhaus, M.
A1 - Brun, F.
A1 - Brun, P.
A1 - Bryan, M.
A1 - Buchele, M.
A1 - Bulik, T.
A1 - Bylund, T.
A1 - Caroff, S.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Casanova, Sabrina
A1 - Chand, T.
A1 - Chandra, S.
A1 - Chen, A.
A1 - Cotter, G.
A1 - Curylo, M.
A1 - Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene
A1 - Davids, I. D.
A1 - Davies, J.
A1 - Deil, C.
A1 - Devin, J.
A1 - deWilt, P.
A1 - Dirson, L.
A1 - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1 - Dmytriiev, A.
A1 - Donath, A.
A1 - Doroshenko, V.
A1 - Duffy, C.
A1 - Dyks, J.
A1 - Egberts, Kathrin
A1 - Eichhorn, F.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Emery, G.
A1 - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1 - Feijen, K.
A1 - Fegan, S.
A1 - Fiasson, A.
A1 - de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet
A1 - Fontaine, G.
A1 - Funk, S.
A1 - Fussling, Matthias
A1 - Gabici, S.
A1 - Gallant, Y. A.
A1 - Giavitto, G.
A1 - Giunti, L.
A1 - Glawion, D.
A1 - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1 - Gottschall, D.
A1 - Grondin, M. -H.
A1 - Hahn, J.
A1 - Haupt, M.
A1 - Hermann, G.
A1 - Hinton, J. A.
A1 - Hofmann, W.
A1 - Hoischen, Clemens
A1 - Holch, T. L.
A1 - Holler, M.
A1 - Horbe, M.
A1 - Horns, D.
A1 - Huber, D.
A1 - Jamrozy, M.
A1 - Jankowsky, D.
A1 - Jankowsky, F.
A1 - Jardin-Blicq, A.
A1 - Joshi, V.
A1 - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1 - Kasai, E.
A1 - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1 - Katarzynski, K.
A1 - Katz, U.
A1 - Khangulyan, D.
A1 - Khelifi, B.
A1 - Klepser, S.
A1 - Kluzniak, W.
A1 - Komin, Nu.
A1 - Konno, R.
A1 - Kosack, K.
A1 - Kostunin, D.
A1 - Kreter, M.
A1 - Lamanna, G.
A1 - Lemiere, A.
A1 - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1 - Lenain, J. -P.
A1 - Levy, C.
A1 - Lohse, T.
A1 - Lypova, I.
A1 - Mackey, J.
A1 - Majumdar, J.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Marandon, V.
A1 - Marchegiani, P.
A1 - Marcowith, Alexandre
A1 - Mares, A.
A1 - Marti-Devesa, G.
A1 - Marx, R.
A1 - Maurin, G.
A1 - Meintjes, P. J.
A1 - Meyer, M.
A1 - Mitchell, A.
A1 - Moderski, R.
A1 - Mohamed, M.
A1 - Mohrmann, L.
A1 - Montanari, A.
A1 - Moore, C.
A1 - Morris, P.
A1 - Moulin, Emmanuel
A1 - Muller, J.
A1 - Murach, T.
A1 - Nakashima, K.
A1 - Nayerhoda, A.
A1 - de Naurois, M.
A1 - Ndiyavala, H.
A1 - Niederwanger, F.
A1 - Niemiec, J.
A1 - Oakes, L.
A1 - O'Brien, Patrick
A1 - Odaka, H.
A1 - Ohm, S.
A1 - Olivera-Nieto, L.
A1 - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1 - Ostrowski, M.
A1 - Oya, I.
A1 - Panter, M.
A1 - Panny, S.
A1 - Parsons, R. D.
A1 - Peron, G.
A1 - Peyaud, B.
A1 - Piel, Q.
A1 - Pita, S.
A1 - Poireau, V.
A1 - Noel, A. Priyana
A1 - Prokhorov, D. A.
A1 - Prokoph, H.
A1 - Puhlhofer, G.
A1 - Punch, M.
A1 - Quirrenbach, A.
A1 - Raab, S.
A1 - Rauth, R.
A1 - Reichherzer, P.
A1 - Reimer, A.
A1 - Reimer, O.
A1 - Remy, Q.
A1 - Renaud, M.
A1 - Rieger, F.
A1 - Rinchiuso, L.
A1 - Romoli, C.
A1 - Rowell, G.
A1 - Rudak, B.
A1 - Ruiz-Velasco, E.
A1 - Sahakian, V.
A1 - Sailer, S.
A1 - Sanchez, D. A.
A1 - Santangelo, Andrea
A1 - Sasaki, M.
A1 - Scalici, M.
A1 - Schussler, F.
A1 - Schutte, H. M.
A1 - Schwanke, U.
A1 - Schwemmer, S.
A1 - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1 - Senniappan, M.
A1 - Seyffert, A. S.
A1 - Shafi, N.
A1 - Shiningayamwe, K.
A1 - Simoni, R.
A1 - Sinha, A.
A1 - Sol, H.
A1 - Specovius, A.
A1 - Spencer, S.
A1 - Spir-Jacob, M.
A1 - Stawarz, L.
A1 - Sun, L.
A1 - Steenkamp, R.
A1 - Stegmann, C.
A1 - Steinmassl, S.
A1 - Steppa, C.
A1 - Takahashi, T.
A1 - Tavernier, T.
A1 - Taylor, A. M.
A1 - Terrier, R.
A1 - Tiziani, D.
A1 - Tluczykont, M.
A1 - Tomankova, L.
A1 - Trichard, C.
A1 - Tsirou, M.
A1 - Tuffs, R.
A1 - Uchiyama, Y.
A1 - van der Walt, D. J.
A1 - van Eldik, C.
A1 - van Rensburg, C.
A1 - van Soelen, B.
A1 - Vasileiadis, G.
A1 - Veh, J.
A1 - Venter, C.
A1 - Vincent, P.
A1 - Vink, J.
A1 - Volk, H. J.
A1 - Vuillaume, T.
A1 - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1 - Wagner, S. J.
A1 - Watson, J.
A1 - Werner, F.
A1 - White, R.
A1 - Wierzcholska, A.
A1 - Wong, Yu Wun
A1 - Yusafzai, A.
A1 - Zacharias, M.
A1 - Zanin, R.
A1 - Zargaryan, D.
A1 - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1 - Zech, Alraune
A1 - Zhu, S. J.
A1 - Ziegler, A.
A1 - Zorn, J.
A1 - Zouari, S.
A1 - Zywucka, N.
T1 - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT - HESS J1826-130
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02
(stat)degrees
stat degrees +/- 0.05
(sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2
(+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW - ISM: supernova remnants
KW - ISM: clouds
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - gamma rays:
KW - ISM
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 644
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Lewinsohn, Thomas M.
A1 - Kahl, Tiemo
A1 - Grassein, Fabrice
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Sikorski, Johannes
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Arndt, Hartmut
A1 - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1 - Blaser, Stefan
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Jorge, Leonardo Re
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Keyel, Alexander C.
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Klemmer, Sandra
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Overmann, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Penone, Caterina
A1 - Perovic, David J.
A1 - Purschke, Oliver
A1 - Schall, Peter
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Tscharntke, Teja
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Venter, Paul Christiaan
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wurst, Susanne
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Fischer, Markus
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Allan, Eric
T1 - Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities
JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
N2 - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss(1,2). Alongside reductions in local species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for conservation. Biotic homogenization means a decrease in beta-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites). Most studies have investigated losses in local (alpha)-diversity(1,3) and neglected biodiversity loss at larger spatial scales. Studies addressing beta-diversity have focused on single or a few organism groups (for example, ref. 4), and it is thus unknown whether land-use intensification homogenizes communities at different trophic levels, above-and belowground. Here we show that even moderate increases in local land-use intensity (LUI) cause biotic homogenization across microbial, plant and animal groups, both above- and belowground, and that this is largely independent of changes in alpha-diversity. We analysed a unique grassland biodiversity dataset, with abundances of more than 4,000 species belonging to 12 trophic groups. LUI, and, in particular, high mowing intensity, had consistent effects on beta-diversity across groups, causing a homogenization of soil microbial, fungal pathogen, plant and arthropod communities. These effects were nonlinear and the strongest declines in beta-diversity occurred in the transition from extensively managed to intermediate intensity grassland. LUI tended to reduce local alpha-diversity in aboveground groups, whereas the alpha-diversity increased in belowground groups. Correlations between the alpha-diversity of different groups, particularly between plants and their consumers, became weaker at high LUI. This suggests a loss of specialist species and is further evidence for biotic homogenization. The consistently negative effects of LUI on landscape-scale biodiversity underscore the high value of extensively managed grasslands for conserving multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Indeed, biotic homogenization rather than local diversity loss could prove to be the most substantial consequence of land-use intensification.
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20575
SN - 0028-0836
SN - 1476-4687
VL - 540
SP - 266
EP - +
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Allan, Eric
A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1 - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Tscharntke, Teja
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Bellach, Michaela
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Chatzinotas, Antonis
A1 - Christ, Sabina
A1 - Daniel, Rolf
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Fischer, Christiane
A1 - Friedl, Thomas
A1 - Glaser, Karin
A1 - Hallmann, Christine
A1 - Hodac, Ladislav
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Nacke, Heiko
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1 - Rothenwoehrer, Christoph
A1 - Schally, Peter
A1 - Scherber, Christoph
A1 - Schulze, Waltraud X.
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Steckel, Juliane
A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Gockel, Sonja
A1 - Gorke, Martin
A1 - Hemp, Andreas
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Schöning, Ingo
A1 - Pfeiffer, Simone
A1 - König-Ries, Birgitta
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Fischer, Markus
T1 - Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2 - Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
KW - biodiversity loss
KW - agricultural grasslands
KW - Biodiversity Exploratories
Y1 - 2014
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 111
IS - 1
SP - 308
EP - 313
PB - National Acad. of Sciences
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Manning, Pete
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1 - Allan, Eric
A1 - Zhang, Yuan-Ye
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Weiner, Christiane
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Gockel, Sonja
A1 - Hemp, Andreas
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Wells, Konstans
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Fischer, Markus
T1 - Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa
JF - Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
N2 - Land-use intensification is a key driver of biodiversity change. However, little is known about how it alters relationships between the diversities of different taxonomic groups, which are often correlated due to shared environmental drivers and trophic interactions. Using data from 150 grassland sites, we examined how land-use intensification (increased fertilization, higher livestock densities, and increased mowing frequency) altered correlations between the species richness of 15 plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate taxa. We found that 54% of pairwise correlations between taxonomic groups were significant and positive among all grasslands, while only one was negative. Higher land-use intensity substantially weakened these correlations(35% decrease in rand 43% fewer significant pairwise correlations at high intensity), a pattern which may emerge as a result of biodiversity declines and the breakdown of specialized relationships in these conditions. Nevertheless, some groups (Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera) were consistently correlated with multidiversity, an aggregate measure of total biodiversity comprised of the standardized diversities of multiple taxa, at both high and lowland-use intensity. The form of intensification was also important; increased fertilization and mowing frequency typically weakened plant-plant and plant-primary consumer correlations, whereas grazing intensification did not. This may reflect decreased habitat heterogeneity under mowing and fertilization and increased habitat heterogeneity under grazing. While these results urge caution in using certain taxonomic groups to monitor impacts of agricultural management on biodiversity, they also suggest that the diversities of some groups are reasonably robust indicators of total biodiversity across a range of conditions.
KW - Biodiversity indicators
KW - correlation
KW - fertilization
KW - grassland management
KW - grazing
KW - land-use change
KW - land-use intensity
KW - mowing
KW - multidiversity
KW - multitrophic interactions
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1307.1
SN - 0012-9658
SN - 1939-9170
VL - 96
IS - 6
SP - 1492
EP - 1501
PB - Wiley
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Maier, Philipp
A1 - Wolf, Jürgen
A1 - Keilig, Thomas
A1 - Krabbe, Alfred
A1 - Duffard, Rene
A1 - Ortiz, Jose-Luis
A1 - Klinkner, Sabine
A1 - Lengowski, Michael
A1 - Müller, Thomas
A1 - Lockowandt, Christian
A1 - Krockstedt, Christian
A1 - Kappelmann, Norbert
A1 - Stelzer, Beate
A1 - Werner, Klaus
A1 - Geier, Stephan
A1 - Kalkuhl, Christoph
A1 - Rauch, Thomas
A1 - Schanz, Thomas
A1 - Barnstedt, Jürgen
A1 - Conti, Lauro
A1 - Hanke, Lars
T1 - Towards a European Stratospheric Balloon Observatory
BT - the ESBO design study
T2 - Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VII
N2 - This paper presents the concept of a community-accessible stratospheric balloon-based observatory that is currently under preparation by a consortium of European research institutes and industry. We present the technical motivation, science case, instrumentation, and a two-stage image stabilization approach of the 0.5-m UV/visible platform. In addition, we briefly describe the novel mid-sized stabilized balloon gondola under design to carry telescopes in the 0.5 to 0.6 m range as well as the currently considered flight option for this platform. Secondly, we outline the scientific and technical motivation for a large balloon-based FIR telescope and the ESBO DS approach towards such an infrastructure.
KW - astronomy
KW - balloon telescopes
KW - UV
KW - far infrared
KW - detectors
KW - observatory
Y1 - 2018
SN - 978-1-5106-1954-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2319248
SN - 0277-786X
SN - 1996-756X
VL - 10700
PB - SPIE-INT Soc Optical Engineering
CY - Bellingham
ER -