TY - JOUR
A1 - Hlinak, Andreas
A1 - Mühle, Ralf-Udo
A1 - Werner, Ortrud
A1 - Globig, Anja
A1 - Starick, Elke
A1 - Schirrmeier, Horst
A1 - Hoffmann, Bernd
A1 - Engelhardt, Andreas
A1 - Hübner, Dagmar
A1 - Conraths, Franz J.
A1 - Wallschläger, Hans-Dieter
A1 - Kruckenberg, Helmut
A1 - Müller, Thomas
T1 - A virological survey in migrating waders and other waterfowl in one of the most important resting sites of Germany
N2 - Wild birds are considered a potential reservoir or a carrier of viral diseases and may therefore play a role in the epidemiology of economically important or zoonotic diseases. In 2001 and 2002, a survey with special emphasis oil virus isolation in migrating waders and some other birds were conducted. In one of the most important inland resting sites for migratory waterfowl, tracheal and cloacal swabs were collected from 465 waders representing 19 different species, and 165 other birds that were not captured on purpose. A total of 42 avian viruses were isolated, 34 of these were identified as paramyxoviruses (PMVs). The majority of isolates came from waders and wild ducks, and were characterized as PMV-1. In contrast, PMV-4 was found in wild ducks only, PMV-6 was mainly detected in wader species. Four avian influenza viruses (ATVs), belonging to H4 and H3 haemagglutinin subtype, were isolated from wild duck species. Furthermore, four reo-like viruses were isolated from one particular wader species for the first time. The majority of virus positive birds were < 1 year old and did not show any clinical symptoms. There was no evidence for the presence of West Nile virus in these birds. These results confirm that the restricted resting sites in Western Europe must be considered as important locations for the intra- and interspecies transmission of avian viruses
Y1 - 2006
SN - 0931-1793
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Arbeitsheft 1 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 3-425-11121-3
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Schülerband 3 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 3-425-11133-7
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Schülerband 4 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 3-425-11056-X
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Arbeitsheft 3 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 978-3-425-11123-0
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Arbeitsheft 4 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 978-3-425-11066-0
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Aulke, Gudrun
A1 - Brandenburg, Silke
A1 - Drechsler-Köhler, Beate
A1 - Giest, Hartmut
A1 - Haas, Wolfgang
A1 - Hinze, Gabriele
A1 - Höffer, Ute
A1 - Koriller, Astrid
A1 - Lüftner, Werner
A1 - Müller, Uta
A1 - Mues, Rainer
A1 - Papstein, Gisela
A1 - Schiepe, Axel
ED - Giest, Hartmut
T1 - Bausteine Sachunterricht : Arbeitsheft 2 ; Berlin / Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ; Grundschule
Y1 - 2005
SN - 978-3-425-11122-3
PB - Diesterweg
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Bringmann, Gerhard
A1 - Mutanyatta-Comar, Joan
A1 - Maksimenka, Katja
A1 - Wanjohi, John M.
A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1 - Brun, Reto
A1 - Müller, Werner E. G.
A1 - Peter, Martin
A1 - Midiwo, Jacob O.
A1 - Yenesew, Abiy
T1 - Joziknipholones A and B : the First Dimeric Phenylanthraquinones, from the Roots of Bulbine frutescens
N2 - From the roots of the African plant Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), two unprecedented novel dimeric phenylanthraquinones, named joziknipholones A and B, possessing axial and centrochirality, were isolated, together with six known compounds. Structural elucidation of the new metabolites was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods, by reductive cleavage of the central bond between the monomeric phenylanthraquinone and -anthrone portions with sodium dithionite, and by quantum chemical CD calculations. Based on the recently revised absolute axial configuration of the parent phenylanthraquinones, knipholone and knipholone anthrone, the new dimers were attributed to possess the P-configuration (i.e., with the acetyl portions below the anthraquinone plane) at both axes in the case of joziknipholone A, whereas in joziknipholone B, the knipholone part was found to be M-configured. Joziknipholones A and B are active against the chloroquine resistant strain K1 of the malaria pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum, and show moderate activity against murine leukemic lymphoma L5178y cells.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 104
KW - antimalarial activity
KW - chirality
KW - joziknipholones
KW - natural products
KW - structure elucidation
Y1 - 2008
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42638
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Simons, Nadja K.
A1 - Lewinsohn, Thomas
A1 - Bluethgen, Nico
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Daniel, Rolf
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Kaiser, Kristin
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Wurst, Susanne
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1 - Contrasting effects of grassland management modes on species-abundance distributions of multiple groups
JF - Agriculture, ecosystems & environment : an international journal for scientific research on the relationship of agriculture and food production to the biosphere
N2 - Intensive land use is a major cause of biodiversity loss, but most studies comparing the response of multiple taxa rely on simple diversity measures while analyses of other community attributes are only recently gaining attention. Species-abundance distributions (SADs) are a community attribute that can be used to study changes in the overall abundance structure of species groups, and whether these changes are driven by abundant or rare species. We evaluated the effect of grassland management intensity for three land-use modes (fertilization, mowing, grazing) and their combination on species richness and SADs for three belowground (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, prokaryotes and insect larvae) and seven aboveground groups (vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens; arthropod herbivores; arthropod pollinators; bats and birds). Three descriptors of SADs were evaluated: general shape (abundance decay rate), proportion of rare species (rarity) and proportional abundance of the commonest species (dominance). Across groups, taxonomic richness was largely unaffected by land-use intensity and only decreased with increasing mowing intensity. Of the three SAD descriptors, abundance decay rate became steeper with increasing combined land-use intensity across groups. This reflected a decrease in rarity among plants, herbivores and vertebrates. Effects of fertilization on the three descriptors were similar to the combined land-use intensity effects. Mowing intensity only affected the SAD descriptors of insect larvae and vertebrates, while grazing intensity produced a range of effects on different descriptors in distinct groups. Overall, belowground groups had more even abundance distribtitions than aboveground groups. Strong differences among aboveground groups and between above- and belowground groups indicate that no single taxonomic group can serve as an indicator for effects in other groups. In the past, the use of SADs has been hampered by concerns over theoretical models underlying specific forms of SADs. Our study shows that SAD descriptors that are not connected to a particular model are suitable to assess the effect of land use on community structure.
KW - Biodiversity
KW - Cutting frequency
KW - Management intensity
KW - Rank-abundance
KW - Species loss
KW - Rarity
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.022
SN - 0167-8809
SN - 1873-2305
VL - 237
SP - 143
EP - 153
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bringmann, Gerhard
A1 - Mutanyatta-Comar, Joan
A1 - Maksimenka, Katja
A1 - Wanjohi, John M.
A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1 - Brun, Reto
A1 - Müller, Werner E. G.
A1 - Peter, Martin G.
A1 - Midiwo, Jacob O.
A1 - Yenesew, Abiy
T1 - Joziknipholones A and B : the first dimeric phenylanthraquinones, from the roots of Bulbine frutescens
N2 - From the roots of the African plant Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), two unprecedented novel dimeric phenylanthraquinones, named joziknipholones A and B, possessing axial and centrochirality, were isolated, together with six known compounds. Structural elucidation of the new metabolites was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods, by reductive cleavage of the central bond between the monomeric phenylanthraquinone and -anthrone portions with sodium dithionite, and by quantum chemical CD calculations. Based on the recently revised absolute axial configuration of the parent phenylanthraquinones, knipholone and knipholone anthrone, the new dimers were attributed to possess the P- configuration (i.e., with the acetyl portions below the anthraquinone plane) at both axes in the case of joziknipholone A, whereas in joziknipholone B, the knipholone part was found to be M-configured. Joziknipholones A and B are active against the chloroquine resistant strain K1 of the malaria pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum, and show moderate activity against murine leukemic lymphoma L5178y cells.
Y1 - 2008
UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/26293/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
SN - 0947-6539
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Ette, Ottmar
A1 - Kraume, Anne
A1 - Mackenbach, Werner
A1 - Müller, Gesine
T1 - El Caribe como paradigma : convivencias y coincidencias históricas, culturales y estéticas ; un simposio transareal
T2 - Potsdamer inter- und transkulturelle Texte : POINTE
Y1 - 2012
SN - 978-3-938944-60-8
VL - 2
PB - Ed. Tranvia Verl. Frey
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Ette, Ottmar
A1 - Mackenbach, Werner
A1 - Müller, Gesine
A1 - Ortiz Wallner, Alexandra
T1 - Trans(it)Areas : convivencias en cntroamerica y el Caribe ; un simposio transreal
T3 - Potsdamer inter- und transkulturelle Texte : POINTE
Y1 - 2011
SN - 978-3-938944-54-7
VL - 1
PB - Ed. Tranvía Verl. Frey
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tötzke, Christian
A1 - Manke, Ingo
A1 - Gaiselmann, Gerd
A1 - Bohner, John
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Kupsch, Andreas
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Schmidt, Volker
A1 - Banhart, Jens
A1 - Lehnert, Werner
T1 - A dedicated compression device for high resolution X-ray tomography of compressed gas diffusion layers
JF - Review of scientific instruments : a monthly journal devoted to scientific instruments, apparatus, and techniques
N2 - We present an experimental approach to study the three-dimensional microstructure of gas diffusion layer (GDL) materials under realistic compression conditions. A dedicated compression device was designed that allows for synchrotron-tomographic investigation of circular samples under well-defined compression conditions. The tomographic data provide the experimental basis for stochastic modeling of nonwoven GDL materials. A plain compression tool is used to study the fiber courses in the material at different compression stages. Transport relevant geometrical parameters, such as porosity, pore size, and tortuosity distributions, are exemplarily evaluated for a GDL sample in the uncompressed state and for a compression of 30 vol.%. To mimic the geometry of the flow-field, we employed a compression punch with an integrated channel-rib-profile. It turned out that the GDL material is homogeneously compressed under the ribs, however, much less compressed underneath the channel. GDL fibers extend far into the channel volume where they might interfere with the convective gas transport and the removal of liquid water from the cell. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918291
SN - 0034-6748
SN - 1089-7623
VL - 86
IS - 4
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Jones, Eppie R.
A1 - González-Fortes, Gloria M.
A1 - Connell, Sarah
A1 - Siska, Veronika
A1 - Eriksson, Anders
A1 - Martiniano, Rui
A1 - McLaughlin, Russell L.
A1 - Llorente, Marcos Gallego
A1 - Cassidy, Lara M.
A1 - Gamba, Cristina
A1 - Meshveliani, Tengiz
A1 - Bar-Yosef, Ofer
A1 - Müller, Werner
A1 - Belfer-Cohen, Anna
A1 - Matskevich, Zinovi
A1 - Jakeli, Nino
A1 - Higham, Thomas F. G.
A1 - Currat, Mathias
A1 - Lordkipanidze, David
A1 - Hofreiter, Michael
A1 - Manica, Andrea
A1 - Pinhasi, Ron
A1 - Bradley, Daniel G.
T1 - Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - We extend the scope of European palaeogenomics by sequencing the genomes of Late Upper Palaeolithic (13,300 years old, 1.4-fold coverage) and Mesolithic (9,700 years old, 15.4-fold) males from western Georgia in the Caucasus and a Late Upper Palaeolithic (13,700 years old, 9.5-fold) male from Switzerland. While we detect Late Palaeolithic–Mesolithic genomic continuity in both regions, we find that Caucasus hunter-gatherers (CHG) belong to a distinct ancient clade that split from western hunter-gatherers ∼45 kya, shortly after the expansion of anatomically modern humans into Europe and from the ancestors of Neolithic farmers ∼25 kya, around the Last Glacial Maximum. CHG genomes significantly contributed to the Yamnaya steppe herders who migrated into Europe ∼3,000 BC, supporting a formative Caucasus influence on this important Early Bronze age culture. CHG left their imprint on modern populations from the Caucasus and also central and south Asia possibly marking the arrival of Indo-Aryan languages.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1334
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439317
SN - 1866-8372
IS - 1334
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werner, A.
A1 - Müller, K.
A1 - Wenkel, K.-O.
A1 - Bork, Hans-Rudolf
T1 - Partizipative und iterative Planung als Voraussetzung für die Integration ökologischer Ziele in die Landschaftsplanung des ländlichen Raumes
Y1 - 1997
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Broscheit, Frank
A1 - Bütow, Martin
A1 - Englert, Wolfgang
A1 - Jahn, Gert
A1 - Klohn, Werner
A1 - Knitschky, Wolfgang
A1 - Reinecke, Hans-Joachim
A1 - Müller, Helmut
A1 - Reinhardt, Karl Heinz
A1 - Schmidt, Marianne
A1 - Schmidtke, Kurt-Dietmar
A1 - Schöpflin, F.
A1 - Starke, Rainer
A1 - Vahldiek, B. W.
A1 - Wehrs, Klaus
A1 - Wetzel, Jürgen
T1 - Seydlitz Erdkunde 2
Y1 - 1996
PB - Schroedel
CY - Hannover
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Harms, Stephan
A1 - Raetzke, Klaus
A1 - Faupel, Franz
A1 - Egger, Werner
A1 - Ravello, Lori Boyd de
A1 - Laschewsky, André
A1 - Wang, Weinan
A1 - Müller-Buschbaum, Peter
T1 - Free volume and swelling in thin films of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) end-capped with n-butyltrithiocarbonate
N2 - The free volume in thin films of poly(N-isopropylacrylamid) end-capped with n-butyltrio-carbonate (nbc-PNIPAM) is probed with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The PALS measurements are performed as function of energy to obtain depth profiles of the free volume of nbc-PNIPAM films. The range of nbc-PNIPAM films with thicknesses from 40 to 200 nm is focused. With decreasing film thickness the free volume increases in good agreement with an increase in the maximum swelling capability of the nbc-PNIPAM films. Thus in thin hydrogel films the sorption and swelling behavior is governed by free volume.
Y1 - 2010
UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/10003270
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201000067
SN - 1022-1336
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Franck, Siegfried
A1 - von Bloh, Werner
A1 - Müller, Christoph
A1 - Bondeau, Alberte
A1 - Sakschewski, B.
T1 - Harvesting the sun new estimations of the maximum population of planet Earth
JF - Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog
N2 - The maximum population, also called Earth's carrying capacity, is the maximum number of people that can live on the food and other resources available on planet Earth. Previous investigations estimated the maximum carrying capacity as large as about 1 trillion people under the assumption that photosynthesis is the limiting process. Here we use a present state-of-the-art dynamic global vegetation model with managed planetary land surface, Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land (LPJmL), to calculate the yields of the most productive crops on a global 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees grid. Using the 2005 crop distribution the model predicts total harvested calories that are sufficient for the nutrition of 11.4 billion people. We define scenarios where humankind uses the whole land area for agriculture, saves the rain forests and the boreal evergreen forests or cultivates only pasture to feed animals. Every scenario is run in an extreme version with no allowance for urban and recreational needs and in two soft versions with a certain area per person for non-agricultural use. We find that there are natural limits of the maximum carrying capacity which are independent of any increase in agricultural productivity, if non-agricultural land use is accounted for. Using all land planet Earth can sustain 282 billion people. The save-forests-scenario yields 150 billion people. The scenario that cultivates only pasture to feed animals yields 96 billion people. Nevertheless, we should always have in mind that all our calculated numbers for the carrying capacity refer to extreme scenarios where humankind may only vegetate on this planet. Our numbers are considerably higher than the general median estimate of upper bounds of human population found in the literature in the order of 10 billion.
KW - Maximum population
KW - Human carrying capacity
KW - Photosynthesis
KW - Dynamical global vegetation model
Y1 - 2011
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.03.030
SN - 0304-3800
VL - 222
IS - 12
SP - 2019
EP - 2026
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Moser, Othmar
A1 - Tschakert, Gerhard
A1 - Müller, Alexander
A1 - Groeschl, Werner
A1 - Pieber, Thomas R.
A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
A1 - Köhler, Gerd
A1 - Hofmann, Peter
T1 - Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin
JF - PLoS one
N2 - Introduction
We investigated blood glucose (BG) and hormone response to aerobic high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (CON) matched for mean load and duration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Material and Methods
Seven trained male subjects with T1DM performed a maximal incremental exercise test and HIIE and CON at 3 different mean intensities below (A) and above (B) the first lactate turn point and below the second lactate turn point (C) on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were adjusted to ultra-long-acting insulin Degludec (Tresiba/Novo Nordisk, Denmark). Before exercise, standardized meals were administered, and short-acting insulin dose was reduced by 25% (A), 50% (B), and 75% (C) dependent on mean exercise intensity. During exercise, BG, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin-like growth factor-1, blood lactate, heart rate, and gas exchange variables were measured. For 24 h after exercise, interstitial glucose was measured by continuous glucose monitoring system.
Results
BG decrease during HIIE was significantly smaller for B (p = 0.024) and tended to be smaller for A and C compared to CON. No differences were found for post-exercise interstitial glucose, acute hormone response, and carbohydrate utilization between HIIE and CON for A, B, and C. In HIIE, blood lactate for A (p = 0.006) and B (p = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio for A (p = 0.003) and B (p = 0.003) were significantly higher compared to CON but not for C.
Conclusion
Hypoglycemia did not occur during or after HIIE and CON when using ultra-long-acting insulin and applying our methodological approach for exercise prescription. HIIE led to a smaller BG decrease compared to CON, although both exercises modes were matched for mean load and duration, even despite markedly higher peak workloads applied in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE and CON could be safely performed in T1DM.
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136489
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 10
IS - 8
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Soliveres, Santiago
A1 - Maestre, Fernando T.
A1 - Ulrich, Werner
A1 - Manning, Peter
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Bowker, Matthew A.
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
A1 - Quero, Jose L.
A1 - Schöning, Ingo
A1 - Gallardo, Antonio
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Garcia-Gomez, Miguel
A1 - Ochoa, Victoria
A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1 - Fischer, Markus
A1 - Allan, Eric
T1 - Intransitive competition is widespread in plant communities and maintains their species richness
JF - Ecology letters
N2 - Intransitive competition networks, those in which there is no single best competitor, may ensure species coexistence. However, their frequency and importance in maintaining diversity in real-world ecosystems remain unclear. We used two large data sets from drylands and agricultural grasslands to assess: (1) the generality of intransitive competition, (2) intransitivity-richness relationships and (3) effects of two major drivers of biodiversity loss (aridity and land-use intensification) on intransitivity and species richness. Intransitive competition occurred in >65% of sites and was associated with higher species richness. Intransitivity increased with aridity, partly buffering its negative effects on diversity, but was decreased by intensive land use, enhancing its negative effects on diversity. These contrasting responses likely arise because intransitivity is promoted by temporal heterogeneity, which is enhanced by aridity but may decline with land-use intensity. We show that intransitivity is widespread in nature and increases diversity, but it can be lost with environmental homogenisation.
KW - Aridity
KW - biodiversity
KW - coexistence
KW - drylands
KW - land use
KW - mesic grasslands
KW - rock-paper-scissors game
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12456
SN - 1461-023X
SN - 1461-0248
VL - 18
IS - 8
SP - 790
EP - 798
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Soliveres, Santiago
A1 - van der Plas, Fons
A1 - Manning, Peter
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Alt, Fabian
A1 - Arndt, Hartmut
A1 - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1 - Binkenstein, Julia
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Blaser, Stefan
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Heinze, Johannes
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Klemmer, Sandra
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1 - Overmann, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1 - Schaefer, H. Martin
A1 - Schloter, Michael
A1 - Schmitt, Barbara
A1 - Schöning, Ingo
A1 - Schrumpf, Marion
A1 - Sikorski, Johannes
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Solly, Emily F.
A1 - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1 - Sorkau, Elisabeth
A1 - Steckel, Juliane
A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1 - Stempfhuber, Barbara
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Venter, Paul C.
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Wurst, Susanne
A1 - Fischer, Markus
A1 - Allan, Eric
T1 - Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality
JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19092
SN - 0028-0836
SN - 1476-4687
VL - 536
SP - 456
EP - +
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Moser, Othmar
A1 - Tschakert, Gerhard
A1 - Müller, Alexander
A1 - Groeschl, Werner
A1 - Pieber, Thomas R.
A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
A1 - Koehler, Gerd
A1 - Hofmann, Peter
T1 - Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin
JF - PLoS one
N2 - Introduction
We investigated blood glucose (BG) and hormone response to aerobic high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (CON) matched for mean load and duration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Material and Methods
Seven trained male subjects with T1DM performed a maximal incremental exercise test and HIIE and CON at 3 different mean intensities below (A) and above (B) the first lactate turn point and below the second lactate turn point (C) on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were adjusted to ultra-long-acting insulin Degludec (Tresiba/ Novo Nordisk, Denmark). Before exercise, standardized meals were administered, and short-acting insulin dose was reduced by 25% (A), 50% (B), and 75% (C) dependent on mean exercise intensity. During exercise, BG, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin-like growth factor-1, blood lactate, heart rate, and gas exchange variables were measured. For 24 h after exercise, interstitial glucose was measured by continuous glucose monitoring system.
Results
BG decrease during HIIE was significantly smaller for B (p = 0.024) and tended to be smaller for A and C compared to CON. No differences were found for post-exercise interstitial glucose, acute hormone response, and carbohydrate utilization between HIIE and CON for A, B, and C. In HIIE, blood lactate for A (p = 0.006) and B (p = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio for A (p = 0.003) and B (p = 0.003) were significantly higher compared to CON but not for C.
Conclusion
Hypoglycemia did not occur during or after HIIE and CON when using ultra-long-acting insulin and applying our methodological approach for exercise prescription. HIIE led to a smaller BG decrease compared to CON, although both exercises modes were matched for mean load and duration, even despite markedly higher peak workloads applied in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE and CON could be safely performed in T1DM.
KW - Insulin
KW - Exercise
KW - Glucose
KW - Hypoglycemia
KW - Carbohydrates
KW - Blood
KW - Blood sugar
KW - Heart rate
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136489
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 10
IS - 8
PB - Public Library of Science
CY - Lawrence
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Moser, Othmar
A1 - Tschakert, Gerhard
A1 - Müller, Alexander
A1 - Groeschl, Werner
A1 - Pieber, Thomas R.
A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
A1 - Koehler, Gerd
A1 - Hofmann, Peter
T1 - Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin
N2 - Introduction
We investigated blood glucose (BG) and hormone response to aerobic high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (CON) matched for mean load and duration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Material and Methods
Seven trained male subjects with T1DM performed a maximal incremental exercise test and HIIE and CON at 3 different mean intensities below (A) and above (B) the first lactate turn point and below the second lactate turn point (C) on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were adjusted to ultra-long-acting insulin Degludec (Tresiba/ Novo Nordisk, Denmark). Before exercise, standardized meals were administered, and short-acting insulin dose was reduced by 25% (A), 50% (B), and 75% (C) dependent on mean exercise intensity. During exercise, BG, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin-like growth factor-1, blood lactate, heart rate, and gas exchange variables were measured. For 24 h after exercise, interstitial glucose was measured by continuous glucose monitoring system.
Results
BG decrease during HIIE was significantly smaller for B (p = 0.024) and tended to be smaller for A and C compared to CON. No differences were found for post-exercise interstitial glucose, acute hormone response, and carbohydrate utilization between HIIE and CON for A, B, and C. In HIIE, blood lactate for A (p = 0.006) and B (p = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio for A (p = 0.003) and B (p = 0.003) were significantly higher compared to CON but not for C.
Conclusion
Hypoglycemia did not occur during or after HIIE and CON when using ultra-long-acting insulin and applying our methodological approach for exercise prescription. HIIE led to a smaller BG decrease compared to CON, although both exercises modes were matched for mean load and duration, even despite markedly higher peak workloads applied in HIIE. Therefore, HIIE and CON could be safely performed in T1DM.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 203
KW - Blood
KW - Blood sugar
KW - Carbohydrates
KW - Exercise
KW - Glucose
KW - Heart rate
KW - Hypoglycemia
KW - Insulin
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82479
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Meier, Lars A.
A1 - Krauze, Patryk
A1 - Prater, Isabel
A1 - Horn, Fabian
A1 - Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Reynaud
A1 - Scholten, Thomas
A1 - Wagner, Dirk
A1 - Müller, Carsten Werner
A1 - Kühn, Peter
T1 - Pedogenic and microbial interrelation in initial soils under semiarid climate on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula region
JF - Biogeosciences
N2 - James Ross Island (JRI) offers the exceptional opportunity to study microbial-driven pedogenesis without the influence of vascular plants or faunal activities (e.g., penguin rookeries). In this study, two soil profiles from JRI (one at Santa Martha Cove - SMC, and another at Brandy Bay BB) were investigated, in order to gain information about the initial state of soil formation and its interplay with prokaryotic activity, by combining pedological, geochemical and microbiological methods. The soil profiles are similar with respect to topographic position and parent material but are spatially separated by an orographic barrier and therefore represent windward and leeward locations towards the mainly southwesterly winds. These different positions result in differences in electric conductivity of the soils caused by additional input of bases by sea spray at the windward site and opposing trends in the depth functions of soil pH and electric conductivity. Both soils are classified as Cryosols, dominated by bacterial taxa such as Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi. A shift in the dominant taxa was observed below 20 cm in both soils as well as an increased abundance of multiple operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to potential chemolithoautotrophic Acidiferrobacteraceae. This shift is coupled by a change in microstructure. While single/pellicular grain microstructure (SMC) and platy microstructure (BB) are dominant above 20 cm, lenticular microstructure is dominant below 20 cm in both soils. The change in microstructure is caused by frequent freeze-thaw cycles and a relative high water content, and it goes along with a development of the pore spacing and is accompanied by a change in nutrient content. Multivariate statistics revealed the influence of soil parameters such as chloride, sulfate, calcium and organic carbon contents, grain size distribution and pedogenic oxide ratios on the overall microbial community structure and explained 49.9% of its variation. The correlation of the pedogenic oxide ratios with the compositional distribution of microorganisms as well as the relative abundance certain microorganisms such as potentially chemolithotrophic Acidiferrobacteraceae-related OTUs could hint at an interplay between soil-forming processes and microorganisms.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019
SN - 1726-4170
SN - 1726-4189
VL - 16
IS - 12
SP - 2481
EP - 2499
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdalla, H.
A1 - Adam, R.
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arcaro, C.
A1 - Armand, C.
A1 - Armstrong, T.
A1 - Ashkar, H.
A1 - Backes, M.
A1 - Baghmanyan, V.
A1 - Martins, V. Barbosa
A1 - Barnacka, A.
A1 - Barnard, M.
A1 - Becherini, Y.
A1 - Berge, D.
A1 - Bernlohr, K.
A1 - Bi, B.
A1 - Bottcher, M.
A1 - Boisson, C.
A1 - Bolmont, J.
A1 - de Lavergne, M. de Bony
A1 - Bordas, Pol
A1 - Breuhaus, M.
A1 - Brun, F.
A1 - Brun, P.
A1 - Bryan, M.
A1 - Buchele, M.
A1 - Bulik, T.
A1 - Bylund, T.
A1 - Caroff, S.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Casanova, Sabrina
A1 - Chand, T.
A1 - Chandra, S.
A1 - Chen, A.
A1 - Cotter, G.
A1 - Curylo, M.
A1 - Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene
A1 - Davids, I. D.
A1 - Davies, J.
A1 - Deil, C.
A1 - Devin, J.
A1 - deWilt, P.
A1 - Dirson, L.
A1 - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1 - Dmytriiev, A.
A1 - Donath, A.
A1 - Doroshenko, V.
A1 - Duffy, C.
A1 - Dyks, J.
A1 - Egberts, Kathrin
A1 - Eichhorn, F.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Emery, G.
A1 - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1 - Feijen, K.
A1 - Fegan, S.
A1 - Fiasson, A.
A1 - de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet
A1 - Fontaine, G.
A1 - Funk, S.
A1 - Fussling, Matthias
A1 - Gabici, S.
A1 - Gallant, Y. A.
A1 - Giavitto, G.
A1 - Giunti, L.
A1 - Glawion, D.
A1 - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1 - Gottschall, D.
A1 - Grondin, M. -H.
A1 - Hahn, J.
A1 - Haupt, M.
A1 - Hermann, G.
A1 - Hinton, J. A.
A1 - Hofmann, W.
A1 - Hoischen, Clemens
A1 - Holch, T. L.
A1 - Holler, M.
A1 - Horbe, M.
A1 - Horns, D.
A1 - Huber, D.
A1 - Jamrozy, M.
A1 - Jankowsky, D.
A1 - Jankowsky, F.
A1 - Jardin-Blicq, A.
A1 - Joshi, V.
A1 - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1 - Kasai, E.
A1 - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1 - Katarzynski, K.
A1 - Katz, U.
A1 - Khangulyan, D.
A1 - Khelifi, B.
A1 - Klepser, S.
A1 - Kluzniak, W.
A1 - Komin, Nu.
A1 - Konno, R.
A1 - Kosack, K.
A1 - Kostunin, D.
A1 - Kreter, M.
A1 - Lamanna, G.
A1 - Lemiere, A.
A1 - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1 - Lenain, J. -P.
A1 - Levy, C.
A1 - Lohse, T.
A1 - Lypova, I.
A1 - Mackey, J.
A1 - Majumdar, J.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Marandon, V.
A1 - Marchegiani, P.
A1 - Marcowith, Alexandre
A1 - Mares, A.
A1 - Marti-Devesa, G.
A1 - Marx, R.
A1 - Maurin, G.
A1 - Meintjes, P. J.
A1 - Meyer, M.
A1 - Mitchell, A.
A1 - Moderski, R.
A1 - Mohamed, M.
A1 - Mohrmann, L.
A1 - Montanari, A.
A1 - Moore, C.
A1 - Morris, P.
A1 - Moulin, Emmanuel
A1 - Muller, J.
A1 - Murach, T.
A1 - Nakashima, K.
A1 - Nayerhoda, A.
A1 - de Naurois, M.
A1 - Ndiyavala, H.
A1 - Niederwanger, F.
A1 - Niemiec, J.
A1 - Oakes, L.
A1 - O'Brien, Patrick
A1 - Odaka, H.
A1 - Ohm, S.
A1 - Olivera-Nieto, L.
A1 - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1 - Ostrowski, M.
A1 - Oya, I.
A1 - Panter, M.
A1 - Panny, S.
A1 - Parsons, R. D.
A1 - Peron, G.
A1 - Peyaud, B.
A1 - Piel, Q.
A1 - Pita, S.
A1 - Poireau, V.
A1 - Noel, A. Priyana
A1 - Prokhorov, D. A.
A1 - Prokoph, H.
A1 - Puhlhofer, G.
A1 - Punch, M.
A1 - Quirrenbach, A.
A1 - Raab, S.
A1 - Rauth, R.
A1 - Reichherzer, P.
A1 - Reimer, A.
A1 - Reimer, O.
A1 - Remy, Q.
A1 - Renaud, M.
A1 - Rieger, F.
A1 - Rinchiuso, L.
A1 - Romoli, C.
A1 - Rowell, G.
A1 - Rudak, B.
A1 - Ruiz-Velasco, E.
A1 - Sahakian, V.
A1 - Sailer, S.
A1 - Sanchez, D. A.
A1 - Santangelo, Andrea
A1 - Sasaki, M.
A1 - Scalici, M.
A1 - Schussler, F.
A1 - Schutte, H. M.
A1 - Schwanke, U.
A1 - Schwemmer, S.
A1 - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1 - Senniappan, M.
A1 - Seyffert, A. S.
A1 - Shafi, N.
A1 - Shiningayamwe, K.
A1 - Simoni, R.
A1 - Sinha, A.
A1 - Sol, H.
A1 - Specovius, A.
A1 - Spencer, S.
A1 - Spir-Jacob, M.
A1 - Stawarz, L.
A1 - Sun, L.
A1 - Steenkamp, R.
A1 - Stegmann, C.
A1 - Steinmassl, S.
A1 - Steppa, C.
A1 - Takahashi, T.
A1 - Tavernier, T.
A1 - Taylor, A. M.
A1 - Terrier, R.
A1 - Tiziani, D.
A1 - Tluczykont, M.
A1 - Tomankova, L.
A1 - Trichard, C.
A1 - Tsirou, M.
A1 - Tuffs, R.
A1 - Uchiyama, Y.
A1 - van der Walt, D. J.
A1 - van Eldik, C.
A1 - van Rensburg, C.
A1 - van Soelen, B.
A1 - Vasileiadis, G.
A1 - Veh, J.
A1 - Venter, C.
A1 - Vincent, P.
A1 - Vink, J.
A1 - Volk, H. J.
A1 - Vuillaume, T.
A1 - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1 - Wagner, S. J.
A1 - Watson, J.
A1 - Werner, F.
A1 - White, R.
A1 - Wierzcholska, A.
A1 - Wong, Yu Wun
A1 - Yusafzai, A.
A1 - Zacharias, M.
A1 - Zanin, R.
A1 - Zargaryan, D.
A1 - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1 - Zech, Alraune
A1 - Zhu, S. J.
A1 - Ziegler, A.
A1 - Zorn, J.
A1 - Zouari, S.
A1 - Zywucka, N.
T1 - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT - HESS J1826-130
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02
(stat)degrees
stat degrees +/- 0.05
(sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2
(+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW - ISM: supernova remnants
KW - ISM: clouds
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - gamma rays:
KW - ISM
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 644
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Lewinsohn, Thomas M.
A1 - Kahl, Tiemo
A1 - Grassein, Fabrice
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Sikorski, Johannes
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Arndt, Hartmut
A1 - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1 - Blaser, Stefan
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Jorge, Leonardo Re
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Keyel, Alexander C.
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Klemmer, Sandra
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Overmann, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Penone, Caterina
A1 - Perovic, David J.
A1 - Purschke, Oliver
A1 - Schall, Peter
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Tscharntke, Teja
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Venter, Paul Christiaan
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wurst, Susanne
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Fischer, Markus
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Allan, Eric
T1 - Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities
JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
N2 - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss(1,2). Alongside reductions in local species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for conservation. Biotic homogenization means a decrease in beta-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites). Most studies have investigated losses in local (alpha)-diversity(1,3) and neglected biodiversity loss at larger spatial scales. Studies addressing beta-diversity have focused on single or a few organism groups (for example, ref. 4), and it is thus unknown whether land-use intensification homogenizes communities at different trophic levels, above-and belowground. Here we show that even moderate increases in local land-use intensity (LUI) cause biotic homogenization across microbial, plant and animal groups, both above- and belowground, and that this is largely independent of changes in alpha-diversity. We analysed a unique grassland biodiversity dataset, with abundances of more than 4,000 species belonging to 12 trophic groups. LUI, and, in particular, high mowing intensity, had consistent effects on beta-diversity across groups, causing a homogenization of soil microbial, fungal pathogen, plant and arthropod communities. These effects were nonlinear and the strongest declines in beta-diversity occurred in the transition from extensively managed to intermediate intensity grassland. LUI tended to reduce local alpha-diversity in aboveground groups, whereas the alpha-diversity increased in belowground groups. Correlations between the alpha-diversity of different groups, particularly between plants and their consumers, became weaker at high LUI. This suggests a loss of specialist species and is further evidence for biotic homogenization. The consistently negative effects of LUI on landscape-scale biodiversity underscore the high value of extensively managed grasslands for conserving multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Indeed, biotic homogenization rather than local diversity loss could prove to be the most substantial consequence of land-use intensification.
Y1 - 2016
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20575
SN - 0028-0836
SN - 1476-4687
VL - 540
SP - 266
EP - +
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Allan, Eric
A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1 - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Tscharntke, Teja
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Bellach, Michaela
A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Chatzinotas, Antonis
A1 - Christ, Sabina
A1 - Daniel, Rolf
A1 - Diekötter, Tim
A1 - Fischer, Christiane
A1 - Friedl, Thomas
A1 - Glaser, Karin
A1 - Hallmann, Christine
A1 - Hodac, Ladislav
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Nacke, Heiko
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1 - Rothenwoehrer, Christoph
A1 - Schally, Peter
A1 - Scherber, Christoph
A1 - Schulze, Waltraud X.
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Steckel, Juliane
A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Westphal, Catrin
A1 - Wolters, Volkmar
A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1 - Gockel, Sonja
A1 - Gorke, Martin
A1 - Hemp, Andreas
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Schöning, Ingo
A1 - Pfeiffer, Simone
A1 - König-Ries, Birgitta
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Fischer, Markus
T1 - Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2 - Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
KW - biodiversity loss
KW - agricultural grasslands
KW - Biodiversity Exploratories
Y1 - 2014
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 111
IS - 1
SP - 308
EP - 313
PB - National Acad. of Sciences
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Manning, Pete
A1 - Gossner, Martin M.
A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1 - Allan, Eric
A1 - Zhang, Yuan-Ye
A1 - Prati, Daniel
A1 - Blüthgen, Nico
A1 - Boch, Steffen
A1 - Böhm, Stefan
A1 - Börschig, Carmen
A1 - Hölzel, Norbert
A1 - Jung, Kirsten
A1 - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1 - Kleinebecker, Till
A1 - Krauss, Jochen
A1 - Lange, Markus
A1 - Müller, Jörg
A1 - Pasalic, Esther
A1 - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1 - Tschapka, Marco
A1 - Türke, Manfred
A1 - Weiner, Christiane
A1 - Werner, Michael
A1 - Gockel, Sonja
A1 - Hemp, Andreas
A1 - Renner, Swen C.
A1 - Wells, Konstans
A1 - Buscot, Francois
A1 - Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1 - Fischer, Markus
T1 - Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa
JF - Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
N2 - Land-use intensification is a key driver of biodiversity change. However, little is known about how it alters relationships between the diversities of different taxonomic groups, which are often correlated due to shared environmental drivers and trophic interactions. Using data from 150 grassland sites, we examined how land-use intensification (increased fertilization, higher livestock densities, and increased mowing frequency) altered correlations between the species richness of 15 plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate taxa. We found that 54% of pairwise correlations between taxonomic groups were significant and positive among all grasslands, while only one was negative. Higher land-use intensity substantially weakened these correlations(35% decrease in rand 43% fewer significant pairwise correlations at high intensity), a pattern which may emerge as a result of biodiversity declines and the breakdown of specialized relationships in these conditions. Nevertheless, some groups (Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera) were consistently correlated with multidiversity, an aggregate measure of total biodiversity comprised of the standardized diversities of multiple taxa, at both high and lowland-use intensity. The form of intensification was also important; increased fertilization and mowing frequency typically weakened plant-plant and plant-primary consumer correlations, whereas grazing intensification did not. This may reflect decreased habitat heterogeneity under mowing and fertilization and increased habitat heterogeneity under grazing. While these results urge caution in using certain taxonomic groups to monitor impacts of agricultural management on biodiversity, they also suggest that the diversities of some groups are reasonably robust indicators of total biodiversity across a range of conditions.
KW - Biodiversity indicators
KW - correlation
KW - fertilization
KW - grassland management
KW - grazing
KW - land-use change
KW - land-use intensity
KW - mowing
KW - multidiversity
KW - multitrophic interactions
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1307.1
SN - 0012-9658
SN - 1939-9170
VL - 96
IS - 6
SP - 1492
EP - 1501
PB - Wiley
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Maier, Philipp
A1 - Wolf, Jürgen
A1 - Keilig, Thomas
A1 - Krabbe, Alfred
A1 - Duffard, Rene
A1 - Ortiz, Jose-Luis
A1 - Klinkner, Sabine
A1 - Lengowski, Michael
A1 - Müller, Thomas
A1 - Lockowandt, Christian
A1 - Krockstedt, Christian
A1 - Kappelmann, Norbert
A1 - Stelzer, Beate
A1 - Werner, Klaus
A1 - Geier, Stephan
A1 - Kalkuhl, Christoph
A1 - Rauch, Thomas
A1 - Schanz, Thomas
A1 - Barnstedt, Jürgen
A1 - Conti, Lauro
A1 - Hanke, Lars
T1 - Towards a European Stratospheric Balloon Observatory
BT - the ESBO design study
T2 - Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VII
N2 - This paper presents the concept of a community-accessible stratospheric balloon-based observatory that is currently under preparation by a consortium of European research institutes and industry. We present the technical motivation, science case, instrumentation, and a two-stage image stabilization approach of the 0.5-m UV/visible platform. In addition, we briefly describe the novel mid-sized stabilized balloon gondola under design to carry telescopes in the 0.5 to 0.6 m range as well as the currently considered flight option for this platform. Secondly, we outline the scientific and technical motivation for a large balloon-based FIR telescope and the ESBO DS approach towards such an infrastructure.
KW - astronomy
KW - balloon telescopes
KW - UV
KW - far infrared
KW - detectors
KW - observatory
Y1 - 2018
SN - 978-1-5106-1954-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2319248
SN - 0277-786X
SN - 1996-756X
VL - 10700
PB - SPIE-INT Soc Optical Engineering
CY - Bellingham
ER -