TY - JOUR A1 - Marggraf, Lara Christin A1 - Lindecke, Oliver A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Pētersons, Gunārs A1 - Voigt-Heucke, Silke Luise T1 - Nathusius’ bats, Pipistrellus nathusii, bypass mating opportunities of their own species, but respond to foraging heterospecifics on migratory transit flights JF - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution N2 - In late summer, migratory bats of the temperate zone face the challenge of accomplishing two energy-demanding tasks almost at the same time: migration and mating. Both require information and involve search efforts, such as localizing prey or finding potential mates. In non-migrating bat species, playback studies showed that listening to vocalizations of other bats, both con-and heterospecifics, may help a recipient bat to find foraging patches and mating sites. However, we are still unaware of the degree to which migrating bats depend on con-or heterospecific vocalizations for identifying potential feeding or mating opportunities during nightly transit flights. Here, we investigated the vocal responses of Nathusius’ pipistrelle bats, Pipistrellus nathusii, to simulated feeding and courtship aggregations at a coastal migration corridor. We presented migrating bats either feeding buzzes or courtship calls of their own or a heterospecific migratory species, the common noctule, Nyctalus noctula. We expected that during migratory transit flights, simulated feeding opportunities would be particularly attractive to bats, as well as simulated mating opportunities which may indicate suitable roosts for a stopover. However, we found that when compared to the natural silence of both pre-and post-playback phases, bats called indifferently during the playback of conspecific feeding sounds, whereas P. nathusii echolocation call activity increased during simulated feeding of N. noctula. In contrast, the call activity of P. nathusii decreased during the playback of conspecific courtship calls, while no response could be detected when heterospecific call types were broadcasted. Our results suggest that while on migratory transits, P. nathusii circumnavigate conspecific mating aggregations, possibly to save time or to reduce the risks associated with social interactions where aggression due to territoriality might be expected. This avoidance behavior could be a result of optimization strategies by P. nathusii when performing long-distance migratory flights, and it could also explain the lack of a response to simulated conspecific feeding. However, the observed increase of activity in response to simulated feeding of N. noctula, suggests that P. nathusii individuals may be eavesdropping on other aerial hawking insectivorous species during migration, especially if these occupy a slightly different foraging niche. KW - playback KW - phonotaxis KW - bats KW - acoustic communication KW - animal migration KW - eavesdropping KW - echolocation KW - Pipistrellus nathusii Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.908560 SN - 2296-701X SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Roeleke, Manuel A1 - Marggraf, Lara A1 - Petersons, Gunars A1 - Voigt-Heucke, Silke L. T1 - Migratory bats respond to artificial green light with positive phototaxis JF - PLoS one Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177748 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 12 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marggraf, Lara Christin A1 - Lindecke, Oliver A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Pētersons, Gunārs A1 - Voigt-Heucke, Silke Luise T1 - Nathusius’ bats, Pipistrellus nathusii, bypass mating opportunities of their own species, but respond to foraging heterospecifics on migratory transit flights T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In late summer, migratory bats of the temperate zone face the challenge of accomplishing two energy-demanding tasks almost at the same time: migration and mating. Both require information and involve search efforts, such as localizing prey or finding potential mates. In non-migrating bat species, playback studies showed that listening to vocalizations of other bats, both con-and heterospecifics, may help a recipient bat to find foraging patches and mating sites. However, we are still unaware of the degree to which migrating bats depend on con-or heterospecific vocalizations for identifying potential feeding or mating opportunities during nightly transit flights. Here, we investigated the vocal responses of Nathusius’ pipistrelle bats, Pipistrellus nathusii, to simulated feeding and courtship aggregations at a coastal migration corridor. We presented migrating bats either feeding buzzes or courtship calls of their own or a heterospecific migratory species, the common noctule, Nyctalus noctula. We expected that during migratory transit flights, simulated feeding opportunities would be particularly attractive to bats, as well as simulated mating opportunities which may indicate suitable roosts for a stopover. However, we found that when compared to the natural silence of both pre-and post-playback phases, bats called indifferently during the playback of conspecific feeding sounds, whereas P. nathusii echolocation call activity increased during simulated feeding of N. noctula. In contrast, the call activity of P. nathusii decreased during the playback of conspecific courtship calls, while no response could be detected when heterospecific call types were broadcasted. Our results suggest that while on migratory transits, P. nathusii circumnavigate conspecific mating aggregations, possibly to save time or to reduce the risks associated with social interactions where aggression due to territoriality might be expected. This avoidance behavior could be a result of optimization strategies by P. nathusii when performing long-distance migratory flights, and it could also explain the lack of a response to simulated conspecific feeding. However, the observed increase of activity in response to simulated feeding of N. noctula, suggests that P. nathusii individuals may be eavesdropping on other aerial hawking insectivorous species during migration, especially if these occupy a slightly different foraging niche. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1306 KW - playback KW - phonotaxis KW - bats KW - acoustic communication KW - animal migration KW - eavesdropping KW - echolocation KW - Pipistrellus nathusii Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-579574 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1306 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Zylla, Birgitta A1 - Niproschke, Saskia A1 - Guder, Petra A1 - Sonnen, Bernd-Rüdeger A1 - Kahl, Wolfgang A1 - Groeger-Roth, Frederick A1 - Kaeding, Peer A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Voigt, Jana A1 - Sturzbecher, Dietmar A1 - Kohlstruck, Michael A1 - Möller, Kurt A1 - Rolfes, Manfred A1 - Winter, Frank A1 - Breitschwerdt, Michael A1 - Kopp, Andrea A1 - Hinze, Klaus A1 - Lösel, Friedrich A1 - Klindworth-Mohr, Antje A1 - Madl, Martina A1 - Dunand, Annelie A1 - Schanzenbächer, Stefan A1 - Rump-Räuber, Michael A1 - Roos, Alfred A1 - Seidel, Andreas A1 - Gröger, Ulli A1 - Ulbricht, Juliane A1 - Martin, Christian A1 - Behrendt, Daniel ED - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Nachhaltige Prävention von Kriminalität, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus BT - Beiträge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis N2 - Was wird unter „nachhaltiger Prävention“ in der Präventionsforschung verstanden? Welche guten Beispiele für nachhaltige Prävention gibt es in der Praxis? Und v. a.: Wie lässt sich Prävention in den verschiedenen Bereichen wie Kriminalität, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus nachhaltig gestalten? Diesen Fragen will der vorliegende Sammelband nachgehen und damit der Präventionsdebatte neue Impulse verleihen. Der Band will insbesondere die nationale sowie internationale Fachdebatte konstruktiv aufgreifen, Theorie und Praxis verbinden, „good practice“ Beispiele darstellen sowie Perspektiven nachhaltiger Prävention aufzeigen. Mit diesem Themenspektrum richtet er sich sowohl an die Wissenschaft als auch an die Praxis sowie insgesamt an eine interessierte Öffentlichkeit. N2 - What is meant by „sustainable prevention“ in prevention research? What are good examples for sustainable prevention? And above all: How can prevention in fields like crime, violence and right-wing extremism be arranged sustainably? This miscellany is focused on these questions and it is intend to give new inputs for the current discussion on sustainable prevention. Especially, the miscellany is meant to connect the national and international trade debate, to combine theory and practice, to describe examples of “good practice” as well as to show prospects of sustainable prevention. These range of topics focus on science and practice as well as an interested public in general. KW - Prävention KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Gewalt KW - Kriminalität KW - Rechtsextremismus KW - prevention KW - sustainability KW - violence KW - crime KW - right-wing extremism Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70537 SN - 978-3-86956-014-4 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voigt, Christian A1 - Scholl, Julia M. A1 - Bauer, Juliane A1 - Teige, Tobias A1 - Yovel, Yossi A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie A1 - Gras, Pierre T1 - Movement responses of common noctule bats to the illuminated urban landscape JF - Landscape ecology N2 - Context Cities are a challenging habitat for obligate nocturnal mammals because of the ubiquitous use of artificial light at night (ALAN). How nocturnal animals move in an urban landscape, particularly in response to ALAN is largely unknown. Objectives We studied the movement responses, foraging and commuting, of common noctules (Nyctalus noctula) to urban landscape features in general and ALAN in particular. Methods We equipped 20 bats with miniaturized GPS loggers in the Berlin metropolitan area and related spatial positions of bats to anthropogenic and natural landscape features and levels of ALAN. Results Common noctules foraged close to ALAN only next to bodies of water or well vegetated areas, probably to exploit swarms of insects lured by street lights. In contrast, they avoided illuminated roads, irrespective of vegetation cover nearby. Predictive maps identified most of the metropolitan area as non-favoured by this species because of high levels of impervious surfaces and ALAN. Dark corridors were used by common noctules for commuting and thus likely improved the permeability of the city landscape. Conclusions We conclude that the spatial use of common noctules, previously considered to be more tolerant to light than other bats, is largely constrained by ALAN. Our study is the first individual-based GPS tracking study to show sensitive responses of nocturnal wildlife to light pollution. Approaches to protect urban biodiversity need to include ALAN to safeguard the larger network of dark habitats for bats and other nocturnal species in cities. KW - Urbanization KW - GPS tracking KW - Artificial light at night KW - ALAN KW - Habitat use KW - Preference KW - Movement KW - Common noctule bat Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00942-4 SN - 0921-2973 SN - 1572-9761 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 189 EP - 201 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritze, Marcus A1 - Costantini, David A1 - Fickel, Jörns A1 - Wehner, Dana A1 - Czirjak, Gsbor A. A1 - Voigt, Christian Claus T1 - Immune response of hibernating European bats to a fungal challenge JF - Biology open N2 - Immunological responses of hibernating mammals are suppressed at low body temperatures, a possible explanation for the devastating effect of the white-nose syndrome on hibernating North American bats. However, European bats seem to cope well with the fungal causative agent of the disease. To better understand the immune response of hibernating bats, especially against fungal pathogens, we challenged European greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) by inoculating the fungal antigen zymosan. We monitored torpor patterns, immune gene expressions, different aspects of the acute phase response and plasma oxidative status markers, and compared them with sham-injected control animals at 30 min, 48 h and 96 h after inoculation. Torpor patterns, body temperatures, body masses, white blood cell counts, expression of immune genes, reactive oxygen metabolites and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity did not differ between groups during the experiment. However, zymosan injected bats had significantly higher levels of haptoglobin than the control animals. Our results indicate that hibernating greater mouse-eared bats mount an inflammatory response to a fungal challenge, with only mild to negligible consequences for the energy budget of hibernation. Our study gives a first hint that hibernating European bats may have evolved a hibernation-adjusted immune response in order to balance the trade-off between competent pathogen elimination and a prudent energy-saving regime. KW - Fungal challenge KW - Torpor KW - Body temperature KW - Zymosan KW - Acute phase response KW - Oxidative stress KW - Myotis myotis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.046078 SN - 2046-6390 VL - 8 IS - 10 PB - Company biologists ltd CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hetenyi, Gyorgy A1 - Molinari, Irene A1 - Clinton, John A1 - Bokelmann, Gotz A1 - Bondar, Istvan A1 - Crawford, Wayne C. A1 - Dessa, Jean-Xavier A1 - Doubre, Cecile A1 - Friederich, Wolfgang A1 - Fuchs, Florian A1 - Giardini, Domenico A1 - Graczer, Zoltan A1 - Handy, Mark R. A1 - Herak, Marijan A1 - Jia, Yan A1 - Kissling, Edi A1 - Kopp, Heidrun A1 - Korn, Michael A1 - Margheriti, Lucia A1 - Meier, Thomas A1 - Mucciarelli, Marco A1 - Paul, Anne A1 - Pesaresi, Damiano A1 - Piromallo, Claudia A1 - Plenefisch, Thomas A1 - Plomerova, Jaroslava A1 - Ritter, Joachim A1 - Rumpker, Georg A1 - Sipka, Vesna A1 - Spallarossa, Daniele A1 - Thomas, Christine A1 - Tilmann, Frederik A1 - Wassermann, Joachim A1 - Weber, Michael A1 - Weber, Zoltan A1 - Wesztergom, Viktor A1 - Zivcic, Mladen A1 - Abreu, Rafael A1 - Allegretti, Ivo A1 - Apoloner, Maria-Theresia A1 - Aubert, Coralie A1 - Besancon, Simon A1 - de Berc, Maxime Bes A1 - Brunel, Didier A1 - Capello, Marco A1 - Carman, Martina A1 - Cavaliere, Adriano A1 - Cheze, Jerome A1 - Chiarabba, Claudio A1 - Cougoulat, Glenn A1 - Cristiano, Luigia A1 - Czifra, Tibor A1 - Danesi, Stefania A1 - Daniel, Romuald A1 - Dannowski, Anke A1 - Dasovic, Iva A1 - Deschamps, Anne A1 - Egdorf, Sven A1 - Fiket, Tomislav A1 - Fischer, Kasper A1 - Funke, Sigward A1 - Govoni, Aladino A1 - Groschl, Gidera A1 - Heimers, Stefan A1 - Heit, Ben A1 - Herak, Davorka A1 - Huber, Johann A1 - Jaric, Dejan A1 - Jedlicka, Petr A1 - Jund, Helene A1 - Klingen, Stefan A1 - Klotz, Bernhard A1 - Kolinsky, Petr A1 - Kotek, Josef A1 - Kuhne, Lothar A1 - Kuk, Kreso A1 - Lange, Dietrich A1 - Loos, Jurgen A1 - Lovati, Sara A1 - Malengros, Deny A1 - Maron, Christophe A1 - Martin, Xavier A1 - Massa, Marco A1 - Mazzarini, Francesco A1 - Metral, Laurent A1 - Moretti, Milena A1 - Munzarova, Helena A1 - Nardi, Anna A1 - Pahor, Jurij A1 - Pequegnat, Catherine A1 - Petersen, Florian A1 - Piccinini, Davide A1 - Pondrelli, Silvia A1 - Prevolnik, Snjezan A1 - Racine, Roman A1 - Regnier, Marc A1 - Reiss, Miriam A1 - Salimbeni, Simone A1 - Santulin, Marco A1 - Scherer, Werner A1 - Schippkus, Sven A1 - Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef A1 - Solarino, Stefano A1 - Spieker, Kathrin A1 - Stipcevic, Josip A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Sule, Balint A1 - Szanyi, Gyongyver A1 - Szucs, Eszter A1 - Thorwart, Martin A1 - Ueding, Stefan A1 - Vallocchia, Massimiliano A1 - Vecsey, Ludek A1 - Voigt, Rene A1 - Weidle, Christian A1 - Weyland, Gauthier A1 - Wiemer, Stefan A1 - Wolf, Felix A1 - Wolyniec, David A1 - Zieke, Thomas T1 - The AlpArray seismic network BT - a large-scale european experiment to image the alpine orogen JF - Surveys in Geophysics N2 - The AlpArray programme is a multinational, European consortium to advance our understanding of orogenesis and its relationship to mantle dynamics, plate reorganizations, surface processes and seismic hazard in the Alps-Apennines-Carpathians-Dinarides orogenic system. The AlpArray Seismic Network has been deployed with contributions from 36 institutions from 11 countries to map physical properties of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in 3D and thus to obtain new, high-resolution geophysical images of structures from the surface down to the base of the mantle transition zone. With over 600 broadband stations operated for 2 years, this seismic experiment is one of the largest simultaneously operated seismological networks in the academic domain, employing hexagonal coverage with station spacing at less than 52 km. This dense and regularly spaced experiment is made possible by the coordinated coeval deployment of temporary stations from numerous national pools, including ocean-bottom seismometers, which were funded by different national agencies. They combine with permanent networks, which also required the cooperation of many different operators. Together these stations ultimately fill coverage gaps. Following a short overview of previous large-scale seismological experiments in the Alpine region, we here present the goals, construction, deployment, characteristics and data management of the AlpArray Seismic Network, which will provide data that is expected to be unprecedented in quality to image the complex Alpine mountains at depth. KW - Seismology KW - Alps KW - Seismic network KW - Geodynamics KW - Seismic imaging KW - Mountain building Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9472-4 SN - 0169-3298 SN - 1573-0956 VL - 39 IS - 5 SP - 1009 EP - 1033 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Allan, Eric A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Fischer, Markus A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef A1 - Weigelt, Alexandra A1 - Roscher, Christiane A1 - Baade, Jussi A1 - Barnard, Romain L. A1 - Bessler, Holger A1 - Buchmann, Nina A1 - Ebeling, Anne A1 - Eisenhauer, Nico A1 - Engels, Christof A1 - Fergus, Alexander J. F. A1 - Gleixner, Gerd A1 - Gubsch, Marlen A1 - Halle, Stefan A1 - Klein, Alexandra Maria A1 - Kertscher, Ilona A1 - Kuu, Annely A1 - Lange, Markus A1 - Le Roux, Xavier A1 - Meyer, Sebastian T. A1 - Migunova, Varvara D. A1 - Milcu, Alexandru A1 - Niklaus, Pascal A. A1 - Oelmann, Yvonne A1 - Pasalic, Esther A1 - Petermann, Jana S. A1 - Poly, Franck A1 - Rottstock, Tanja A1 - Sabais, Alexander C. W. A1 - Scherber, Christoph A1 - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Steinbeiss, Sibylle A1 - Schwichtenberg, Guido A1 - Temperton, Vicky A1 - Tscharntke, Teja A1 - Voigt, Winfried A1 - Wilcke, Wolfgang A1 - Wirth, Christian A1 - Schmid, Bernhard T1 - A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions JF - Oecologia N2 - In order to predict which ecosystem functions are most at risk from biodiversity loss, meta-analyses have generalised results from biodiversity experiments over different sites and ecosystem types. In contrast, comparing the strength of biodiversity effects across a large number of ecosystem processes measured in a single experiment permits more direct comparisons. Here, we present an analysis of 418 separate measures of 38 ecosystem processes. Overall, 45 % of processes were significantly affected by plant species richness, suggesting that, while diversity affects a large number of processes not all respond to biodiversity. We therefore compared the strength of plant diversity effects between different categories of ecosystem processes, grouping processes according to the year of measurement, their biogeochemical cycle, trophic level and compartment (above- or belowground) and according to whether they were measures of biodiversity or other ecosystem processes, biotic or abiotic and static or dynamic. Overall, and for several individual processes, we found that biodiversity effects became stronger over time. Measures of the carbon cycle were also affected more strongly by plant species richness than were the measures associated with the nitrogen cycle. Further, we found greater plant species richness effects on measures of biodiversity than on other processes. The differential effects of plant diversity on the various types of ecosystem processes indicate that future research and political effort should shift from a general debate about whether biodiversity loss impairs ecosystem functions to focussing on the specific functions of interest and ways to preserve them individually or in combination. KW - Bottom-up effects KW - Carbon cycling KW - Ecological synthesis KW - Ecosystem processes KW - Grasslands KW - Jena experiment KW - Nitrogen cycling Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2589-0 SN - 0029-8549 VL - 173 IS - 1 SP - 223 EP - 237 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mulder, Christian A1 - Boit, Alice A1 - Mori, Shigeta A1 - Vonk, J. Arie A1 - Dyer, Scott D. A1 - Faggiano, Leslie A1 - Geisen, Stefan A1 - Gonzalez, Angelica L. A1 - Kaspari, Michael A1 - Lavorel, Sandra A1 - Marquet, Pablo A. A1 - Rossberg, Axel G. A1 - Sterner, Robert W. A1 - Voigt, Winfried A1 - Wall, Diana H. ED - Jacob, U ED - Woodward, G T1 - Distributional (In)Congruence of Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning JF - Advances in ecological research JF - Advances in Ecological Research N2 - The majority of research on biodiversity ecosystem functioning in laboratories has concentrated on a few traits, but there is increasing evidence from the field that functional diversity controls ecosystem functioning more often than does species number. Given the importance of traits as predictors of niche complementarity and community structures, we (1) examine how the diversity sensu lato of forest trees, freshwater fishes and soil invertebrates might support ecosystem functioning and (2) discuss the relevance of productive biota for monophyletic assemblages (taxocenes). In terrestrial ecosystems, correlating traits to abiotic factors is complicated by the appropriate choice of body-size distributions. Angiosperm and gymnosperm trees, for example, show metabolic incongruences in their respiration rates despite their pronounced macroecological scaling. Scaling heterotrophic organisms within their monophyletic assemblages seems more difficult than scaling autotrophs: in contrast to the generally observed decline of mass-specific metabolic rates with body mass within metazoans, soil organisms such as protozoans show opposite mass-specific trends. At the community level, the resource demand of metazoans shapes multitrophic interactions. Hence, population densities and their food web relationships reflect functional diversity, but the influence of biodiversity on stability and ecosystem functioning remains less clear. We focused on fishes in 18 riverine food webs, where the ratio of primary versus secondary extinctions (hereafter, 'extinction partitioning') summarizes the responses of fish communities to primary species loss (deletions) and its consequences. Based on extinction partitioning, our high-diversity food webs were just as (or even more) vulnerable to extinctions as low-diversity food webs. Our analysis allows us to assess consequences of the relocation or removal of fish species and to help with decision-making in sustainable river management. The study highlights that the topology of food webs (and not simply taxonomic diversity) plays a greater role in stabilizing the food web and enhancing ecological services than is currently acknowledged. Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-12-396992-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-396992-7.00001-0 SN - 0065-2504 VL - 46 SP - 1 EP - 88 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scholz, Carolin A1 - Voigt, Christian C. T1 - Diet analysis of bats killed at wind turbines suggests large-scale losses of trophic interactions JF - Conservation science and practice N2 - Agricultural practice has led to landscape simplification and biodiversity decline, yet recently, energy-producing infrastructures, such as wind turbines, have been added to these simplified agroecosystems, turning them into multi-functional energy-agroecosystems. Here, we studied the trophic interactions of bats killed at wind turbines using a DNA metabarcoding approach to shed light on how turbine-related bat fatalities may possibly affect local habitats. Specifically, we identified insect DNA in the stomachs of common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) killed by wind turbines in Germany to infer in which habitats these bats hunted. Common noctule bats consumed a wide variety of insects from different habitats, ranging from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems (e.g., wetlands, farmland, forests, and grasslands). Agricultural and silvicultural pest insects made up about 20% of insect species consumed by the studied bats. Our study suggests that the potential damage of wind energy production goes beyond the loss of bats and the decline of bat populations. Bat fatalities at wind turbines may lead to the loss of trophic interactions and ecosystem services provided by bats, which may add to the functional simplification and impaired crop production, respectively, in multi-functional ecosystems. KW - bat fatalities KW - biodiversity decline KW - food web KW - green-green dilemma KW - renewable energy KW - wind energy production KW - wind energy-biodiversity conflict Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12744 SN - 2578-4854 VL - 4 IS - 7 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heim, Olga A1 - Schröder, Assja A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Voigt, Christian C. T1 - Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters N2 - Bats are top insect predators on farmland, yet they suffer from intensive farmland management. Here, we evaluated the seasonal activity patterns of European bats above large, arable fields and compared these patterns between ecologically distinct bat species. Using repeated passive acoustic monitoring on a total of 93 arable fields in 2 years in Brandenburg, Germany, we surveyed the activity of different bat species between early spring and autumn. We then used generalized additive mixed models to describe and compare the seasonal bat activity patterns between bat categories, which were build based on the affiliation to a functional group and migratory class, while controlling for local weather conditions. In general, the affiliation to a bat category in interaction with the season in addition to cloud cover and ambient air temperature explained a major part of bat activity. The season was also an important factor for the foraging activity of open-space specialists such as Nyctalus noctula but showed only a weak effect on species such as Pipistreilus nathusii which are adapted to edge-space habitats. Across the seasons, habitat use intensity was high during the period of swarming and migration and low during the energy demanding period of lactation. Seasonal patterns in foraging activity showed that open-space specialists foraged more intensively above agricultural fields during the migration period, while edge-space specialists foraged also during the energy demanding period of lactation. We conclude that the significant seasonal fluctuations in bat activity and significant differences between bat categories in open agricultural landscapes should be taken into consideration when designing monitoring schemes and management plans for bat species in regions dominated by agriculture. Also, management plans should be directed to improve the conditions on arable land especially for bat species which would be classified as narrow-space foragers such as Myotis species. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Agricultural intensification KW - Seasonality KW - European bat species KW - Functional bat group KW - Migration KW - AgroScapeLabs Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.09.002 SN - 0167-8809 SN - 1873-2305 VL - 233 SP - 130 EP - 139 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baylis, Alastair M. M. A1 - Kowalski, Gabriele Joanna A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Orben, Rachael A. A1 - Trillmich, Fritz A1 - Staniland, Iain J. A1 - Hoffman, Joseph I. T1 - Pup vibrissae stable isotopes reveal geographic differences in adult female southern sea lion habitat use during gestation T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Individuals within populations often differ substantially in habitat use, the ecological consequences of which can be far reaching. Stable isotope analysis provides a convenient and often cost effective means of indirectly assessing the habitat use of individuals that can yield valuable insights into the spatiotemporal distribution of foraging specialisations within a population. Here we use the stable isotope ratios of southern sea lion (Otaria flavescens) pup vibrissae at the Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic, as a proxy for adult female habitat use during gestation. A previous study found that adult females from one breeding colony (Big Shag Island) foraged in two discrete habitats, inshore (coastal) or offshore (outer Patagonian Shelf). However, as this species breeds at over 70 sites around the Falkland Islands, it is unclear if this pattern is representative of the Falkland Islands as a whole. In order to characterize habitat use, we therefore assayed carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) ratios from 65 southern sea lion pup vibrissae, sampled across 19 breeding colonies at the Falkland Islands. Model-based clustering of pup isotope ratios identified three distinct clusters, representing adult females that foraged inshore, offshore, and a cluster best described as intermediate. A significant difference was found in the use of inshore and offshore habitats between West and East Falkland and between the two colonies with the largest sample sizes, both of which are located in East Falkland. However, habitat use was unrelated to the proximity of breeding colonies to the Patagonian Shelf, a region associated with enhanced biological productivity. Our study thus points towards other factors, such as local oceanography and its influence on resource distribution, playing a prominent role in inshore and offshore habitat use. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 546 KW - Falkland islands KW - Patagonian Shelf KW - marine predator KW - ecology KW - specialization KW - population KW - patterns KW - otters KW - diet Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-411842 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 546 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baylis, Alastair M. M. A1 - Kowalski, Gabriele Joanna A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Orben, Rachael A. A1 - Trillmich, Fritz A1 - Staniland, Iain J. A1 - Hoffman, Joseph I. T1 - Pup Vibrissae Stable Isotopes Reveal Geographic Differences in Adult Female Southern Sea Lion Habitat Use during Gestation JF - PLoS one N2 - Individuals within populations often differ substantially in habitat use, the ecological consequences of which can be far reaching. Stable isotope analysis provides a convenient and often cost effective means of indirectly assessing the habitat use of individuals that can yield valuable insights into the spatiotemporal distribution of foraging specialisations within a population. Here we use the stable isotope ratios of southern sea lion (Otaria flavescens) pup vibrissae at the Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic, as a proxy for adult female habitat use during gestation. A previous study found that adult females from one breeding colony (Big Shag Island) foraged in two discrete habitats, inshore (coastal) or offshore (outer Patagonian Shelf). However, as this species breeds at over 70 sites around the Falkland Islands, it is unclear if this pattern is representative of the Falkland Islands as a whole. In order to characterize habitat use, we therefore assayed carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) ratios from 65 southern sea lion pup vibrissae, sampled across 19 breeding colonies at the Falkland Islands. Model-based clustering of pup isotope ratios identified three distinct clusters, representing adult females that foraged inshore, offshore, and a cluster best described as intermediate. A significant difference was found in the use of inshore and offshore habitats between West and East Falkland and between the two colonies with the largest sample sizes, both of which are located in East Falkland. However, habitat use was unrelated to the proximity of breeding colonies to the Patagonian Shelf, a region associated with enhanced biological productivity. Our study thus points towards other factors, such as local oceanography and its influence on resource distribution, playing a prominent role in inshore and offshore habitat use. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157394 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 SP - 1824 EP - 1835 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Carolin A1 - Voigt, Christian C. T1 - Diet analysis of bats killed at wind turbines suggests large-scale losses of trophic interactions T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Agricultural practice has led to landscape simplification and biodiversity decline, yet recently, energy-producing infrastructures, such as wind turbines, have been added to these simplified agroecosystems, turning them into multi-functional energy-agroecosystems. Here, we studied the trophic interactions of bats killed at wind turbines using a DNA metabarcoding approach to shed light on how turbine-related bat fatalities may possibly affect local habitats. Specifically, we identified insect DNA in the stomachs of common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) killed by wind turbines in Germany to infer in which habitats these bats hunted. Common noctule bats consumed a wide variety of insects from different habitats, ranging from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems (e.g., wetlands, farmland, forests, and grasslands). Agricultural and silvicultural pest insects made up about 20% of insect species consumed by the studied bats. Our study suggests that the potential damage of wind energy production goes beyond the loss of bats and the decline of bat populations. Bat fatalities at wind turbines may lead to the loss of trophic interactions and ecosystem services provided by bats, which may add to the functional simplification and impaired crop production, respectively, in multi-functional ecosystems. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1358 KW - bat fatalities KW - biodiversity decline KW - food web KW - green-green dilemma KW - renewable energy KW - wind energy production KW - wind energy-biodiversity KW - conflict Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-591568 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heim, Olga A1 - Lorenz, Lukas A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Eccard, Jana T1 - Landscape and scale-dependent spatial niches of bats foraging above intensively used arable fields T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Introduction Bats are threatened by agricultural intensification, and although bat ecology in agricultural landscapes is in the focus of current research, the effects of interacting spatiotemporal factors on species-specific bat activity above farmland remain understudied. Our aim was to identify spatiotemporal factors and their interactions relevant for the activity of bat species above conventionally managed arable fields. Methods We repeatedly monitored relative bat activity above open arable fields in Germany using acoustic monitoring. We used site-related biotic and abiotic factors and landscape characteristics across five spatial scales, their combinations, and interactions to identify those factors which best explain variation in bat activity. Results Numerous interactions between landscape characteristics and the insect abundance affected bat activity above fields. For instance, Pipistrellus pipistrellus became more active with increasing insect abundance, but only above fields with a low proportion of woody vegetation cover in the surroundings. Additionally, the level of bat activity in summer depended on landscape characteristics. For example, the activity of Pipistrellus nathusii was relatively low in summer above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a high degree of edge complexity (e.g., hedgerow). However, the activity remained at a relatively high level and did not differ between seasons above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a low degree of edge complexity (e.g., roundly shaped forest patch). Conclusions Our results revealed that landscape characteristics and their interactions with insect abundance affected bat activity above conventionally managed fields and highlighted the opportunistic foraging behavior of bats. To improve the conditions for bats in agricultural landscapes, we recommend re-establishing landscape heterogeneity to protect aquatic habitats and to increase arthropod availability. KW - AgroScapeLabs KW - european bat species KW - agriculture KW - landscape KW - multi-scale habitat modeling KW - ecosystem service KW - conservation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428166 IS - 826 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heim, Olga A1 - Lenski, Johannes A1 - Schulze, Jelena A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Voigt, Christian C. T1 - The relevance of vegetation structures and small water bodies for bats foraging above farmland JF - Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie N2 - Bats are known to forage and commute close to vegetation structures when moving across the agricultural matrix, but the role of isolated landscape elements in arable fields for bat activity is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the influence of small isolated ponds which lie within arable fields close to vegetation structures on the flight and foraging activity of bats. Additionally, we compared species-specific activity measures between forest edges and linear structures such as hedgerows. We repeatedly recorded bat activity using passive acoustic monitoring along 20 transects extending from the vegetation edge up to 200 m into the arable field (hereafter: edge-field interface) with a small pond present at five transects per edge type (linear vs. forest). Using generalized linear mixed effect models, we analyzed the effects of edge type, pond presence and the season on species-specific flight and foraging activity within the edge-field interface. We found a higher flight activity of Nyctalus noctula and Pipistrellus pygmaeus above the arable field when a pond was present. Furthermore, Pipistrellus nathusii and Pipistrellus pipistrellus foraged more frequently at forest edges than at linear structures (e.g. hedgerows). Additionally, we found three major patterns of seasonal variation in the activity of bats along the edge-field interface. This study highlights the species-specific and dynamic use of forest and hedgerow or tree line edges by bats and their importance for different bat species in the agricultural landscape. Further, additional landscape elements such as small isolated ponds within arable fields might support the activity of bats above the open agricultural landscape, thereby facilitating agroecosystem functioning. Therefore, additional landscape elements within managed areas should be restored and protected against the conversion into arable land and better linked to surrounding landscape elements in order to efficiently support bats within the agroecosystem. KW - Hedgerow KW - Forest edge KW - Pond KW - European bats KW - Agricultural landscape KW - Wind turbines Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2017.12.001 SN - 1439-1791 SN - 1618-0089 VL - 27 SP - 9 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier GMBH CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Kaiser, Klara A1 - Look, Samantha A1 - Scharnweber, Inga Kristin A1 - Scholz, Carolin T1 - Wind turbines without curtailment produce large numbers of bat fatalities throughout their lifetime BT - a call against ignorance and neglect JF - Global ecology and conservation N2 - Bats are protected by national and international legislation in European countries, yet many species, particularly migratory aerial insectivores, collide with wind turbines which counteracts conservation efforts. Within the European Union it is legally required to curtail the operation of wind turbines at periods of high bat activity, yet this is not practiced at old wind turbines. Based on data from the national carcass repository in Germany and from our own carcass searches at a wind park with three turbines west of Berlin, we evaluated the magnitude of bat casualties at old, potentially poor-sited wind turbines operating without curtailment. We report 88 documented bat carcasses collected by various searchers over the 20-year operation period of this wind park from 2001 to 2021. Common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) and common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) were most often found dead at these turbines. Our search campaign in August and September 2021 yielded a total of 18 carcasses. We estimated that at least 209 bats were likely killed during our field survey, yielding more than 70 casualties/wind turbine or 39 casualties/ MW in two months. Since our campaign covered only part of the migration season, we consider this value as an underestimate. The 20-year period of the wind park emphasises the substantial impact old turbines may have on bat individuals and populations when operating without curtailments. We call for reconsidering the operation procedures of old wind turbines to stop the continuous loss of bats in Germany and other countries where turbine curtailments are even less practiced than in Germany. KW - green-green dilemma KW - wind energy bat conflict KW - wildlife casualties Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02149 SN - 2351-9894 VL - 37 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tucker, Marlee A. A1 - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin A1 - Fagan, William F. A1 - Fryxell, John M. A1 - Van Moorter, Bram A1 - Alberts, Susan C. A1 - Ali, Abdullahi H. A1 - Allen, Andrew M. A1 - Attias, Nina A1 - Avgar, Tal A1 - Bartlam-Brooks, Hattie A1 - Bayarbaatar, Buuveibaatar A1 - Belant, Jerrold L. A1 - Bertassoni, Alessandra A1 - Beyer, Dean A1 - Bidner, Laura A1 - van Beest, Floris M. A1 - Blake, Stephen A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Bracis, Chloe A1 - Brown, Danielle A1 - de Bruyn, P. J. Nico A1 - Cagnacci, Francesca A1 - Calabrese, Justin M. A1 - Camilo-Alves, Constanca A1 - Chamaille-Jammes, Simon A1 - Chiaradia, Andre A1 - Davidson, Sarah C. A1 - Dennis, Todd A1 - DeStefano, Stephen A1 - Diefenbach, Duane A1 - Douglas-Hamilton, Iain A1 - Fennessy, Julian A1 - Fichtel, Claudia A1 - Fiedler, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Fischhoff, Ilya A1 - Fleming, Christen H. A1 - Ford, Adam T. A1 - Fritz, Susanne A. A1 - Gehr, Benedikt A1 - Goheen, Jacob R. A1 - Gurarie, Eliezer A1 - Hebblewhite, Mark A1 - Heurich, Marco A1 - Hewison, A. J. Mark A1 - Hof, Christian A1 - Hurme, Edward A1 - Isbell, Lynne A. A1 - Janssen, Rene A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Kaczensky, Petra A1 - Kane, Adam A1 - Kappeler, Peter M. A1 - Kauffman, Matthew A1 - Kays, Roland A1 - Kimuyu, Duncan A1 - Koch, Flavia A1 - Kranstauber, Bart A1 - LaPoint, Scott A1 - Leimgruber, Peter A1 - Linnell, John D. C. A1 - Lopez-Lopez, Pascual A1 - Markham, A. Catherine A1 - Mattisson, Jenny A1 - Medici, Emilia Patricia A1 - Mellone, Ugo A1 - Merrill, Evelyn A1 - Mourao, Guilherme de Miranda A1 - Morato, Ronaldo G. A1 - Morellet, Nicolas A1 - Morrison, Thomas A. A1 - Diaz-Munoz, Samuel L. A1 - Mysterud, Atle A1 - Nandintsetseg, Dejid A1 - Nathan, Ran A1 - Niamir, Aidin A1 - Odden, John A1 - Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R. A1 - Olson, Kirk A. A1 - Patterson, Bruce D. A1 - de Paula, Rogerio Cunha A1 - Pedrotti, Luca A1 - Reineking, Bjorn A1 - Rimmler, Martin A1 - Rogers, Tracey L. A1 - Rolandsen, Christer Moe A1 - Rosenberry, Christopher S. A1 - Rubenstein, Daniel I. A1 - Safi, Kamran A1 - Said, Sonia A1 - Sapir, Nir A1 - Sawyer, Hall A1 - Schmidt, Niels Martin A1 - Selva, Nuria A1 - Sergiel, Agnieszka A1 - Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin A1 - Silva, Joao Paulo A1 - Singh, Navinder A1 - Solberg, Erling J. A1 - Spiegel, Orr A1 - Strand, Olav A1 - Sundaresan, Siva A1 - Ullmann, Wiebke A1 - Voigt, Ulrich A1 - Wall, Jake A1 - Wattles, David A1 - Wikelski, Martin A1 - Wilmers, Christopher C. A1 - Wilson, John W. A1 - Wittemyer, George A1 - Zieba, Filip A1 - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz A1 - Mueller, Thomas T1 - Moving in the Anthropocene BT - global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements JF - Science N2 - Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam9712 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 359 IS - 6374 SP - 466 EP - 469 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER -