TY  - JOUR
A1  - Voelzke, Mathias
A1  - Stutzig, Norman
A1  - Thorhauer, Hans-Alexander
A1  - Granacher, Urs
T1  - Promoting lower extremity strength in elite volleyball players: Effects
 of two combined training methods
JF  - JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
N2  - Objectives: To compare the impact of short term training with resistance plus plyometric training (RT+P) or electromyostimulation plus plyometric training (EMS+P) on explosive force production in elite volleyball players. Design: Sixteen elite volleyball players of the first German division participated in a training study. Methods: The participants were randomly assigned to either the RT+P training group (n = 8) or the EMS+P training group (n= 8). Both groups participated in a 5-week lower extremity exercise program. Pre and post tests included squat jumps (Si), countermovement jumps (CMJ), and drop jumps (DJ) on a force plate. The three-step reach height (RH) was assessed using a custom-made vertec apparatus. Fifteen m straight and lateral sprint (S15s and S15l) were assessed using photoelectric cells with interims at 5 m and 10 m. Results: RT+P training resulted in significant improvements in Si (+2.3%) and RH (+0.4%) performance. The EMS+P training group showed significant increases in performance of CMJ (+3.8%), DJ (+6.4%), RH (+1.6%), S15l (-3.8%) and after 5 m and 10 m of the S15s (-2.6%; -0.5%). The comparison of training-induced changes between the two intervention groups revealed significant differences for the Si (p = 0.023) in favor of RT+P and for the S15s after 5 m (p = 0.006) in favor of EMS+P. Conclusions: The results indicate that RT+P training is effective in promoting jump performances and EMS+P training increases jump, speed and agility performances of elite volleyball players. (c) 2012 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Muscle contraction
KW  - Quadriceps muscle
KW  - Explosive force production
KW  - Exercise
KW  - Electric stimulation
KW  - Plyometrics
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.02.004
SN  - 1440-2440
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
SP  - 457
EP  - 462
PB  - ELSEVIER SCI LTD
CY  - OXFORD
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - König, Johanna
A1  - Block, Andrea
A1  - Becker, Mathias
A1  - Fenske, Kristin
A1  - Hertel, Johannes
A1  - Van der Auwera, Sandra
A1  - Zymara, Kathleen
A1  - Voelzke, Henry
A1  - Freyberger, Harald Jürgen
A1  - Grabe, Hans Joergen
T1  - Assessment of subjective emotional valence and long-lasting impact of life events
BT  - development and psychometrics of the Stralsund Life Event List (SEL)
JF  - BMC Psychiatry
N2  - Background: Life events (LEs) are associated with future physical and mental health. They are crucial for understanding the pathways to mental disorders as well as the interactions with biological parameters. However, deeper insight is needed into the complex interplay between the type of LE, its subjective evaluation and accompanying factors such as social support. The "Stralsund Life Event List" (SEL) was developed to facilitate this research. 
Methods: The SEL is a standardized interview that assesses the time of occurrence and frequency of 81 LEs, their subjective emotional valence, the perceived social support during the LE experience and the impact of past LEs on present life. Data from 2265 subjects from the general population-based cohort study "Study of Health in Pomerania" (SHIP) were analysed. Based on the mean emotional valence ratings of the whole sample, LEs were categorized as "positive" or "negative". For verification, the SEL was related to lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD; Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview), childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), resilience (Resilience Scale) and subjective health (SF-12 Health Survey). 
Conclusions: The SEL is a valid instrument that enables the analysis of the number and frequency of LEs, their emotional valence, perceived social support and current impact on life on a global score and on an individual item level. Thus, we can recommend its use in research settings that require the assessment and analysis of the relationship between the occurrence and subjective evaluation of LEs as well as the complex balance between distressing and stabilizing life experiences.
KW  - Positive life events
KW  - Negative life events
KW  - General population
KW  - Emotional valence
KW  - Depressive disorder
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1649-3
SN  - 1471-244X
VL  - 18
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  -