TY  - JOUR
A1  - Beerenwinkel, Niko
A1  - Sing, Tobias
A1  - Lengauer, Thomas
A1  - Rahnenfuhrer, Joerg
A1  - Roomp, Kirsten
A1  - Savenkov, Igor
A1  - Fischer, Roman
A1  - Hoffmann, Daniel
A1  - Selbig, Joachim
A1  - Korn, Klaus
A1  - Walter, Hauke
A1  - Berg, Thomas
A1  - Braun, Patrick
A1  - Faetkenheuer, Gerd
A1  - Oette, Mark
A1  - Rockstroh, Juergen
A1  - Kupfer, Bernd
A1  - Kaiser, Rolf
A1  - Daeumer, Martin
T1  - Computational methods for the design of effective therapies against drug resistant HIV strains
N2  - The development of drug resistance is a major obstacle to successful treatment of HIV infection. The extraordinary replication dynamics of HIV facilitates its escape from selective pressure exerted by the human immune system and by combination drug therapy. We have developed several computational methods whose combined use can support the design of optimal antiretroviral therapies based on viral genomic data
Y1  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Radchuk, Viktoriia
A1  - Reed, Thomas
A1  - Teplitsky, Celine
A1  - van de Pol, Martijn
A1  - Charmantier, Anne
A1  - Hassall, Christopher
A1  - Adamik, Peter
A1  - Adriaensen, Frank
A1  - Ahola, Markus P.
A1  - Arcese, Peter
A1  - Miguel Aviles, Jesus
A1  - Balbontin, Javier
A1  - Berg, Karl S.
A1  - Borras, Antoni
A1  - Burthe, Sarah
A1  - Clobert, Jean
A1  - Dehnhard, Nina
A1  - de Lope, Florentino
A1  - Dhondt, Andre A.
A1  - Dingemanse, Niels J.
A1  - Doi, Hideyuki
A1  - Eeva, Tapio
A1  - Fickel, Jörns
A1  - Filella, Iolanda
A1  - Fossoy, Frode
A1  - Goodenough, Anne E.
A1  - Hall, Stephen J. G.
A1  - Hansson, Bengt
A1  - Harris, Michael
A1  - Hasselquist, Dennis
A1  - Hickler, Thomas
A1  - Jasmin Radha, Jasmin
A1  - Kharouba, Heather
A1  - Gabriel Martinez, Juan
A1  - Mihoub, Jean-Baptiste
A1  - Mills, James A.
A1  - Molina-Morales, Mercedes
A1  - Moksnes, Arne
A1  - Ozgul, Arpat
A1  - Parejo, Deseada
A1  - Pilard, Philippe
A1  - Poisbleau, Maud
A1  - Rousset, Francois
A1  - Rödel, Mark-Oliver
A1  - Scott, David
A1  - Carlos Senar, Juan
A1  - Stefanescu, Constanti
A1  - Stokke, Bard G.
A1  - Kusano, Tamotsu
A1  - Tarka, Maja
A1  - Tarwater, Corey E.
A1  - Thonicke, Kirsten
A1  - Thorley, Jack
A1  - Wilting, Andreas
A1  - Tryjanowski, Piotr
A1  - Merila, Juha
A1  - Sheldon, Ben C.
A1  - Moller, Anders Pape
A1  - Matthysen, Erik
A1  - Janzen, Fredric
A1  - Dobson, F. Stephen
A1  - Visser, Marcel E.
A1  - Beissinger, Steven R.
A1  - Courtiol, Alexandre
A1  - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
T1  - Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10924-4
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 10
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Diekmann, Martin
A1  - Andres, Christian
A1  - Becker, Thomas
A1  - Bennie, Jonathan
A1  - Blueml, Volker
A1  - Bullock, James M.
A1  - Culmsee, Heike
A1  - Fanigliulo, Miriam
A1  - Hahn, Annett
A1  - Heinken, Thilo
A1  - Leuschner, Christoph
A1  - Luka, Stefanie
A1  - Meissner, Justus
A1  - Müller, Josef
A1  - Newton, Adrian
A1  - Peppler-Lisbach, Cord
A1  - Rosenthal, Gert
A1  - van den Berg, Leon J. L.
A1  - Vergeer, Philippine
A1  - Wesche, Karsten
T1  - Patterns of long-term vegetation change vary between different types of semi-natural grasslands in Western and Central Europe
JF  - Journal of vegetation science
N2  - Questions Has plant species richness in semi-natural grasslands changed over recent decades? Do the temporal trends of habitat specialists differ from those of habitat generalists? Has there been a homogenization of the grassland vegetation? Location Different regions in Germany and the UK. Methods We conducted a formal meta-analysis of re-survey vegetation studies of semi-natural grasslands. In total, 23 data sets were compiled, spanning up to 75 years between the surveys, including 13 data sets from wet grasslands, six from dry grasslands and four from other grassland types. Edaphic conditions were assessed using mean Ellenberg indicator values for soil moisture, nitrogen and pH. Changes in species richness and environmental variables were evaluated using response ratios. Results In most wet grasslands, total species richness declined over time, while habitat specialists almost completely vanished. The number of species losses increased with increasing time between the surveys and were associated with a strong decrease in soil moisture and higher soil nutrient contents. Wet grasslands in nature reserves showed no such changes or even opposite trends. In dry grasslands and other grassland types, total species richness did not consistently change, but the number or proportions of habitat specialists declined. There were also considerable changes in species composition, especially in wet grasslands that often have been converted into intensively managed, highly productive meadows or pastures. We did not find a general homogenization of the vegetation in any of the grassland types. Conclusions The results document the widespread deterioration of semi-natural grasslands, especially of those types that can easily be transformed to high production grasslands. The main causes for the loss of grassland specialists are changed management in combination with increased fertilization and nitrogen deposition. Dry grasslands are most resistant to change, but also show a long-term trend towards an increase in more mesotrophic species.
KW  - dry grasslands
KW  - fragmentation
KW  - homogenization
KW  - management
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - nitrogen deposition
KW  - quasi-permanent plot
KW  - re-survey
KW  - species richness
KW  - wet grasslands
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12727
SN  - 1100-9233
SN  - 1654-1103
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
SP  - 187
EP  - 202
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -