TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Tran Dinh Phien, 
A1  - Albanov, Alexander
T1  - Synthesis of 3-fluoro-3-methyl-3-silatetrahydropyran and its conformational preferences in gas and solution by GED, NMR and theoretical calculations
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - The 3,3-disubstitued 3-silaheterocyclohexane with an electronegative substituent at silicon, 3-fluoro-3-methyl-3-silatetrahydropyran 1, was synthesized, and its molecular structure and conformational properties studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED) and low temperature C-13 and F-19 NMR spectroscopy. Quantum-chemical calculations were carried out both for the isolated species and Hcomplexes in gas and in polar medium. The predominance of the 1-FeqMeax conformer (1-F-eq:1-F-ax ratio of 65:35, Delta G degrees = 0.37 kcal/mol) determined from GED is close to the theoretically estimated conformational equilibrium, especially at the DFT level. In solution, low temperature NMR spectroscopy showed no decoalescence of the signals in C-13 (down to 95 K) and F-19 NMR spectra (down to 123 K). However, the calculated F-19 chemical shift of -173.6 ppm for the 1-FeqMeax conformer practically coincides with the experimentally observed value (-173 to -175 ppm) as distinct from that for the 1-FaxMeeq conformer (-188.8 ppm), suggesting compound 1 to be anancomeric in solution, in compliance with its theoretical and experimental preference in the gas phase.
KW  - 3-Fluoro-3-methyl-3-silatetrahydropyran
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Gas phase electron diffraction
KW  - Low-temperature NMR
KW  - DFT
KW  - MP2 and CCSD(T) calculations
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2018.02.055
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 74
IS  - 15
SP  - 1859
EP  - 1867
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Tolstikova, Ljudmila L.
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - N-Trifyl substituted 1,4-diheterocyclohexanesùstereodynamics and the Perlin effect
N2  - The stereodynamic behaviour of 1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)piperidine 1, 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)morpholine 2, 1,4-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)piperazine 3 and 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide 4 was studied by low-temperature 1H, 13C and 19F NMR spectroscopies. In acetone solution, compounds 1, 2 and 4 were found to exist as mixtures of two conformers in the ratio of 4:1, 4:1 and 8:1, respectively, differing by orientation of the CF3 group with respect to the ring. Compound 3 exists as a mixture of three conformers in the ratio of 3:28:69 also differing by the orientation of the two CF3 groups. Unlike the previously studied N-trifyl substituted 1,3,5-triheterocyclohexanes, the preferred conformers of compound 1 and of 1,4-diheterocyclohexanes 2-4 are those with the CF3 group directed outward from the ring, which is caused by intramolecular interactions of the oxygen atoms of the CF3SO2N groups with the equatorial hydrogens in the ;-position. B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) calculations of the energy, geometry and NMR parameters corroborate the experimental data. The calculated Perlin effects for all conformers of compounds 1-4 as well as those measured for the major conformers of compounds 3 and 4 were analyzed by the use of the NBO analysis.
Y1  - 2008
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Meshcheryakov, Vladimir I.
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Variable temperature NMR and theoretical study of the stereodynamics of 5-trifluoromethylsulfonyl-1,3,5- dioxaazinane : Perlin effect subject to heteroatom substitution
N2  - Multinuclear dynamic NMR spectroscopy of 5-trifluoromethylsulfonyl-1,3,5-dioxaazinane (4) revealed the existence of two close in energy chair conformers with differently oriented CF3 groups with respect to the ring. Of the two alternative routes for their interconversion, the ring inversion path with intermediate formation of the corresponding 2,5-twist-conformer is preferred, with the energy barrier of 11.2 kcal/mol in excellent agreement with the experimental value (11.7 kcal/mol). The Perlin effect is studied experimentally and calculated theoretically for all CH2 groups and found to be subject to the nature of the adjacent heteroatoms O and N, respectively.
Y1  - 2008
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Meshcheryakov, Vladimir I.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - The stereodynamics of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-oxadiazinane and 1,3,5- tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane- an experimental and theoretical study
N2  - Multinuclear dynamic NMR spectroscopy of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-oxadiazinane (3) revealed the existence of two conformers with differently oriented CF3 groups with respect to the ring, and two dynamic processes: ring inversion and restricted rotation about the N-S bond. Two transition states connecting the two conformers and corresponding to clockwise and counterclockwise rotations about the N-S bond were found; the calculated activation barriers of about 12 kcal/mol are in excellent agreement with those measured experimentally for the related molecule 1,3,5-tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane (1). X-ray analysis proved the existence of the symmetric isomer of 3, which is the minor isomer in solutions but the only one in the crystal due to packing effects. The normal Perlin effect (JCHax < JCHeq)observed for 2(6)-CH2 in 3, whereas the reversed Perlin effect was found for the 4-CH2 group in 3 as well as for all CH2 groups in 1 both experimentally and theoretically. The latter effect in compounds 1, 3, and 1- (methylsulfonyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane (2) can be considered as a genuine reverse Perlin effect since larger values of 1JCH are observed for longer C-H bonds.
Y1  - 2007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402007016389
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2007.09.041
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Tran Dinh Phien, 
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis, conformational preferences in gas and solution, and molecular gear rotation in 1-(dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane by gas phase electron diffraction (GED), LT NMR and theoretical calculations
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - 1-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 1, was synthesized, and its molecular structure and conformational properties studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED), low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. The predominance of the 1-Ph-ax conformer (1-Ph-eq:1-Ph-ax ratio of 20:80%, Delta G degrees (317 K) = -0.87 kcal/mol) in the gas phase is close to the theoretically estimated conformational equilibrium. In solution, low temperature NMR spectroscopy showed analyzable decoalescence of C-ipso and C(1,5) carbon signals in C-13 NMR spectra at 103 K. Opposite to the gas state in the freon solution employed (CD2Cl2/CHFCl2/CHFCl2 = 1:1:3), which is still liquid at 100 K, the 1-Ph-eq conformer was found to be the preferred one [(1-Ph-eq: 1-Ph-ax = 77%: 23%, K = 77/23 = 2.8; -Delta G degrees = -RT In K (at 103 K) = 0.44 +/- 0.1 kcal/mol]. When comparing 1 with 1-phenyl-1-(X)silacylohexanes (X = H, Me, OMe, F, Cl), studied so far, the trend of predominance of the Ph-ax conformer in the gas phase and of the Ph-eq conformer in solution is confirmed.
KW  - 1-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Gas phase electron diffraction
KW  - Low-temperature d-NMR
KW  - DFT
KW  - MP2
KW  - M062X/6-311G** calculations
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.023
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 74
IS  - 32
SP  - 4299
EP  - 4307
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Tran Dinh Phien, 
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - 1-Methylthio-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane: Synthesis, conformational preferences in gas and solution by GED, NMR and theoretical calculations
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - 1-Methylthio-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 1, the first silacyclohexane with the sulfur atom at silicon, was synthesized and its molecular structure and conformational preferences studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED) and low temperature C-13 and Si-29 NMR spectroscopy (LT NMR). Quantum-chemical calculations were carried out both for the isolated species and solvate complexes in gas and in polar medium. The predominance of the 1-MeSaxPheq conformer in gas phase (1-Ph-eq :1-Ph-ax = 55:45, Delta G degrees = 0.13 kcal/mol) determined from GED is consistent with that measured in the freon solution by LT NMR (1-Ph-eq:1-Ph-ax = 65:35, Delta G degrees = 0.12 kcal/mol), the experimentally measured ratios being close to that estimated by quantum chemical calculations at both the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - 1-Methylthio-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Gas phase electron diffraction
KW  - Low-temperature C-13 and Si-29 NMR
KW  - DFT and MP2 calculations
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2019.130677
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 75
IS  - 46
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Shlykov, Sergei A.
T1  - Structure and Conformational Properties of 1,3,3-Trimethyl-1,3-Azasilinane : Gas Electron Diffraction, Dynamic NMR, and Theoretical Study.
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 1089-5639
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Osadchiy, Dmitriy Yu
A1  - Chipanina, Nina N.
A1  - Oznobikhina, Larisa P.
T1  - 1,3-Dimethy1-3-silapiperidine - synthesis, molecular structure, and conformational analysis by gas-phase electron diffraction, low temperature NMR, IR and Raman Spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations
JF  - The journal of organic chemistry
N2  - The first Si-H-containing azasilaheterocycle, 1,3-dimethyl-3-silapiperidine 1, was synthesized, and its molecular structure and conformational properties were studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED), low temperature NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The compound exists as a mixture of two conformers possessing the chair conformation with the equatorial NMe group and differing by axial or equatorial position of the SiMe group. In the gas phase, the SiMeax conformer predominates (GED: ax/eq = 65(7):35(7)%,Delta G = 0.36(18) kcal/mol; IR: ax/eq = 62(5):38(5)%,Delta G = 0.16(7) kcal/mol). In solution, at 143 k the SiMeeq conformer predominates' in the frozen equilibrium (NMR: ax/eq = 31.5(1.5):68.5(1.5)%, Delta G = -0.22(2) kcal/mol). Thermodynamic parameters of the ring inversion are determined (Delta G(double dagger) = 8.9-9.0 kcal/mol, Delta H-double dagger = 9.6 kcal/mol, Delta S-double dagger = 2.1 eu). High-level quantum chemical calculations :(MP2, G2, CCSD(T)) nicely reproduce the experimental geometry and the predominance of the axial conformer in the gas phase.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/jo400289g
SN  - 0022-3263
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
SP  - 3939
EP  - 3947
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Stereodynamics of 1-(methylsulfonyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane: Experimental and theoretical analysis
N2  - Dynamic NMR of 1-(methylsulfonyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane reveals the existence of three conformers and two dynamic processes: ring inversion and rotation about the N-S bond, both processes having Delta G(double dagger) = 13.5 kcal/mol. An unprecedented large reverse Perlin effect (J(CHax) > J(CHeq)) was found experimentally and calculated theoretically.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jo061112x
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/Jo061112x
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Conformational analysis of 3-methyl-3-silathiane and 3-fluoro-3-methyl-3-silathiane
N2  - The conformational equilibria of 3-methyl-3-silathiane 5, 3-fluoro-3-methyl-3-silathiane 6 and 1-fluoro-1- methyl-1-silacyclohexane 7 have been studied using low temperature 13C NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The conformer ratio at 103;K was measured to be about 5ax:5eq;=;15:85, 6ax:6eq;=;50:50 and 7ax:7eq;=;25:75. The equatorial preference of the methyl group in 5 (0.35;kcal;mol;1) is much less than in 3-methylthiane 9 (1.40;kcal;mol;1) but somewhat greater than in 1-methyl-1- silacyclohexane 1 (0.23;kcal;mol;1). Compounds 5-7 have low barriers to ring inversion: 5.65 (ax;;;eq) and 6.0 (eq;;;ax) kcal mol;1 (5), 4.6 (6), 5.1 (Meax;;;Meeq) and 5.4 (Meeq;;;Meax) kcal;mol;1 (7). Steric effects cannot explain the observed conformational preferences, like equal population of the two conformers of 6, or different conformer ratio for 5 and 7. Actually, by employing the NBO analysis, in particular, considering the second order perturbation energies, vicinal stereoelectronic interactions between the Si-X and adjacent C-H, C-S, and C-C bonds proved responsible.
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 0894-3230
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meshcheryakov, Vladimir I.
A1  - Moskalik, Mikail Yu.
A1  - Kelling, Alexandra
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Oxymethylation of trifluoromethanesulfonamide with paraformaldehyde in ethyl acetate
N2  - Acid-catalyzed reaction of trifluoromethanesulfonamide with paraformaldehyde in ethyl acetate led to the formation of oxymethylated products that did not form in the reaction carried out in sulfuric acid. Following products were obtained: 5-trifluoromethylsulfonyl-1,3-dioxazinane, 3,7-bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,5,3,7-dioxadiazocane, and a complex of trifluoromethanesulfonamide with 2,4,8,10-tetraoxospiro[5,5]undecene, 1:1. The spiroring resulted from the cyclization of pentaerythritol under the action of formaldehyde. The pentaerythritol formed in its turn by oxymethylation of the methyl group of ethyl acetate with paraformaldehyde followed by the reduction of the COOEt group into CH2 OH by the formaldehyde.
Y1  - 2008
UR  - http://springer.metapress.com/content/q58m84577ng74p3g/ ?p=0be1219998b44c288f855f33f6168bf6&pi=19
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070428008020206
SN  - 1070-4280
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Osadchiy, Dmitriy Yu.
T1  - Molecular structure and conformational analysis of 3-methyl-3-phenyl-3-silatetrahydropyran. Gas-phase electron diffraction, low temperature NMR and quantum chemical calculations
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - The molecular structure and conformational behavior of 3-methyl-3-phenyl-3-silatetrahydropyran 1 was studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED-MS), low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy (LT NMR) and theoretical calculations. The 1-Ph-eq and 1-Ph-ax conformers were located on the potential energy surface. Rotation about the Si-C-ph bond revealed the phenyl ring orthogonal to the averaged plane of the silatetrahydropyran ring for 1-Ph-eq and a twisted orientation for 1-Ph-ax. Theoretical calculations and GED analysis indicate the predominance of 1-Ph-ax in the gas phase with the ratio of conformers (GED) 1-Ph-eq:1-Ph-ax=38:62 (Delta G degrees(307)=-0.29 kcal/mol). In solution, LT NMR spectroscopy gives almost the opposite ratio Ph-eq:1-Ph-ax=68:32 (Delta G degrees(103)=0.16 kcal/mol). Simulation of solvent effects using the PCM continuum model or by calculation of the solvent-solute complexes allowed us to rationalize the experimentally observed opposite conformational predominance of the conformers of compound 1 in the gas phase and in solution. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - 3-Silatetrahydropyrans
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Low temperature NMR spectroscopy
KW  - Gas-phase electron diffraction
KW  - Quantum chemical calculations
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.117
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 71
IS  - 23
SP  - 3810
EP  - 3818
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Ushakov, Igor A.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Conformational Analysis of 3-Methyl-3-Silathiane and 3-Fluoro-3-Methyl-3-Silathiane
JF  - Journal of physical organic chemistry
N2  - The conformational equilibria of 3-methyl-3-silathiane 5, 3-fluoro-3-methyl-3-silathiane 6 and 1-fluoro-1-methyl-1- silacyclohexane 7 have been studied using low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The conformer ratio at 103 K was measured to be about 5(ax):5(eq) - 15:85, 6(ax):6(eq)-50:50 and 7(ax):7(eq)-25:75. The equatorial preference of the methyl group in 5 (0.35 kcal mol(-1)) is much less than in 3-methylthiane 9 (1.40 kcal mol(-1)) but somewhat greater than in 1-methyl-1-silacyclohexane 1 (0.23 kcal mol(-1)). Compounds 5-7 have low barriers to ring inversion: 5.65 (ax -> eq) and 6.0 kcal mol(-1) (eq -> ax) (5), 4.6 kcal mol(-1) (6), 5.1 kcal mol(-1) (Me-ax -> Me-eq), and 5.4 kcal mol(-1) (Me-eq -> Me-ax) (7). Steric effects cannot explain the observed conformational preferences, like equal population of the two conformers of 6, or different conformer ratio for 5 and 7. Actually, by employing the NBO analysis, in particular, considering the second order perturbation energies, vicinal stereoelectronic interactions between the Si-X and adjacent C-H, C-S, and C-C bonds proved responsible.
KW  - conformational analysis
KW  - low-temperature NMR spectroscopy
KW  - NBO analysis
KW  - quantum chemical calculations
KW  - 3-silathianes
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.1758
SN  - 0894-3230
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SP  - 320
EP  - 326
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Shlykov, Sergei A.
A1  - Keinpeter, Erich
T1  - Structure and conformational properties of 1,3,3-Trimethyl-1,3-Azasilinane gas electron diffraction, dynamic NMR, and theoretical study
JF  - The journal of physical chemistry : A, Molecules, spectroscopy, kinetics, environment & general theory
N2  - Structure and the conformational properties of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-azasilinane have been studied. According to gas electron diffraction (GED), the molecule exists in a slightly distorted chair conformation with the N-Me group in equatorial position. High-level quantum chemical calculations excellently, reproduce the experimental geometry. Employing variable temperature H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy down to 103 K, the conformational equilibrium could be frozen and the barrier to ring inversion determined.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2110852
SN  - 1089-5639
VL  - 116
IS  - 1
SP  - 784
EP  - 789
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Chipanina, Nina N.
A1  - Oznobikhina, Larisa P.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shlykov, Sergey A.
A1  - Osadchiy, Dmitriy Yu.
T1  - Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of 3-Methyl-3-silatetrahydropyran by GED, FTIR, NMR, and Theoretical Calculations: Comparative Analysis of 1-Hetero-3-methyl-3-silacyclohexanes
JF  - The journal of organic chemistry
N2  - 3-Methyl-3-silatetrahydropyran 1 was synthesized and its molecular structure and conformational behavior was studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED), FTIR, low temperature H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and by theoretical calculations (DFT, MP2). Two conformers; 1-ax and 1-eq; were located on the potential energy Surface. In the gas phase; a slight predominance of the axial conformer was determined, with the ratio 1-ax:1-eq = 54(9):46(9) (from GED) or 53:47 or 61;39 (from IR). In solution, LT NMR spectroscopy at 103 K gives the ratio 1-ax:1-eq = 35:65 (-Delta G(103)degrees = 0.13 kcal/mol). Simulation of solvent effects using the PCM continuum model or by calculation of the corresponding solvent-solute complexes allowed us to rationalize the experimentally observed opposite conformational predominance of the conformers of 3-methyl-3-silatettahydropyran in the gas phase and in solution. Comparative analysis of the effect of heteroatom in 1-hetero-3-methyl-3-silacyclohexanes on the structure, stereoelectronic interactions, and relative energies of the conformers is done.
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.5b02355
SN  - 0022-3263
VL  - 80
IS  - 24
SP  - 12492
EP  - 12500
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Cyclobutadiene dianion derivatives : Planar 4c,6e or three-dimensional 6c,6e aromaticity?
N2  - The spatial magnetic properties (Through Space NMR Shieldings - TSNMRS) of two cyclobutadiene derivatives (2 and 5) and of a number of cyclobutadiene dianion derivatives (3, 4 and 6-8) have been calculated by the GIAO perturbation method employing the Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) concept of P. v. Ragué Schleyer, and visualized as Iso-Chemical-Shielding Surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction. TSNMRS values can be successfully employed to quantify and visualize the (anti)aromaticity of the compounds studied and to discuss the influence of Li+ complexation to cyclobutadiene dianion (4a, 7 and 8) on planar 4c,6e or three-dimensional 6c,6e aromaticity.
Y1  - 2008
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2008.05.027
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Moskalik, Mikail Yu
A1  - Starke, Ines
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Formation of unexpected products in the attempted aziridination of styrene with trifluoromethanesulfonyl nitrene
N2  - The reaction of styrene with trifluoromethanesulfonyl nitrene generated from trifluoromethanesulfonamide in the system (t-BuOCl+NaI) results in the formation of trifluoro-N-[2-phenyl-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) aminoethyl]methanesulfonamide, 1-pheny1-2-iodo-ethanol, and 2,5-diphenyl-1,4-bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)piperazine rather than the expected product of aziridination, 2-phenyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) aziridine. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed.
Y1  - 2010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00404020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2010.08.070
SN  - 0040-4020
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Belyakov, Alexander V.
A1  - Sigolaev, Yurii F.
A1  - Khramov, Alexander N.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Molecular Structure and Conformational Analysis of 1-Phenyl-1-X-1-Silacyclohexanes (X = F, Cl) by Electron Diffraction, Low-Temperature NMR, and Quantum Chemical Calculations
JF  - The journal of organic chemistry
N2  - The molecular structure and conformational preferences of 1-phenyl-1-X-1-silacyclohexanes C5H10Si(Ph,X) (X = F (3), Cl (4)) were studied by gas-phase electron diffraction, low-temperature NMR spectroscopy, and high-level quantum chemical calculations. In the gas phase only three (3) and two (4) stable conformers differing in the axial or equatorial location of the phenyl group and the angle of rotation about the Si-C-ph bond (axi and axo denote the Ph group lying in or out of the X-Si-C-ph plane) contribute to the equilibrium. In 3 the ratio Ph-eq:Ph-axo:Ph-axi is 40(12):55(24):5 and 64:20:16 by experiment and theory, respectively. In 4 the ratio Ph-eq:Ph-axo is 79(15):21(15) and 71:29 by experiment and theory (M06-2X calculations), respectively. The gas-phase electron diffraction parameters are in good agreement with those obtained from theory at the M06-2X/aug-ccPVTZ and MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ levels. Unlike the case for M06-2X, MP2 calculations indicate that 3-Ph-eq conformer lies 0.5 kcal/mol higher than the 3-Ph-axo, conformer. As follows from QTAIM analysis, the phenyl group is more stable when it is located in the axial position but produces destabilization of the silacyclohexane ring: By low temperature NMR spectroscopy the six-membered ring interconversion could be frozen, at 103 K and the present conformational equilibria of 3 and 4 could be determined. The ratio of the conformers is 3-Ph-eq:3-Ph-ax = (75-77):(23-25) and 4-Ph-eq:4-Ph-ax = 82:18.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6b02538
SN  - 0022-3263
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
SP  - 461
EP  - 470
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat  A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Suslova, E. N.
T1  - Conformational Analysis of (1,1′-Phenyl-1,1′-silacyclohex-1-yl)disiloxane
BT  - DFT and Low-Temperature 13C NMR Spectroscopy Study
JF  - Russian journal of general chemistry
N2  - The DFT and MP2 theoretical conformational analysis of the recently synthesized (1,1-phenyl-1,1-silacyclohex-1-yl)disiloxane has revealed the energetic preference of the Ph-ax,Ph-ax conformer. The Ph-ax,Ph-ax: Ph-ax,Ph-eq: Ph-eq,Ph-eq conformers ratio has been estimated as of 46.6: 33.1: 20.3 from the M062X/6-311G(d,p) free energy simulation, suggesting the possibility of detecting individual conformers experimentally, e.g., by low-temperature H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. However, only the presence of several conformers has been detected by means of H-1 NMR spectroscopy at 113 K; determination of the (Hz) and G(#) (kcal/mol) parameters for the 6-membered ring interconversion has been impossible due to the signals broadening at low temperature, signal temperature shifts, and extremely low barrier of ring inversion at T-c < 113 K.
KW  - siloxanes
KW  - silacyclohexanes
KW  - conformational analysis
KW  - DFT and MP2 simulation
KW  - low-temperature NMR spectroscopy
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363219040121
SN  - 1070-3632
SN  - 1608-3350
VL  - 89
IS  - 4
SP  - 713
EP  - 716
PB  - Pleiades Publ.
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Very low-temperature dynamic Si-29 NMR study of the conformational equilibrium of (1,1-phenyl-1,1-silacyclohex-1-yl)disiloxane
T2  - Magnetic resonance in chemistry
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.4870
SN  - 0749-1581
SN  - 1097-458X
VL  - 57
IS  - 6
SP  - 317
EP  - 319
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational analysis of 4,4-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4- (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane
N2  - 4,4-Dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane 1 and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)- 1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane 2 were studied by variable temperature dynamic 1H, 13C, 19F NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT (density functional theory) and MP2 (Moller-Plesset 2) levels of theory. Both kinetic (barriers to ring inversion) and thermodynamic data (frozen conformational equilibria) could be obtained for the two compounds. The computations revealed two minima on the potential energy surface for molecules 1 and 2 corresponding to the rotamers with the CF3SO2 group directed inward and outward the ring, the latter being 0.20.4 kcal/mol (for 1) and 1.1 kcal/mol (for 2) more stable than the former. The vibrational calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory give the values of the free energy difference Delta G degrees for the 'inward' reversible arrow 'outward' equilibrium consistent with those determined from the experimentally measured ratio of the rotamers. The structure of crystalline compound 2 was ascertained by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Y1  - 2012
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lazareva, Nataliya F.
A1  - Albanov, Alexander I.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis and conformational properties of substituted 1,4,2-oxazasilinanes: low temperature NMR study and quantum chemical calculations
Y1  - 2012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402011018321
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.077
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Meshcheryakov, Vladimir I.
A1  - Sterkhova, I. V.
A1  - Kelling, Alexandra
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Structure of the molecule of 1,2-bis(1-ethyl-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)diazene 1-oxide in the crystal and in solutions
N2  - Reduction of 4-nitro-1-ethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole with aluminum in alkaline medium resulted in a syn-isomer of 1,2- bis(1-ethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)diazene 1-oxide. The latter according to the data of X-ray diffraction analysis existed in the crystal as the most stable s-cis,s-trans-conformer, and in solution, as showed NMR data, as a mixture of s-cis,s-trans- and s-trans,s-trans-conformers. The data of quantum-chemical calculations are in agreement with the results of the structural studies.
Y1  - 2008
UR  - http://springer.metapress.com/content/p210730742rh4117/
SN  - 1070-4280
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moskalik, Mikhail Yu
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Astakhova, Vera V.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Oxidative addition of trifluoromethanesulfonamide to cycloalkadienes
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - In the oxidative system (t-BuOCl+NaI) trifluoromethanesulfonamide is regio- and stereoselectively added to only one double bond of cyclopentadiene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene giving rise to 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-(5-iodocyclopent-2-en-1-yl)methanesulfonamide 7 and trans-N,N'-cyclohex-3-en-1,2-diylbis(1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide) 8. The structure of 7 and 8 was determined by X-ray, NMR, and MS. With 1,4-cyclohexadiene, addition to both double bonds occurs with the formation of N,N'-(4-chloro-5-iodocyclohexan-1,2-diyl)bis(1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide) 9. Under the action of sodium iodide in acetone, the latter product undergoes halogenophilic attack with the reduction of the CHI group and elimination of HCl to give trans-N,N'-cyclohex-4-en-1,2-diylbis(1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide) 10, whose structure was also determined by X-ray analysis. 1,3,5-Cycloheptatriene under these conditions is oxidized to benzaldehyde and does not react with trifluoromethanesulfonamide.
KW  - Trifluoromethanesulfonamide
KW  - Cyclodienes
KW  - 1,2-Disulfonamides
KW  - Allylamides
KW  - X-ray
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.099
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 69
IS  - 2
SP  - 705
EP  - 711
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Fettke, Anja
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Push-pull vs captodative aromaticity
N2  - Vinylogs of fulvalenes with cyclopropenyl and cyclopentadienyl moieties attached either to different carbon atoms (c-C3H2-CH-CH=C5H4-c, 7) or to the same carbon atom [X=C(c-C3H2)(c-C5H4), 10] [X = CH2; C(CN)2; C(NH2)2; C(OCH2)2; O; c-C3H2; c-C5H4; SiH2; CCl2] of the double bond inserted between the two rings are examined theoretically at the B3LYP/ 6;311G(d,p) level. Both types of compounds are shown to possess aromaticity, which was called "push;pull" and "captodative" aromaticity, respectively. For the captodative mesoionic structures X=C(c-C3H2)(c-C5H4), the presence of both the two aromatic moieties and the C=C double bond is the necessary and sufficient condition for their existence as energetic minima on the potential energy surface. Aromatic stabilization energy (ASE) was assessed by the use of homodesmotic reactions and heats of hydrogenation. Spatial magnetic criteria (through space NMR shieldings, TSNMRS) of the two types of vinylogous fulvalenes 7 and 10 have been calculated by the GIAO perturbation method employing the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) concept of Paul von Ragué; Schleyer, and visualized as iso-chemical-shielding surfaces (ICSS) of various sizes and directions. TSNMRS values can be successfully employed to visualize and quantify the partial push;pull and captodative aromaticity of both the three- and five-membered ring moieties. In addition, the push;pull effect in compounds 7 and 10 could be quantified by the occupation quotient ;*C=C/;C=C of the double bond inserted between the two rings.
Y1  - 2008
UR  - http://pubs.acs.org/loi/jpcafh
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp804999m
SN  - 1089-5639
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lazareva, Nataliya F.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - 4-Alkyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4,2,6-oxaazadisilinanes : synthesis, structure, and conformational analysis
N2  - 4-Alkyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4,2,6-oxaazadisilinanes RN[CH2Si(Me)2]2O [R = Me (1), i-Pr (2)] were synthesized by two methods which provided good yields up to 84%. Low temperature NMR study of compounds (1) and (2) revealed a frozen ring inversion with the energy barriers of 8.5 and 7.7 kcal/mol at 163 and 143 K, respectively, which is substantially lower than that for their carbon analog, N-methylmorpholine. DFT calculations performed on the example of molecule (1) showed that N-Meax conformer to exist in the sofa conformation with the coplanar fragment C-Si-O-Si-C, and its N-Meeq conformer in a flattened chair conformation.
Y1  - 2010
UR  - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4569
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/Poc.1605
SN  - 0894-3230
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Conformational analysis of 3,3-dimethyl-3-silathiane, 2,3,3-trimethyl-3-silathiane and 2-trimethylsilyl-3,3- dimethyl-3-silathianeùpreferred conformers, barriers to ring inversion and substituent effec
N2  - The first conformational analysis of 3-silathiane and its C-substituted derivatives, namely, 3,3-dimethyl-3- silathiane 1, 2,3,3-trimethyl-3-silathiane 2, and 2-trimethylsilyl-3,3-dimethyl-3-silathiane 3 was performed by using dynamic NMR spectroscopy and B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) quantum chemical calculations. From coalescence temperatures, ring inversion barriers ;G; for 1 and 2 were estimated to be 6.3 and 6.8;kcal/mol, respectively. These values are considerably lower than that of thiacyclohexane (9.4;kcal/mol) but slightly higher than the one of 1,1- dimethylsilacyclohexane (5.5;kcal/mol). The conformational free energy for the methyl group in 2 (;;G°;=;0.35;kcal/mol) derived from low-temperature 13C NMR data is fairly consistent with the calculated value. For compound 2, theoretical calculations give ;E value close to zero for the equilibrium between the 2-Meax and 2-Meeq conformers. The calculated equatorial preference of the trimethylsilyl group in 3 is much more pronounced (;;G°;=;1.8;kcal/mol) and the predominance of the 3-SiMe3 eq conformer at room temperature was confirmed by the simulated 1H NMR and 2D NOESY spectra. The effect of the 2-substituent on the structural parameters of 2 and 3 is discussed.
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 0894-3230
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational preferences of Si-Ph,H and Si-Ph,Me silacyclohexanes and 1,3-thiasilacyclohexanes : Additivity of conformational energies in 1,1-disubstituted heterocyclohexanes
N2  - The conformational equilibria of 1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 1, 3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane 2, 1-methyl-1- phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 3, and 3-methyl-3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane 4 have been studied for the first time by low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy at 103 K. Predominance of the equatorial conformer of compound 1 (Ph-eq/Ph-ax=78%:22%) is much less than in its carbon analog, phenylcyclohexane (nearly 100% of Ph-eq). And in contrast to 1-methyl-1- phenylcyclohexane, the conformers with the equatorial Ph group are predominant for compounds 3 and 4: at 103 K, Ph-eq/Ph- ax ratios are 63%:37% (3) and 68%:32% (4). As the Si-C bonds are elongated with respect to C-C bonds, the barriers to ring inversion are only between 5.2-6.0 (ax -> eq) and 5.4-6.0 (eq -> ax) kcal mol(-1). Parallel calculations at the DFT and MP2 level of theory (as well as the G2 calculations for compound 1) show qualitative agreement with the experiment. The additivity/nonadditivity of conformational energies of substituents on cyclohexane and silacyclohexane derivatives is analyzed. The geminally disubstituted cyclohexanes containing a phenyl group show large deviations from additivity, whereas in 1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane and 3-methyl-3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane the effects of the methyl and phenyl groups are almost additive. The reasons for the different conformational preferences in carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds are analyzed using the homodesmotic reactions approach.
Y1  - 2012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402011016620 (25.11.2013)
SN  - 0040-4020
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
T1  - Conformational analysis of 4,4-dimethyl-4-silathiane and its S-oxides
Y1  - 2011
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Crystal structures and theoretical calculations of trans -2,4,4-trimethyl-4-silathiane 1-oxide and 4,4-dimethyl- 4-silathiane 1,1-dioxide
N2  - The crystal and molecular structures of trans-2,4,4-trimethyl-4-silathiane 1-oxide 1 and 4,4-dimethyl-4- silathiane 1,1-dioxide 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds have the chair conformation with the 2-Me and the S=O group in compound 1 occupying the equatorial positions. The DFT (B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)) and MP2 (MP2/6-311G(d,p)) theoretical calculations nicely reproduce the X-ray experimental geometry. The obtained results are discussed in connection with the electronic and structural properties of the compounds.
Y1  - 2008
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/g0k1n84305gu6x48/
SN  - 1040-0400
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Lazareva, Nataliya F.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
A1  - Chipania, Nina N.
T1  - Synthesis, Molecular Structure, Conformational Analysis, and Chemical Properties of Silicon-Containing Derivatives of Quinolizidine
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 0022-3263
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
T1  - Conformational analysis of N-phenyl- and N-trifyl-4,4-dimethyl-4-silathiane 1-sulfimides
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 0894-3230
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Silacyclohexanes and silaheterocyclohexanes-why are they so different from other heterocyclohexanes?
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - Stereochemical studies on silaheterocyclohexanes is a 'hot topic' as evidenced by the growing number of publications. During last 10 years a substantial number of substituted silacyclohexanes and heterocyclohexanes containing sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen as the second (or third) heteroatom have been synthesized and studied by variable temperature dynamic NMR spectroscopy, gas-phase electron diffraction, variable temperature IR, Raman, microwave spectroscopy with respect to thermodynamic (frozen conformational equilibria) and kinetic (barrier to ring inversion) information. As the stereochemistry of cyclohexane and its N-, O-, P-, S-hetero analogues is one of keystones of modern theoretical and synthetic organic and heterocyclic chemistry, the stereochemistry of silacyclohexane and its hetero analogs is an important element of theoretical and synthetic organosilicon chemistry. The various classes of saturated six-membered rings were critically compared and studied in detail with respect to differences in their stereochemistry and dynamic behavior.
KW  - Silacyclohexanes
KW  - Silaheterocyclohexanes
KW  - Conformational equilibrium
KW  - Barrier to ring inversion
KW  - Steric effects
KW  - Electrostatic effects
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.126
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 69
IS  - 29
SP  - 5927
EP  - 5936
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Tolstikova, Ljudmila L.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Simple methods for the preparation of N-triflyl guanidines and the structure of compounds with the CF3SO2N=C-N fragment
JF  - Journal of fluorine chemistry
N2  - Two novel and simple approaches to N-triflyl guanidines are elaborated. Owing to very strong conjugation the formally double C=N bond of TIN=C(NHR)(2) is longer than the formally single N-C bonds. Energetic effect of the triflylgroup on the conjugation in the N-C=N moiety is estimated to be >= 150 kcal/mol.
KW  - N-triflyl guanidines
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Structure
KW  - X-ray
KW  - MP2 calculations
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluchem.2011.12.004
SN  - 0022-1139
VL  - 135
IS  - 1
SP  - 261
EP  - 264
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lazareva, Nataliya F.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
A1  - Chipanina, Nina N.
A1  - Oznobikhina, Larisa P.
A1  - Albanov, Alexander I.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis, molecular structure, conformational analysis, and chemical properties of silicon-containing derivatives of quinolizidine
JF  - The journal of organic chemistry
N2  - A silicon analog of quinolizidine 3,3,7,7-tetramethylhexahydro-1H-[1,4,2]oxazasilino[4,5-d][1,4,2]oxazasilin-9a-yl)methanol 3 was synthesized. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the trans configuration and low temperature NMR spectroscopy both the flexibility (barrier of interconversion 5.8 kcal mol(-1)) and the conformational equilibrium (chair-chair and chair-twist conformers) of the compound. The relative stability of the different isomers/conformers of 3 was calculated also at the MP2/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. Intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding in 3 and the appropriate equilibrium between free and self-associated molecules was studied in solvents of different polarity. Both the N-methyl quaternary ammonium salt and the O-trimethylsilyl derivative of 3 could be obtained and their structure determined.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/jo202658n
SN  - 0022-3263
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
SP  - 2382
EP  - 2388
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational analysis of N-phenyl- and N-trifyl-4,4-dimethyl-4-silathiane 1-sulfimides
JF  - Journal of physical organic chemistry
N2  - N-Substituted 4,4-dimethyl-4-silathiane 1-sulfimides Me2Si(sic)S=NSO2R [R- Ph (1), CF3 (2)] were studied experimentally by variable temperature dynamic NMR spectroscopy. Low temperature 13 C NMR spectra of the two compounds revealed the frozen ring inversion process and approximately equal content of the axial and equatorial conformers. Calculations of the 4-silathiane derivatives 1, 2 and the model compound [R Me (3)] as well as their carbon analogs, the similarly N-substituted (sic)S=NSO2R thiane 1-sulfimides [R = Ph (4), CF3 (5), Me (6)] at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) level in the gas phase and in chloroform solution using the PCM model at the same level of theory showed a strong dependence of the relative stability of the conformer on the solvent. The electronegative trifluoromethyl group increases the relative stability of the axial conformer.
KW  - 4-silathianes
KW  - conformational analysis
KW  - dynamic NMR
KW  - quantum chemical calculations
KW  - sulfimides
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.1811
SN  - 0894-3230
VL  - 24
IS  - 8
SP  - 698
EP  - 704
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Malden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moskalik, Mikhail Yu.
A1  - Astakhova, Vera V.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
A1  - Sterkhova, Irina V.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - Assembling of 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane framework in oxidative triflamidation of substituted buta-1,3-dienes
JF  - Tetrahedron
KW  - Trifluoromethanesulfonamide
KW  - Arenesulfonamides
KW  - Cycloaddition
KW  - 1,3-Dienes
KW  - 3,6-Diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes
KW  - X-ray
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.050
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 70
IS  - 45
SP  - 8636
EP  - 8641
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis and conformational properties of 1,3-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-azasilinane low temperature dynamic NMR and computational study
JF  - Arkivoc : free online journal of organic chemistry
N2  - 1,3-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-azasilinane was synthesized and its conformational behavior was studied by the low temperature NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The compound was shown to exist as an equilibrium mixture of the PhaxMeeq and PheqMeax chair conformers with the N-methyl substituent in equatorial position. The barrier to ring inversion was also determined.
KW  - 1,3-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-azasilinane
KW  - conformational analysis
KW  - low temperature NMR spectroscopy
KW  - quantum chemical calculations
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 1551-7004
IS  - 24
SP  - 175
EP  - 185
PB  - ARKAT
CY  - Gainesville
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational flexibility of 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline and its monoheterocyclic analogs
JF  - Russian journal of general chemistry
N2  - Conformational behavior of the first cyclic organosilicon vinylsulfide, 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline as well as its monoheterocyclic analogs, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran, and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline is studied in comparison with the carbocyclic analog, cyclohexene, using the methods of low-temperature NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. The barrier to the ring inversion with respect to that in cycloxene is increased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline, but, in contrast to the suggestions made in the literature, is decreased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. In 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline the barrier is intermediate between those in the corresponding monoheterocycles, 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline and 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. The observed variations are rationalized from the viewpoint of the interaction of the pi-electrons of the C=C double bond with the orbitals of heteroatoms in the ring. The structure of the transition state for the ring inversion is discussed.
KW  - 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline
KW  - 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline
KW  - 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran
KW  - 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran
KW  - onformational analysis
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363214070135
SN  - 1070-3632
SN  - 1608-3350
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1329
PB  - Pleiades Publ.
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Moskalik, Mikhail Yu
A1  - Astakhova, Vera V.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Novel design of 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane framework in oxidative sulfonamidation of 1,5-hexadiene
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - 1,5-Hexadiene reacts with trifluoromethanesulfonamide in the oxidative system (t-BuOCl+Nal) to give trans-2,5-bis(iodomethyl)-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)pyrrolidine 5 and 3,8-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 6. With arenesulfonamides ArSO2NH2 (Ar=Ph, Tol), the reaction stops at the formation of the trans and cis isomers of 2,5-bis(iodomethyl)-1-(arenesulfonyl)pyrrolidine 7 and 8 (1:1). The cis isomers of 7 and 8 do not undergo cyclization to the corresponding 3,8-disubstituted 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. The reaction with triflamide represents the first example of one-pot two-step route to 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane system. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Trifluoromethanesulfonamide
KW  - Arenesulfonamides
KW  - 1,5-Dienes
KW  - Cycloaddition
KW  - 3,8-Diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane
KW  - X-ray
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2014.04.095
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 70
IS  - 30
SP  - 4547
EP  - 4551
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Stereochemistry of 3-isopropoxy-3-methyl-1,3-oxasilinane-the first 3-silatetrahydropyran with an exo-cyclic RO-Si bond
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - Molecular structure and conformational behavior of 3-isopropoxy-3-methyl-3-oxasilinane is studied by low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations (DFT, MP2). Two conformers, 1-ROax and 1-ROeq, were found experimentally and located on the potential energy surface. LT C-13 NMR spectroscopy gives almost equal population of the two conformers at 98 K with Delta G(98K)degrees=0.02 kcal/mol in favor of 1-ROax and Delta G(98K)(#)=4.5 kcal/mol. The corresponding DFT calculated values (Delta G(98K)degrees=0.03 kcal/mol, Delta G(98K)(#)=5.1 kcal/mol) are in excellent agreement with the experiment. Detailed DFT and MP2 calculations of the solvent effect on the conformational equilibrium were performed and highlighted the leveling out of the two conformers when transferred from gas to solution. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
KW  - 1,3-Oxasilinanes
KW  - Conformational equilibrium
KW  - Barrier to ring inversion
KW  - Solvent effects
KW  - Assignment of stereochemistry
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2015.07.047
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 71
IS  - 38
SP  - 6720
EP  - 6726
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moskalik, Mikail Yu.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Schilde, Uwe
T1  - Reaction of trifluoromethanesulfonamide with alkenes and cycloocta-1,5-diene under oxidative conditions direct assembly of 9-heterobicyclo[4.2.1]nonanes
JF  - Russian journal of organic chemistry
N2  - Reactions of trifluoromethanesulfonamide with alpha-methylstyrene, 2-methylpent-1-ene, and cycloocta-1,5-diene in the system t-BuOCl-NaI were studied. In the reaction with alpha-methylstyrene 1-iodo-2-phenylpropan-2-ol was the only isolated product. The reaction with 2-methylpent-1-ene gave a mixture of N,N'-(2-methylpentane-1,2-diyl)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonamide), trifluoro-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpentyl)-methanesulfonamide, and N,N'-[oxybis(2-methylpentan-2,1-diyl)]bis(trifluoromethanesulfonamide). Trifluoromethanesulfonamide reacted with cycloocta-1,5-diene to produce a mixture of 2,5-diiodo-9-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-9-azabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane and 2,5-diiodo-9-oxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane; this reaction may be regarded as the first example of direct assembly of bicyclononane skeleton.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070428011090016
SN  - 1070-4280
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
SP  - 1271
EP  - 1277
PB  - Pleiades Publ.
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Unusual conformational preferences of 1,3-dimethyl-3-isopropoxy-3-silapiperidine
JF  - Journal of physical organic chemistry
N2  - The conformational analysis of the first representative of the Si-alkoxy substituted six-membered Si,N-heterocycles, 1,3-dimethyl-3-isopropoxy-3-silapiperidine, was performed by low-temperature 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and DFT theoretical calculations. In contrast to the expectations from the conformational energies of methyl and alkoxy substituents, the Meaxi-PrOeq conformer was found to predominate in the conformational equilibrium in the ratio Meaxi-PrOeq : Meeqi-PrOax of ca. 2 : 1 as from the 1H and 13C NMR study. The thermodynamic parameters obtained by the complete line shape analysis showed that the main contribution to the barrier to ring inversion originates from the entropy term of the free energy of activation.
KW  - barrier to ring inversion
KW  - conformational equilibrium
KW  - DFT theoretical calculations
KW  - dynamic NMR
KW  - silapiperidines
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.3028
SN  - 0894-3230
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
SP  - 1321
EP  - 1327
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lazareva, Nataliya F.
A1  - Albanov, Alexander I.
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis and conformational properties of substituted 1,4,2-oxazasilinanes low temperature NMR study and quantum chemical calculations
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - A number of N-substituted 2,2-dimethyl-1,4,2-oxazasilinanes 1 were synthesized and studied by variable temperature dynamic H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, room temperature N-15 NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. Both the preferred conformers were assigned and the barrier to the ring inversion of the saturated six-membered ring determined. From 1 the corresponding methyl iodide salts were produced, their structure studied by X-ray analysis and found to be in excellent agreement with the results of the theoretical calculations.
KW  - 1,4,2-Oxazasilinanes
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Dynamic NMR
KW  - X-ray analysis
KW  - Quantum chemical calculations
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.077
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
SP  - 1097
EP  - 1104
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational preferences of Si-Ph,H and Si-Ph,Me silacyclohexanes and 1,3-thiasilacyclohexanes. Additivity of conformational energies in 1,1-disubstituted heterocyclohexanes
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - The conformational equilibria of 1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 1, 3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane 2, 1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane 3, and 3-methyl-3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane 4 have been studied for the first time by low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy at 103 K. Predominance of the equatorial conformer of compound 1 (Ph-eq/Ph-ax=78%:22%) is much less than in its carbon analog, phenylcyclohexane (nearly 100% of Ph-eq). And in contrast to 1-methyl-1-phenylcyclohexane, the conformers with the equatorial Ph group are predominant for compounds 3 and 4: at 103 K, Ph-eq/Ph-ax ratios are 63%:37% (3) and 68%:32% (4). As the Si-C bonds are elongated with respect to C-C bonds, the barriers to ring inversion are only between 5.2-6.0 (ax -> eq) and 5.4-6.0 (eq -> ax) kcal mol(-1). Parallel calculations at the DFT and MP2 level of theory (as well as the G2 calculations for compound 1) show qualitative agreement with the experiment. The additivity/nonadditivity of conformational energies of substituents on cyclohexane and silacyclohexane derivatives is analyzed. The geminally disubstituted cyclohexanes containing a phenyl group show large deviations from additivity, whereas in 1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-silacyclohexane and 3-methyl-3-phenyl-1,3-thiasilacyclohexane the effects of the methyl and phenyl groups are almost additive. The reasons for the different conformational preferences in carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds are analyzed using the homodesmotic reactions approach.
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Heterocycles
KW  - Dynamic NMR
KW  - Theoretical calculations
KW  - Additivity of conformational energies
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.082
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
SP  - 114
EP  - 125
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Synthesis and conformational analysis of 1,3-azasilinanes
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - 1-Isopropyl-3-methyl-3-phenyl-1,3-azasilinane 1 and 1-isopropyl-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-azasilinane 2 were synthesized and a detailed analysis of their NMR spectra, conformational equilibria and ring inversion processes is presented. Low temperature H-1/C-13 NMR spectroscopy, iteration of the H-1 NMR spectra and quantum chemical calculations showed slight predominance of the PheqMeax over the PhaxMeeq conformer of 1 at low temperature. The barrier for the chair to chair interconversion of both compounds was measured to be 8.25 kcal/mol.
KW  - 1,3-Azasilinanes
KW  - Conformational analysis
KW  - Dynamic NMR spectroscopy
KW  - Quantum chemical calculations
KW  - Ring current effect
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.106
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 68
IS  - 36
SP  - 7494
EP  - 7501
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Suslova, Elena N.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational analysis of 4,4-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane
JF  - Journal of physical organic chemistry
N2  - 4,4-Dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane 1 and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane 2 were studied by variable temperature dynamic 1H, 13C, 19F NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT (density functional theory) and MP2 (Moller-Plesset 2) levels of theory. Both kinetic (barriers to ring inversion) and thermodynamic data (frozen conformational equilibria) could be obtained for the two compounds. The computations revealed two minima on the potential energy surface for molecules 1 and 2 corresponding to the rotamers with the CF3SO2 group directed inward and outward the ring, the latter being 0.20.4 kcal/mol (for 1) and 1.1 kcal/mol (for 2) more stable than the former. The vibrational calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory give the values of the free energy difference Delta G degrees for the 'inward' reversible arrow 'outward' equilibrium consistent with those determined from the experimentally measured ratio of the rotamers. The structure of crystalline compound 2 was ascertained by X-ray diffraction analysis.
KW  - conformational analysis
KW  - dynamic NMR
KW  - quantum chemical calculations
KW  - 2
KW  - 6-disilamorpholines
KW  - 4-silapiperidines
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.1882
SN  - 0894-3230
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
SP  - 83
EP  - 90
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Moskalik, Mikhail Yu
A1  - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational equilibrium and dynamic behavior of bis-N-triflyl substituted 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane
JF  - Magnetic resonance in chemistry
N2  - Restricted rotation about the N-S partial double bonds in a bis-N-triflyl substituted 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivative 1 has been frozen at low temperature (Delta G* = 11.6 kcal mol(-1)), and the existence of all four rotamers about the two N-S bonds, 3-in, 8-in, 3-in, 8-out, 3-out, 8-in, and 3-out, 8-out, respectively, proved experimentally by NMR spectroscopy and theoretically by DFT and MP2 calculations. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
KW  - NMR
KW  - H-1
KW  - C-13
KW  - F-19
KW  - Dynamic NMR
KW  - Conformational equilibrium
KW  - restricted N-S rotation
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.4086
SN  - 0749-1581
SN  - 1097-458X
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
SP  - 448
EP  - 452
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
A1  - Kirpichenko, Svetlana V.
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
T1  - Conformational Preferences of the Phenyl Group in 1-Phenyl-1-X-1-silacyclo-hexanes (X = MeO, HO) and 3-Phenyl-3-X-3-silatetrahydropyrans (X = HO, H) by Low Temperature C-13 NMR Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations
JF  - The journal of organic chemistry
N2  - New Si-phenyl-substituted silacyclohexanes and 3-silatetrahydropyrans have been synthesized and studied with respect to the conformational equilibria of the heterosix-membered ring by low temperature C-13 NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. For 1-methoxy-1-phenylsilacyclohexane 1 and 3-phenyl-3-silatetrahydropyran 4 the conformational equilibria could be frozen and assigned. The Ph-ax reversible arrow Ph-eq equilibrium constants at 103 K are 2.21 for 1 and 4.59 for 4. In complete agreement with former studies of similar silicon compounds, molecules 1 and 4 prefer to adopt the Pheq conformation. The conformational equilibria of 1-hydroxy-1-phenylsilacydohexane 2 and 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-3-silatetrahydropyran 3 could not be frozen at 100 K and proved to be heavily one-sided (if not anancomeric). Obviously, there is a general trend of predominance of Phax conformer in the gas phase and of Pheq in solution. For the isolated molecules of silanols 2 and 3, calculations allowed to explain the axial predominance of the phenyl group by a larger polarization of the Si-Ph than of the Si-O bond in the Phax conformer and additional destabilization of 3-Ph-eq conformer by repulsion of unidirectional dipoles of the endocyclic oxygen lone pair and of the highly polar axial Si-O bond.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b02505
SN  - 0022-3263
VL  - 82
SP  - 13414
EP  - 13422
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1  - Shainyan, Bagrat A.
T1  - At the experimental limit of the NMR conformational analysis
BT  - Si-29 and C-13 NMR study of the conformational equilibrium of 1-phenyl-1-tert-butylsilacyclohexane
JF  - Organic letters
N2  - The low temperature (95 K) NMR study of 1-Ph-1-t-Bu-silacyclohexane (1) showed the conformational equilibrium to be extremely one-sided toward thePh(ax),t-Bueq conformer. The barrier to interconversion has been measured (4.2-4.6 kcal/mol) and the conformational equilibrium [Delta nu = 1990.64 ppm (Si-29), 618.9 ppm (C-13), 1-Ph-ax:1-Pheq = (95.6-96.6%):(3.4-4.4%), K = 25 +/- 3, Delta G degrees = -RT ln K = 0.58-0.63 kcal/mol] analyzed. The assignment and quantification of the NMR signals is supported by MP2 and DFT calculations.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03878
SN  - 1523-7060
SN  - 1523-7052
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 405
EP  - 409
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  -