TY  - JOUR
A1  - Botteri, Edoardo
A1  - Peveri, Giulia
A1  - Berstad, Paula
A1  - Bagnardi, Vincenzo
A1  - Chen, Sairah L. F.
A1  - Sandanger, Torkjel M.
A1  - Hoff, Geir
A1  - Dahm, Christina C.
A1  - Antoniussen, Christian S.
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
A1  - Huerta, Jose Maria
A1  - Jakszyn, Paula
A1  - Harlid, Sophia
A1  - Sundstroem, Bjoern
A1  - Barricarte, Aurelio
A1  - Monninkhof, Evelyn M.
A1  - Derksen, Jeroen W. G.
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1  - Sanchez, Maria-Jose
A1  - Cross, Amanda J.
A1  - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
A1  - De Magistris, Maria Santucci
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Katzke, Verena
A1  - Rothwell, Joseph A.
A1  - Laouali, Nasser
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Contiero, Paolo
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Goldberg, Marcel
A1  - Touvier, Mathilde
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Viallon, Vivian
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Gunter, Marc J.
A1  - Jenab, Mazda
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
T1  - Changes in lifestyle and risk of colorectal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
JF  - The American journal of gastroenterology : AJG
N2  - INTRODUCTION:
We investigated the impact of changes in lifestyle habits on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a multicountry European cohort.

METHODS:
We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort to assess changes in lifestyle habits and their associations with CRC development. We calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical activity collected at the 2 time points. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavorable) to 16 (most favorable). We estimated the association between HLI changes and CRC risk using Cox regression models and reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). 

RESULTS:
Among 295,865 participants, 2,799 CRC cases were observed over a median of 7.8 years. The median time between questionnaires was 5.7 years. Each unit increase in HLI from the baseline to the follow-up assessment was associated with a statistically significant 3% lower CRC risk. Among participants in the top tertile at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom tertile at follow-up (HLI <= 9) had a higher CRC risk (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.75) than those remaining in the top tertile. Among individuals in the bottom tertile at baseline, those in the top tertile at follow-up had a lower risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.59-1.00) than those remaining in the bottom tertile.

DISCUSSION:
Improving adherence to a healthy lifestyle was inversely associated with CRC risk, while worsening adherence was positively associated with CRC risk. These results justify and support recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes and healthy lifestyle maintenance for CRC prevention.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002065
SN  - 0002-9270
SN  - 1572-0241
VL  - 118
IS  - 4
SP  - 702
EP  - 711
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1  - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Blüthgen, Nico
A1  - Bellach, Michaela
A1  - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Böhm, Stefan
A1  - Börschig, Carmen
A1  - Chatzinotas, Antonis
A1  - Christ, Sabina
A1  - Daniel, Rolf
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Fischer, Christiane
A1  - Friedl, Thomas
A1  - Glaser, Karin
A1  - Hallmann, Christine
A1  - Hodac, Ladislav
A1  - Hölzel, Norbert
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1  - Kleinebecker, Till
A1  - Krauss, Jochen
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Nacke, Heiko
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1  - Rothenwoehrer, Christoph
A1  - Schally, Peter
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Schulze, Waltraud X.
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Steckel, Juliane
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1  - Werner, Michael
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Wolters, Volkmar
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Gockel, Sonja
A1  - Gorke, Martin
A1  - Hemp, Andreas
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Pfeiffer, Simone
A1  - König-Ries, Birgitta
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
T1  - Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
KW  - biodiversity loss
KW  - agricultural grasslands
KW  - Biodiversity Exploratories
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111
SN  - 0027-8424
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
SP  - 308
EP  - 313
PB  - National Acad. of Sciences
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zheng, Ju-Sheng
A1  - Luan, Jian'an
A1  - Sofianopoulou, Eleni
A1  - Imamura, Fumiaki
A1  - Stewart, Isobel D.
A1  - Day, Felix R.
A1  - Pietzner, Maik
A1  - Wheeler, Eleanor
A1  - Lotta, Luca A.
A1  - Gundersen, Thomas E.
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Ardanaz, Eva
A1  - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
A1  - Fagherazzi, Guy
A1  - Franks, Paul W.
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Laouali, Nasser
A1  - Mancini, Francesca Romana
A1  - Nilsson, Peter M.
A1  - Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte
A1  - Olsen, Anja
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Palli, Domenico
A1  - Ricceri, Fulvio
A1  - Rolandsson, Olov
A1  - Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
A1  - Sanchez, Maria-Jose
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Sala, Nuria
A1  - Sieri, Sabina
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Danesh, John
A1  - Butterworth, Adam S.
A1  - Sharp, Stephen J.
A1  - Langenberg, Claudia
A1  - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1  - Wareham, Nicholas J.
T1  - Plasma vitamin C and type 2 diabetes
BT  - genome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization analysis in European populations
JF  - Diabetes care
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Higher plasma vitamin C levels are associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, but whether this association is causal is uncertain. To investigate this, we studied the association of genetically predicted plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted genome-wide association studies of plasma vitamin C among 52,018 individuals of European ancestry to discover novel genetic variants. We performed Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the association of genetically predicted differences in plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes in up to 80,983 case participants and 842,909 noncase participants. We compared this estimate with the observational association between plasma vitamin C and incident type 2 diabetes, including 8,133 case participants and 11,073 noncase participants. 

RESULTS: We identified 11 genomic regions associated with plasma vitamin C (P < 5 x 10(-8)), with the strongest signal at SLC23A1, and 10 novel genetic loci including SLC23A3, CHPT1, BCAS3, SNRPF, RER1, MAF, GSTA5, RGS14, AKT1, and FADS1. Plasma vitamin C was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio per SD 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94), but there was no association between genetically predicted plasma vitamin C (excluding FADS1 variant due to its apparent pleiotropic effect) and type 2 diabetes (1.03; 95% CI 0.96, 1.10).

CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate discordance between biochemically measured and genetically predicted plasma vitamin C levels in the association with type 2 diabetes among European populations. The null Mendelian randomization findings provide no strong evidence to suggest the use of vitamin C supplementation for type 2 diabetes prevention.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1328
SN  - 0149-5992
SN  - 1935-5548
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
SP  - 98
EP  - 106
PB  - American Diabetes Association
CY  - Alexandria
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van Kleunen, Mark
A1  - Dawson, Wayne
A1  - Essl, Franz
A1  - Pergl, Jan
A1  - Winter, Marten
A1  - Weber, Ewald
A1  - Kreft, Holger
A1  - Weigelt, Patrick
A1  - Kartesz, John
A1  - Nishino, Misako
A1  - Antonova, Liubov A.
A1  - Barcelona, Julie F.
A1  - Cabezas, Francisco J.
A1  - Cardenas, Dairon
A1  - Cardenas-Toro, Juliana
A1  - Castano, Nicolas
A1  - Chacon, Eduardo
A1  - Chatelain, Cyrille
A1  - Ebel, Aleksandr L.
A1  - Figueiredo, Estrela
A1  - Fuentes, Nicol
A1  - Groom, Quentin J.
A1  - Henderson, Lesley
A1  - Inderjit, 
A1  - Kupriyanov, Andrey
A1  - Masciadri, Silvana
A1  - Meerman, Jan
A1  - Morozova, Olga
A1  - Moser, Dietmar
A1  - Nickrent, Daniel L.
A1  - Patzelt, Annette
A1  - Pelser, Pieter B.
A1  - Baptiste, Maria P.
A1  - Poopath, Manop
A1  - Schulze, Maria
A1  - Seebens, Hanno
A1  - Shu, Wen-sheng
A1  - Thomas, Jacob
A1  - Velayos, Mauricio
A1  - Wieringa, Jan J.
A1  - Pysek, Petr
T1  - Global exchange and accumulation of non-native plants
JF  - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
N2  - All around the globe, humans have greatly altered the abiotic and biotic environment with ever-increasing speed. One defining feature of the Anthropocene epoch(1,2) is the erosion of biogeographical barriers by human-mediated dispersal of species into new regions, where they can naturalize and cause ecological, economic and social damage(3). So far, no comprehensive analysis of the global accumulation and exchange of alien plant species between continents has been performed, primarily because of a lack of data. Here we bridge this knowledge gap by using a unique global database on the occurrences of naturalized alien plant species in 481 mainland and 362 island regions. In total, 13,168 plant species, corresponding to 3.9% of the extant global vascular flora, or approximately the size of the native European flora, have become naturalized somewhere on the globe as a result of human activity. North America has accumulated the largest number of naturalized species, whereas the Pacific Islands show the fastest increase in species numbers with respect to their land area. Continents in the Northern Hemisphere have been the major donors of naturalized alien species to all other continents. Our results quantify for the first time the extent of plant naturalizations worldwide, and illustrate the urgent need for globally integrated efforts to control, manage and understand the spread of alien species.
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14910
SN  - 0028-0836
SN  - 1476-4687
VL  - 525
IS  - 7567
SP  - 100
EP  - +
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rothwell, Joseph A.
A1  - Murphy, Neil
A1  - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Bešević, Jelena
A1  - Kliemann, Nathalie
A1  - Jenab, Mazda
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Achaintre, David
A1  - Gicquiau, Audrey
A1  - Vozar, Béatrice
A1  - Scalbert, Augustin
A1  - Huybrechts, Inge
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Prehn, Cornelia
A1  - Adamski, Jerzy
A1  - Cross, Amanda J.
A1  - Pala, Valeria Maria
A1  - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Dahm, Christina C.
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Gram, Inger Torhild
A1  - Sandanger, Torkjel M.
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Jakszyn, Paula
A1  - Tsilidis, Kostas K.
A1  - Hughes, David J.
A1  - van Guelpen, Bethany
A1  - Bodén, Stina
A1  - Sánchez, Maria-José
A1  - Schmidt, Julie A.
A1  - Katzke, Verena
A1  - Kühn, Tilman
A1  - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1  - Vineis, Paolo
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
A1  - Tjønneland, Anne
A1  - Aune, Dagfinn
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Chajès, Véronique
A1  - Gunter, Marc J.
T1  - Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort
JF  - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology
N2  - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression.

RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants.

CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer.
KW  - colorectal neoplasm
KW  - risk factors
KW  - World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations
KW  - targeted metabolomics
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.045
SN  - 1542-3565
SN  - 1542-7714
VL  - 20
SP  - E1061
EP  - E1082
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian Tobias
A1  - Ptacnik, Robert
A1  - Hillebrand, Helmut
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Temperton, Vicky M.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Biodiversity-multifunctionality relationships depend on identity and number of measured functions
JF  - Nature Ecology & Evolution
N2  - Biodiversity ensures ecosystem functioning and provisioning of ecosystem services, but it remains unclear how biodiversity-ecosystem multifunctionality relationships depend on the identity and number of functions considered. Here, we demonstrate that ecosystem multifunctionality, based on 82 indicator variables of ecosystem functions in a grassland biodiversity experiment, increases strongly with increasing biodiversity. Analysing subsets of functions showed that the effects of biodiversity on multifunctionality were stronger when more functions were included and that the strength of the biodiversity effects depended on the identity of the functions included. Limits to multifunctionality arose from negative correlations among functions and functions that were not correlated with biodiversity. Our findings underline that the management of ecosystems for the protection of biodiversity cannot be replaced by managing for particular ecosystem functions or services and emphasize the need for specific management to protect biodiversity. More plant species from the experimental pool of 60 species contributed to functioning when more functions were considered. An individual contribution to multifunctionality could be demonstrated for only a fraction of the species.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0391-4
SN  - 2397-334X
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 44
EP  - 49
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Wedernikov, Nikolaij T.
A1  - Sliva, Anatolij J.
A1  - Ebseev, Boris S.
A1  - Mitjukov, Mitjukov, Michail Alekseevič
A1  - Bobrowa, Vera K.
A1  - Yustus, Ekaterina
A1  - Postier, Rüdiger
A1  - Schulze, Carola
A1  - Hoof, Karsten
A1  - Steinhorst, Lars
A1  - Straschun, Boris A.
A1  - Narutto, Svetlana Vasil'evna
A1  - Michaleva, Nadezda A.
A1  - Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič
A1  - Warlen, Maria V.
ED  - Schulze, Carola
ED  - Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič
T1  - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
BT  - Rundtischgespräch an der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012
N2  - Der Tagungsband enthält die Referate und Diskussionsbeiträge des in Moskau an der Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 durchgeführten Rundtischgespräches zur Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit. Behandelt werden ausgewählte rechtshistorische und -politische Fragen sowie aktuelle rechtliche Probleme der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland sowohl aus der Sicht der Rechtspraxis als auch der Wissenschaft: insbesondere die Entwicklung der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Status, Rechtsnatur und Aufgaben des Verfassungsgerichts in den Subjekten der Föderation und in den Ländern sowie Verfassungsgericht und Gesetzgebung. Zudem werden Spezialfragen der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit erörtert, z.B. die Institution des Bevollmächtigten Vertreters des Präsidenten im Verfassungsgericht in Russland, der Eilrechtsschutz durch das BVerfG und der Rechtsschutz bei überlangen Verfahren vor dem BVerfG in Deutschland.
KW  - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit
KW  - Verfassungsgericht
KW  - Status und Aufgaben des Verfassungsgerichts
KW  - verfassungsgerichtliche Kontrolle
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67861
SN  - 978-3-86956-267-4
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - de Vera, Jean-Pierre Paul
A1  - Alawi, Mashal
A1  - Backhaus, Theresa
A1  - Baque, Mickael
A1  - Billi, Daniela
A1  - Boettger, Ute
A1  - Berger, Thomas
A1  - Bohmeier, Maria
A1  - Cockell, Charles
A1  - Demets, Rene
A1  - de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa
A1  - Edwards, Howell
A1  - Elsaesser, Andreas
A1  - Fagliarone, Claudia
A1  - Fiedler, Annelie
A1  - Foing, Bernard
A1  - Foucher, Frederic
A1  - Fritz, Jörg
A1  - Hanke, Franziska
A1  - Herzog, Thomas
A1  - Horneck, Gerda
A1  - Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm
A1  - Huwe, Björn
A1  - Joshi, Jasmin Radha
A1  - Kozyrovska, Natalia
A1  - Kruchten, Martha
A1  - Lasch, Peter
A1  - Lee, Natuschka
A1  - Leuko, Stefan
A1  - Leya, Thomas
A1  - Lorek, Andreas
A1  - Martinez-Frias, Jesus
A1  - Meessen, Joachim
A1  - Moritz, Sophie
A1  - Moeller, Ralf
A1  - Olsson-Francis, Karen
A1  - Onofri, Silvano
A1  - Ott, Sieglinde
A1  - Pacelli, Claudia
A1  - Podolich, Olga
A1  - Rabbow, Elke
A1  - Reitz, Günther
A1  - Rettberg, Petra
A1  - Reva, Oleg
A1  - Rothschild, Lynn
A1  - Garcia Sancho, Leo
A1  - Schulze-Makuch, Dirk
A1  - Selbmann, Laura
A1  - Serrano, Paloma
A1  - Szewzyk, Ulrich
A1  - Verseux, Cyprien
A1  - Wadsworth, Jennifer
A1  - Wagner, Dirk
A1  - Westall, Frances
A1  - Wolter, David
A1  - Zucconi, Laura
T1  - Limits of life and the habitability of Mars
BT  - the ESA space experiment BIOMEX on the ISS
T2  - Astrobiology
N2  - BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports-among others-the BIOMEX investigations into the stability and level of degradation of space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, and cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial and Mars analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis on the viability of the investigated organisms has provided relevant data for evaluation of the habitability of Mars, for the limits of life, and for the likelihood of an interplanetary transfer of life (theory of lithopanspermia). In this project, lichens, archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, snow/permafrost algae, meristematic black fungi, and bryophytes from alpine and polar habitats were embedded, grown, and cultured on a mixture of martian and lunar regolith analogs or other terrestrial minerals. The organisms and regolith analogs and terrestrial mineral mixtures were then exposed to space and to simulated Mars-like conditions by way of the EXPOSE-R2 facility. In this special issue, we present the first set of data obtained in reference to our investigation into the habitability of Mars and limits of life. This project was initiated and implemented by the BIOMEX group, an international and interdisciplinary consortium of 30 institutes in 12 countries on 3 continents. Preflight tests for sample selection, results from ground-based simulation experiments, and the space experiments themselves are presented and include a complete overview of the scientific processes required for this space experiment and postflight analysis. The presented BIOMEX concept could be scaled up to future exposure experiments on the Moon and will serve as a pretest in low Earth orbit.
KW  - EXPOSE-R2
KW  - BIOMEX
KW  - Habitability
KW  - Limits of life
KW  - Extremophiles
KW  - Mars
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897
SN  - 1531-1074
SN  - 1557-8070
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
SP  - 145
EP  - 157
PB  - Liebert
CY  - New Rochelle
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
A1  - Crowe, Francesca L.
A1  - Appleby, Paul N.
A1  - Bradbury, Kathryn E.
A1  - Wood, Angela M.
A1  - Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre
A1  - Johnson, Laura
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Steur, Marinka
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Wurtz, Anne Mette L.
A1  - Kuhn, Tilman
A1  - Katzke, Verena
A1  - Trichopoulou, Antonia
A1  - Karakatsani, Anna
A1  - La Vecchia, Carlo
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Sluijs, Ivonne
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Imaz, Liher
A1  - Petrova, Dafina
A1  - Quiros, J. Ramon
A1  - Yohar, Sandra Milena Colorado
A1  - Jakszyn, Paula
A1  - Melander, Olle
A1  - Sonestedt, Emily
A1  - Andersson, Jonas
A1  - Wennberg, Maria
A1  - Aune, Dagfinn
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - di Angelantonio, Emanuele
A1  - Wareham, Nicholas J.
A1  - Danesh, John
A1  - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1  - Butterworth, Adam S.
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
T1  - Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Background:
Epidemiological evidence indicates that diets rich in plant foods are associated with a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but there is sparse information on fruit and vegetable subtypes and sources of dietary fibre. This study examined the associations of major plant foods, their subtypes and dietary fibre with risk of IHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). 

Methods:
We conducted a prospective analysis of 490 311 men and women without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke at recruitment (12.6 years of follow-up, n cases = 8504), in 10 European countries. Dietary intake was assessed using validated questionnaires, calibrated with 24-h recalls. Multivariable Cox regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of IHD. 

Results: 
There was a lower risk of IHD with a higher intake of fruit and vegetables combined [HR per 200 g/day higher intake 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90-0.99, P-trend = 0.009], and with total fruits (per 100 g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend = 0.021). There was no evidence for a reduced risk for fruit subtypes, except for bananas. Risk was lower with higher intakes of nuts and seeds (per 10 g/day 0.90, 0.82-0.98, Ptrend = 0.020), total fibre (per 10 g/day 0.91, 0.85-0.98, P-trend = 0.015), fruit and vegetable fibre (per 4 g/day 0.95, 0.91-0.99, P-trend = 0.022) and fruit fibre (per 2 g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend = 0.045). No associations were observed between vegetables, vegetables subtypes, legumes, cereals and IHD risk. 

Conclusions:
In this large prospective study, we found some small inverse associations between plant foods and IHD risk, with fruit and vegetables combined being the most strongly inversely associated with risk. Whether these small associations are causal remains unclear.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1367 
KW  - fruit
KW  - vegetables
KW  - legumes
KW  - nuts
KW  - seeds
KW  - coronary heart disease
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-560340
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 1
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weitkunat, Karolin
A1  - Bishop, Christopher Allen
A1  - Wittmüss, Maria
A1  - Machate, Tina
A1  - Schifelbein, Tina
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Klaus, Susanne
T1  - Effect of microbial status on hepatic odd-chain fatty acids is diet-dependent
JF  - Nutrients / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
N2  - Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA) are inversely associated with type-2-diabetes in epidemiological studies. They are considered as a biomarker for dairy intake because fermentation in ruminants yields high amounts of propionate, which is used as the primer for lipogenesis. Recently, we demonstrated endogenous OCFA synthesis from propionate in humans and mice, but how this is affected by microbial colonization is still unexplored. Here, we investigated the effect of increasing microbiota complexity on hepatic lipid metabolism and OCFA levels in different dietary settings. Germ-free (GF), gnotobiotic (SIH, simplified human microbiota) or conventional (CONV) C3H/HeOuJ-mice were fed a CHOW or high-fat diet with inulin (HFI) to induce microbial fermentation. We found that hepatic lipogenesis was increased with increasing microbiota complexity, independently of diet. In contrast, OCFA formation was affected by diet as well as microbiota. On CHOW, hepatic OCFA and intestinal gluconeogenesis decreased with increasing microbiota complexity (GF > SIH > CONV), while cecal propionate showed a negative correlation with hepatic OCFA. On HFI, OCFA levels were highest in SIH and positively correlated with cecal propionate. The propionate content in the CHOW diet was 10 times higher than that of HFI. We conclude that bacterial propionate production affects hepatic OCFA formation, unless this effect is masked by dietary propionate intake.
KW  - pentadecanoic acid (C15:0)
KW  - heptadecanoic acid (C17:0)
KW  - type-2-diabetes
KW  - fatty acid synthesis
KW  - acetate
KW  - propionate
KW  - probiotics
KW  - gut microbiota
KW  - prebiotics
KW  - inulin
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051546
SN  - 2072-6643
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jannasch, Franziska
A1  - Kröger, Janine
A1  - Agnoli, Claudia
A1  - Barricarte, Aurelio
A1  - Boeing, Heiner
A1  - Cayssials, Valérie
A1  - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra
A1  - Dahm, Christina C.
A1  - Dow, Courtney
A1  - Fagherazzi, Guy
A1  - Franks, Paul W.
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Gunter, Marc J.
A1  - Kerrison, Nicola D.
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
A1  - Khaw, Kay-Tee
A1  - Kühn, Tilman
A1  - Kyro, Cecilie
A1  - Mancini, Francesca Romana
A1  - Mokoroa, Olatz
A1  - Nilsson, Peter
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Palli, Domenico
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Quiros Garcia, Jose Ramon
A1  - Rolandsson, Olov
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Sanchez, Maria-Jose
A1  - Sahrai, Mohammad Sediq
A1  - Schübel, Ruth
A1  - Sluijs, Ivonne
A1  - Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Tong, Tammy Y. N.
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Langenberg, Claudia
A1  - Sharp, Stephen J.
A1  - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Wareham, Nicholas J.
T1  - Generalizability of a Diabetes-Associated Country-Specific Exploratory Dietary Pattern Is Feasible Across European Populations
JF  - The Journal of Nutrition
N2  - Background: Population-specificity of exploratory dietary patterns limits their generalizability in investigations with type 2 diabetes incidence. 
Objective: The aim of this study was to derive country-specific exploratory dietary patterns, investigate their association with type 2 diabetes incidence, and replicate diabetes-associated dietary patterns in other countries.
Methods: Dietary intake data were used, assessed by country-specific questionnaires at baseline of 11,183 incident diabetes cases and 14,694 subcohort members (mean age 52.9 y) from 8 countries, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (mean follow-up time 6.9 y). Exploratory dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. HRs for incident type 2 diabetes were calculated by Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models. Diabetes-associated dietary patterns were simplified or replicated to be applicable in other countries. A meta-analysis across all countries evaluated the generalizability of the diabetes-association.
Results: Two dietary patterns per country/UK-center, of which overall 3 dietary patterns were diabetes-associated, were identified. A risk-lowering French dietary pattern was not confirmed across other countries: pooled HRFrance per 1 SD: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.10. Risk-increasing dietary patterns, derived in Spain and UK-Norfolk, were confirmed, but only the latter statistically significantly: HRSpain: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.22 and HRUK-Norfolk: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.20. Respectively, this dietary pattern was characterized by relatively high intakes of potatoes, processed meat, vegetable oils, sugar, cake and cookies, and tea. Conclusions: Only few country/center-specific dietary patterns (3 of 18) were statistically significantly associated with diabetes incidence in this multicountry European study population. One pattern, whose association with diabetes was confirmed across other countries, showed overlaps in the food groups potatoes and processed meat with identified diabetes-associated dietary patterns from other studies. The study demonstrates that replication of associations of exploratory patterns with health outcomes is feasible and a necessary step to overcome population-specificity in associations from such analyses.
KW  - dietary patterns
KW  - principal component analysis
KW  - diet-disease association
KW  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
KW  - replication
KW  - meta-analysis
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz031
SN  - 0022-3166
SN  - 1541-6100
VL  - 149
IS  - 6
SP  - 1047
EP  - 1055
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
A1  - Crowe, Francesca L.
A1  - Appleby, Paul N.
A1  - Bradbury, Kathryn E.
A1  - Wood, Angela M.
A1  - Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre
A1  - Johnson, Laura
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Steur, Marinka
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Wurtz, Anne Mette L.
A1  - Kuhn, Tilman
A1  - Katzke, Verena
A1  - Trichopoulou, Antonia
A1  - Karakatsani, Anna
A1  - La Vecchia, Carlo
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Sluijs, Ivonne
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Imaz, Liher
A1  - Petrova, Dafina
A1  - Quiros, J. Ramon
A1  - Yohar, Sandra Milena Colorado
A1  - Jakszyn, Paula
A1  - Melander, Olle
A1  - Sonestedt, Emily
A1  - Andersson, Jonas
A1  - Wennberg, Maria
A1  - Aune, Dagfinn
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - di Angelantonio, Emanuele
A1  - Wareham, Nicholas J.
A1  - Danesh, John
A1  - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1  - Butterworth, Adam S.
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
T1  - Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
JF  - International journal of epidemiology
N2  - Background:
Epidemiological evidence indicates that diets rich in plant foods are associated with a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but there is sparse information on fruit and vegetable subtypes and sources of dietary fibre. This study examined the associations of major plant foods, their subtypes and dietary fibre with risk of IHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). 

Methods:
We conducted a prospective analysis of 490 311 men and women without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke at recruitment (12.6 years of follow-up, n cases = 8504), in 10 European countries. Dietary intake was assessed using validated questionnaires, calibrated with 24-h recalls. Multivariable Cox regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of IHD. 

Results: 
There was a lower risk of IHD with a higher intake of fruit and vegetables combined [HR per 200 g/day higher intake 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90-0.99, P-trend = 0.009], and with total fruits (per 100 g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend = 0.021). There was no evidence for a reduced risk for fruit subtypes, except for bananas. Risk was lower with higher intakes of nuts and seeds (per 10 g/day 0.90, 0.82-0.98, Ptrend = 0.020), total fibre (per 10 g/day 0.91, 0.85-0.98, P-trend = 0.015), fruit and vegetable fibre (per 4 g/day 0.95, 0.91-0.99, P-trend = 0.022) and fruit fibre (per 2 g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend = 0.045). No associations were observed between vegetables, vegetables subtypes, legumes, cereals and IHD risk. 

Conclusions:
In this large prospective study, we found some small inverse associations between plant foods and IHD risk, with fruit and vegetables combined being the most strongly inversely associated with risk. Whether these small associations are causal remains unclear.
KW  - fruit
KW  - vegetables
KW  - legumes
KW  - nuts
KW  - seeds
KW  - coronary heart disease
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa155
SN  - 0300-5771
SN  - 1464-3685
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
SP  - 212
EP  - 222
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Christakoudi, Sofia
A1  - Pagoni, Panagiota
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Cross, Amanda J.
A1  - Tzoulaki, Ioanna
A1  - Muller, David C.
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Murphy, Neil
A1  - Dossus, Laure
A1  - Turzanski Fortner, Renee
A1  - Agudo, Antonio
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
A1  - Brennan, Paul
A1  - Johansson, Mattias
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Halkjaer, Jytte
A1  - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Artaud, Fanny
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Bergmann, Manuela M.
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Grioni, Sara
A1  - Simeon, Vittorio
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Rylander, Charlotta
A1  - Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen
A1  - Quiros, J. Ramon
A1  - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
A1  - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
A1  - Ardanaz, Eva
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Drake, Isabel
A1  - Stocks, Tanja
A1  - Häggström, Christel
A1  - Harlid, Sophia
A1  - Ellingjord-Dale, Merete
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
T1  - Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
JF  - International journal of cancer
N2  - Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers. Associations of weight change in middle adulthood with cancer risk, however, are less clear. We examined the association of change in weight and body mass index (BMI) category during middle adulthood with 42 cancers, using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Of 241 323 participants (31% men), 20% lost and 32% gained weight (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) during 6.9 years (average). During 8.0 years of follow-up after the second weight assessment, 20 960 incident cancers were ascertained. Independent of baseline BMI, weight gain (per one kg/year increment) was positively associated with cancer of the corpus uteri (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.23). Compared to stable weight (+/- 0.4 kg/year), weight gain (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) was positively associated with cancers of the gallbladder and bile ducts (HR = 1.41; 1.01-1.96), postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.08; 1.00-1.16) and thyroid (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.90). Compared to maintaining normal weight, maintaining overweight or obese BMI (World Health Organisation categories) was positively associated with most obesity-related cancers. Compared to maintaining the baseline BMI category, weight gain to a higher BMI category was positively associated with cancers of the postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.19; 1.06-1.33), ovary (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.91), corpus uteri (HR = 1.42; 1.06-1.91), kidney (HR = 1.80; 1.20-2.68) and pancreas in men (HR = 1.81; 1.11-2.95). Losing weight to a lower BMI category, however, was inversely associated with cancers of the corpus uteri (HR = 0.40; 0.23-0.69) and colon (HR = 0.69; 0.52-0.92). Our findings support avoiding weight gain and encouraging weight loss in middle adulthood.
KW  - BMI change
KW  - cancer
KW  - middle adulthood
KW  - weight gain
KW  - weight loss
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33339
SN  - 0020-7136
SN  - 1097-0215
VL  - 148
IS  - 7
SP  - 1637
EP  - 1651
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Saberi Hosnijeh, Fatemeh
A1  - Casabonne, Delphine
A1  - Nieters, Alexandra
A1  - Solans, Marta
A1  - Naudin, Sabine
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Mckay, James D.
A1  - Benavente, Yolanda
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Boutron Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Besson, Caroline
A1  - Agnoli, Claudia
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Huerta, Jose Maria
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
A1  - Bonet, Catalina
A1  - Barricarte, Aurelio
A1  - Christakoudi, Sofia
A1  - Knuppel, Anika
A1  - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Canzian, Federico
A1  - Spath, Florentin
A1  - Jerkeman, Mats
A1  - Rylander, Charlotta
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Olsen, Anja
A1  - Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen
A1  - Vermeulen, Roel
T1  - Association between anthropometry and lifestyle factors and risk of B-cell lymphoma
BT  - an exposome-wide analysis
JF  - International journal of cancer
N2  - To better understand the role of individual and lifestyle factors in human disease, an exposome-wide association study was performed to investigate within a single-study anthropometry measures and lifestyle factors previously associated with B-cell lymphoma (BCL). Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study, 2402 incident BCL cases were diagnosed from 475 426 participants that were followed-up on average 14 years. Standard and penalized Cox regression models as well as principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate 84 exposures in relation to BCL risk. Standard and penalized Cox regression models showed a positive association between anthropometric measures and BCL and multiple myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm (MM). The penalized Cox models additionally showed the association between several exposures from categories of physical activity, smoking status, medical history, socioeconomic position, diet and BCL and/or the subtypes. PCAs confirmed the individual associations but also showed additional observations. The PC5 including anthropometry, was positively associated with BCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and MM. There was a significant positive association between consumption of sugar and confectionary (PC11) and follicular lymphoma risk, and an inverse association between fish and shellfish and Vitamin D (PC15) and DLBCL risk. The PC1 including features of the Mediterranean diet and diet with lower inflammatory score showed an inverse association with BCL risk, while the PC7, including dairy, was positively associated with BCL and DLBCL risk. Physical activity (PC10) was positively associated with DLBCL risk among women. This study provided informative insights on the etiology of BCL.
KW  - exposome
KW  - exposome‐ wide association study
KW  - lifestyle
KW  - lymphoma
KW  - prospective study
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33369
SN  - 0020-7136
SN  - 1097-0215
VL  - 148
IS  - 9
SP  - 2115
EP  - 2128
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Christakoudi, Sofia
A1  - Pagoni, Panagiota
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Cross, Amanda J.
A1  - Tzoulaki, Ioanna
A1  - Muller, David C.
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Murphy, Neil
A1  - Dossus, Laure
A1  - Turzanski Fortner, Renee
A1  - Agudo, Antonio
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
A1  - Brennan, Paul
A1  - Johansson, Mattias
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Halkjaer, Jytte
A1  - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Artaud, Fanny
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Bergmann, Manuela M.
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Grioni, Sara
A1  - Simeon, Vittorio
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Rylander, Charlotta
A1  - Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen
A1  - Quiros, J. Ramon
A1  - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
A1  - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
A1  - Ardanaz, Eva
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Drake, Isabel
A1  - Stocks, Tanja
A1  - Haggstrom, Christel
A1  - Harlid, Sophia
A1  - Ellingjord-Dale, Merete
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
T1  - Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers. Associations of weight change in middle adulthood with cancer risk, however, are less clear. We examined the association of change in weight and body mass index (BMI) category during middle adulthood with 42 cancers, using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Of 241 323 participants (31% men), 20% lost and 32% gained weight (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) during 6.9 years (average). During 8.0 years of follow-up after the second weight assessment, 20 960 incident cancers were ascertained. Independent of baseline BMI, weight gain (per one kg/year increment) was positively associated with cancer of the corpus uteri (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.23). Compared to stable weight (+/- 0.4 kg/year), weight gain (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) was positively associated with cancers of the gallbladder and bile ducts (HR = 1.41; 1.01-1.96), postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.08; 1.00-1.16) and thyroid (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.90). Compared to maintaining normal weight, maintaining overweight or obese BMI (World Health Organisation categories) was positively associated with most obesity-related cancers. Compared to maintaining the baseline BMI category, weight gain to a higher BMI category was positively associated with cancers of the postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.19; 1.06-1.33), ovary (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.91), corpus uteri (HR = 1.42; 1.06-1.91), kidney (HR = 1.80; 1.20-2.68) and pancreas in men (HR = 1.81; 1.11-2.95). Losing weight to a lower BMI category, however, was inversely associated with cancers of the corpus uteri (HR = 0.40; 0.23-0.69) and colon (HR = 0.69; 0.52-0.92). Our findings support avoiding weight gain and encouraging weight loss in middle adulthood.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1373 
KW  - BMI change
KW  - cancer
KW  - middle adulthood
KW  - weight gain
KW  - weight loss
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-573609
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 7
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Saberi Hosnijeh, Fatemeh
A1  - Casabonne, Delphine
A1  - Nieters, Alexandra
A1  - Solans, Marta
A1  - Naudin, Sabine
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Mckay, James D.
A1  - Benavente, Yolanda
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Boutron Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Besson, Caroline
A1  - Agnoli, Claudia
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Huerta, Jose Maria
A1  - Amiano, Pilar
A1  - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
A1  - Bonet, Catalina
A1  - Barricarte, Aurelio
A1  - Christakoudi, Sofia
A1  - Knuppel, Anika
A1  - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Canzian, Federico
A1  - Spath, Florentin
A1  - Jerkeman, Mats
A1  - Rylander, Charlotta
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Olsen, Anja
A1  - Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen
A1  - Vermeulen, Roel
T1  - Association between anthropometry and lifestyle factors and risk of B-cell lymphoma
BT  - an exposome-wide analysis
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - To better understand the role of individual and lifestyle factors in human disease, an exposome-wide association study was performed to investigate within a single-study anthropometry measures and lifestyle factors previously associated with B-cell lymphoma (BCL). Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study, 2402 incident BCL cases were diagnosed from 475 426 participants that were followed-up on average 14 years. Standard and penalized Cox regression models as well as principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate 84 exposures in relation to BCL risk. Standard and penalized Cox regression models showed a positive association between anthropometric measures and BCL and multiple myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm (MM). The penalized Cox models additionally showed the association between several exposures from categories of physical activity, smoking status, medical history, socioeconomic position, diet and BCL and/or the subtypes. PCAs confirmed the individual associations but also showed additional observations. The PC5 including anthropometry, was positively associated with BCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and MM. There was a significant positive association between consumption of sugar and confectionary (PC11) and follicular lymphoma risk, and an inverse association between fish and shellfish and Vitamin D (PC15) and DLBCL risk. The PC1 including features of the Mediterranean diet and diet with lower inflammatory score showed an inverse association with BCL risk, while the PC7, including dairy, was positively associated with BCL and DLBCL risk. Physical activity (PC10) was positively associated with DLBCL risk among women. This study provided informative insights on the etiology of BCL.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1374 
KW  - exposome
KW  - exposome‐ wide association study
KW  - lifestyle
KW  - lymphoma
KW  - prospective study
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-573562
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kroeger, Janine
A1  - Meidtner, Karina
A1  - Stefan, Norbert
A1  - Guevara, Marcela
A1  - Kerrison, Nicola D.
A1  - Ardanaz, Eva
A1  - Aune, Dagfinn
A1  - Boeing, Heiner
A1  - Dorronsoro, Miren
A1  - Dow, Courtney
A1  - Fagherazzi, Guy
A1  - Franks, Paul W.
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Gunter, Marc J.
A1  - Maria Huerta, Jose
A1  - Kaaks, Rudolf
A1  - Key, Timothy J.
A1  - Khaw, Kay Tee
A1  - Krogh, Vittorio
A1  - Kuehn, Tilman
A1  - Mancini, Francesca Romana
A1  - Mattiello, Amalia
A1  - Nilsson, Peter M.
A1  - Olsen, Anja
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Palli, Domenico
A1  - Ramon Quiros, J.
A1  - Rolandsson, Olov
A1  - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1  - Sala, Nuria
A1  - Salamanca-Fernandez, Elena
A1  - Sluijs, Ivonne
A1  - Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
A1  - Tjonneland, Anne
A1  - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
A1  - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1  - Sharp, Stephen J.
A1  - Langenberg, Claudia
A1  - Riboli, Elio
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Wareham, Nicholas J.
T1  - Circulating Fetuin-A and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
BT  - a mendelian randomization analysis
JF  - Diabetes : a journal of the American Diabetes Association
N2  - Fetuin-A, a hepatic-origin protein, is strongly positively associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in human observational studies, but it is unknown whether this association is causal. Weaimed to study the potential causal relation of circulating fetuin-A to risk of type 2 diabetes in a Mendelian randomization study with single nucleotide polymorphisms located in the fetuin-A-encoding AHSG gene. We used data from eight European countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study including 10,020 incident cases. Plasma fetuin-A concentration was measured in a subset of 965 subcohort participants and 654 case subjects. A genetic score of the AHSG single nucleotide polymorphisms was strongly associated with fetuin-A (28% explained variation). Using the genetic score as instrumental variable of fetuin-A, we observed no significant association of a 50 mu g/mL higher fetuin-A concentration with diabetes risk (hazard ratio 1.02 [95% CI 0.97, 1.07]). Combining our results with those from the DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) consortium (12,171 case subjects) also did not suggest a clear significant relation of fetuin-A with diabetes risk. In conclusion, although there is mechanistic evidence for an effect of fetuin-A on insulin sensitivity and secretion, this study does not support a strong, relevant relationship between circulating fetuin-A and diabetes risk in the general population.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2337/db17-1268
SN  - 0012-1797
SN  - 1939-327X
VL  - 67
IS  - 6
SP  - 1200
EP  - 1205
PB  - American Diabetes Association
CY  - Alexandria
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Baade, Jussi
A1  - Barnard, Romain L.
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fergus, Alexander J. F.
A1  - Gleixner, Gerd
A1  - Gubsch, Marlen
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Kertscher, Ilona
A1  - Kuu, Annely
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Le Roux, Xavier
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian T.
A1  - Migunova, Varvara D.
A1  - Milcu, Alexandru
A1  - Niklaus, Pascal A.
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Petermann, Jana S.
A1  - Poly, Franck
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Sabais, Alexander C. W.
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Steinbeiss, Sibylle
A1  - Schwichtenberg, Guido
A1  - Temperton, Vicky
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Wirth, Christian
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
T1  - A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions
JF  - Oecologia
N2  - In order to predict which ecosystem functions are most at risk from biodiversity loss, meta-analyses have generalised results from biodiversity experiments over different sites and ecosystem types. In contrast, comparing the strength of biodiversity effects across a large number of ecosystem processes measured in a single experiment permits more direct comparisons. Here, we present an analysis of 418 separate measures of 38 ecosystem processes. Overall, 45 % of processes were significantly affected by plant species richness, suggesting that, while diversity affects a large number of processes not all respond to biodiversity. We therefore compared the strength of plant diversity effects between different categories of ecosystem processes, grouping processes according to the year of measurement, their biogeochemical cycle, trophic level and compartment (above- or belowground) and according to whether they were measures of biodiversity or other ecosystem processes, biotic or abiotic and static or dynamic. Overall, and for several individual processes, we found that biodiversity effects became stronger over time. Measures of the carbon cycle were also affected more strongly by plant species richness than were the measures associated with the nitrogen cycle. Further, we found greater plant species richness effects on measures of biodiversity than on other processes. The differential effects of plant diversity on the various types of ecosystem processes indicate that future research and political effort should shift from a general debate about whether biodiversity loss impairs ecosystem functions to focussing on the specific functions of interest and ways to preserve them individually or in combination.
KW  - Bottom-up effects
KW  - Carbon cycling
KW  - Ecological synthesis
KW  - Ecosystem processes
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - Jena experiment
KW  - Nitrogen cycling
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2589-0
SN  - 0029-8549
VL  - 173
IS  - 1
SP  - 223
EP  - 237
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian T.
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Hertzog, Lionel
A1  - Hillebrand, Helmut
A1  - Milcu, Alexandru
A1  - Pompe, Sven
A1  - Abbas, Maike
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - De Luca, Enrica
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Gleixner, Gerd
A1  - Hudewenz, Anika
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - de Kroon, Hans
A1  - Leimer, Sophia
A1  - Loranger, Hannah
A1  - Mommer, Liesje
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Ravenek, Janneke M.
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Staudler, Andrea
A1  - Strecker, Tanja
A1  - Temperton, Vicky
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Vogel, Anja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Effects of biodiversity strengthen over time as ecosystem functioning declines at low and increases at high biodiversity
JF  - Ecosphere : the magazine of the International Ecology University
KW  - biodiversity ecosystem functioning (BEF)
KW  - ecosystem processes
KW  - grassland
KW  - mechanism
KW  - plant productivity
KW  - plant species richness
KW  - temporal effects
KW  - trophic interactions
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1619
SN  - 2150-8925
VL  - 7
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Block, Andrea
A1  - Schulze, Susanne
A1  - Deeken, Friederike
A1  - Häusler, Andreas
A1  - Rezo, Anna
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - Effects of inflammatory markers and biographical stress on treatment response in depression
JF  - Psychoneuroendocrinology : an international journal ; the official journal of the International Society of Psychoneuroendocrinology
N2  - Background
Recent research emphasized the role of inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of depression. Theories hypothesizes that life events (LE) can affect the immune system and trigger depressive symptoms. LE are also considered as one of the best predictors for the onset and course of depressive disorders.

Methods
Observational study across three treatment settings: n=208 depressive patients (75.5%f, M 46.6 y) were examined on depression (BDI-II), life events (ILE) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP, fibrinogen, ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, E-selectin) at baseline (t0), 5-week(t1) and 5-month(t2) follow-up. Effects and interactions were analyzed with regression models.

Results
LE were associated with depressive symptoms at t0 (beta=.209; p=.002) and both follow-ups. Except for CRP, which was linked to depression symptoms at t2 (betai=-.190; p=.032), there were no effects of inflammatory markers on depressive symptoms. At t1, an interaction between CRP and LE in total (beta=-.249; p=.041) was found as well as for LE in the past five years (beta=-.122; p=.027). Similar interactions were found between cumulative LE and ICAM-1 (beta=-.197; p=.003) and IL-6 (beta=-.425; p=.001).

Conclusion
The cumulative burden of LE effects symptoms and treatment outcome in depressive patients. There is some evidence that inflammatory marker may have long-term effects on treatment outcome as they seem to weaken the determining relation between LE and depression.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105535
SN  - 0306-4530
SN  - 1873-3360
VL  - 131
IS  - Supplement
SP  - S24
EP  - S24
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -