TY - JOUR A1 - Codeço, Marta S. A1 - Weis, Philipp A1 - Trumbull, Robert B. A1 - Van Hinsberg, Vincent A1 - Pinto, Filipe A1 - Lecumberri-Sanchez, Pilar A1 - Schleicher, Anja Maria T1 - The imprint of hydrothermal fluids on trace-element contents in white mica and tourmaline from the Panasqueira W–Sn–Cu deposit, Portugal JF - Mineralium Deposita N2 - White mica and tourmaline are the dominant hydrothermal alteration minerals at the world-class Panasqueira W-Sn-Cu deposit in Portugal. Thus, understanding the controls on their chemical composition helps to constrain ore formation processes at this deposit and determine their usefulness as pathfinder minerals for mineralization in general. We combine whole-rock geochemistry of altered and unaltered metasedimentary host rocks with in situ LA-ICP-MS measurements of tourmaline and white mica from the alteration halo. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to better identify geochemical patterns and trends of hydrothermal alteration in the datasets. The hydrothermally altered metasediments are enriched in As, Sn, Cs, Li, W, F, Cu, Rb, Zn, Tl, and Pb relative to unaltered samples. In situ mineral analyses show that most of these elements preferentially partition into white mica over tourmaline (Li, Rb, Cs, Tl, W, and Sn), whereas Zn is enriched in tourmaline. White mica has distinct compositions in different settings within the deposit (greisen, vein selvages, wall rock alteration zone, late fault zone), indicating a compositional evolution with time. In contrast, tourmaline from different settings overlaps in composition, which is ascribed to a stronger dependence on host rock composition and also to the effects of chemical zoning and microinclusions affecting the LA-ICP-MS analyses. Hence, in this deposit, white mica is the better recorder of the fluid composition. The calculated trace-element contents of the Panasqueira mineralizing fluid based on the mica data and estimates of mica-fluid partition coefficients are in good agreement with previous fluid-inclusion analyses. A compilation of mica and tourmaline trace-element compositions from Panasqueira and other W-Sn deposits shows that white mica has good potential as a pathfinder mineral, with characteristically high Li, Cs, Rb, Sn, and W contents. The trace-element contents of hydrothermal tourmaline are more variable. Nevertheless, the compiled data suggest that high Sn and Li contents are distinctive for tourmaline from W-Sn deposits. KW - alteration geochemistry KW - tourmaline KW - white mica KW - Panasqueira KW - Tungsten–tin deposits KW - magmatic-hydrothermal systems KW - trace elements Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-00984-8 SN - 1432-1866 SN - 0026-4598 VL - 56 IS - 3 SP - 481 EP - 508 PB - Springer CY - Berlin; Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Ju-Sheng A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Sofianopoulou, Eleni A1 - Imamura, Fumiaki A1 - Stewart, Isobel D. A1 - Day, Felix R. A1 - Pietzner, Maik A1 - Wheeler, Eleanor A1 - Lotta, Luca A. A1 - Gundersen, Thomas E. A1 - Amiano, Pilar A1 - Ardanaz, Eva A1 - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores A1 - Fagherazzi, Guy A1 - Franks, Paul W. A1 - Kaaks, Rudolf A1 - Laouali, Nasser A1 - Mancini, Francesca Romana A1 - Nilsson, Peter M. A1 - Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte A1 - Olsen, Anja A1 - Overvad, Kim A1 - Panico, Salvatore A1 - Palli, Domenico A1 - Ricceri, Fulvio A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W. A1 - Sanchez, Maria-Jose A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Sala, Nuria A1 - Sieri, Sabina A1 - Tjonneland, Anne A1 - Tumino, Rosario A1 - van der Schouw, Yvonne T. A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Riboli, Elio A1 - Danesh, John A1 - Butterworth, Adam S. A1 - Sharp, Stephen J. A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Forouhi, Nita G. A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J. T1 - Plasma vitamin C and type 2 diabetes BT - genome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization analysis in European populations JF - Diabetes care N2 - OBJECTIVE: Higher plasma vitamin C levels are associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, but whether this association is causal is uncertain. To investigate this, we studied the association of genetically predicted plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted genome-wide association studies of plasma vitamin C among 52,018 individuals of European ancestry to discover novel genetic variants. We performed Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the association of genetically predicted differences in plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes in up to 80,983 case participants and 842,909 noncase participants. We compared this estimate with the observational association between plasma vitamin C and incident type 2 diabetes, including 8,133 case participants and 11,073 noncase participants. RESULTS: We identified 11 genomic regions associated with plasma vitamin C (P < 5 x 10(-8)), with the strongest signal at SLC23A1, and 10 novel genetic loci including SLC23A3, CHPT1, BCAS3, SNRPF, RER1, MAF, GSTA5, RGS14, AKT1, and FADS1. Plasma vitamin C was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio per SD 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94), but there was no association between genetically predicted plasma vitamin C (excluding FADS1 variant due to its apparent pleiotropic effect) and type 2 diabetes (1.03; 95% CI 0.96, 1.10). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate discordance between biochemically measured and genetically predicted plasma vitamin C levels in the association with type 2 diabetes among European populations. The null Mendelian randomization findings provide no strong evidence to suggest the use of vitamin C supplementation for type 2 diabetes prevention. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1328 SN - 0149-5992 SN - 1935-5548 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 98 EP - 106 PB - American Diabetes Association CY - Alexandria ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Vera, Jean-Pierre Paul A1 - Böttger, Ute A1 - de la Torre Nötzel, Rosa A1 - Sanchez, Francisco J. A1 - Grunow, Dana A1 - Schmitz, Nicole A1 - Lange, Caroline A1 - Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm A1 - Billi, Daniela A1 - Baque, Mickael A1 - Rettberg, Petra A1 - Rabbow, Elke A1 - Reitz, Günther A1 - Berger, Thomas A1 - Möller, Ralf A1 - Bohmeier, Maria A1 - Horneck, Gerda A1 - Westall, Frances A1 - Jänchen, Jochen A1 - Fritz, Jörg A1 - Meyer, Cornelia A1 - Onofri, Silvano A1 - Selbmann, Laura A1 - Zucconi, Laura A1 - Kozyrovska, Natalia A1 - Leya, Thomas A1 - Foing, Bernard A1 - Demets, Rene A1 - Cockell, Charles S. A1 - Bryce, Casey A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Serrano, Paloma A1 - Edwards, Howell G. M. A1 - Joshi, Jasmin Radha A1 - Huwe, Björn A1 - Ehrenfreund, Pascale A1 - Elsaesser, Andreas A1 - Ott, Sieglinde A1 - Meessen, Joachim A1 - Feyh, Nina A1 - Szewzyk, Ulrich A1 - Jaumann, Ralf A1 - Spohn, Tilman T1 - Supporting Mars exploration BIOMEX in Low Earth Orbit and further astrobiological studies on the Moon using Raman and PanCam technology JF - Planetary and space science N2 - The Low Earth Orbit (LEO) experiment Biology and Mars Experiment (BIOMEX) is an interdisciplinary and international space research project selected by ESA. The experiment will be accommodated on the space exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 on the International Space Station (ISS) and is foreseen to be launched in 2013. The prime objective of BIOMEX is to measure to what extent biomolecules, such as pigments and cellular components, are resistant to and able to maintain their stability under space and Mars-like conditions. The results of BIOMEX will be relevant for space proven biosignature definition and for building a biosignature data base (e.g. the proposed creation of an international Raman library). The library will be highly relevant for future space missions such as the search for life on Mars. The secondary scientific objective is to analyze to what extent terrestrial extremophiles are able to survive in space and to determine which interactions between biological samples and selected minerals (including terrestrial, Moon- and Mars analogs) can be observed under space and Mars-like conditions. In this context, the Moon will be an additional platform for performing similar experiments with negligible magnetic shielding and higher solar and galactic irradiation compared to LEO. Using the Moon as an additional astrobiological exposure platform to complement ongoing astrobiological LEO investigations could thus enhance the chances of detecting organic traces of life on Mars. We present a lunar lander mission with two related objectives: a lunar lander equipped with Raman and PanCam instruments which can analyze the lunar surface and survey an astrobiological exposure platform. This dual use of testing mission technology together with geo- and astrobiological analyses will significantly increase the science return, and support the human preparation objectives. It will provide knowledge about the Moon's surface itself and, in addition, monitor the stability of life-markers, such as cells, cell components and pigments, in an extraterrestrial environment with much closer radiation properties to the surface of Mars. The combination of a Raman data base of these data together with data from LEO and space simulation experiments, will lead to further progress on the analysis and interpretation of data that we will obtain from future Moon and Mars exploration missions. KW - Moon KW - Mars KW - Low Earth Orbit KW - Astrobiology KW - Instrumentation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Biosignature Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2012.06.010 SN - 0032-0633 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 103 EP - 110 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Botteri, Edoardo A1 - Peveri, Giulia A1 - Berstad, Paula A1 - Bagnardi, Vincenzo A1 - Chen, Sairah L. F. A1 - Sandanger, Torkjel M. A1 - Hoff, Geir A1 - Dahm, Christina C. A1 - Antoniussen, Christian S. A1 - Tjonneland, Anne A1 - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine A1 - Skeie, Guri A1 - Perez-Cornago, Aurora A1 - Huerta, Jose Maria A1 - Jakszyn, Paula A1 - Harlid, Sophia A1 - Sundstroem, Bjoern A1 - Barricarte, Aurelio A1 - Monninkhof, Evelyn M. A1 - Derksen, Jeroen W. G. A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas A1 - Sanchez, Maria-Jose A1 - Cross, Amanda J. A1 - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. A1 - De Magistris, Maria Santucci A1 - Kaaks, Rudolf A1 - Katzke, Verena A1 - Rothwell, Joseph A. A1 - Laouali, Nasser A1 - Severi, Gianluca A1 - Amiano, Pilar A1 - Contiero, Paolo A1 - Sacerdote, Carlotta A1 - Goldberg, Marcel A1 - Touvier, Mathilde A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Viallon, Vivian A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Riboli, Elio A1 - Gunter, Marc J. A1 - Jenab, Mazda A1 - Ferrari, Pietro T1 - Changes in lifestyle and risk of colorectal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition JF - The American journal of gastroenterology : AJG N2 - INTRODUCTION: We investigated the impact of changes in lifestyle habits on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a multicountry European cohort. METHODS: We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort to assess changes in lifestyle habits and their associations with CRC development. We calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical activity collected at the 2 time points. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavorable) to 16 (most favorable). We estimated the association between HLI changes and CRC risk using Cox regression models and reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Among 295,865 participants, 2,799 CRC cases were observed over a median of 7.8 years. The median time between questionnaires was 5.7 years. Each unit increase in HLI from the baseline to the follow-up assessment was associated with a statistically significant 3% lower CRC risk. Among participants in the top tertile at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom tertile at follow-up (HLI <= 9) had a higher CRC risk (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.75) than those remaining in the top tertile. Among individuals in the bottom tertile at baseline, those in the top tertile at follow-up had a lower risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.59-1.00) than those remaining in the bottom tertile. DISCUSSION: Improving adherence to a healthy lifestyle was inversely associated with CRC risk, while worsening adherence was positively associated with CRC risk. These results justify and support recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes and healthy lifestyle maintenance for CRC prevention. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002065 SN - 0002-9270 SN - 1572-0241 VL - 118 IS - 4 SP - 702 EP - 711 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia ER -