TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Ströhl, D.
A1  - Peinze, S.
A1  - Brandt, W.
A1  - Schmidt, R.
A1  - Neubert, K.
T1  - The solution conformation of cyclic ß-casomorphine-5 analogues
Y1  - 1996
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaa, Johannes M.
A1  - Sternemann, Christian
A1  - Appel, Karen
A1  - Cerantola, Valerio
A1  - Preston, Thomas R.
A1  - Albers, Christian
A1  - Elbers, Mirko
A1  - Libon, Lelia
A1  - Makita, Mikako
A1  - Pelka, Alexander
A1  - Petitgirard, Sylvain
A1  - Plückthun, Christian
A1  - Roddatis, Vladimir
A1  - Sahle, Christoph J.
A1  - Spiekermann, Georg
A1  - Schmidt, Christian
A1  - Schreiber, Anja
A1  - Sakrowski, Robin
A1  - Tolan, Metin
A1  - Wilke, Max
A1  - Zastrau, Ulf
A1  - Konopkova, Zuzana
T1  - Structural and electron spin state changes in an x-ray heated iron carbonate system at the Earth's lower mantle pressures
JF  - Physical review research
N2  - The determination of the spin state of iron-bearing compounds at high pressure and temperature is crucial for our understanding of chemical and physical properties of the deep Earth. Studies on the relationship between the coordination of iron and its electronic spin structure in iron-bearing oxides, silicates, carbonates, iron alloys, and other minerals found in the Earth's mantle and core are scarce because of the technical challenges to simultaneously probe the sample at high pressures and temperatures. We used the unique properties of a pulsed and highly brilliant x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beam at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European XFEL to x-ray heat and probe samples contained in a diamond anvil cell. We heated and probed with the same x-ray pulse train and simultaneously measured x-ray emission and x-ray diffraction of an FeCO3 sample at a pressure of 51 GPa with up to melting temperatures. We collected spin state sensitive Fe K beta(1,3) fluorescence spectra and detected the sample's structural changes via diffraction, observing the inverse volume collapse across the spin transition. During x-ray heating, the carbonate transforms into orthorhombic Fe4C3O12 and iron oxides. Incipient melting was also observed. This approach to collect information about the electronic state and structural changes from samples contained in a diamond anvil cell at melting temperatures and above will considerably improve our understanding of the structure and dynamics of planetary and exoplanetary interiors.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.033042
SN  - 2643-1564
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmidt, Romy
A1  - Mieulet, Delphine
A1  - Hubberten, Hans-Michael
A1  - Obata, Toshihiro
A1  - Höfgen, Rainer
A1  - Fernie, Alisdair R.
A1  - Fisahn, Joachim
A1  - Segundo, Blanca San
A1  - Guiderdoni, Emmanuel
A1  - Schippers, Jos H. M.
A1  - Müller-Röber, Bernd
T1  - Salt-responsive ERF1 regulates reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling during the initial response to salt stress in rice
JF  - The plant cell
N2  - Early detection of salt stress is vital for plant survival and growth. Still, the molecular processes controlling early salt stress perception and signaling are not fully understood. Here, we identified SALT-RESPONSIVE ERF1 (SERF1), a rice (Oryza sativa) transcription factor (TF) gene that shows a root-specific induction upon salt and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. Loss of SERF1 impairs the salt-inducible expression of genes encoding members of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade and salt tolerance-mediating TFs. Furthermore, we show that SERF1-dependent genes are H2O2 responsive and demonstrate that SERF1 binds to the promoters of MAPK KINASE KINASE6 (MAP3K6), MAPK5, DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING2A (DREB2A), and ZINC FINGER PROTEIN179 (ZFP179) in vitro and in vivo. SERF1 also directly induces its own gene expression. In addition, SERF1 is a phosphorylation target of MAPK5, resulting in enhanced transcriptional activity of SERF1 toward its direct target genes. In agreement, plants deficient for SERF1 are more sensitive to salt stress compared with the wild type, while constitutive overexpression of SERF1 improves salinity tolerance. We propose that SERF1 amplifies the reactive oxygen species-activated MAPK cascade signal during the initial phase of salt stress and translates the salt-induced signal into an appropriate expressional response resulting in salt tolerance.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.113068
SN  - 1040-4651
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
SP  - 2115
EP  - 2131
PB  - American Society of Plant Physiologists
CY  - Rockville
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmidt, Romy
A1  - Schippers, Jos H. M.
A1  - Mieulet, Delphine
A1  - Obata, Toshihiro
A1  - Fernie, Alisdair R.
A1  - Guiderdoni, Emmanuel
A1  - Müller-Röber, Bernd
T1  - Multipass, a rice R2R3-type MYB transcription factor, regulates adaptive growth by integrating multiple hormonal pathways
JF  - The plant journal
N2  - Growth regulation is an important aspect of plant adaptation during environmental perturbations. Here, the role of MULTIPASS (OsMPS), an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor of rice, was explored. OsMPS is induced by salt stress and expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues. Over-expression of OsMPS reduces growth under non-stress conditions, while knockdown plants display increased biomass. OsMPS expression is induced by abscisic acid and cytokinin, but is repressed by auxin, gibberellin and brassinolide. Growth retardation caused by OsMPS over-expression is partially restored by auxin application. Expression profiling revealed that OsMPS negatively regulates the expression of EXPANSIN (EXP) and cell-wall biosynthesis as well as phytohormone signaling genes. Furthermore, the expression of OsMPS-dependent genes is regulated by auxin, cytokinin and abscisic acid. Moreover, we show that OsMPS is a direct upstream regulator of OsEXPA4, OsEXPA8, OsEXPB2, OsEXPB3, OsEXPB6 and the endoglucanase genes OsGLU5 and OsGLU14. The multiple responses of OsMPS and its target genes to various hormones suggest an integrative function of OsMPS in the cross-talk between phytohormones and the environment to regulate adaptive growth.
KW  - development
KW  - expansin
KW  - transcription
KW  - Oryza sativa
KW  - hormone
KW  - abiotic stress
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12286
SN  - 0960-7412
SN  - 1365-313X
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
SP  - 258
EP  - 273
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Schrön, Martin
A1  - Köhli, Markus
A1  - Scheiffele, Lena
A1  - Iwema, Joost
A1  - Bogena, Heye R.
A1  - Lv, Ling
A1  - Martini, Edoardo
A1  - Baroni, Gabriele
A1  - Rosolem, Rafael
A1  - Weimar, Jannis
A1  - Mai, Juliane
A1  - Cuntz, Matthias
A1  - Rebmann, Corinna
A1  - Oswald, Sascha
A1  - Dietrich, Peter
A1  - Schmidt, Ulrich
A1  - Zacharias, Steffen
T1  - Improving calibration and validation of cosmic-ray neutron sensors in the light of spatial sensitivity
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - In the last few years the method of cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has gained popularity among hydrologists, physicists, and land-surface modelers. The sensor provides continuous soil moisture data, averaged over several hectares and tens of decimeters in depth. However, the signal still may contain unidentified features of hydrological processes, and many calibration datasets are often required in order to find reliable relations between neutron intensity and water dynamics. Recent insights into environmental neutrons accurately described the spatial sensitivity of the sensor and thus allowed one to quantify the contribution of individual sample locations to the CRNS signal. Consequently, data points of calibration and validation datasets are suggested to be averaged using a more physically based weighting approach. In this work, a revised sensitivity function is used to calculate weighted averages of point data. The function is different from the simple exponential convention by the extraordinary sensitivity to the first few meters around the probe, and by dependencies on air pressure, air humidity, soil moisture, and vegetation. The approach is extensively tested at six distinct monitoring sites: two sites with multiple calibration datasets and four sites with continuous time series datasets. In all cases, the revised averaging method improved the performance of the CRNS products. The revised approach further helped to reveal hidden hydrological processes which otherwise remained unexplained in the data or were lost in the process of overcalibration. The presented weighting approach increases the overall accuracy of CRNS products and will have an impact on all their applications in agriculture, hydrology, and modeling.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 636 
KW  - forested headwater catchment
KW  - moisture observing system
KW  - soil-water content
KW  - parameterization methods
KW  - scale
KW  - field
KW  - dynamics
KW  - observatories
KW  - networks
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419134
IS  - 636
SP  - 5009
EP  - 5030
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schrön, Martin
A1  - Köhli, Markus
A1  - Scheiffele, Lena
A1  - Iwema, Joost
A1  - Bogena, Heye R.
A1  - Lv, Ling
A1  - Martini, Edoardo
A1  - Baroni, Gabriele
A1  - Rosolem, Rafael
A1  - Weimar, Jannis
A1  - Mai, Juliane
A1  - Cuntz, Matthias
A1  - Rebmann, Corinna
A1  - Oswald, Sascha
A1  - Dietrich, Peter
A1  - Schmidt, Ulrich
A1  - Zacharias, Steffen
T1  - Improving calibration and validation of cosmic-ray neutron sensors in the light of spatial sensitivity
JF  - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS
N2  - In the last few years the method of cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has gained popularity among hydrologists, physicists, and land-surface modelers. The sensor provides continuous soil moisture data, averaged over several hectares and tens of decimeters in depth. However, the signal still may contain unidentified features of hydrological processes, and many calibration datasets are often required in order to find reliable relations between neutron intensity and water dynamics. Recent insights into environmental neutrons accurately described the spatial sensitivity of the sensor and thus allowed one to quantify the contribution of individual sample locations to the CRNS signal. Consequently, data points of calibration and validation datasets are suggested to be averaged using a more physically based weighting approach. In this work, a revised sensitivity function is used to calculate weighted averages of point data. The function is different from the simple exponential convention by the extraordinary sensitivity to the first few meters around the probe, and by dependencies on air pressure, air humidity, soil moisture, and vegetation. The approach is extensively tested at six distinct monitoring sites: two sites with multiple calibration datasets and four sites with continuous time series datasets. In all cases, the revised averaging method improved the performance of the CRNS products. The revised approach further helped to reveal hidden hydrological processes which otherwise remained unexplained in the data or were lost in the process of overcalibration. The presented weighting approach increases the overall accuracy of CRNS products and will have an impact on all their applications in agriculture, hydrology, and modeling.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5009-2017
SN  - 1027-5606
SN  - 1607-7938
VL  - 21
SP  - 5009
EP  - 5030
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schulte, Luise
A1  - Meucci, Stefano
A1  - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R.
A1  - Heitkam, Tony
A1  - Schmidt, Nicola
A1  - von Hippel, Barbara
A1  - Andreev, Andrei A.
A1  - Diekmann, Bernhard
A1  - Biskaborn, Boris
A1  - Wagner, Bernd
A1  - Melles, Martin
A1  - Pestryakova, Lyudmila A.
A1  - Alsos, Inger G.
A1  - Clarke, Charlotte
A1  - Krutovsky, Konstantin
A1  - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1  - Larix species range dynamics in Siberia since the Last Glacial captured from sedimentary ancient DNA
JF  - Communications biology
N2  - Climate change is expected to cause major shifts in boreal forests which are in vast areas of Siberia dominated by two species of the deciduous needle tree larch (Larix). The species differ markedly in their ecosystem functions, thus shifts in their respective ranges are of global relevance. 
However, drivers of species distribution are not well understood, in part because paleoecological data at species level are lacking. This study tracks Larix species distribution in time and space using target enrichment on sedimentary ancient DNA extracts from eight lakes across Siberia. We discovered that Larix sibirica, presently dominating in western Siberia, likely migrated to its northern distribution area only in the Holocene at around 10,000 years before present (ka BP), and had a much wider eastern distribution around 33 ka BP. Samples dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (around 21 ka BP), consistently show genotypes of L. gmelinii. 
Our results suggest climate as a strong determinant of species distribution in Larix and provide temporal and spatial data for species projection in a changing climate. 
Using ancient sedimentary DNA from up to 50 kya, dramatic distributional shifts are documented in two dominant boreal larch species, likely guided by environmental changes suggesting climate as a strong determinant of species distribution.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03455-0
SN  - 2399-3642
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
A1  - Stöhr, R.-M.
A1  - Weindrich, D.
A1  - Ihle, Wolfgang
A1  - Marcus, A.
T1  - Viereinhalb Jahre danach : Mannheimer Risikokinder im Vorschulalter
Y1  - 1996
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Hoesch, I.
A1  - Gerold, M.
A1  - Hoesch, I.
A1  - Ihle, Wolfgang
A1  - Steigleider, Petra
A1  - Stock, B.
A1  - Stoehr, R.-M.
A1  - Weindrich, D.
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
T1  - Behavioral Sequelae of Perinatal Insults and Early Family Adversity at 8 Years of Age
Y1  - 2000
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stöhr, R.-M.
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
T1  - Die Geburt eines Geschwisters : Chancen und Risiken für das erstgeborene Kind
Y1  - 2000
ER  -