TY - JOUR A1 - Aarts, Alexander A. A1 - Anderson, Joanna E. A1 - Anderson, Christopher J. A1 - Attridge, Peter R. A1 - Attwood, Angela A1 - Axt, Jordan A1 - Babel, Molly A1 - Bahnik, Stepan A1 - Baranski, Erica A1 - Barnett-Cowan, Michael A1 - Bartmess, Elizabeth A1 - Beer, Jennifer A1 - Bell, Raoul A1 - Bentley, Heather A1 - Beyan, Leah A1 - Binion, Grace A1 - Borsboom, Denny A1 - Bosch, Annick A1 - Bosco, Frank A. A1 - Bowman, Sara D. A1 - Brandt, Mark J. A1 - Braswell, Erin A1 - Brohmer, Hilmar A1 - Brown, Benjamin T. A1 - Brown, Kristina A1 - Bruening, Jovita A1 - Calhoun-Sauls, Ann A1 - Callahan, Shannon P. A1 - Chagnon, Elizabeth A1 - Chandler, Jesse A1 - Chartier, Christopher R. A1 - Cheung, Felix A1 - Christopherson, Cody D. A1 - Cillessen, Linda A1 - Clay, Russ A1 - Cleary, Hayley A1 - Cloud, Mark D. A1 - Cohn, Michael A1 - Cohoon, Johanna A1 - Columbus, Simon A1 - Cordes, Andreas A1 - Costantini, Giulio A1 - Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet A1 - Cremata, Ed A1 - Crusius, Jan A1 - DeCoster, Jamie A1 - DeGaetano, Michelle A. A1 - Della Penna, Nicolas A1 - den Bezemer, Bobby A1 - Deserno, Marie K. A1 - Devitt, Olivia A1 - Dewitte, Laura A1 - Dobolyi, David G. A1 - Dodson, Geneva T. A1 - Donnellan, M. Brent A1 - Donohue, Ryan A1 - Dore, Rebecca A. A1 - Dorrough, Angela A1 - Dreber, Anna A1 - Dugas, Michelle A1 - Dunn, Elizabeth W. A1 - Easey, Kayleigh A1 - Eboigbe, Sylvia A1 - Eggleston, Casey A1 - Embley, Jo A1 - Epskamp, Sacha A1 - Errington, Timothy M. A1 - Estel, Vivien A1 - Farach, Frank J. A1 - Feather, Jenelle A1 - Fedor, Anna A1 - Fernandez-Castilla, Belen A1 - Fiedler, Susann A1 - Field, James G. A1 - Fitneva, Stanka A. A1 - Flagan, Taru A1 - Forest, Amanda L. A1 - Forsell, Eskil A1 - Foster, Joshua D. A1 - Frank, Michael C. A1 - Frazier, Rebecca S. A1 - Fuchs, Heather A1 - Gable, Philip A1 - Galak, Jeff A1 - Galliani, Elisa Maria A1 - Gampa, Anup A1 - Garcia, Sara A1 - Gazarian, Douglas A1 - Gilbert, Elizabeth A1 - Giner-Sorolla, Roger A1 - Glöckner, Andreas A1 - Göllner, Lars A1 - Goh, Jin X. A1 - Goldberg, Rebecca A1 - Goodbourn, Patrick T. A1 - Gordon-McKeon, Shauna A1 - Gorges, Bryan A1 - Gorges, Jessie A1 - Goss, Justin A1 - Graham, Jesse A1 - Grange, James A. A1 - Gray, Jeremy A1 - Hartgerink, Chris A1 - Hartshorne, Joshua A1 - Hasselman, Fred A1 - Hayes, Timothy A1 - Heikensten, Emma A1 - Henninger, Felix A1 - Hodsoll, John A1 - Holubar, Taylor A1 - Hoogendoorn, Gea A1 - Humphries, Denise J. A1 - Hung, Cathy O. -Y. A1 - Immelman, Nathali A1 - Irsik, Vanessa C. A1 - Jahn, Georg A1 - Jaekel, Frank A1 - Jekel, Marc A1 - Johannesson, Magnus A1 - Johnson, Larissa G. A1 - Johnson, David J. A1 - Johnson, Kate M. A1 - Johnston, William J. A1 - Jonas, Kai A1 - Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A. A1 - Kappes, Heather Barry A1 - Kelso, Kim A1 - Kidwell, Mallory C. A1 - Kim, Seung Kyung A1 - Kirkhart, Matthew A1 - Kleinberg, Bennett A1 - Knezevic, Goran A1 - Kolorz, Franziska Maria A1 - Kossakowski, Jolanda J. A1 - Krause, Robert Wilhelm A1 - Krijnen, Job A1 - Kuhlmann, Tim A1 - Kunkels, Yoram K. A1 - Kyc, Megan M. A1 - Lai, Calvin K. A1 - Laique, Aamir A1 - Lakens, Daniel A1 - Lane, Kristin A. A1 - Lassetter, Bethany A1 - Lazarevic, Ljiljana B. A1 - LeBel, Etienne P. A1 - Lee, Key Jung A1 - Lee, Minha A1 - Lemm, Kristi A1 - Levitan, Carmel A. A1 - Lewis, Melissa A1 - Lin, Lin A1 - Lin, Stephanie A1 - Lippold, Matthias A1 - Loureiro, Darren A1 - Luteijn, Ilse A1 - Mackinnon, Sean A1 - Mainard, Heather N. A1 - Marigold, Denise C. A1 - Martin, Daniel P. A1 - Martinez, Tylar A1 - Masicampo, E. J. A1 - Matacotta, Josh A1 - Mathur, Maya A1 - May, Michael A1 - Mechin, Nicole A1 - Mehta, Pranjal A1 - Meixner, Johannes A1 - Melinger, Alissa A1 - Miller, Jeremy K. A1 - Miller, Mallorie A1 - Moore, Katherine A1 - Möschl, Marcus A1 - Motyl, Matt A1 - Müller, Stephanie M. A1 - Munafo, Marcus A1 - Neijenhuijs, Koen I. A1 - Nervi, Taylor A1 - Nicolas, Gandalf A1 - Nilsonne, Gustav A1 - Nosek, Brian A. A1 - Nuijten, Michele B. A1 - Olsson, Catherine A1 - Osborne, Colleen A1 - Ostkamp, Lutz A1 - Pavel, Misha A1 - Penton-Voak, Ian S. A1 - Perna, Olivia A1 - Pernet, Cyril A1 - Perugini, Marco A1 - Pipitone, R. Nathan A1 - Pitts, Michael A1 - Plessow, Franziska A1 - Prenoveau, Jason M. A1 - Rahal, Rima-Maria A1 - Ratliff, Kate A. A1 - Reinhard, David A1 - Renkewitz, Frank A1 - Ricker, Ashley A. A1 - Rigney, Anastasia A1 - Rivers, Andrew M. A1 - Roebke, Mark A1 - Rutchick, Abraham M. A1 - Ryan, Robert S. A1 - Sahin, Onur A1 - Saide, Anondah A1 - Sandstrom, Gillian M. A1 - Santos, David A1 - Saxe, Rebecca A1 - Schlegelmilch, Rene A1 - Schmidt, Kathleen A1 - Scholz, Sabine A1 - Seibel, Larissa A1 - Selterman, Dylan Faulkner A1 - Shaki, Samuel A1 - Simpson, William B. A1 - Sinclair, H. Colleen A1 - Skorinko, Jeanine L. M. A1 - Slowik, Agnieszka A1 - Snyder, Joel S. A1 - Soderberg, Courtney A1 - Sonnleitner, Carina A1 - Spencer, Nick A1 - Spies, Jeffrey R. A1 - Steegen, Sara A1 - Stieger, Stefan A1 - Strohminger, Nina A1 - Sullivan, Gavin B. A1 - Talhelm, Thomas A1 - Tapia, Megan A1 - te Dorsthorst, Anniek A1 - Thomae, Manuela A1 - Thomas, Sarah L. A1 - Tio, Pia A1 - Traets, Frits A1 - Tsang, Steve A1 - Tuerlinckx, Francis A1 - Turchan, Paul A1 - Valasek, Milan A1 - Van Aert, Robbie A1 - van Assen, Marcel A1 - van Bork, Riet A1 - van de Ven, Mathijs A1 - van den Bergh, Don A1 - van der Hulst, Marije A1 - van Dooren, Roel A1 - van Doorn, Johnny A1 - van Renswoude, Daan R. A1 - van Rijn, Hedderik A1 - Vanpaemel, Wolf A1 - Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez A1 - Vazquez, Melissa A1 - Velez, Natalia A1 - Vermue, Marieke A1 - Verschoor, Mark A1 - Vianello, Michelangelo A1 - Voracek, Martin A1 - Vuu, Gina A1 - Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan A1 - Weerdmeester, Joanneke A1 - Welsh, Ashlee A1 - Westgate, Erin C. A1 - Wissink, Joeri A1 - Wood, Michael A1 - Woods, Andy A1 - Wright, Emily A1 - Wu, Sining A1 - Zeelenberg, Marcel A1 - Zuni, Kellylynn T1 - Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science JF - Science N2 - Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4716 SN - 1095-9203 SN - 0036-8075 VL - 349 IS - 6251 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arhammar, C. A1 - Pietzsch, Annette A1 - Bock, Nicolas A1 - Holmstroem, Erik A1 - Araujo, C. Moyses A1 - Grasjo, Johan A1 - Zhao, Shuxi A1 - Green, Sara A1 - Peery, T. A1 - Hennies, Franz A1 - Amerioun, Shahrad A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Schlappa, Justine A1 - Schmitt, Thorsten A1 - Strocov, Vladimir N. A1 - Niklasson, Gunnar A. A1 - Wallace, Duane C. A1 - Rubensson, Jan-Erik A1 - Johansson, Borje A1 - Ahuja, Rajeev C. T1 - Unveiling the complex electronic structure of amorphous metal oxides JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - Amorphous materials represent a large and important emerging area of material's science. Amorphous oxides are key technological oxides in applications such as a gate dielectric in Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor devices and in Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon and TANOS (TaN-Al2O3-Si3N4-SiO2-Silicon) flash memories. These technologies are required for the high packing density of today's integrated circuits. Therefore the investigation of defect states in these structures is crucial. In this work we present X-ray synchrotron measurements, with an energy resolution which is about 5-10 times higher than is attainable with standard spectrometers, of amorphous alumina. We demonstrate that our experimental results are in agreement with calculated spectra of amorphous alumina which we have generated by stochastic quenching. This first principles method, which we have recently developed, is found to be superior to molecular dynamics in simulating the rapid gas to solid transition that takes place as this material is deposited for thin film applications. We detect and analyze in detail states in the band gap that originate from oxygen pairs. Similar states were previously found in amorphous alumina by other spectroscopic methods and were assigned to oxygen vacancies claimed to act mutually as electron and hole traps. The oxygen pairs which we probe in this work act as hole traps only and will influence the information retention in electronic devices. In amorphous silica oxygen pairs have already been found, thus they may be a feature which is characteristic also of other amorphous metal oxides. KW - stochastic quench KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - ab initio KW - coating Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019698108 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 108 IS - 16 SP - 6355 EP - 6360 PB - National Acad. of Sciences CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khider, D. A1 - Emile-Geay, J. A1 - McKay, N. P. A1 - Gil, Y. A1 - Garijo, D. A1 - Ratnakar, V A1 - Alonso-Garcia, M. A1 - Bertrand, S. A1 - Bothe, O. A1 - Brewer, P. A1 - Bunn, A. A1 - Chevalier, M. A1 - Comas-Bru, L. A1 - Csank, A. A1 - Dassie, E. A1 - DeLong, K. A1 - Felis, T. A1 - Francus, P. A1 - Frappier, A. A1 - Gray, W. A1 - Goring, S. A1 - Jonkers, L. A1 - Kahle, M. A1 - Kaufman, D. A1 - Kehrwald, N. M. A1 - Martrat, B. A1 - McGregor, H. A1 - Richey, J. A1 - Schmittner, A. A1 - Scroxton, N. A1 - Sutherland, E. A1 - Thirumalai, Kaustubh A1 - Allen, K. A1 - Arnaud, F. A1 - Axford, Y. A1 - Barrows, T. A1 - Bazin, L. A1 - Birch, S. E. Pilaar A1 - Bradley, E. A1 - Bregy, J. A1 - Capron, E. A1 - Cartapanis, O. A1 - Chiang, H-W A1 - Cobb, K. M. A1 - Debret, M. A1 - Dommain, Réne A1 - Du, J. A1 - Dyez, K. A1 - Emerick, S. A1 - Erb, M. P. A1 - Falster, G. A1 - Finsinger, W. A1 - Fortier, D. A1 - Gauthier, Nicolas A1 - George, S. A1 - Grimm, E. A1 - Hertzberg, J. A1 - Hibbert, F. A1 - Hillman, A. A1 - Hobbs, W. A1 - Huber, M. A1 - Hughes, A. L. C. A1 - Jaccard, S. A1 - Ruan, J. A1 - Kienast, M. A1 - Konecky, B. A1 - Le Roux, G. A1 - Lyubchich, V A1 - Novello, V. F. A1 - Olaka, L. A1 - Partin, J. W. A1 - Pearce, C. A1 - Phipps, S. J. A1 - Pignol, C. A1 - Piotrowska, N. A1 - Poli, M-S A1 - Prokopenko, A. A1 - Schwanck, F. A1 - Stepanek, C. A1 - Swann, G. E. A. A1 - Telford, R. A1 - Thomas, E. A1 - Thomas, Z. A1 - Truebe, S. A1 - von Gunten, L. A1 - Waite, A. A1 - Weitzel, N. A1 - Wilhelm, B. A1 - Williams, J. A1 - Winstrup, M. A1 - Zhao, N. A1 - Zhou, Y. T1 - PaCTS 1.0: A Crowdsourced Reporting Standard for Paleoclimate Data JF - Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology N2 - The progress of science is tied to the standardization of measurements, instruments, and data. This is especially true in the Big Data age, where analyzing large data volumes critically hinges on the data being standardized. Accordingly, the lack of community-sanctioned data standards in paleoclimatology has largely precluded the benefits of Big Data advances in the field. Building upon recent efforts to standardize the format and terminology of paleoclimate data, this article describes the Paleoclimate Community reporTing Standard (PaCTS), a crowdsourced reporting standard for such data. PaCTS captures which information should be included when reporting paleoclimate data, with the goal of maximizing the reuse value of paleoclimate data sets, particularly for synthesis work and comparison to climate model simulations. Initiated by the LinkedEarth project, the process to elicit a reporting standard involved an international workshop in 2016, various forms of digital community engagement over the next few years, and grassroots working groups. Participants in this process identified important properties across paleoclimate archives, in addition to the reporting of uncertainties and chronologies; they also identified archive-specific properties and distinguished reporting standards for new versus legacy data sets. This work shows that at least 135 respondents overwhelmingly support a drastic increase in the amount of metadata accompanying paleoclimate data sets. Since such goals are at odds with present practices, we discuss a transparent path toward implementing or revising these recommendations in the near future, using both bottom-up and top-down approaches. KW - standards KW - FAIR KW - paleoclimate KW - paleoceanography KW - data KW - best practices Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003632 SN - 2572-4517 SN - 2572-4525 VL - 34 IS - 10 SP - 1570 EP - 1596 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tucker, Marlee A. A1 - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin A1 - Fagan, William F. A1 - Fryxell, John M. A1 - Van Moorter, Bram A1 - Alberts, Susan C. A1 - Ali, Abdullahi H. A1 - Allen, Andrew M. A1 - Attias, Nina A1 - Avgar, Tal A1 - Bartlam-Brooks, Hattie A1 - Bayarbaatar, Buuveibaatar A1 - Belant, Jerrold L. A1 - Bertassoni, Alessandra A1 - Beyer, Dean A1 - Bidner, Laura A1 - van Beest, Floris M. A1 - Blake, Stephen A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Bracis, Chloe A1 - Brown, Danielle A1 - de Bruyn, P. J. Nico A1 - Cagnacci, Francesca A1 - Calabrese, Justin M. A1 - Camilo-Alves, Constanca A1 - Chamaille-Jammes, Simon A1 - Chiaradia, Andre A1 - Davidson, Sarah C. A1 - Dennis, Todd A1 - DeStefano, Stephen A1 - Diefenbach, Duane A1 - Douglas-Hamilton, Iain A1 - Fennessy, Julian A1 - Fichtel, Claudia A1 - Fiedler, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Fischhoff, Ilya A1 - Fleming, Christen H. A1 - Ford, Adam T. A1 - Fritz, Susanne A. A1 - Gehr, Benedikt A1 - Goheen, Jacob R. A1 - Gurarie, Eliezer A1 - Hebblewhite, Mark A1 - Heurich, Marco A1 - Hewison, A. J. Mark A1 - Hof, Christian A1 - Hurme, Edward A1 - Isbell, Lynne A. A1 - Janssen, Rene A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Kaczensky, Petra A1 - Kane, Adam A1 - Kappeler, Peter M. A1 - Kauffman, Matthew A1 - Kays, Roland A1 - Kimuyu, Duncan A1 - Koch, Flavia A1 - Kranstauber, Bart A1 - LaPoint, Scott A1 - Leimgruber, Peter A1 - Linnell, John D. C. A1 - Lopez-Lopez, Pascual A1 - Markham, A. Catherine A1 - Mattisson, Jenny A1 - Medici, Emilia Patricia A1 - Mellone, Ugo A1 - Merrill, Evelyn A1 - Mourao, Guilherme de Miranda A1 - Morato, Ronaldo G. A1 - Morellet, Nicolas A1 - Morrison, Thomas A. A1 - Diaz-Munoz, Samuel L. A1 - Mysterud, Atle A1 - Nandintsetseg, Dejid A1 - Nathan, Ran A1 - Niamir, Aidin A1 - Odden, John A1 - Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R. A1 - Olson, Kirk A. A1 - Patterson, Bruce D. A1 - de Paula, Rogerio Cunha A1 - Pedrotti, Luca A1 - Reineking, Bjorn A1 - Rimmler, Martin A1 - Rogers, Tracey L. A1 - Rolandsen, Christer Moe A1 - Rosenberry, Christopher S. A1 - Rubenstein, Daniel I. A1 - Safi, Kamran A1 - Said, Sonia A1 - Sapir, Nir A1 - Sawyer, Hall A1 - Schmidt, Niels Martin A1 - Selva, Nuria A1 - Sergiel, Agnieszka A1 - Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin A1 - Silva, Joao Paulo A1 - Singh, Navinder A1 - Solberg, Erling J. A1 - Spiegel, Orr A1 - Strand, Olav A1 - Sundaresan, Siva A1 - Ullmann, Wiebke A1 - Voigt, Ulrich A1 - Wall, Jake A1 - Wattles, David A1 - Wikelski, Martin A1 - Wilmers, Christopher C. A1 - Wilson, John W. A1 - Wittemyer, George A1 - Zieba, Filip A1 - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz A1 - Mueller, Thomas T1 - Moving in the Anthropocene BT - global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements JF - Science N2 - Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam9712 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 359 IS - 6374 SP - 466 EP - 469 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Finley, H. A1 - Schroetter, I. A1 - Murphy, M. T. A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Richard, J. A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Kamann, S. A1 - Epinat, Benoit A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Martin, C. L. A1 - Peroux, C. A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz A1 - Soto, K. A1 - Lilly, S. A1 - Carollo, C. M. A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Kollatschny, W. T1 - POSSIBLE SIGNATURES OF A COLD-FLOW DISK FROM MUSE USING A z similar to 1 GALAXY-QUASAR PAIR TOWARD SDSS J1422-0001 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - We use a background quasar to detect the presence of circumgalactic gas around a z = 0.91 low-mass star-forming galaxy. Data from the new Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope show that the galaxy has a dust-corrected star formation rate (SFR) of 4.7 +/- 2.0. M-circle dot yr(-1), with no companion down to 0.22 M-circle dot yr(-1) (5 sigma) within 240 h(-1) kpc ("30"). Using a high-resolution spectrum of the background quasar, which is fortuitously aligned with the galaxy major axis (with an azimuth angle alpha of only 15 degrees), we find, in the gas kinematics traced by low-ionization lines, distinct signatures consistent with those expected for a "cold-flow disk" extending at least 12 kpc (3 x R-1/2). We estimate the mass accretion rate M-in to be at least two to three times larger than the SFR, using the geometric constraints from the IFU data and the H (I) column density of log N-H (I)/cm(-2) similar or equal to 20.4 obtained from a Hubble Space Telescope/COS near-UV spectrum. From a detailed analysis of the low-ionization lines (e.g., Zn II, Cr II, Ti II, MnII, Si II), the accreting material appears to be enriched to about 0.4 Z(circle dot) (albeit with large uncertainties: log Z/Z(circle dot) = -0.4 +/- 0.4), which is comparable to the galaxy metallicity (12 + log O/H = 8.7 +/- 0.2), implying a large recycling fraction from past outflows. Blueshifted Mg II and Fe II absorptions in the galaxy spectrum from the MUSE data reveal the presence of an outflow. The Mg II and Fe II absorption line ratios indicate emission infilling due to scattering processes, but the MUSE data do not show any signs of fluorescent Fe II* emission. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: individual (SDSS J142253.31-000149) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/121 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 820 SP - 1872 EP - 1882 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - GEN A1 - Anderson, Christopher J. A1 - Bahnik, Stepan A1 - Barnett-Cowan, Michael A1 - Bosco, Frank A. A1 - Chandler, Jesse A1 - Chartier, Christopher R. A1 - Cheung, Felix A1 - Christopherson, Cody D. A1 - Cordes, Andreas A1 - Cremata, Edward J. A1 - Della Penna, Nicolas A1 - Estel, Vivien A1 - Fedor, Anna A1 - Fitneva, Stanka A. A1 - Frank, Michael C. A1 - Grange, James A. A1 - Hartshorne, Joshua K. A1 - Hasselman, Fred A1 - Henninger, Felix A1 - van der Hulst, Marije A1 - Jonas, Kai J. A1 - Lai, Calvin K. A1 - Levitan, Carmel A. A1 - Miller, Jeremy K. A1 - Moore, Katherine S. A1 - Meixner, Johannes M. A1 - Munafo, Marcus R. A1 - Neijenhuijs, Koen I. A1 - Nilsonne, Gustav A1 - Nosek, Brian A. A1 - Plessow, Franziska A1 - Prenoveau, Jason M. A1 - Ricker, Ashley A. A1 - Schmidt, Kathleen A1 - Spies, Jeffrey R. A1 - Stieger, Stefan A1 - Strohminger, Nina A1 - Sullivan, Gavin B. A1 - van Aert, Robbie C. M. A1 - van Assen, Marcel A. L. M. A1 - Vanpaemel, Wolf A1 - Vianello, Michelangelo A1 - Voracek, Martin A1 - Zuni, Kellylynn T1 - Response to Comment on "Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science" T2 - Science N2 - Gilbert et al. conclude that evidence from the Open Science Collaboration’s Reproducibility Project: Psychology indicates high reproducibility, given the study methodology. Their very optimistic assessment is limited by statistical misconceptions and by causal inferences from selectively interpreted, correlational data. Using the Reproducibility Project: Psychology data, both optimistic and pessimistic conclusions about reproducibility are possible, and neither are yet warranted. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad9163 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 351 SP - 1162 EP - 1165 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoessel, Daniel A1 - Stellmann, Jan-Patrick A1 - Willing, Anne A1 - Behrens, Birte A1 - Rosenkranz, Sina C. A1 - Hodecker, Sibylle C. A1 - Stuerner, Klarissa H. A1 - Reinhardt, Stefanie A1 - Fleischer, Sabine A1 - Deuschle, Christian A1 - Maetzler, Walter A1 - Berg, Daniela A1 - Heesen, Christoph A1 - Walther, Dirk A1 - Schauer, Nicolas A1 - Friese, Manuel A. A1 - Pless, Ole T1 - Metabolomic Profiles for Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Stratification and Disease Course Monitoring JF - Frontiers in human neuroscienc N2 - Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) shows a highly variable disease progression with poor prognosis and a characteristic accumulation of disabilities in patients. These hallmarks of PPMS make it difficult to diagnose and currently impossible to efficiently treat. This study aimed to identify plasma metabolite profiles that allow diagnosis of PPMS and its differentiation from the relapsing remitting subtype (RRMS), primary neurodegenerative disease (Parkinson’s disease, PD), and healthy controls (HCs) and that significantly change during the disease course and could serve as surrogate markers of multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated neurodegeneration over time. We applied untargeted high-resolution metabolomics to plasma samples to identify PPMS-specific signatures, validated our findings in independent sex- and age-matched PPMS and HC cohorts and built discriminatory models by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). This signature was compared to sex- and age-matched RRMS patients, to patients with PD and HC. Finally, we investigated these metabolites in a longitudinal cohort of PPMS patients over a 24-month period. PLS-DA yielded predictive models for classification along with a set of 20 PPMS-specific informative metabolite markers. These metabolites suggest disease-specific alterations in glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid pathways. Notably, the glycerophospholipid LysoPC(20:0) significantly decreased during the observation period. These findings show potential for diagnosis and disease course monitoring, and might serve as biomarkers to assess treatment efficacy in future clinical trials for neuroprotective MS therapies. KW - untargeted metabolomics KW - biomarker KW - PPMS KW - MS neurodegeneration KW - LysoPC(20:0) Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00226 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Blaizot, J. A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Herenz, Edmund Christian A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Carollo, C. M. A1 - Caruana, Joseph A1 - Courbot, J. -B. A1 - Emsellem, E. A1 - Kamann, S. A1 - Kerutt, Josephine Victoria A1 - Leclercq, F. A1 - Lilly, S. J. A1 - Patricio, V. A1 - Sandin, C. A1 - Steinmetz, Matthias A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Urrutia, Tanya A1 - Verhamme, A. A1 - Weilbacher, Peter Michael A1 - Wendt, Martin T1 - Extended Lyman alpha haloes around individual high-redshift galaxies revealed by MUSE JF - Science N2 - We report the detection of extended Ly alpha emission around individual star-forming galaxies at redshifts z = 3-6 in an ultradeep exposure of the Hubble Deep Field South obtained with MUSE on the ESO-VLT. The data reach a limiting surface brightness (1 sigma) of similar to 1 x 10(-19) erg s(-1) cm(-2) arcsec(-2) in azimuthally averaged radial profiles, an order of magnitude improvement over previous narrowband imaging. Our sample consists of 26 spectroscopically confirmed Ly alpha-emitting, but mostly continuum-faint (m(AB) greater than or similar to 27) galaxies. In most objects the Ly alpha emission is considerably more extended than the UV continuum light. While five of the faintest galaxies in the sample show no significantly detected Ly alpha haloes, the derived upper limits suggest that this is due to insufficient S/N. Ly alpha haloes therefore appear to be ubiquitous even for low-mass (similar to 10(8)-10(9) M-circle dot) star-forming galaxies at z > 3. We decompose the Ly alpha emission of each object into a compact component tracing the UV continuum and an extended halo component, and infer sizes and luminosities of the haloes. The extended Ly alpha emission approximately follows an exponential surface brightness distribution with a scale length of a few kpc. While these haloes are thus quite modest in terms of their absolute sizes, they are larger by a factor of 5-15 than the corresponding rest-frame UV continuum sources as seen by HST. They are also much more extended, by a factor similar to 5, than Ly alpha haloes around low-redshift star-forming galaxies. Between similar to 40% and greater than or similar to 90% of the observed Ly alpha flux comes from the extended halo component, with no obvious correlation of this fraction with either the absolute or the relative size of the Ly alpha halo. Our observations provide direct insights into the spatial distribution of at least partly neutral gas residing in the circumgalactic medium of low to intermediate mass galaxies at z > 3. KW - galaxies: high-redshift KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - cosmology: observations KW - intergalactic medium Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527384 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 587 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Srama, Ralf A1 - Krueger, H. A1 - Yamaguchi, T. A1 - Stephan, T. A1 - Burchell, M. A1 - Kearsley, A. T. A1 - Sterken, V. A1 - Postberg, F. A1 - Kempf, S. A1 - Grün, Eberhard A1 - Altobelli, Nicolas A1 - Ehrenfreund, P. A1 - Dikarev, V. A1 - Horanyi, M. A1 - Sternovsky, Zoltan A1 - Carpenter, J. D. A1 - Westphal, A. A1 - Gainsforth, Z. A1 - Krabbe, A. A1 - Agarwal, Jessica A1 - Yano, H. A1 - Blum, J. A1 - Henkel, H. A1 - Hillier, J. A1 - Hoppe, P. A1 - Trieloff, M. A1 - Hsu, S. A1 - Mocker, A. A1 - Fiege, K. A1 - Green, S. F. A1 - Bischoff, A. A1 - Esposito, F. A1 - Laufer, R. A1 - Hyde, T. W. A1 - Herdrich, G. A1 - Fasoulas, S. A1 - Jaeckel, A. A1 - Jones, G. A1 - Jenniskens, P. A1 - Khalisi, E. A1 - Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg A1 - Spahn, Frank A1 - Keller, H. U. A1 - Frisch, P. A1 - Levasseur-Regourd, A. C. A1 - Pailer, N. A1 - Altwegg, K. A1 - Engrand, C. A1 - Auer, S. A1 - Silen, J. A1 - Sasaki, S. A1 - Kobayashi, M. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Kissel, J. A1 - Marty, B. A1 - Michel, P. A1 - Palumbo, P. A1 - Vaisberg, O. A1 - Baggaley, J. A1 - Rotundi, A. A1 - Roeser, H. P. T1 - SARIM PLUS-sample return of comet 67P/CG and of interstellar matter JF - EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY N2 - The Stardust mission returned cometary, interplanetary and (probably) interstellar dust in 2006 to Earth that have been analysed in Earth laboratories worldwide. Results of this mission have changed our view and knowledge on the early solar nebula. The Rosetta mission is on its way to land on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and will investigate for the first time in great detail the comet nucleus and its environment starting in 2014. Additional astronomy and planetary space missions will further contribute to our understanding of dust generation, evolution and destruction in interstellar and interplanetary space and provide constraints on solar system formation and processes that led to the origin of life on Earth. One of these missions, SARIM-PLUS, will provide a unique perspective by measuring interplanetary and interstellar dust with high accuracy and sensitivity in our inner solar system between 1 and 2 AU. SARIM-PLUS employs latest in-situ techniques for a full characterisation of individual micrometeoroids (flux, mass, charge, trajectory, composition()) and collects and returns these samples to Earth for a detailed analysis. The opportunity to visit again the target comet of the Rosetta mission 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimeenternko, and to investigate its dusty environment six years after Rosetta with complementary methods is unique and strongly enhances and supports the scientific exploration of this target and the entire Rosetta mission. Launch opportunities are in 2020 with a backup window starting early 2026. The comet encounter occurs in September 2021 and the reentry takes place in early 2024. An encounter speed of 6 km/s ensures comparable results to the Stardust mission. KW - Interstellar dust KW - Cometary dust KW - Churyumov Gerasimenko KW - Interplanetary dust KW - IMF KW - Cosmic vision KW - Sample return KW - Dust collector KW - Mass spectrometry Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-011-9285-7 SN - 0922-6435 SN - 1572-9508 VL - 33 IS - 2-3 SP - 723 EP - 751 PB - SPRINGER CY - DORDRECHT ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stoessel, Daniel A1 - Stellmann, Jan-Patrick A1 - Willing, Anne A1 - Behrens, Birte A1 - Rosenkranz, Sina C. A1 - Hodecker, Sibylle C. A1 - Stürner, Klarissa H. A1 - Reinhardt, Stefanie A1 - Fleischer, Sabine A1 - Deuschle, Christian A1 - Maetzler, Walter A1 - Berg, Daniela A1 - Heesen, Christoph A1 - Walther, Dirk A1 - Schauer, Nicolas A1 - Friese, Manuel A. A1 - Pless, Ole T1 - Metabolomic profiles for primary progressive multiple sclerosis stratification and disease course monitoring T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) shows a highly variable disease progression with poor prognosis and a characteristic accumulation of disabilities in patients. These hallmarks of PPMS make it difficult to diagnose and currently impossible to efficiently treat. This study aimed to identify plasma metabolite profiles that allow diagnosis of PPMS and its differentiation from the relapsing remitting subtype (RRMS), primary neurodegenerative disease (Parkinson’s disease, PD), and healthy controls (HCs) and that significantly change during the disease course and could serve as surrogate markers of multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated neurodegeneration over time. We applied untargeted high-resolution metabolomics to plasma samples to identify PPMS-specific signatures, validated our findings in independent sex- and age-matched PPMS and HC cohorts and built discriminatory models by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). This signature was compared to sex- and age-matched RRMS patients, to patients with PD and HC. Finally, we investigated these metabolites in a longitudinal cohort of PPMS patients over a 24-month period. PLS-DA yielded predictive models for classification along with a set of 20 PPMS-specific informative metabolite markers. These metabolites suggest disease-specific alterations in glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid pathways. Notably, the glycerophospholipid LysoPC(20:0) significantly decreased during the observation period. These findings show potential for diagnosis and disease course monitoring, and might serve as biomarkers to assess treatment efficacy in future clinical trials for neuroprotective MS therapies. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 694 KW - untargeted metabolomics KW - biomarker KW - PPMS KW - MS neurodegeneration KW - LysoPC(20:0) Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426307 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 694 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Toy, Virginia Gail A1 - Sutherland, Rupert A1 - Townend, John A1 - Allen, Michael J. A1 - Becroft, Leeza A1 - Boles, Austin A1 - Boulton, Carolyn A1 - Carpenter, Brett A1 - Cooper, Alan A1 - Cox, Simon C. A1 - Daube, Christopher A1 - Faulkner, D. R. A1 - Halfpenny, Angela A1 - Kato, Naoki A1 - Keys, Stephen A1 - Kirilova, Martina A1 - Kometani, Yusuke A1 - Little, Timothy A1 - Mariani, Elisabetta A1 - Melosh, Benjamin A1 - Menzies, Catriona D. A1 - Morales, Luiz A1 - Morgan, Chance A1 - Mori, Hiroshi A1 - Niemeijer, Andre A1 - Norris, Richard A1 - Prior, David A1 - Sauer, Katrina A1 - Schleicher, Anja Maria A1 - Shigematsu, Norio A1 - Teagle, Damon A. H. A1 - Tobin, Harold A1 - Valdez, Robert A1 - Williams, Jack A1 - Yeo, Samantha A1 - Baratin, Laura-May A1 - Barth, Nicolas A1 - Benson, Adrian A1 - Boese, Carolin A1 - Célérier, Bernard A1 - Chamberlain, Calum J. A1 - Conze, Ronald A1 - Coussens, Jamie A1 - Craw, Lisa A1 - Doan, Mai-Linh A1 - Eccles, Jennifer A1 - Grieve, Jason A1 - Grochowski, Julia A1 - Gulley, Anton A1 - Howarth, Jamie A1 - Jacobs, Katrina A1 - Janku-Capova, Lucie A1 - Jeppson, Tamara A1 - Langridge, Robert A1 - Mallyon, Deirdre A1 - Marx, Ray A1 - Massiot, Cécile A1 - Mathewson, Loren A1 - Moore, Josephine A1 - Nishikawa, Osamu A1 - Pooley, Brent A1 - Pyne, Alex A1 - Savage, Martha K. A1 - Schmitt, Doug A1 - Taylor-Offord, Sam A1 - Upton, Phaedra A1 - Weaver, Konrad C. A1 - Wiersberg, Thomas A1 - Zimmer, Martin T1 - Bedrock geology of DFDP-2B, central Alpine Fault, New Zealand JF - New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics : an international journal of the geoscience of New Zealand, the Pacific Rim, and Antarctica ; NZJG N2 - During the second phase of the Alpine Fault, Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP) in the Whataroa River, South Westland, New Zealand, bedrock was encountered in the DFDP-2B borehole from 238.5–893.2 m Measured Depth (MD). Continuous sampling and meso- to microscale characterisation of whole rock cuttings established that, in sequence, the borehole sampled amphibolite facies, Torlesse Composite Terrane-derived schists, protomylonites and mylonites, terminating 200–400 m above an Alpine Fault Principal Slip Zone (PSZ) with a maximum dip of 62°. The most diagnostic structural features of increasing PSZ proximity were the occurrence of shear bands and reduction in mean quartz grain sizes. A change in composition to greater mica:quartz + feldspar, most markedly below c. 700 m MD, is inferred to result from either heterogeneous sampling or a change in lithology related to alteration. Major oxide variations suggest the fault-proximal Alpine Fault alteration zone, as previously defined in DFDP-1 core, was not sampled. KW - Alpine Fault KW - New Zealand KW - scientific drilling KW - mylonite KW - cataclasite Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2017.1375533 SN - 0028-8306 SN - 1175-8791 VL - 60 IS - 4 SP - 497 EP - 518 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin, Nicolas F. A1 - Nidever, David L. A1 - Besla, Gurtina A1 - Olsen, Knut A1 - Walker, Alistair R. A1 - Vivas, A. Katherina A1 - Gruendl, Robert A. A1 - Kaleida, Catherine C. A1 - Munoz, Ricardo R. A1 - Blum, Robert D. A1 - Saha, Abhijit A1 - Conn, Blair C. A1 - Bell, Eric F. A1 - Chu, You-Hua A1 - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. A1 - de Boer, Thomas J. L. A1 - Gallart, Carme A1 - Jin, Shoko A1 - Kunder, Andrea A1 - Majewski, Steven R. A1 - Martinez-Delgado, David A1 - Monachesi, Antonela A1 - Monelli, Matteo A1 - Monteagudo, Lara A1 - Noel, Noelia E. D. A1 - Olszewski, Edward W. A1 - Stringfellow, Guy S. A1 - van der Marel, Roeland P. A1 - Zaritsky, Dennis T1 - Hydra II: A faint and compact milky way dwarf galaxy found in the survey of the magellanic stellar history JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters N2 - We present the discovery of a new dwarf galaxy, Hydra II, found serendipitously within the data from the ongoing Survey of the Magellanic Stellar History conducted with the Dark Energy Camera on the Blanco 4 m Telescope. The new satellite is compact (r(h) = 68 +/- 11 pc) and faint (MV = -4.8 +/- 0.3), but well within the realm of dwarf galaxies. The stellar distribution of Hydra II in the color-magnitude diagram is well-described by a metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -2.2) and old (13 Gyr) isochrone and shows a distinct blue horizontal branch, some possible red clump stars, and faint stars that are suggestive of blue stragglers. At a heliocentric distance of 134 +/- 10 kpc, Hydra II is located in a region of the Galactic halo that models have suggested may host material from the leading arm of the Magellanic Stream. A comparison with N-body simulations hints that the new dwarf galaxy could be or could have been a satellite of the Magellanic Clouds. KW - galaxies: individual (Hydra II) KW - Local Group KW - Magellanic Clouds Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L5 SN - 2041-8205 SN - 2041-8213 VL - 804 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin, Nicolas F. A1 - Jungbluth, Valentin A1 - Nidever, David L. A1 - Bell, Eric F. A1 - Besla, Gurtina A1 - Blum, Robert D. A1 - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. A1 - Conn, Blair C. A1 - Kaleida, Catherine C. A1 - Gallart, Carme A1 - Jin, Shoko A1 - Majewski, Steven R. A1 - Martinez-Delgado, David A1 - Monachesi, Antonela A1 - Munoz, Ricardo R. A1 - Noel, Noelia E. D. A1 - Olsen, Knut A1 - Stringfellow, Guy S. A1 - van der Marel, Roeland P. A1 - Vivas, A. Katherina A1 - Walker, Alistair R. A1 - Zaritsky, Dennis T1 - SMASH 1: A VERY FAINT GLOBULAR CLUSTER DISRUPTING IN THE OUTER REACHES OF THE LMC? JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters KW - globular clusters: individual: (SMASH 1) KW - Local Group KW - Magellanic Clouds Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/830/1/L10 SN - 2041-8205 SN - 2041-8213 VL - 830 SP - 92 EP - 98 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nidever, David L. A1 - Olsen, Knut A1 - Walker, Alistair R. A1 - Katherina Vivas, A. A1 - Blum, Robert D. A1 - Kaleida, Catherine A1 - Choi, Yumi A1 - Conn, Blair C. A1 - Gruendl, Robert A. A1 - Bell, Eric F. A1 - Besla, Gurtina A1 - Munoz, Ricardo R. A1 - Gallart, Carme A1 - Martin, Nicolas F. A1 - Olszewski, Edward W. A1 - Saha, Abhijit A1 - Monachesi, Antonela A1 - Monelli, Matteo A1 - de Boer, Thomas J. L. A1 - Johnson, L. Clifton A1 - Zaritsky, Dennis A1 - Stringfellow, Guy S. A1 - van der Marel, Roeland P. A1 - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. A1 - Jin, Shoko A1 - Majewski, Steven R. A1 - Martinez-Delgado, David A1 - Monteagudo, Lara A1 - Noel, Noelia E. D. A1 - Bernard, Edouard J. A1 - Kunder, Andrea A1 - Chu, You-Hua A1 - Bell, Cameron P. M. A1 - Santana, Felipe A1 - Frechem, Joshua A1 - Medina, Gustavo E. A1 - Parkash, Vaishali A1 - Seron Navarrete, J. C. A1 - Hayes, Christian T1 - SMASH: Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History JF - The astronomical journal N2 - The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are unique local laboratories for studying the formation and evolution of small galaxies in exquisite detail. The Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) is an NOAO community Dark Energy Camera (DECam) survey of the Clouds mapping 480 deg2 (distributed over similar to 2400 square degrees at similar to 20% filling factor) to similar to 24th. mag in ugriz. The primary goals of SMASH are to identify low surface brightness stellar populations associated with the stellar halos and tidal debris of the Clouds, and to derive spatially resolved star formation histories. Here, we present a summary of the survey, its data reduction, and a description of the first public Data Release (DR1). The SMASH DECam data have been reduced with a combination of the NOAO Community Pipeline, the PHOTRED automated point-spread-function photometry pipeline, and custom calibration software. The astrometric precision is similar to 15 mas and the accuracy is similar to 2 mas with respect to the Gaia reference frame. The photometric precision is similar to 0.5%-0.7% in griz and similar to 1% in u with a calibration accuracy of similar to 1.3% in all bands. The median 5s point source depths in ugriz are 23.9, 24.8, 24.5, 24.2, and 23.5 mag. The SMASH data have already been used to discover the Hydra II Milky Way satellite, the SMASH 1 old globular cluster likely associated with the LMC, and extended stellar populations around the LMC out to R. similar to. 18.4 kpc. SMASH DR1 contains measurements of similar to 100 million objects distributed in 61 fields. A prototype version of the NOAO Data Lab provides data access and exploration tools. KW - galaxies: dwarf KW - galaxies: individual (Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud) KW - Local Group KW - Magellanic Clouds KW - surveys Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa8d1c SN - 0004-6256 SN - 1538-3881 VL - 154 SP - 310 EP - 326 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoessel, Daniel A1 - Schulte, Claudia A1 - dos Santos, Marcia C. Teixeira A1 - Scheller, Dieter A1 - Rebollo-Mesa, Irene A1 - Deuschle, Christian A1 - Walther, Dirk A1 - Schauer, Nicolas A1 - Berg, Daniela A1 - da Costa, Andre Nogueira A1 - Maetzler, Walter T1 - Promising Metabolite Profiles in the Plasma and CSF of Early Clinical JF - Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience N2 - Parkinson's disease (PD) shows high heterogeneity with regard to the underlying molecular pathogenesis involving multiple pathways and mechanisms. Diagnosis is still challenging and rests entirely on clinical features. Thus, there is an urgent need for robust diagnostic biofluid markers. Untargeted metabolomics allows establishing low-molecular compound biomarkers in a wide range of complex diseases by the measurement of various molecular classes in biofluids such as blood plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Here, we applied untargeted high-resolution mass spectrometry to determine plasma and CSF metabolite profiles. We semiquantitatively determined small-molecule levels (<= 1.5 kDa) in the plasma and CSF from early PD patients (disease duration 0-4 years; n = 80 and 40, respectively), and sex-and age-matched controls (n = 76 and 38, respectively). We performed statistical analyses utilizing partial least square and random forest analysis with a 70/30 training and testing split approach, leading to the identification of 20 promising plasma and 14 CSF metabolites. The semetabolites differentiated the test set with an AUC of 0.8 (plasma) and 0.9 (CSF). Characteristics of the metabolites indicate perturbations in the glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and amino acid metabolism in PD, which underscores the high power of metabolomic approaches. Further studies will enable to develop a potential metabolite-based biomarker panel specific for PD KW - biomarker KW - untargeted metabolomics KW - neurodegeneration KW - plasma KW - CSF KW - machinelearning Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00051 SN - 1663-4365 VL - 10 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dosche, Carsten A1 - Mickler, Wulfhard A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd A1 - Agenet, Nicolas A1 - Vollhardt, K. Peter C. T1 - Photoinduced electron transfer in [N]phenylenes N2 - First studies of electron transfer in [N]phenylenes were performed in bimolecular quenching reactions of angular [3]- and triangular [4]phenylene with various electron acceptors. The relation between the quenching rate constants kq and the free energy change of the electron transfer (ΔG0CS ) could be described by the Rehm-Weller equation. From the experimental results, a reorganization energy λ of 0.7 eV was derived. Intramolecular electron transfer reactions were studied in an [N]phenylene bichomophore and a corresponding reference compound. Fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield of the bichromophor display a characteristic dependence on the solvent polarity, whereas the corresponding values of the reference compound remain constant. From the results, a nearly isoenergonic ΔG0CS can be determined. As the triplet quantum yield is nearly independent of the polarity, charge recombination leads to the population of the triplet state. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 23 KW - [N]phenylenes KW - photoinduced electron transfer KW - [N]phenylene dyads Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12463 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holzmeier, Fabian A1 - Wolf, Thomas J. A. A1 - Gienger, Christian A1 - Wagner, Isabella A1 - Bozek, J. A1 - Nandi, S. A1 - Nicolas, C. A1 - Fischer, Ingo A1 - Gühr, Markus A1 - Fink, Reinhold F. T1 - Normal and resonant Auger spectroscopy of isocyanic acid, HNCO JF - The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr N2 - In this paper, we investigate HNCO by resonant and nonresonant Auger electron spectroscopy at the K-edges of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, employing soft X-ray synchrotron radiation. In comparison with the isosteric but linear CO2 molecule, spectra of the bent HNCO molecule are similar but more complex due to its reduced symmetry, wherein the degeneracy of the π-orbitals is lifted. Resonant Auger electron spectra are presented at different photon energies over the first core-excited 1s → 10a′ resonance. All Auger electron spectra are assigned based on ab initio configuration interaction computations combined with the one-center approximation for Auger intensities and moment theory to consider vibrational motion. The calculated spectra were scaled by a newly introduced energy scaling factor, and generally, good agreement is found between experiment and theory for normal as well as resonant Auger electron spectra. A comparison of resonant Auger spectra with nonresonant Auger structures shows a slight broadening as well as a shift of the former spectra between −8 and −9 eV due to the spectating electron. Since HNCO is a small molecule and contains the four most abundant atoms of organic molecules, the reported Auger electron decay spectra will provide a benchmark for further theoretical approaches in the computation of core electron spectra. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5030621 SN - 0021-9606 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 149 IS - 3 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dennis, Alice B. A1 - Ballesteros, Gabriel I. A1 - Robin, Stéphanie A1 - Schrader, Lukas A1 - Bast, Jens A1 - Berghöfer, Jan A1 - Beukeboom, Leo W. A1 - Belghazi, Maya A1 - Bretaudeau, Anthony A1 - Buellesbach, Jan A1 - Cash, Elizabeth A1 - Colinet, Dominique A1 - Dumas, Zoé A1 - Errbii, Mohammed A1 - Falabella, Patrizia A1 - Gatti, Jean-Luc A1 - Geuverink, Elzemiek A1 - Gibson, Joshua D. A1 - Hertaeg, Corinne A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie A1 - Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle A1 - Lammers, Mark A1 - Lavandero, Blas I. A1 - Lindenbaum, Ina A1 - Massardier-Galata, Lauriane A1 - Meslin, Camille A1 - Montagné, Nicolas A1 - Pak, Nina A1 - Poirié, Marylène A1 - Salvia, Rosanna A1 - Smith, Chris R. A1 - Tagu, Denis A1 - Tares, Sophie A1 - Vogel, Heiko A1 - Schwander, Tanja A1 - Simon, Jean-Christophe A1 - Figueroa, Christian C. A1 - Vorburger, Christoph A1 - Legeai, Fabrice A1 - Gadau, Jürgen T1 - Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum JF - BMC Genomics N2 - Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts. Results We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org. KW - Parasitoid wasp KW - Aphid host KW - Aphidius ervi KW - Lysiphlebus fabarum KW - de novo genome assembly KW - DNA methylation loss KW - Chemosensory genes KW - Venom proteins KW - GC content KW - Toll and Imd pathways Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6764-0 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 21 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dennis, Alice B. A1 - Ballesteros, Gabriel I. A1 - Robin, Stéphanie A1 - Schrader, Lukas A1 - Bast, Jens A1 - Berghöfer, Jan A1 - Beukeboom, Leo W. A1 - Belghazi, Maya A1 - Bretaudeau, Anthony A1 - Buellesbach, Jan A1 - Cash, Elizabeth A1 - Colinet, Dominique A1 - Dumas, Zoé A1 - Errbii, Mohammed A1 - Falabella, Patrizia A1 - Gatti, Jean-Luc A1 - Geuverink, Elzemiek A1 - Gibson, Joshua D. A1 - Hertaeg, Corinne A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie A1 - Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle A1 - Lammers, Mark A1 - Lavandero, Blas I. A1 - Lindenbaum, Ina A1 - Massardier-Galata, Lauriane A1 - Meslin, Camille A1 - Montagné, Nicolas A1 - Pak, Nina A1 - Poirié, Marylène A1 - Salvia, Rosanna A1 - Smith, Chris R. A1 - Tagu, Denis A1 - Tares, Sophie A1 - Vogel, Heiko A1 - Schwander, Tanja A1 - Simon, Jean-Christophe A1 - Figueroa, Christian C. A1 - Vorburger, Christoph A1 - Legeai, Fabrice A1 - Gadau, Jürgen T1 - Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts. Results We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 989 KW - Parasitoid wasp KW - Aphid host KW - Aphidius ervi KW - GC content KW - de novo genome assembly KW - DNA methylation loss KW - Chemosensory genes KW - Toll and Imd pathways KW - Venom proteins KW - Lysiphlebus fabarum Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476129 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 989 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dosche, Carsten A1 - Mickler, Wulfhard A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd A1 - Agenet, Nicolas A1 - Vollhardt, K. Peter C. T1 - Photoinduced electron transfer in [N]phenylenes N2 - First studies of electron transfer in [N]phenylenes were performed in bimolecular quenching reactions of angular [3]- and triangular [4]phenylene with various electron acceptors. The relation between the quenching rate constants k(q) and the free energy change of the electron transfer (Delta G(CS)(0)) could be described by the Rehm- Weller equation. From the experimental results, a reorganization energy lambda of 0.7 eV was derived. Intramolecular electron transfer reactions were studied in an [N]phenylene bichomophore and a corresponding reference compound. Fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield of the bichromophor display a characteristic dependence on the solvent polarity, whereas the corresponding values of the reference compound remain constant. From the results, a nearly isoenergonic charge separation process can be determined. As the triplet quantum yield is nearly independent of the polarity, charge recombination leads to the population of the triplet state. Y1 - 2007 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10106030 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.12.038 SN - 1010-6030 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Warren, Ben H. A1 - Simberloff, Daniel A1 - Ricklefs, Robert E. A1 - Aguilee, Robin A1 - Condamine, Fabien L. A1 - Gravel, Dominique A1 - Morlon, Helene A1 - Mouquet, Nicolas A1 - Rosindell, James A1 - Casquet, Juliane A1 - Conti, Elena A1 - Cornuault, Josselin A1 - Maria Fernandez-Palacios, Jose A1 - Hengl, Tomislav A1 - Norder, Sietze J. A1 - Rijsdijk, Kenneth F. A1 - Sanmartin, Isabel A1 - Strasberg, Dominique A1 - Triantis, Kostas A. A1 - Valente, Luis M. A1 - Whittaker, Robert J. A1 - Gillespie, Rosemary G. A1 - Emerson, Brent C. A1 - Thebaud, Christophe T1 - Islands as model systems in ecology and evolution: prospects fifty years after MacArthur-Wilson JF - Ecology letters N2 - The study of islands as model systems has played an important role in the development of evolutionary and ecological theory. The 50th anniversary of MacArthur and Wilson's (December 1963) article, An equilibrium theory of insular zoogeography', was a recent milestone for this theme. Since 1963, island systems have provided new insights into the formation of ecological communities. Here, building on such developments, we highlight prospects for research on islands to improve our understanding of the ecology and evolution of communities in general. Throughout, we emphasise how attributes of islands combine to provide unusual research opportunities, the implications of which stretch far beyond islands. Molecular tools and increasing data acquisition now permit re-assessment of some fundamental issues that interested MacArthur and Wilson. These include the formation of ecological networks, species abundance distributions, and the contribution of evolution to community assembly. We also extend our prospects to other fields of ecology and evolution - understanding ecosystem functioning, speciation and diversification - frequently employing assets of oceanic islands in inferring the geographic area within which evolution has occurred, and potential barriers to gene flow. Although island-based theory is continually being enriched, incorporating non-equilibrium dynamics is identified as a major challenge for the future. KW - Community assembly KW - diversification KW - ecosystem functioning KW - genomics KW - island biogeography KW - islands as model systems KW - speciation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12398 SN - 1461-023X SN - 1461-0248 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 200 EP - 217 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fox, Andrew J. A1 - Wakker, Bart P. A1 - Barger, Kathleen A. A1 - Hernandez, Audra K. A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Lehner, Nicolas A1 - Bland-Hawthorn, Joss A1 - Charlton, Jane C. A1 - Westmeier, Tobias A1 - Thom, Christopher A1 - Tumlinson, Jason A1 - Misawa, Toru A1 - Howk, J. Christopher A1 - Haffner, L. Matthew A1 - Ely, Justin A1 - Rodriguez-Hidalgo, Paola A1 - Kumari, Nimisha T1 - The COS/UVES absorption survey of the magellanic stream. III. Ionization, total mass, and inflow rate onto the milky way JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - Dynamic interactions between the two Magellanic Clouds have flung large quantities of gas into the halo of the Milky Way. The result is a spectacular arrangement of gaseous structures, including the Magellanic Stream, the Magellanic Bridge, and the Leading Arm (collectively referred to as the Magellanic System). In this third paper of a series studying the Magellanic gas in absorption, we analyze the gas ionization level using a sample of 69 Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph sightlines that pass through or within 30 degrees of the 21 cm emitting regions. We find that 81% (56/69) of the sightlines show UV absorption at Magellanic velocities, indicating that the total cross-section of the Magellanic System is approximate to 11,000 deg(2), or around one-quarter of the entire sky. Using observations of the Si III/Si II ratio together with Cloudy photoionization modeling, we calculate the total gas mass (atomic plus ionized) of the Magellanic System to be approximate to 2.0 x 10(9) M-circle dot (d/55 kpc)(2), with the ionized gas contributing around three times as much mass as the atomic gas. This is larger than the current-day interstellar H I mass of both Magellanic Clouds combined, indicating that they have lost most of their initial gas mass. If the gas in the Magellanic System survives to reach the Galactic disk over its inflow time of similar to 0.5-1.0 Gyr, it will represent an average inflow rate of similar to 3.7-6.7 M-circle dot yr(-1), potentially raising the Galactic star formation rate. However, multiple signs of an evaporative interaction with the hot Galactic corona indicate that the Magellanic gas may not survive its journey to the disk fully intact and will instead add material to (and cool) the corona. KW - Galaxy: evolution KW - Galaxy: halo KW - ISM: abundances KW - Magellanic Clouds KW - quasars: absorption lines Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/787/2/147 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 787 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagoort, Iris A1 - Vuillerme, Nicolas A1 - Hortobágyi, Tibor A1 - Lamoth, Claudine J. C. T1 - Outcome-dependent effects of walking speed and age on quantitative and qualitative gait measures JF - Gait & posture N2 - Background: Walking speed predicts many clinical outcomes in old age. However, a comprehensive assessment of how walking speed affects accelerometer based quantitative and qualitative gait measures in younger and older adults is lacking. Research question: What is the relationship between walking speed and quantitative and qualitative gait outcomes in younger and older adults? Methods: Younger (n = 27, age: 21.6) and older participants (n = 27, age: 69.5) completed 340 steps on a treadmill at speeds of 0.70 to a maximum of 1.75 m.s(-1). We used generalized additive mixed models to determine the relationship between walking speed and quantitative (stride length, stride time, stride frequency and their variability) and qualitative (stride regularity, stability, smoothness, symmetry, synchronization, predictability) gait measures extracted from trunk accelerations. Results: The type of relationship between walking speed and the majority of gait measures (quantitative and qualitative) was characterized as logarithmic, with more prominent speed-effects at speeds below 1.20 m.s(-1). Changes in quantitative measures included shorter strides, longer stride times, and a lower stride frequency, with more variability at lower speeds independent of age. For qualitative measures, we found a decrease in gait symmetry, stability and regularity in all directions with decreasing speeds, a decrease in gait predictability (Vertical, V, anterior-posterior, AP) and stronger gait synchronization (AP-mediolateral, ML, AP-V), and direction dependent effects of gait smoothness, which decreased in V direction, but increased in AP and ML directions with decreasing speeds. We found outcome-dependent effects of age on the quantitative and qualitative gait measures, with either no differences between age-groups, age-related differences that existed regardless of speed, and age-related differences in the type of relationship with walking speed. Significance: The relationship between walking speed and quantitative and qualitative gait measures, and the effects of age on this relationship, depends on the type of gait measure studied. KW - Gait quality and quantity KW - Aging KW - Walking speed KW - Treadmill KW - Generalized KW - additive mixed models Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.01.001 SN - 0966-6362 SN - 1879-2219 VL - 93 SP - 39 EP - 46 PB - Elsevier CY - Clare ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Döbbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas A1 - Miersch, Klaas A1 - Khanna, Tarun M. A1 - Bachelet, Marion A1 - Bruns, Stephan B. A1 - Callaghan, Max A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Forster, Piers M. A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias A1 - Koch, Nicolas A1 - Lamb, William F. A1 - Ohlendorf, Nils A1 - Steckel, Jan Christoph A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing JF - Nature communications N2 - Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between –5% to –21% across the schemes (–4% to –15% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of “what works” and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy. KW - carbon and energy KW - climate-change mitigation KW - climate-change policy KW - economics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w SN - 2041-1723 VL - 15 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seroussi, Helene A1 - Nowicki, Sophie A1 - Payne, Antony J. A1 - Goelzer, Heiko A1 - Lipscomb, William H. A1 - Abe-Ouchi, Ayako A1 - Agosta, Cecile A1 - Albrecht, Torsten A1 - Asay-Davis, Xylar A1 - Barthel, Alice A1 - Calov, Reinhard A1 - Cullather, Richard A1 - Dumas, Christophe A1 - Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K. A1 - Gladstone, Rupert A1 - Golledge, Nicholas R. A1 - Gregory, Jonathan M. A1 - Greve, Ralf A1 - Hattermann, Tore A1 - Hoffman, Matthew J. A1 - Humbert, Angelika A1 - Huybrechts, Philippe A1 - Jourdain, Nicolas C. A1 - Kleiner, Thomas A1 - Larour, Eric A1 - Leguy, Gunter R. A1 - Lowry, Daniel P. A1 - Little, Chistopher M. A1 - Morlighem, Mathieu A1 - Pattyn, Frank A1 - Pelle, Tyler A1 - Price, Stephen F. A1 - Quiquet, Aurelien A1 - Reese, Ronja A1 - Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne A1 - Shepherd, Andrew A1 - Simon, Erika A1 - Smith, Robin S. A1 - Straneo, Fiammetta A1 - Sun, Sainan A1 - Trusel, Luke D. A1 - Van Breedam, Jonas A1 - van de Wal, Roderik S. W. A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda A1 - Zhao, Chen A1 - Zhang, Tong A1 - Zwinger, Thomas T1 - ISMIP6 Antarctica BT - a multi-model ensemble of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution over the 21st century JF - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union N2 - Ice flow models of the Antarctic ice sheet are commonly used to simulate its future evolution in response to different climate scenarios and assess the mass loss that would contribute to future sea level rise. However, there is currently no consensus on estimates of the future mass balance of the ice sheet, primarily because of differences in the representation of physical processes, forcings employed and initial states of ice sheet models. This study presents results from ice flow model simulations from 13 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015-2100 as part of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). They are forced with outputs from a subset of models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), representative of the spread in climate model results. Simulations of the Antarctic ice sheet contribution to sea level rise in response to increased warming during this period varies between 7:8 and 30.0 cm of sea level equivalent (SLE) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario forcing. These numbers are relative to a control experiment with constant climate conditions and should therefore be added to the mass loss contribution under climate conditions similar to present-day conditions over the same period. The simulated evolution of the West Antarctic ice sheet varies widely among models, with an overall mass loss, up to 18.0 cm SLE, in response to changes in oceanic conditions. East Antarctica mass change varies between 6 :1 and 8.3 cm SLE in the simulations, with a significant increase in surface mass balance outweighing the increased ice discharge under most RCP 8.5 scenario forcings. The inclusion of ice shelf collapse, here assumed to be caused by large amounts of liquid water ponding at the surface of ice shelves, yields an additional simulated mass loss of 28mm compared to simulations without ice shelf collapse. The largest sources of uncertainty come from the climate forcing, the ocean-induced melt rates, the calibration of these melt rates based on oceanic conditions taken outside of ice shelf cavities and the ice sheet dynamic response to these oceanic changes. Results under RCP 2.6 scenario based on two CMIP5 climate models show an additional mass loss of 0 and 3 cm of SLE on average compared to simulations done under present-day conditions for the two CMIP5 forcings used and display limited mass gain in East Antarctica. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3033-2020 SN - 1994-0416 SN - 1994-0424 VL - 14 IS - 9 SP - 3033 EP - 3070 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Durand, Gael A1 - van den Broeke, Michiel R. A1 - Le Cozannet, Goneri A1 - Edwards, Tamsin L. A1 - Holland, Paul R. A1 - Jourdain, Nicolas C. A1 - Marzeion, Ben A1 - Mottram, Ruth A1 - Nicholls, Robert J. A1 - Pattyn, Frank A1 - Paul, Frank A1 - Slangen, Aimee B. A. A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda A1 - Burgard, Clara A1 - van Calcar, Caroline J. A1 - Barre, Jean-Baptiste A1 - Bataille, Amelie A1 - Chapuis, Anne T1 - Sea-Level rise: from global perspectives to local services JF - Frontiers in Marine Science N2 - Coastal areas are highly diverse, ecologically rich, regions of key socio-economic activity, and are particularly sensitive to sea-level change. Over most of the 20th century, global mean sea level has risen mainly due to warming and subsequent expansion of the upper ocean layers as well as the melting of glaciers and ice caps. Over the last three decades, increased mass loss of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets has also started to contribute significantly to contemporary sea-level rise. The future mass loss of the two ice sheets, which combined represent a sea-level rise potential of similar to 65 m, constitutes the main source of uncertainty in long-term (centennial to millennial) sea-level rise projections. Improved knowledge of the magnitude and rate of future sea-level change is therefore of utmost importance. Moreover, sea level does not change uniformly across the globe and can differ greatly at both regional and local scales. The most appropriate and feasible sea level mitigation and adaptation measures in coastal regions strongly depend on local land use and associated risk aversion. Here, we advocate that addressing the problem of future sea-level rise and its impacts requires (i) bringing together a transdisciplinary scientific community, from climate and cryospheric scientists to coastal impact specialists, and (ii) interacting closely and iteratively with users and local stakeholders to co-design and co-build coastal climate services, including addressing the high-end risks. KW - sea-level rise KW - Antarctic KW - Greenland KW - glaciers KW - local impact Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.709595 SN - 2296-7745 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER -