TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moeller, Ingrid
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
A1  - Busching, Robert
A1  - Krause, Christina
T1  - Efficacy of an intervention to reduce the use of media violence and aggression an experimental evaluation with adolescents in Germany
JF  - Journal of youth and adolescence : a multidisciplinary research publication
N2  - Several longitudinal studies and meta-analytic reviews have demonstrated that exposure to violent media is linked to aggression over time. However, evidence on effective interventions to reduce the use of violent media and promote critical viewing skills is limited. The current study examined the efficacy of an intervention designed to reduce the use of media violence and aggression in adolescence, covering a total period of about 12 months. A sample of 683 7th and 8th graders in Germany (50.1% girls) were assigned to two conditions: a 5-week intervention and a no-intervention control group. Measures of exposure to media violence and aggressive behavior were obtained about 3 months prior to the intervention (T1) and about 7 months post-intervention (T2). The intervention group showed a significantly larger decrease in the use of violent media from T1 to T2 than the control group. Participants in the intervention group also scored significantly lower on self-reported aggressive behavior (physical aggression and relational aggression) at T2 than those in the control group, but the effect was limited to those with high levels of initial aggression. This effect was mediated by an intervention-induced decrease in the normative acceptance of aggression. No gender differences in program efficacy were found. The results show that a 5-week school-based intervention can produce changes in the use of media violence, aggressive norms, and behaviors sustained over several months.
KW  - Media violence
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Experimental evaluation
KW  - Longitudinal study
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9654-6
SN  - 0047-2891
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
SP  - 105
EP  - 120
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
A1  - Moeller, Ingrid
A1  - Kirwil, Lucyna
A1  - Huesmann, L. Rowell
A1  - Felber, Juliane
A1  - Berger, Anja
T1  - Desensitization to media violence links with habitual media violence exposure, aggressive cognitions, and aggressive behavior
JF  - Journal of personality and social psychology
N2  - This study examined the links between desensitization to violent media stimuli and habitual media violence exposure as a predictor and aggressive cognitions and behavior as outcome variables. Two weeks after completing measures of habitual media violence exposure, trait aggression, trait arousability, and normative beliefs about aggression, undergraduates (N = 303) saw a violent film clip and a sad or a funny comparison clip. Skin conductance level (SCL) was measured continuously, and ratings of anxious and pleasant arousal were obtained after each clip. Following the clips, participants completed a lexical decision task to measure accessibility of aggressive cognitions and a competitive reaction time task to measure aggressive behavior. Habitual media violence exposure correlated negatively with SCL during violent clips and positively with pleasant arousal, response times for aggressive words, and trait aggression, but it was unrelated to anxious arousal and aggressive responding during the reaction time task. In path analyses controlling for trait aggression, normative beliefs, and trait arousability, habitual media violence exposure predicted faster accessibility of aggressive cognitions, partly mediated by higher pleasant arousal. Unprovoked aggression during the reaction time task was predicted by lower anxious arousal. Neither habitual media violence usage nor anxious or pleasant arousal predicted provoked aggression during the laboratory task, and SCL was unrelated to aggressive cognitions and behavior. No relations were found between habitual media violence viewing and arousal in response to the sad and funny film clips, and arousal in response to the sad and funny clips did not predict aggressive cognitions or aggressive behavior on the laboratory task. This suggests that the observed desensitization effects are specific to violent content.
KW  - media violence
KW  - desensitization
KW  - physiological arousal
KW  - aggressive cognitions
KW  - aggressive behavior
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021711
SN  - 0022-3514
VL  - 100
IS  - 4
SP  - 630
EP  - 646
PB  - American Psychological Association
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
A1  - Berger, Anja
A1  - Moeller, Ingrid
T1  - Entwicklung und Validierung eines Inventars zur Erfassung des Geschlechtsrollenselbstkonzepts im Jugendalter
Y1  - 2007
ER  -