TY - JOUR A1 - Huschbeck, Alina A1 - Knoop, Michael A1 - Gahleitner, Adrian A1 - Koch, Stefan A1 - Schrom, Thomas A1 - Stoffel, Michael A1 - Alfieri, Alex A1 - Dengler, Julius T1 - Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion BT - prevalence and risk factors JF - Journal of neurological surgery. Part A, Central European neurosurgery N2 - Background and Study Aims Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) is a potential complication of anterior discectomy and fusion (ACDF). There still is substantial disagreement on the actual prevalence of RLNP after ACDF as well as on risk factors for postoperative RLNP. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of postoperative RLNP in a cohort of consecutive cases of ACDF and to examine potential risk factors. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent ACDF between 2005 and 2019 at a single neurosurgical center. As part of clinical routine, RLNP was examined prior to and after surgery by independent otorhinolaryngologists using endoscopic laryngoscopy. As potential risk factors for postoperative RLNP, we examined patient's age, sex, body mass index, multilevel surgery, and the duration of surgery. Results 214 consecutive cases were included. The prevalence of preoperative RLNP was 1.4% (3/214) and the prevalence of postoperative RLNP was 9% (19/211). The number of operated levels was 1 in 73.5% (155/211), 2 in 24.2% (51/211), and 3 or more in 2.4% (5/211) of cases. Of all cases, 4.7% (10/211) were repeat surgeries. There was no difference in the prevalence of RLNP between the primary surgery group (9.0%, 18/183) versus the repeat surgery group (10.0%, 1/10;p = 0.91). Also, there was no difference in any characteristics between subjects with postoperative RLNP compared with those without postoperative RLNP. We found no association between postoperative RLNP and patient's age, sex, body mass index, duration of surgery, or number of levels (odds ratios between 0.24 and 1.05; p values between 0.20 and 0.97). Conclusions In our cohort, the prevalence of postoperative RLNP after ACDF was 9.0%. The fact that none of the examined variables was associated with the occurrence of RLNP supports the view that postoperative RLNP may depend more on direct mechanical manipulation during surgery than on specific patient or surgical characteristics. KW - anterior discectomy and fusion KW - cervical spine surgery KW - recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy KW - vocal cord palsy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710351 SN - 2193-6315 SN - 2193-6323 VL - 81 IS - 06 SP - 508 EP - 512 PB - Thieme CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Michael H. A1 - Abu-Ayyash, Khalil A1 - Abueladas, Abdel-Rahman A1 - Agnon, Amotz A1 - Alasonati-Tašárová, Zuzana A1 - Al-Zubi, Hashim A1 - Babeyko, Andrey A1 - Bartov, Yuval A1 - Bauer, Klaus A1 - Becken, Michael A1 - Bedrosian, Paul A. A1 - Ben-Avraham, Zvi A1 - Bock, Günter A1 - Bohnhoff, Marco A1 - Bribach, Jens A1 - Dulski, Peter A1 - Ebbing, Joerg A1 - El-Kelani, Radwan J. A1 - Foerster, Andrea A1 - Förster, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Frieslander, Uri A1 - Garfunkel, Zvi A1 - Götze, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Haak, Volker A1 - Haberland, Christian A1 - Hassouneh, Mohammed A1 - Helwig, Stefan L. A1 - Hofstetter, Alfons A1 - Hoffmann-Rothe, Arne A1 - Jaeckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Janssen, Christoph A1 - Jaser, Darweesh A1 - Kesten, Dagmar A1 - Khatib, Mohammed Ghiath A1 - Kind, Rainer A1 - Koch, Olaf A1 - Koulakov, Ivan A1 - Laske, Maria Gabi A1 - Maercklin, Nils T1 - Anatomy of the Dead Sea transform from lithospheric to microscopic scale N2 - Fault zones are the locations where motion of tectonic plates, often associated with earthquakes, is accommodated. Despite a rapid increase in the understanding of faults in the last decades, our knowledge of their geometry, petrophysical properties, and controlling processes remains incomplete. The central questions addressed here in our study of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) in the Middle East are as follows: (1) What are the structure and kinematics of a large fault zone? (2) What controls its structure and kinematics? (3) How does the DST compare to other plate boundary fault zones? The DST has accommodated a total of 105 km of left-lateral transform motion between the African and Arabian plates since early Miocene (similar to 20 Ma). The DST segment between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea, called the Arava/Araba Fault (AF), is studied here using a multidisciplinary and multiscale approach from the mu m to the plate tectonic scale. We observe that under the DST a narrow, subvertical zone cuts through crust and lithosphere. First, from west to east the crustal thickness increases smoothly from 26 to 39 km, and a subhorizontal lower crustal reflector is detected east of the AF. Second, several faults exist in the upper crust in a 40 km wide zone centered on the AF, but none have kilometer-size zones of decreased seismic velocities or zones of high electrical conductivities in the upper crust expected for large damage zones. Third, the AF is the main branch of the DST system, even though it has accommodated only a part (up to 60 km) of the overall 105 km of sinistral plate motion. Fourth, the AF acts as a barrier to fluids to a depth of 4 km, and the lithology changes abruptly across it. Fifth, in the top few hundred meters of the AF a locally transpressional regime is observed in a 100-300 m wide zone of deformed and displaced material, bordered by subparallel faults forming a positive flower structure. Other segments of the AF have a transtensional character with small pull-aparts along them. The damage zones of the individual faults are only 5-20 m wide at this depth range. Sixth, two areas on the AF show mesoscale to microscale faulting and veining in limestone sequences with faulting depths between 2 and 5 km. Seventh, fluids in the AF are carried downward into the fault zone. Only a minor fraction of fluids is derived from ascending hydrothermal fluids. However, we found that on the kilometer scale the AF does not act as an important fluid conduit. Most of these findings are corroborated using thermomechanical modeling where shear deformation in the upper crust is localized in one or two major faults; at larger depth, shear deformation occurs in a 20-40 km wide zone with a mechanically weak decoupling zone extending subvertically through the entire lithosphere. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.agu.org/journals/rg/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2008rg000264 SN - 8755-1209 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Schad, Daniel A1 - Sebold, Miriam Hannah A1 - Friedel, Eva A1 - Bernhardt, Nadine A1 - Koch, Stefan P. A1 - Steinacher, Bruno A1 - Kathmann, Norbert A1 - Geurts, Dirk E. M. A1 - Sommer, Christian A1 - Mueller, Dirk K. A1 - Nebe, Stephan A1 - Paul, Soeren A1 - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Walter, Henrik A1 - Smolka, Michael N. A1 - Sterzer, Philipp A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Huys, Quentin J. M. A1 - Schlagenhauf, Florian A1 - Heinz, Andreas T1 - Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects in the nucleus accumbens relate to relapse in alcohol dependence JF - Addiction biology N2 - In detoxified alcohol-dependent patients, alcohol-related stimuli can promote relapse. However, to date, the mechanisms by which contextual stimuli promote relapse have not been elucidated in detail. One hypothesis is that such contextual stimuli directly stimulate the motivation to drink via associated brain regions like the ventral striatum and thus promote alcohol seeking, intake and relapse. Pavlovian-to-Instrumental-Transfer (PIT) may be one of those behavioral phenomena contributing to relapse, capturing how Pavlovian conditioned (contextual) cues determine instrumental behavior (e.g. alcohol seeking and intake). We used a PIT paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the effects of classically conditioned Pavlovian stimuli on instrumental choices in n=31 detoxified patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence and n=24 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Patients were followed up over a period of 3 months. We observed that (1) there was a significant behavioral PIT effect for all participants, which was significantly more pronounced in alcohol-dependent patients; (2) PIT was significantly associated with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in subsequent relapsers only; and (3) PIT-related NAcc activation was associated with, and predictive of, critical outcomes (amount of alcohol intake and relapse during a 3 months follow-up period) in alcohol-dependent patients. These observations show for the first time that PIT-related BOLD signals, as a measure of the influence of Pavlovian cues on instrumental behavior, predict alcohol intake and relapse in alcohol dependence. KW - human Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer KW - nucleus accumbens KW - relapse in alcohol use disorder Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12243 SN - 1355-6215 SN - 1369-1600 VL - 21 SP - 719 EP - 731 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Caprioglio, Pietro A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Marquez, Jose A. A1 - Nordmann, Joleik A1 - Zhang, Shanshan A1 - Rothhardt, Daniel A1 - Hörmann, Ulrich A1 - Amir, Yohai A1 - Redinger, Alex A1 - Kegelmann, Lukas A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Kirchartz, Thomas A1 - Saliba, Michael A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - The impact of energy alignment and interfacial recombination on the internal and external open-circuit voltage of perovskite solar cells JF - Energy & environmental science N2 - Charge transport layers (CTLs) are key components of diffusion controlled perovskite solar cells, however, they can induce additional non-radiative recombination pathways which limit the open circuit voltage (V-OC) of the cell. In order to realize the full thermodynamic potential of the perovskite absorber, both the electron and hole transport layer (ETL/HTL) need to be as selective as possible. By measuring the photoluminescence yield of perovskite/CTL heterojunctions, we quantify the non-radiative interfacial recombination currents in pin- and nip-type cells including high efficiency devices (21.4%). Our study comprises a wide range of commonly used CTLs, including various hole-transporting polymers, spiro-OMeTAD, metal oxides and fullerenes. We find that all studied CTLs limit the V-OC by inducing an additional non-radiative recombination current that is in most cases substantially larger than the loss in the neat perovskite and that the least-selective interface sets the upper limit for the V-OC of the device. Importantly, the V-OC equals the internal quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) in the absorber layer only in high efficiency cells, while in poor performing devices, the V-OC is substantially lower than the QFLS. Using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and differential charging capacitance experiments we show that this is due to an energy level mis-alignment at the p-interface. The findings are corroborated by rigorous device simulations which outline important considerations to maximize the V-OC. This work highlights that the challenge to suppress non-radiative recombination losses in perovskite cells on their way to the radiative limit lies in proper energy level alignment and in suppression of defect recombination at the interfaces. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ee02020a SN - 1754-5692 SN - 1754-5706 VL - 12 IS - 9 SP - 2778 EP - 2788 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Sarah A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Linne, Karsten A1 - Mayer, Frank A1 - Scharhag, Jürgen T1 - ECG and echocardiographic findings in 10-15-year-old elite athletes JF - European journal of preventive cardiology : the official ESC journal for primary & secondary cardiovascular prevention, rehabilitation and sports cardiology N2 - Background: Data on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic pre-participation screening findings in paediatric athletes are limited. KW - ECG KW - echocardiography KW - paediatric athlete KW - pre-participation screening KW - sudden cardiac death Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487312462147 SN - 2047-4873 SN - 2047-4881 VL - 21 IS - 6 SP - 774 EP - 781 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Ralaiarisoa, Maryline A1 - Amsalem, Patrick A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Koch, Norbert T1 - Unraveling the Electronic Properties of Lead Halide Perovskites with Surface Photovoltage in Photoemission Studies JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces N2 - The tremendous success of metal-halide perovskites, especially in the field of photovoltaics, has triggered a substantial number of studies in understanding their optoelectronic properties. However, consensus regarding the electronic properties of these perovskites is lacking due to a huge scatter in the reported key parameters, such as work function (Φ) and valence band maximum (VBM) values. Here, we demonstrate that the surface photovoltage (SPV) is a key phenomenon occurring at the perovskite surfaces that feature a non-negligible density of surface states, which is more the rule than an exception for most materials under study. With ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Kelvin probe, we evidence that even minute UV photon fluxes (500 times lower than that used in typical UPS experiments) are sufficient to induce SPV and shift the perovskite Φ and VBM by several 100 meV compared to dark. By combining UV and visible light, we establish flat band conditions (i.e., compensate the surface-state-induced surface band bending) at the surface of four important perovskites, and find that all are p-type in the bulk, despite a pronounced n-type surface character in the dark. The present findings highlight that SPV effects must be considered in all surface studies to fully understand perovskites’ photophysical properties. KW - lead halide perovskite films KW - ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Kelvin probe KW - surface band bending KW - surface photovoltage KW - surface states Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b05293 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 11 IS - 24 SP - 21578 EP - 21583 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Amsalem, Patrick A1 - Egger, David A. A1 - Wang, Rongbin A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Fang, Honghua A1 - Loi, Maria Antonietta A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Kronik, Leeor A1 - Duhm, Steffen A1 - Koch, Norbert T1 - Constructing the Electronic Structure of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Thin Films from Single-Crystal Band Structure Measurements JF - The journal of physical chemistry letters N2 - Photovoltaic cells based on halide perovskites, possessing remarkably high power conversion efficiencies have been reported. To push the development of such devices further, a comprehensive and reliable understanding of their electronic properties is essential but presently not available. To provide a solid foundation for understanding the electronic properties of polycrystalline thin films, we employ single-crystal band structure data from angle-resolved photoemission measurements. For two prototypical perovskites (CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3), we reveal the band dispersion in two high-symmetry directions and identify the global valence band maxima. With these benchmark data, we construct "standard" photoemission spectra from polycrystalline thin film samples and resolve challenges discussed in the literature for determining the valence band onset with high reliability. Within the framework laid out here, the consistency of relating the energy level alignment in perovskite-based photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices with their functional parameters is substantially enhanced. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03728 SN - 1948-7185 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 601 EP - 609 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kirchner, Vera A1 - Koch, Michael ED - Kirchner, Vera ED - Koch, Michael T1 - Mehr als ein "bisschen" Haushalt - Haushalten als ökonomisches Prinzip im Unterricht BT - Fachliche Grundlagen und fachdidaktische Überlegungen für den Wirtschafts- und Wirtschafts- und Politikunterricht JF - Unterricht Wirtschaft + Politik Y1 - 2020 SN - 2191-6624 SN - 2751-1243 IS - 3 SP - 2 EP - 7 PB - Friedrich Verlag CY - Hannover ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Michael H. A1 - Helwig, S. L. A1 - Bauer, Klaus A1 - Haberland, Christian A1 - Koch, Olaf A1 - Ryberg, T. A1 - Maercklin, N. A1 - Ritter, O. A1 - Schulze, A. T1 - Near-surface properties of an active fault derived by joint interpretation of different geophysical methods - the Arava/Araba Fault in the Middle East JF - Near surface geophysics N2 - The motion of tectonic plates is accommodated at fault zones. One of the unanswered questions about fault zones relates to the role they play in controlling shallow and local hydrology. This study focuses on the Arava/Araba Fault (AF) zone, the southern portion of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) in the Middle East. We combine seismic and electromagnetic methods (EM) to image the geometry and map the petro-physical properties and water occurrence in the top 100 m of this active fault. For three profiles, P-velocity and resistivity images were derived independently. Using a neural network cluster analysis three classes with similar P-velocity and resistivities could then be determined from these images. These classes correspond to spatial domains of specific material and wetness. The first class occurs primarily east of the fault consisting of 'wet' sand (dunes) and brecciated sediments, whereas the second class composed of similar material located west of the fault is 'dry'. The third class lies at depth below ca. 50 m and is composed of highly deformed and weathered Precambrian rocks that constitute the multi-branch fault zone of the AF at this location. The combination of two independent measurements like seismics and EM linked by a stringent mathematical approach has thus shown the potential to delineate the interplay of lithology and water near active faults. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2012031 SN - 1569-4445 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 381 EP - 390 PB - European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers CY - Houten ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Sabine A1 - Titze, Karl A1 - Schröder, Michael A1 - Zimmermann, Ralf B. A1 - Lehmkuhl, Gerd A1 - Rauh, Hellgard T1 - Longterm neurological consequences of maternal epilepsy and anticonvulsant treatment during pregnancy for school-age children and adolescents Y1 - 1999 SN - 0013-9580 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Paulke, Andreas A1 - Toro, Lorena Perdigon A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - Reduced Interface-Mediated Recombination for High Open-Circuit Voltages in CH3NH3PbI3 Solar Cells JF - Advanced materials N2 - Perovskite solar cells with all-organic transport layers exhibit efficiencies rivaling their counterparts that employ inorganic transport layers, while avoiding high-temperature processing. Herein, it is investigated how the choice of the fullerene derivative employed in the electron-transporting layer of inverted perovskite cells affects the open-circuit voltage (V-OC). It is shown that nonradiative recombination mediated by the electron-transporting layer is the limiting factor for the V-OC in the cells. By inserting an ultrathin layer of an insulating polymer between the active CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and the fullerene, an external radiative efficiency of up to 0.3%, a V-OC as high as 1.16 V, and a power conversion efficiency of 19.4% are realized. The results show that the reduction of nonradiative recombination due to charge-blocking at the perovskite/organic interface is more important than proper level alignment in the search for ideal selective contacts toward high V-OC and efficiency. KW - electron-transport layers KW - nonradiative recombination KW - open-circuit voltage KW - perovskite solar cells Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700159 SN - 0935-9648 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 29 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Starke, Ines A1 - Koch, Andreas A1 - Kammer, Stefan A1 - Holdt, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Möller, Heiko Michael T1 - Electrospray mass spectrometry and molecular modeling study of formation and stability of silver complexes with diazaperylene and bisisoquinoline JF - Journal of mass spectrometry N2 - The complex formation of the following diazaperylene ligands (L) 1,12-diazaperylene 1, 1,1-bisisoquinoline 2, 2,11-disubstituted 1,12-diazaperylenes (alkyl=methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, 3, 5, 7), 3,3-disubstituted 1,1-bisisoquinoline (alkyl=methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, 4, 6, 8 and with R=phenyl, 11 and with pyridine 12), and the 5,8-dimethoxy-substituted diazaperylene 9, 6,6-dimethoxy-substituted bisisoquinoline 10 with AgBF4 was investigated. Collision-induced dissociation measurements were used to evaluate the relative stabilities of the ligands themselves and for the [1:1](+) complexes as well as for the homoleptic and heteroleptic silver [1:2](+) complexes in the gas phase. This method is very useful in rapid screening of the stabilities of new complexes in the gas phase. The influence of the spatial arrangement of the ligands and the type of substituents employed for the complexation were examined. The effect of the preorganization of the diazaperylene on the threshold activation voltages and thus of the relative binding energies of the different complexes are discussed. Density functional theory calculations were used to calculate the optimized structures of the silver complexes and compared with the stabilities of the complexes in the gas phase for the first time. KW - electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and modeling KW - silver(1) complexes KW - stability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.4071 SN - 1076-5174 SN - 1096-9888 VL - 53 IS - 5 SP - 408 EP - 418 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Sarah A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Linne, Karsten A1 - Mayer, Frank A1 - Scharhag, Jürgen T1 - ECG and echocardiographic findings in 10–15-year-old elite athletes N2 - Background: Data on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic pre-participation screening findings in paediatric athletes are limited. Methods and results: 10-15 year-old athletes (n = 343) were screened using electro- and echocardiography. The electrocardiogram (ECG) was normal in 220 (64%), mildly abnormal in 108 (31%), and distinctly abnormal in 15 (4%) athletes. Echocardiographic upper reference limits (URL, 97.5 percentile) for the left ventricular (LV) wall thickness in 10-11-year-old boys and girls were 9-10 mm and 8-9 mm, respectively; in 12-13-year-old boys and girls 9-10 mm; and in 14-15-year-old boys and girls 10-11 mm and 9-10 mm, respectively. Three athletes were excluded from competitive sports: one for symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with a normal echocardiogram; one for negative T-waves in V-1-V-4 and a dilated right ventricle by echocardiography suggestive of (arrhythmogenic) right ventricular disease; and one for normal ECG and biscupid aortic valve including an aneurysm of the ascending aorta detected by echocardiography. Related to echocardiographic findings, the sensitivity and specificity of the ECG to identify cardiovascular abnormalities was 38% and 64%, respectively. The ECG's positive-predictive and negative-predictive values were 13% and 88%, respectively. The numbers needed to screen and calculated costs were 172 for ECG ( 7049), 172 for echocardiography ( 11,530), and 114 combining ECG and echocardiography ( 9323). Conclusions: Compared to adults, paediatric athletes presented with fewer distinctly abnormal ECGs, and there was no gender difference in paediatric athletes' ECG-pattern distribution. A combination of ECG and echocardiography for pre-participation screening of paediatric athletes is superior to ECG alone but 30% more costly. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 368 KW - ECG KW - echocardiography KW - paediatric athlete KW - pre-participation screening KW - sudden cardiac death Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403186 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Amberg, Maximilian A1 - aus dem Moore, Nils A1 - Bekk, Anke A1 - Bergmann, Tobias A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - George, Jan A1 - Haywood, Luke A1 - Heinemann, Maik A1 - Held, Anne A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias A1 - Kellner, Maximilian A1 - Koch, Nicolas A1 - Luderer, Gunnar A1 - Meyer, Henrika A1 - Nikodinoska, Dragana A1 - Pahle, Michael A1 - Roolfs, Christina A1 - Schill, Wolf-Peter T1 - Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem BT - wie Lenkungssteuern effektiv und gerecht für den Klima- und Umweltschutz ausgestaltet werden können JF - Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik N2 - Steuern und Abgaben auf Produkte oder Verbrauch mit gesellschaftlichen Folgekosten (externe Kosten) – sogenannte Pigou- oder Lenkungssteuern – sind ein gesellschaftliches „Win-Win-Instrument“. Sie verbessern die Wohlfahrt und schützen gleichzeitig die Umwelt und das Klima. Dies wird erreicht, indem umweltschädigende Aktivitäten einen Preis bekommen, der möglichst exakt der Höhe des Schadens entspricht. Eine konsequente Bepreisung der externen Kosten nach diesem Prinzip könnte in Deutschland erhebliche zusätzliche Einnahmen erbringen: Basierend auf bisherigen Studien zu externen Kosten wären zusätzliche Einnahmen in der Größenordnung von 348 bis 564 Milliarden Euro pro Jahr (44 bis 71 Prozent der gesamten Steuereinnahmen) möglich. Die Autoren warnen allerdings, dass die Bezifferung der externen Kosten mit erheblichen Unsicherheiten verbunden ist. Damit Lenkungssteuern und -abgaben ihre positiven Lenkungs- und Wohlstandseffekte voll entfalten können, seien zudem institutionelle Reformen notwendig. KW - Externalitäten KW - Pigou-Steuern KW - Nachhaltige Steuerreform KW - Energiewende Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pwp-2021-0051 SN - 1465-6493 SN - 1468-2516 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 165 EP - 199 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Schultz, Thorsten A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Shin, Dongguen A1 - Frohloff, Lennart A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Amsalem, Patrick A1 - Koch, Norbert T1 - Position-locking of volatile reaction products by atmosphere and capping layers slows down photodecomposition of methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite JF - RSC Advances N2 - The remarkable progress of metal halide perovskites in photovoltaics has led to the power conversion efficiency approaching 26%. However, practical applications of perovskite-based solar cells are challenged by the stability issues, of which the most critical one is photo-induced degradation. Bare CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films are known to decompose rapidly, with methylammonium and iodine as volatile species and residual solid PbI2 and metallic Pb, under vacuum under white light illumination, on the timescale of minutes. We find, in agreement with previous work, that the degradation is non-uniform and proceeds predominantly from the surface, and that illumination under N-2 and ambient air (relative humidity 20%) does not induce substantial degradation even after several hours. Yet, in all cases the release of iodine from the perovskite surface is directly identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This goes in hand with a loss of organic cations and the formation of metallic Pb. When CH3NH3PbI3 films are covered with a few nm thick organic capping layer, either charge selective or non-selective, the rapid photodecomposition process under ultrahigh vacuum is reduced by more than one order of magnitude, and becomes similar in timescale to that under N-2 or air. We conclude that the light-induced decomposition reaction of CH3NH3PbI3, leading to volatile methylammonium and iodine, is largely reversible as long as these products are restrained from leaving the surface. This is readily achieved by ambient atmospheric pressure, as well as a thin organic capping layer even under ultrahigh vacuum. In addition to explaining the impact of gas pressure on the stability of this perovskite, our results indicate that covalently "locking" the position of perovskite components at the surface or an interface should enhance the overall photostability. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra03572f SN - 2046-2069 VL - 10 IS - 30 SP - 17534 EP - 17542 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Emrich, Eike A1 - Gassmann, Freya A1 - Herrmann, Konstantin A1 - Koch, Michael A1 - Meyer, Wolfgang ED - Emrich, Eike ED - Gassmann, Freya ED - Herrmann, Konstantin T1 - Die Universität Potsdam in sozioökonomischer Perspektive BT - Ausgewählte Analysen sozialer und wirtschaftlicher Effekte N2 - Universitäten erbringen wohlfahrtsfördernde Leistungen für die Gesellschaft, insbesondere indem sie Studierende ausbilden, über Forschung neues Wissen erzeugen sowie den Wissens- und Technologietransfer in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft hinein betreiben. Die Erbringung dieser Leistungen wird ermöglicht durch eine größtenteils öffentliche Finanzierung, die nicht nur in Zeiten wirtschaftlicher Krisen und Spargebote gerne hinterfragt wird. Die Politik ist daher ebenso wie die Hochschulen gut beraten, die Mittelzuweisungen immer wieder neu zu legitimieren. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die sozioökonomischen Effekte der Universität Potsdam und schließt so vorhandene Informationslücken. Die Autoren zeigen, dass auch indirekte und unerwartete Effekte eine große Rolle spielen können, was die Wirkung einer Universität auf Wirtschaft und Wohlstand angeht. KW - Universität Potsdam KW - Studierendenbefragung KW - Absolventenstudie KW - regionalökonomische Effekte KW - sozio-ökonomische Effekte KW - University of Potsdam KW - student survey KW - graduate survey KW - regional economic effects KW - socio-economic effects Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90200 SN - 978-3-86956-367-1 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Acero, F. A1 - Aloisio, R. A1 - Amans, J. A1 - Amato, Elena A1 - Antonelli, L. A. A1 - Aramo, C. A1 - Armstrong, T. A1 - Arqueros, F. A1 - Asano, Katsuaki A1 - Ashley, M. A1 - Backes, M. A1 - Balazs, C. A1 - Balzer, A. A1 - Bamba, Aya A1 - Barkov, Maxim A1 - Barrio, J. A. A1 - Benbow, Wystan A1 - Bernloehr, K. A1 - Beshley, V. A1 - Bigongiari, C. A1 - Biland, A. A1 - Bilinsky, A. A1 - Bissaldi, Elisabetta A1 - Biteau, J. A1 - Blanch, O. A1 - Blasi, P. A1 - Blazek, J. A1 - Boisson, C. A1 - Bonanno, G. A1 - Bonardi, A. A1 - Bonavolonta, C. A1 - Bonnoli, G. A1 - Braiding, C. A1 - Brau-Nogue, S. A1 - Bregeon, J. A1 - Brown, A. M. A1 - Bugaev, V. A1 - Bulgarelli, A. A1 - Bulik, T. A1 - Burton, Michael A1 - Burtovoi, A. A1 - Busetto, G. A1 - Bottcher, M. A1 - Cameron, R. A1 - Capalbi, M. A1 - Caproni, Anderson A1 - Caraveo, P. A1 - Carosi, R. A1 - Cascone, E. A1 - Cerruti, M. A1 - Chaty, Sylvain A1 - Chen, A. A1 - Chen, X. A1 - Chernyakova, M. A1 - Chikawa, M. A1 - Chudoba, J. A1 - Cohen-Tanugi, J. A1 - Colafrancesco, S. A1 - Conforti, V. A1 - Contreras, J. L. A1 - Costa, A. A1 - Cotter, G. A1 - Covino, Stefano A1 - Covone, G. A1 - Cumani, P. A1 - Cusumano, G. A1 - Daniel, M. A1 - Dazzi, F. A1 - De Angelis, A. A1 - De Cesare, G. A1 - De Franco, A. A1 - De Frondat, F. A1 - Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia A1 - De Lisio, C. A1 - Lopez, R. de los Reyes A1 - De Lotto, B. A1 - de Naurois, M. A1 - De Palma, F. A1 - Del Santo, M. A1 - Delgado, C. A1 - della Volpe, D. A1 - Di Girolamo, T. A1 - Di Giulio, C. A1 - Di Pierro, F. A1 - Di Venere, L. A1 - Doro, M. A1 - Dournaux, J. A1 - Dumas, D. A1 - Dwarkadas, Vikram V. A1 - Diaz, C. A1 - Ebr, J. A1 - Egberts, Kathrin A1 - Einecke, S. A1 - Elsaesser, D. A1 - Eschbach, S. A1 - Falceta-Goncalves, D. A1 - Fasola, G. A1 - Fedorova, E. A1 - Fernandez-Barral, A. A1 - Ferrand, Gilles A1 - Fesquet, M. A1 - Fiandrini, E. A1 - Fiasson, A. A1 - Filipovic, Miroslav D. A1 - Fioretti, V. A1 - Font, L. A1 - Fontaine, Gilles A1 - Franco, F. J. A1 - Freixas Coromina, L. A1 - Fujita, Yutaka A1 - Fukui, Y. A1 - Funk, S. A1 - Forster, A. A1 - Gadola, A. A1 - Lopez, R. Garcia A1 - Garczarczyk, M. A1 - Giglietto, N. A1 - Giordano, F. A1 - Giuliani, A. A1 - Glicenstein, J. A1 - Gnatyk, R. A1 - Goldoni, P. A1 - Grabarczyk, T. A1 - Graciani, R. A1 - Graham, J. A1 - Grandi, P. A1 - Granot, Jonathan A1 - Green, A. J. A1 - Griffiths, S. A1 - Gunji, S. A1 - Hakobyan, H. A1 - Hara, S. A1 - Hassan, T. A1 - Hayashida, M. A1 - Heller, M. A1 - Helo, J. C. A1 - Hinton, J. A1 - Hnatyk, B. A1 - Huet, J. A1 - Huetten, M. A1 - Humensky, T. B. A1 - Hussein, M. A1 - Horandel, J. A1 - Ikeno, Y. A1 - Inada, T. A1 - Inome, Y. A1 - Inoue, S. A1 - Inoue, T. A1 - Inoue, Y. A1 - Ioka, K. A1 - Iori, Maurizio A1 - Jacquemier, J. A1 - Janecek, P. A1 - Jankowsky, D. A1 - Jung, I. A1 - Kaaret, P. A1 - Katagiri, H. A1 - Kimeswenger, S. A1 - Kimura, Shigeo S. A1 - Knodlseder, J. A1 - Koch, B. A1 - Kocot, J. A1 - Kohri, K. A1 - Komin, N. A1 - Konno, Y. A1 - Kosack, K. A1 - Koyama, S. A1 - Kraus, Michaela A1 - Kubo, Hidetoshi A1 - Mezek, G. Kukec A1 - Kushida, J. A1 - La Palombara, N. A1 - Lalik, K. A1 - Lamanna, G. A1 - Landt, H. A1 - Lapington, J. A1 - Laporte, P. A1 - Lee, S. A1 - Lees, J. A1 - Lefaucheur, J. A1 - Lenain, J. -P. A1 - Leto, Giuseppe A1 - Lindfors, E. A1 - Lohse, T. A1 - Lombardi, S. A1 - Longo, F. A1 - Lopez, M. A1 - Lucarelli, F. A1 - Luque-Escamilla, Pedro Luis A1 - Lopez-Coto, R. A1 - Maccarone, M. C. A1 - Maier, G. A1 - Malaguti, G. A1 - Mandat, D. A1 - Maneva, G. A1 - Mangano, S. A1 - Marcowith, A. A1 - Marti, J. A1 - Martinez, M. A1 - Martinez, G. A1 - Masuda, S. A1 - Maurin, G. A1 - Maxted, N. A1 - Melioli, Claudio A1 - Mineo, T. A1 - Mirabal, N. A1 - Mizuno, T. A1 - Moderski, R. A1 - Mohammed, M. A1 - Montaruli, T. A1 - Moralejo, A. A1 - Mori, K. A1 - Morlino, G. A1 - Morselli, A. A1 - Moulin, E. A1 - Mukherjee, R. A1 - Mundell, C. A1 - Muraishi, H. A1 - Murase, Kohta A1 - Nagataki, Shigehiro A1 - Nagayoshi, T. A1 - Naito, T. A1 - Nakajima, D. A1 - Nakamori, T. A1 - Nemmen, R. A1 - Niemiec, Jacek A1 - Nieto, D. A1 - Nievas-Rosillo, M. A1 - Nikolajuk, M. A1 - Nishijima, K. A1 - Noda, K. A1 - Nogues, L. A1 - Nosek, D. A1 - Novosyadlyj, B. A1 - Nozaki, S. A1 - Ohira, Yutaka A1 - Ohishi, M. A1 - Ohm, S. A1 - Okumura, A. A1 - Ong, R. A. A1 - Orito, R. A1 - Orlati, A. A1 - Ostrowski, M. A1 - Oya, I. A1 - Padovani, Marco A1 - Palacio, J. A1 - Palatka, M. A1 - Paredes, Josep M. A1 - Pavy, S. A1 - Persic, M. A1 - Petrucci, P. A1 - Petruk, Oleh A1 - Pisarski, A. A1 - Pohl, Martin A1 - Porcelli, A. A1 - Prandini, E. A1 - Prast, J. A1 - Principe, G. A1 - Prouza, M. A1 - Pueschel, Elisa A1 - Puelhofer, G. A1 - Quirrenbach, A. A1 - Rameez, M. A1 - Reimer, O. A1 - Renaud, M. A1 - Ribo, M. A1 - Rico, J. A1 - Rizi, V. A1 - Rodriguez, J. A1 - Fernandez, G. Rodriguez A1 - Rodriguez Vazquez, J. J. A1 - Romano, Patrizia A1 - Romeo, G. A1 - Rosado, J. A1 - Rousselle, J. A1 - Rowell, G. A1 - Rudak, B. A1 - Sadeh, I. A1 - Safi-Harb, S. A1 - Saito, T. A1 - Sakaki, N. A1 - Sanchez, D. A1 - Sangiorgi, P. A1 - Sano, H. A1 - Santander, M. A1 - Sarkar, S. A1 - Sawada, M. A1 - Schioppa, E. J. A1 - Schoorlemmer, H. A1 - Schovanek, P. A1 - Schussler, F. A1 - Sergijenko, O. A1 - Servillat, M. A1 - Shalchi, A. A1 - Shellard, R. C. A1 - Siejkowski, H. A1 - Sillanpaa, A. A1 - Simone, D. A1 - Sliusar, V. A1 - Sol, H. A1 - Stanic, S. A1 - Starling, R. A1 - Stawarz, L. A1 - Stefanik, S. A1 - Stephan, M. A1 - Stolarczyk, T. A1 - Szanecki, M. A1 - Szepieniec, T. A1 - Tagliaferri, G. A1 - Tajima, H. A1 - Takahashi, M. A1 - Takeda, J. A1 - Tanaka, M. A1 - Tanaka, S. A1 - Tejedor, L. A. A1 - Telezhinsky, Igor O. A1 - Temnikov, P. A1 - Terada, Y. A1 - Tescaro, D. A1 - Teshima, M. A1 - Testa, V. A1 - Thoudam, S. A1 - Tokanai, F. A1 - Torres, D. F. A1 - Torresi, E. A1 - Tosti, G. A1 - Townsley, C. A1 - Travnicek, P. A1 - Trichard, C. A1 - Trifoglio, M. A1 - Tsujimoto, S. A1 - Vagelli, V. A1 - Vallania, P. A1 - Valore, L. A1 - van Driel, W. A1 - van Eldik, C. A1 - Vandenbroucke, Justin A1 - Vassiliev, V. A1 - Vecchi, M. A1 - Vercellone, Stefano A1 - Vergani, S. A1 - Vigorito, C. A1 - Vorobiov, S. A1 - Vrastil, M. A1 - Vazquez Acosta, M. L. A1 - Wagner, S. J. A1 - Wagner, R. A1 - Wakely, S. P. A1 - Walter, R. A1 - Ward, J. E. A1 - Watson, J. J. A1 - Weinstein, A. A1 - White, M. A1 - White, R. A1 - Wierzcholska, A. A1 - Wilcox, P. A1 - Williams, D. A. A1 - Wischnewski, R. A1 - Wojcik, P. A1 - Yamamoto, T. A1 - Yamamoto, H. A1 - Yamazaki, Ryo A1 - Yanagita, S. A1 - Yang, L. A1 - Yoshida, T. A1 - Yoshida, M. A1 - Yoshiike, S. A1 - Yoshikoshi, T. A1 - Zacharias, M. A1 - Zampieri, L. A1 - Zanin, R. A1 - Zavrtanik, M. A1 - Zavrtanik, D. A1 - Zdziarski, A. A1 - Zech, Alraune A1 - Zechlin, Hannes A1 - Zhdanov, V. A1 - Ziegler, A. A1 - Zorn, J. T1 - Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - We perform simulations for future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observations of RX J1713.7-3946, a young supernova remnant (SNR) and one of the brightest sources ever discovered in very high energy (VHE) gamma rays. Special attention is paid to exploring possible spatial (anti) correlations of gamma rays with emission at other wavelengths, in particular X-rays and CO/H I emission. We present a series of simulated images of RX J1713.7-3946 for CTA based on a set of observationally motivated models for the gamma-ray emission. In these models, VHE gamma rays produced by high-energy electrons are assumed to trace the nonthermal X-ray emission observed by XMM-Newton, whereas those originating from relativistic protons delineate the local gas distributions. The local atomic and molecular gas distributions are deduced by the NANTEN team from CO and H I observations. Our primary goal is to show how one can distinguish the emission mechanism(s) of the gamma rays (i.e., hadronic versus leptonic, or a mixture of the two) through information provided by their spatial distribution, spectra, and time variation. This work is the first attempt to quantitatively evaluate the capabilities of CTA to achieve various proposed scientific goals by observing this important cosmic particle accelerator. KW - cosmic rays KW - gamma rays: ISM KW - ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5) Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6d67 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 840 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Akyazi, Mehmet A1 - Bergmann, Dana A1 - Dieterichs, Michael A1 - Gänz, Victoria A1 - Hinz, Carsten A1 - Huhn, Nicola A1 - Klitsch, Constantin A1 - Koch, Hayo A1 - Löffler, Robert A1 - Meis, Robin A1 - Penning, Isabelle A1 - Rasky, Nicolai A1 - Richter, Christin A1 - Schellen, Ricarda A1 - Schrödter, Ayla A1 - Schulz, Oliver A1 - Simon, Veronika A1 - Trojecka, Anetta A1 - Verwohlt, Peter A1 - Vogler, Christin A1 - Vogt, Birgit T1 - #Gesellschaftslehre 9/10 BT - Gesellschaftslehre für die Gesamtschule und Sekundarschule Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-661-70053-3 VL - [Schülerband] PB - C.C. Buchner CY - Bamberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lepetit, Petra A1 - Viereck, Lothar A1 - Piper, John D. A. A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Gurel, Ali A1 - Copuroglu, Ibrahim A1 - Gruber, Manuela A1 - Mayer, Bernhard A1 - Koch, Michael A1 - Tatar, Orhan A1 - Gursoy, Halil T1 - Ar-40/Ar-39 dating of ignimbrites and plinian air-fall layers from Cappadocia, Central Turkey: Implications to chronostratigraphic and Eastern Mediterranean palaeoenvironmental record JF - Chemie der Erde : interdisciplinary journal for chemical problems of the geo-sciences and geo-ecology N2 - Magmatism forming the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province of Cappadocia, central Turkey, records the last phase of Neotethyan subduction after similar to 11 Ma. Thirteen large calc-alkaline ignimbrite sheets form marker bands within the volcano-sedimentary succession (the Urgup Formation) and provide a robust chronostratigraphy for paleoecologic evaluation of the interleaved paleosols. This paper evaluates the chronologic record in the context of the radiometric, magnetostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic controls. Previous inconsistencies relating primarily to K/Ar evidence were reason for the initiation of an integrated study which includes Ar-40/Ar-39 dating, palaeomagnetic and stratigraphic evidence. The newly determined Ar-40/Ar-39-ages (Lepetit, 2010) are in agreement with Ar/Ar and U/Pb data meanwhile published by Pauquette and Le Pennec (2012) and Aydar et al. (2012). The Ar-40/Ar-39-ages restrict the end of the Urgup Formation to the late Miocene. The paleosol sequence enclosed by the ignimbrites is thus restricted to the late Miocene, the most intense formation of pedogene calcretes correlating with the Messinian Salinity Crisis. KW - Ar-40/Ar-39 dating KW - Tephrostratigraphy KW - Neogene KW - Cappadocia KW - Turkey Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2014.05.001 SN - 0009-2819 SN - 1611-5864 VL - 74 IS - 3 SP - 471 EP - 488 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koebsch, Franziska A1 - Winkel, Matthias A1 - Liebner, Susanne A1 - Liu, Bo A1 - Westphal, Julia A1 - Schmiedinger, Iris A1 - Spitzy, Alejandro A1 - Gehre, Matthias A1 - Jurasinski, Gerald A1 - Köhler, Stefan A1 - Unger, Viktoria A1 - Koch, Marian A1 - Sachs, Torsten A1 - Böttcher, Michael E. T1 - Sulfate deprivation triggers high methane production in a disturbed and rewetted coastal peatland JF - Biogeosciences N2 - In natural coastal wetlands, high supplies of marine sulfate suppress methanogenesis. Coastal wetlands are, however, often subject to disturbance by diking and drainage for agricultural use and can turn to potent methane sources when rewetted for remediation. This suggests that preceding land use measures can suspend the sulfate-related methane suppressing mechanisms. Here, we unravel the hydrological relocation and biogeochemical S and C transformation processes that induced high methane emissions in a disturbed and rewetted peatland despite former brackish impact. The underlying processes were investigated along a transect of increasing distance to the coastline using a combination of concentration patterns, stable isotope partitioning, and analysis of the microbial community structure. We found that diking and freshwater rewetting caused a distinct freshening and an efficient depletion of the brackish sulfate reservoir by dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR). Despite some legacy effects of brackish impact expressed as high amounts of sedimentary S and elevated electrical conductivities, contemporary metabolic processes operated mainly under sulfate-limited conditions. This opened up favorable conditions for the establishment of a prospering methanogenic community in the top 30-40 cm of peat, the structure and physiology of which resemble those of terrestrial organic-rich environments. Locally, high amounts of sulfate persisted in deeper peat layers through the inhibition of DSR, probably by competitive electron acceptors of terrestrial origin, for example Fe(III). However, as sulfate occurred only in peat layers below 30-40 cm, it did not interfere with high methane emissions on an ecosystem scale. Our results indicate that the climate effect of disturbed and remediated coastal wetlands cannot simply be derived by analogy with their natural counterparts. From a greenhouse gas perspective, the re-exposure of diked wetlands to natural coastal dynamics would literally open up the floodgates for a replenishment of the marine sulfate pool and therefore constitute an efficient measure to reduce methane emissions. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1937-2019 SN - 1726-4170 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 16 IS - 9 SP - 1937 EP - 1953 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noonan, Michael J. A1 - Tucker, Marlee A. A1 - Fleming, Christen H. A1 - Akre, Thomas S. A1 - Alberts, Susan C. A1 - Ali, Abdullahi H. A1 - Altmann, Jeanne A1 - Antunes, Pamela Castro A1 - Belant, Jerrold L. A1 - Beyer, Dean A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin A1 - Cullen Jr, Laury A1 - de Paula, Rogerio Cunha A1 - Dekker, Jasja A1 - Drescher-Lehman, Jonathan A1 - Farwig, Nina A1 - Fichtel, Claudia A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Ford, Adam T. A1 - Goheen, Jacob R. A1 - Janssen, Rene A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Kauffman, Matthew A1 - Kappeler, Peter M. A1 - Koch, Flavia A1 - LaPoint, Scott A1 - Markham, A. Catherine A1 - Medici, Emilia Patricia A1 - Morato, Ronaldo G. A1 - Nathan, Ran A1 - Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R. A1 - Olson, Kirk A. A1 - Patterson, Bruce D. A1 - Paviolo, Agustin A1 - Ramalho, Emiliano Estero A1 - Rosner, Sascha A1 - Schabo, Dana G. A1 - Selva, Nuria A1 - Sergiel, Agnieszka A1 - da Silva, Marina Xavier A1 - Spiegel, Orr A1 - Thompson, Peter A1 - Ullmann, Wiebke A1 - Zieba, Filip A1 - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz A1 - Fagan, William F. A1 - Mueller, Thomas A1 - Calabrese, Justin M. T1 - A comprehensive analysis of autocorrelation and bias in home range estimation JF - Ecological monographs : a publication of the Ecological Society of America. N2 - Home range estimation is routine practice in ecological research. While advances in animal tracking technology have increased our capacity to collect data to support home range analysis, these same advances have also resulted in increasingly autocorrelated data. Consequently, the question of which home range estimator to use on modern, highly autocorrelated tracking data remains open. This question is particularly relevant given that most estimators assume independently sampled data. Here, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of autocorrelation on home range estimation. We base our study on an extensive data set of GPS locations from 369 individuals representing 27 species distributed across five continents. We first assemble a broad array of home range estimators, including Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) with four bandwidth optimizers (Gaussian reference function, autocorrelated‐Gaussian reference function [AKDE], Silverman's rule of thumb, and least squares cross‐validation), Minimum Convex Polygon, and Local Convex Hull methods. Notably, all of these estimators except AKDE assume independent and identically distributed (IID) data. We then employ half‐sample cross‐validation to objectively quantify estimator performance, and the recently introduced effective sample size for home range area estimation ( N̂ area ) to quantify the information content of each data set. We found that AKDE 95% area estimates were larger than conventional IID‐based estimates by a mean factor of 2. The median number of cross‐validated locations included in the hold‐out sets by AKDE 95% (or 50%) estimates was 95.3% (or 50.1%), confirming the larger AKDE ranges were appropriately selective at the specified quantile. Conversely, conventional estimates exhibited negative bias that increased with decreasing N̂ area. To contextualize our empirical results, we performed a detailed simulation study to tease apart how sampling frequency, sampling duration, and the focal animal's movement conspire to affect range estimates. Paralleling our empirical results, the simulation study demonstrated that AKDE was generally more accurate than conventional methods, particularly for small N̂ area. While 72% of the 369 empirical data sets had >1,000 total observations, only 4% had an N̂ area >1,000, where 30% had an N̂ area <30. In this frequently encountered scenario of small N̂ area, AKDE was the only estimator capable of producing an accurate home range estimate on autocorrelated data. KW - animal movement KW - kernel density estimation KW - local convex hull KW - minimum convex polygon KW - range distribution KW - space use KW - telemetry KW - tracking data Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1344 SN - 0012-9615 SN - 1557-7015 VL - 89 IS - 2 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caprioglio, Pietro A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Prieto, Jose A. Marquez A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Becker, Pascal A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Rech, Bernd A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - High open circuit voltages in pin-type perovskite solar cells through strontium addition JF - Sustainable Energy & Fuels N2 - The incorporation of even small amounts of strontium (Sr) into lead-base hybrid quadruple cation perovskite solar cells results in a systematic increase of the open circuit voltage (V-oc) in pin-type perovskite solar cells. We demonstrate via absolute and transient photoluminescence (PL) experiments how the incorporation of Sr significantly reduces the non-radiative recombination losses in the neat perovskite layer. We show that Sr segregates at the perovskite surface, where it induces important changes of morphology and energetics. Notably, the Sr-enriched surface exhibits a wider band gap and a more n-type character, accompanied with significantly stronger surface band bending. As a result, we observe a significant increase of the quasi-Fermi level splitting in the neat perovskite by reduced surface recombination and more importantly, a strong reduction of losses attributed to non-radiative recombination at the interface to the C-60 electron-transporting layer. The resulting solar cells exhibited a V-oc of 1.18 V, which could be further improved to nearly 1.23 V through addition of a thin polymer interlayer, reducing the non-radiative voltage loss to only 110 meV. Our work shows that simply adding a small amount of Sr to the precursor solutions induces a beneficial surface modification in the perovskite, without requiring any post treatment, resulting in high efficiency solar cells with power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 20.3%. Our results demonstrate very high V-oc values and efficiencies in Sr-containing quadruple cation perovskite pin-type solar cells and highlight the imperative importance of addressing and minimizing the recombination losses at the interface between perovskite and charge transporting layer. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c8se00509e SN - 2398-4902 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 550 EP - 563 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Canil, Laura A1 - Rehermann, Carolin A1 - Nguyen, Ngoc Linh A1 - Zu, Fengshuo A1 - Ralaiarisoa, Maryline A1 - Caprioglio, Pietro A1 - Fiedler, Lukas A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Kogikoski, Junior, Sergio A1 - Bald, Ilko A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Unger, Eva L. A1 - Dittrich, Thomas A1 - Abate, Antonio A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - Correction to 'Perfluorinated self-assembled monolayers enhance the stability and efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells' (2020, 14 (2), 1445−1456) T2 - ACS nano Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08081 SN - 1936-0851 SN - 1936-086X VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 16156 EP - 16156 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC ER -