TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hetenyi, Gyorgy
A1  - Molinari, Irene
A1  - Clinton, John
A1  - Bokelmann, Gotz
A1  - Bondar, Istvan
A1  - Crawford, Wayne C.
A1  - Dessa, Jean-Xavier
A1  - Doubre, Cecile
A1  - Friederich, Wolfgang
A1  - Fuchs, Florian
A1  - Giardini, Domenico
A1  - Graczer, Zoltan
A1  - Handy, Mark R.
A1  - Herak, Marijan
A1  - Jia, Yan
A1  - Kissling, Edi
A1  - Kopp, Heidrun
A1  - Korn, Michael
A1  - Margheriti, Lucia
A1  - Meier, Thomas
A1  - Mucciarelli, Marco
A1  - Paul, Anne
A1  - Pesaresi, Damiano
A1  - Piromallo, Claudia
A1  - Plenefisch, Thomas
A1  - Plomerova, Jaroslava
A1  - Ritter, Joachim
A1  - Rumpker, Georg
A1  - Sipka, Vesna
A1  - Spallarossa, Daniele
A1  - Thomas, Christine
A1  - Tilmann, Frederik
A1  - Wassermann, Joachim
A1  - Weber, Michael
A1  - Weber, Zoltan
A1  - Wesztergom, Viktor
A1  - Zivcic, Mladen
A1  - Abreu, Rafael
A1  - Allegretti, Ivo
A1  - Apoloner, Maria-Theresia
A1  - Aubert, Coralie
A1  - Besancon, Simon
A1  - de Berc, Maxime Bes
A1  - Brunel, Didier
A1  - Capello, Marco
A1  - Carman, Martina
A1  - Cavaliere, Adriano
A1  - Cheze, Jerome
A1  - Chiarabba, Claudio
A1  - Cougoulat, Glenn
A1  - Cristiano, Luigia
A1  - Czifra, Tibor
A1  - Danesi, Stefania
A1  - Daniel, Romuald
A1  - Dannowski, Anke
A1  - Dasovic, Iva
A1  - Deschamps, Anne
A1  - Egdorf, Sven
A1  - Fiket, Tomislav
A1  - Fischer, Kasper
A1  - Funke, Sigward
A1  - Govoni, Aladino
A1  - Groschl, Gidera
A1  - Heimers, Stefan
A1  - Heit, Ben
A1  - Herak, Davorka
A1  - Huber, Johann
A1  - Jaric, Dejan
A1  - Jedlicka, Petr
A1  - Jund, Helene
A1  - Klingen, Stefan
A1  - Klotz, Bernhard
A1  - Kolinsky, Petr
A1  - Kotek, Josef
A1  - Kuhne, Lothar
A1  - Kuk, Kreso
A1  - Lange, Dietrich
A1  - Loos, Jurgen
A1  - Lovati, Sara
A1  - Malengros, Deny
A1  - Maron, Christophe
A1  - Martin, Xavier
A1  - Massa, Marco
A1  - Mazzarini, Francesco
A1  - Metral, Laurent
A1  - Moretti, Milena
A1  - Munzarova, Helena
A1  - Nardi, Anna
A1  - Pahor, Jurij
A1  - Pequegnat, Catherine
A1  - Petersen, Florian
A1  - Piccinini, Davide
A1  - Pondrelli, Silvia
A1  - Prevolnik, Snjezan
A1  - Racine, Roman
A1  - Regnier, Marc
A1  - Reiss, Miriam
A1  - Salimbeni, Simone
A1  - Santulin, Marco
A1  - Scherer, Werner
A1  - Schippkus, Sven
A1  - Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef
A1  - Solarino, Stefano
A1  - Spieker, Kathrin
A1  - Stipcevic, Josip
A1  - Strollo, Angelo
A1  - Sule, Balint
A1  - Szanyi, Gyongyver
A1  - Szucs, Eszter
A1  - Thorwart, Martin
A1  - Ueding, Stefan
A1  - Vallocchia, Massimiliano
A1  - Vecsey, Ludek
A1  - Voigt, Rene
A1  - Weidle, Christian
A1  - Weyland, Gauthier
A1  - Wiemer, Stefan
A1  - Wolf, Felix
A1  - Wolyniec, David
A1  - Zieke, Thomas
T1  - The AlpArray seismic network
BT  - a large-scale european experiment to image the alpine orogen
JF  - Surveys in Geophysics
N2  - The AlpArray programme is a multinational, European consortium to advance our understanding of orogenesis and its relationship to mantle dynamics, plate reorganizations, surface processes and seismic hazard in the Alps-Apennines-Carpathians-Dinarides orogenic system. The AlpArray Seismic Network has been deployed with contributions from 36 institutions from 11 countries to map physical properties of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in 3D and thus to obtain new, high-resolution geophysical images of structures from the surface down to the base of the mantle transition zone. With over 600 broadband stations operated for 2 years, this seismic experiment is one of the largest simultaneously operated seismological networks in the academic domain, employing hexagonal coverage with station spacing at less than 52 km. This dense and regularly spaced experiment is made possible by the coordinated coeval deployment of temporary stations from numerous national pools, including ocean-bottom seismometers, which were funded by different national agencies. They combine with permanent networks, which also required the cooperation of many different operators. Together these stations ultimately fill coverage gaps. Following a short overview of previous large-scale seismological experiments in the Alpine region, we here present the goals, construction, deployment, characteristics and data management of the AlpArray Seismic Network, which will provide data that is expected to be unprecedented in quality to image the complex Alpine mountains at depth.
KW  - Seismology
KW  - Alps
KW  - Seismic network
KW  - Geodynamics
KW  - Seismic imaging
KW  - Mountain building
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9472-4
SN  - 0169-3298
SN  - 1573-0956
VL  - 39
IS  - 5
SP  - 1009
EP  - 1033
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Monhonval, Arthur
A1  - Strauss, Jens
A1  - Thomas, Maxime
A1  - Hirst, Catherine
A1  - Titeux, Hugues
A1  - Louis, Justin
A1  - Gilliot, Alexia
A1  - D'Aische, Eleonore du Bois
A1  - Pereira, Benoit
A1  - Vandeuren, Aubry
A1  - Grosse, Guido
A1  - Schirrmeister, Lutz
A1  - Jongejans, Loeka Laura
A1  - Ulrich, Mathias
A1  - Opfergelt, Sophie
T1  - Thermokarst processes increase the supply of stabilizing surfaces and elements (Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca) for mineral-organic carbon interactions
JF  - Permafrost and periglacial processes
N2  - The stabilizing properties of mineral-organic carbon (OC) interactions have been studied in many soil environments (temperate soils, podzol lateritic soils, and paddy soils). Recently, interest in their role in permafrost regions is increasing as permafrost was identified as a hotspot of change. In thawing ice-rich permafrost regions, such as the Yedoma domain, 327-466 Gt of frozen OC is buried in deep sediments. Interactions between minerals and OC are important because OC is located very near the mineral matrix. Mineral surfaces and elements could mitigate recent and future greenhouse gas emissions through physical and/or physicochemical protection of OC. The dynamic changes in redox and pH conditions associated with thermokarst lake formation and drainage trigger metal-oxide dissolution and precipitation, likely influencing OC stabilization and microbial mineralization. However, the influence of thermokarst processes on mineral-OC interactions remains poorly constrained. In this study, we aim to characterize Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca minerals and their potential protective role for OC. Total and selective extractions were used to assess the crystalline and amorphous oxides or complexed metal pools as well as the organic acids found within these pools. We analyzed four sediment cores from an ice-rich permafrost area in Central Yakutia, which were drilled (i) in undisturbed Yedoma uplands, (ii) beneath a recent lake formed within Yedoma deposits, (iii) in a drained thermokarst lake basin, and (iv) beneath a mature thermokarst lake from the early Holocene period. We find a decrease in the amount of reactive Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca in the deposits on lake formation (promoting reduction reactions), and this was largely balanced by an increase in the amount of reactive metals in the deposits on lake drainage (promoting oxidation reactions). We demonstrate an increase in the metal to C molar ratio on thermokarst process, which may indicate an increase in metal-C bindings and could provide a higher protective role against microbial mineralization of organic matter. Finally, we find that an increase in mineral-OC interactions corresponded to a decrease in CO2 and CH4 gas emissions on thermokarst process. Mineral-OC interactions could mitigate greenhouse gas production from permafrost thaw as soon as lake drainage occurs.
KW  - Arctic
KW  - organic carbon stabilization
KW  - permafrost
KW  - redox processes
KW  - thaw
KW  - Yedoma
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2162
SN  - 1045-6740
SN  - 1099-1530
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
SP  - 452
EP  - 469
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Alqahtani, Obaid
A1  - Babics, Maxime
A1  - Gorenflot, Julien
A1  - Savikhin, Victoria
A1  - Ferron, Thomas
A1  - Balawi, Ahmed H.
A1  - Paulke, Andreas
A1  - Kan, Zhipeng
A1  - Pope, Michael
A1  - Clulow, Andrew J.
A1  - Wolf, Jannic
A1  - Burn, Paul L.
A1  - Gentle, Ian R.
A1  - Neher, Dieter
A1  - Toney, Michael F.
A1  - Laquai, Frederic
A1  - Beaujuge, Pierre M.
A1  - Collins, Brian A.
T1  - Mixed Domains Enhance Charge Generation and Extraction in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells with Small-Molecule Donors
JF  - Advanced energy materials
N2  - The interplay between nanomorphology and efficiency of polymer-fullerene bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells has been the subject of intense research, but the generality of these concepts for small-molecule (SM) BHJs remains unclear. Here, the relation between performance; charge generation, recombination, and extraction dynamics; and nanomorphology achievable with two SM donors benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b]dithiophene-pyrido[3,4-b]-pyrazine BDT(PPTh2)(2), namely SM1 and SM2, differing by their side-chains, are examined as a function of solution additive composition. The results show that the additive 1,8-diiodooctane acts as a plasticizer in the blends, increases domain size, and promotes ordering/crystallinity. Surprisingly, the system with high domain purity (SM1) exhibits both poor exciton harvesting and severe charge trapping, alleviated only slightly with increased crystallinity. In contrast, the system consisting of mixed domains and lower crystallinity (SM2) shows both excellent exciton harvesting and low charge recombination losses. Importantly, the onset of large, pure crystallites in the latter (SM2) system reduces efficiency, pointing to possible differences in the ideal morphologies for SM-based BHJ solar cells compared with polymer-fullerene devices. In polymer-based systems, tie chains between pure polymer crystals establish a continuous charge transport network, whereas SM-based active layers may in some cases require mixed domains that enable both aggregation and charge percolation to the electrodes.
KW  - charge transport
KW  - domain purity
KW  - microscopy
KW  - mixed domains
KW  - organic solar cells
KW  - photovoltaic devices
KW  - resonant X-ray scattering
KW  - small molecules
KW  - transient spectroscopy
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702941
SN  - 1614-6832
SN  - 1614-6840
VL  - 8
IS  - 19
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  -