TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hofman, Maarten P. G.
A1  - Hayward, M. W.
A1  - Heim, M.
A1  - Marchand, P.
A1  - Rolandsen, C. M.
A1  - Mattisson, Jenny
A1  - Urbano, F.
A1  - Heurich, M.
A1  - Mysterud, A.
A1  - Melzheimer, J.
A1  - Morellet, N.
A1  - Voigt, Ulrich
A1  - Allen, B. L.
A1  - Gehr, Benedikt
A1  - Rouco Zufiaurre, Carlos
A1  - Ullmann, Wiebke
A1  - Holand, O.
A1  - Jorgensen, n H.
A1  - Steinheim, G.
A1  - Cagnacci, F.
A1  - Kroeschel, M.
A1  - Kaczensky, P.
A1  - Buuveibaatar, B.
A1  - Payne, J. C.
A1  - Palmegiani, I
A1  - Jerina, K.
A1  - Kjellander, P.
A1  - Johansson, O.
A1  - LaPoint, S.
A1  - Bayrakcismith, R.
A1  - Linnell, J. D. C.
A1  - Zaccaroni, M.
A1  - Jorge, M. L. S.
A1  - Oshima, J. E. F.
A1  - Songhurst, A.
A1  - Fischer, C.
A1  - Mc Bride, R. T.
A1  - Thompson, J. J.
A1  - Streif, S.
A1  - Sandfort, R.
A1  - Bonenfant, Christophe
A1  - Drouilly, M.
A1  - Klapproth, M.
A1  - Zinner, Dietmar
A1  - Yarnell, Richard
A1  - Stronza, A.
A1  - Wilmott, L.
A1  - Meisingset, E.
A1  - Thaker, Maria
A1  - Vanak, A. T.
A1  - Nicoloso, S.
A1  - Graeber, R.
A1  - Said, S.
A1  - Boudreau, M. R.
A1  - Devlin, A.
A1  - Hoogesteijn, R.
A1  - May-Junior, J. A.
A1  - Nifong, J. C.
A1  - Odden, J.
A1  - Quigley, H. B.
A1  - Tortato, F.
A1  - Parker, D. M.
A1  - Caso, A.
A1  - Perrine, J.
A1  - Tellaeche, C.
A1  - Zieba, F.
A1  - Zwijacz-Kozica, T.
A1  - Appel, C. L.
A1  - Axsom, I
A1  - Bean, W. T.
A1  - Cristescu, B.
A1  - Periquet, S.
A1  - Teichman, K. J.
A1  - Karpanty, S.
A1  - Licoppe, A.
A1  - Menges, V
A1  - Black, K.
A1  - Scheppers, Thomas L.
A1  - Schai-Braun, S. C.
A1  - Azevedo, F. C.
A1  - Lemos, F. G.
A1  - Payne, A.
A1  - Swanepoel, L. H.
A1  - Weckworth, B.
A1  - Berger, A.
A1  - Bertassoni, Alessandra
A1  - McCulloch, G.
A1  - Sustr, P.
A1  - Athreya, V
A1  - Bockmuhl, D.
A1  - Casaer, J.
A1  - Ekori, A.
A1  - Melovski, D.
A1  - Richard-Hansen, C.
A1  - van de Vyver, D.
A1  - Reyna-Hurtado, R.
A1  - Robardet, E.
A1  - Selva, N.
A1  - Sergiel, A.
A1  - Farhadinia, M. S.
A1  - Sunde, P.
A1  - Portas, R.
A1  - Ambarli, Hüseyin
A1  - Berzins, R.
A1  - Kappeler, P. M.
A1  - Mann, G. K.
A1  - Pyritz, L.
A1  - Bissett, C.
A1  - Grant, T.
A1  - Steinmetz, R.
A1  - Swedell, Larissa
A1  - Welch, R. J.
A1  - Armenteras, D.
A1  - Bidder, O. R.
A1  - Gonzalez, T. M.
A1  - Rosenblatt, A.
A1  - Kachel, S.
A1  - Balkenhol, N.
T1  - Right on track?
BT  - Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216223
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Khattari, Z.
A1  - Ruschel, Y.
A1  - Wen, H. Z.
A1  - Fischer, Anna
A1  - Fischer, T. M.
T1  - Compactification of a myelin mimetic Langmuir monolayer upon adsorption and unfolding of myelin basic protein
N2  - The surface shear viscosity of a myelin mimetic Langmuir monolayer is investigated upon adsorption of myelin basic protein (MBP). We measure an increase of the surface shear viscosity at picomolar concentrations of the protein, suggesting that the globular conformation of MBP changes upon adsorption at the monolayer. The conformational change enables hydrodynamic interactions of the proteins, with a typical separation of hundreds of nanometers. This unfolding is essential for the compactification of the myelin sheath, serving an enhanced saltatory signal transduction in vertebrates. The viscometry used extends the sensitivity of standard surface viscometers toward lower viscosities
Y1  - 2005
SN  - 1520-6106
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meier, Johann Georg
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Fischer, Birgit
A1  - Thieme, Cathrin
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
A1  - Kremer, Friedrich
A1  - Öge, Tanja
A1  - Zentel, Rudolf
T1  - Optical suppression of Ferroelectricity in polysiloxane copolymers with chiral an potochromic side groups
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Bossdorf, Oliver
A1  - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Blüthgen, Nico
A1  - Bellach, Michaela
A1  - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Böhm, Stefan
A1  - Börschig, Carmen
A1  - Chatzinotas, Antonis
A1  - Christ, Sabina
A1  - Daniel, Rolf
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Fischer, Christiane
A1  - Friedl, Thomas
A1  - Glaser, Karin
A1  - Hallmann, Christine
A1  - Hodac, Ladislav
A1  - Hölzel, Norbert
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1  - Kleinebecker, Till
A1  - Krauss, Jochen
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Morris, E. Kathryn
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Nacke, Heiko
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Rillig, Matthias C.
A1  - Rothenwoehrer, Christoph
A1  - Schally, Peter
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Schulze, Waltraud X.
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Steckel, Juliane
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1  - Werner, Michael
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Wolters, Volkmar
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Gockel, Sonja
A1  - Gorke, Martin
A1  - Hemp, Andreas
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Pfeiffer, Simone
A1  - König-Ries, Birgitta
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
T1  - Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
KW  - biodiversity loss
KW  - agricultural grasslands
KW  - Biodiversity Exploratories
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111
SN  - 0027-8424
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
SP  - 308
EP  - 313
PB  - National Acad. of Sciences
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tucker, Marlee A.
A1  - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin
A1  - Fagan, William F.
A1  - Fryxell, John M.
A1  - Van Moorter, Bram
A1  - Alberts, Susan C.
A1  - Ali, Abdullahi H.
A1  - Allen, Andrew M.
A1  - Attias, Nina
A1  - Avgar, Tal
A1  - Bartlam-Brooks, Hattie
A1  - Bayarbaatar, Buuveibaatar
A1  - Belant, Jerrold L.
A1  - Bertassoni, Alessandra
A1  - Beyer, Dean
A1  - Bidner, Laura
A1  - van Beest, Floris M.
A1  - Blake, Stephen
A1  - Blaum, Niels
A1  - Bracis, Chloe
A1  - Brown, Danielle
A1  - de Bruyn, P. J. Nico
A1  - Cagnacci, Francesca
A1  - Calabrese, Justin M.
A1  - Camilo-Alves, Constanca
A1  - Chamaille-Jammes, Simon
A1  - Chiaradia, Andre
A1  - Davidson, Sarah C.
A1  - Dennis, Todd
A1  - DeStefano, Stephen
A1  - Diefenbach, Duane
A1  - Douglas-Hamilton, Iain
A1  - Fennessy, Julian
A1  - Fichtel, Claudia
A1  - Fiedler, Wolfgang
A1  - Fischer, Christina
A1  - Fischhoff, Ilya
A1  - Fleming, Christen H.
A1  - Ford, Adam T.
A1  - Fritz, Susanne A.
A1  - Gehr, Benedikt
A1  - Goheen, Jacob R.
A1  - Gurarie, Eliezer
A1  - Hebblewhite, Mark
A1  - Heurich, Marco
A1  - Hewison, A. J. Mark
A1  - Hof, Christian
A1  - Hurme, Edward
A1  - Isbell, Lynne A.
A1  - Janssen, Rene
A1  - Jeltsch, Florian
A1  - Kaczensky, Petra
A1  - Kane, Adam
A1  - Kappeler, Peter M.
A1  - Kauffman, Matthew
A1  - Kays, Roland
A1  - Kimuyu, Duncan
A1  - Koch, Flavia
A1  - Kranstauber, Bart
A1  - LaPoint, Scott
A1  - Leimgruber, Peter
A1  - Linnell, John D. C.
A1  - Lopez-Lopez, Pascual
A1  - Markham, A. Catherine
A1  - Mattisson, Jenny
A1  - Medici, Emilia Patricia
A1  - Mellone, Ugo
A1  - Merrill, Evelyn
A1  - Mourao, Guilherme de Miranda
A1  - Morato, Ronaldo G.
A1  - Morellet, Nicolas
A1  - Morrison, Thomas A.
A1  - Diaz-Munoz, Samuel L.
A1  - Mysterud, Atle
A1  - Nandintsetseg, Dejid
A1  - Nathan, Ran
A1  - Niamir, Aidin
A1  - Odden, John
A1  - Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R.
A1  - Olson, Kirk A.
A1  - Patterson, Bruce D.
A1  - de Paula, Rogerio Cunha
A1  - Pedrotti, Luca
A1  - Reineking, Bjorn
A1  - Rimmler, Martin
A1  - Rogers, Tracey L.
A1  - Rolandsen, Christer Moe
A1  - Rosenberry, Christopher S.
A1  - Rubenstein, Daniel I.
A1  - Safi, Kamran
A1  - Said, Sonia
A1  - Sapir, Nir
A1  - Sawyer, Hall
A1  - Schmidt, Niels Martin
A1  - Selva, Nuria
A1  - Sergiel, Agnieszka
A1  - Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin
A1  - Silva, Joao Paulo
A1  - Singh, Navinder
A1  - Solberg, Erling J.
A1  - Spiegel, Orr
A1  - Strand, Olav
A1  - Sundaresan, Siva
A1  - Ullmann, Wiebke
A1  - Voigt, Ulrich
A1  - Wall, Jake
A1  - Wattles, David
A1  - Wikelski, Martin
A1  - Wilmers, Christopher C.
A1  - Wilson, John W.
A1  - Wittemyer, George
A1  - Zieba, Filip
A1  - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz
A1  - Mueller, Thomas
T1  - Moving in the Anthropocene
BT  - global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements
JF  - Science
N2  - Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam9712
SN  - 0036-8075
SN  - 1095-9203
VL  - 359
IS  - 6374
SP  - 466
EP  - 469
PB  - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gonzalez Manrique, Sergio Javier
A1  - Kuckein, Christoph
A1  - Pastor Yabar, A.
A1  - Collados Vera, M.
A1  - Denker, Carsten
A1  - Fischer, C. E.
A1  - Gömöry, P.
A1  - Diercke, Andrea
A1  - Gonzalez, N. Bello
A1  - Schlichenmaier, R.
A1  - Balthasar, H.
A1  - Berkefeld, T.
A1  - Feller, A.
A1  - Hoch, S.
A1  - Hofmann, A.
A1  - Kneer, F.
A1  - Lagg, A.
A1  - Nicklas, H.
A1  - Orozco Suarez, D.
A1  - Schmidt, D.
A1  - Schmidt, W.
A1  - Sigwarth, M.
A1  - Sobotka, M.
A1  - Solanki, S. K.
A1  - Soltau, D.
A1  - Staude, J.
A1  - Strassmeier, Klaus G.
A1  - Verma, Meetu
A1  - Volkmer, R.
A1  - von der Lühe, O.
A1  - Waldmann, T.
T1  - Fitting peculiar spectral profiles in He I 10830 angstrom absorption features
JF  - Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes
N2  - The new generation of solar instruments provides better spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution for a better understanding of the physical processes that take place on the Sun. Multiple-component profiles are more commonly observed with these instruments. Particularly, the He i 10830 triplet presents such peculiar spectral profiles, which give information on the velocity and magnetic fine structure of the upper chromosphere. The purpose of this investigation is to describe a technique to efficiently fit the two blended components of the He i 10830 triplet, which are commonly observed when two atmospheric components are located within the same resolution element. The observations used in this study were taken on 2015 April 17 with the very fast spectroscopic mode of the GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS) attached to the 1.5-m GREGOR solar telescope, located at the Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. We apply a double-Lorentzian fitting technique using Levenberg-Marquardt least-squares minimization. This technique is very simple and much faster than inversion codes. Line-of-sight Doppler velocities can be inferred for a whole map of pixels within just a few minutes. Our results show sub-and supersonic downflow velocities of up to 32 km s(-1) for the fast component in the vicinity of footpoints of filamentary structures. The slow component presents velocities close to rest. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH& Co. KGaA, Weinheim
KW  - Sun: chromosphere
KW  - methods: data analysis
KW  - techniques: spectroscopic
KW  - line: profiles
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.201512433
SN  - 0004-6337
SN  - 1521-3994
VL  - 337
SP  - 1057
EP  - 1063
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Verma, Meetu
A1  - Denker, Carsten
A1  - Böhm, F.
A1  - Balthasar, H.
A1  - Fischer, C. E.
A1  - Kuckein, Christoph
A1  - Gonzalez, N. Bello
A1  - Berkefeld, T.
A1  - Collados Vera, M.
A1  - Diercke, Andrea
A1  - Feller, A.
A1  - Gonzalez Manrique, Sergio Javier
A1  - Hofmann, A.
A1  - Lagg, A.
A1  - Nicklas, H.
A1  - Orozco Suarez, D.
A1  - Pator Yabar, A.
A1  - Rezaei, R.
A1  - Schlichenmaier, R.
A1  - Schmidt, D.
A1  - Schmidt, W.
A1  - Sigwarth, M.
A1  - Sobotka, M.
A1  - Solanki, S. K.
A1  - Soltau, D.
A1  - Staude, J.
A1  - Strassmeier, Klaus G.
A1  - Volkmer, R.
A1  - von der Lühe, O.
A1  - Waldmann, T.
T1  - Flow and magnetic field properties in the trailing sunspots of active region NOAA 12396
JF  - Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes
N2  - Improved measurements of the photospheric and chromospheric three-dimensional magnetic and flow fields are crucial for a precise determination of the origin and evolution of active regions. We present an illustrative sample of multi-instrument data acquired during a two-week coordinated observing campaign in August 2015 involving, among others, the GREGOR solar telescope (imaging and near-infrared spectroscopy) and the space missions Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). The observations focused on the trailing part of active region NOAA 12396 with complex polarity inversion lines and strong intrusions of opposite polarity flux. The GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS) provided Stokes IQUV spectral profiles in the photospheric Si i.1082.7 nm line, the chromospheric He I lambda 1083.0 nm triplet, and the photospheric Ca I lambda 1083.9 nm line. Carefully calibrated GRIS scans of the active region provided maps of Doppler velocity and magnetic field at different atmospheric heights. We compare quick-look maps with those obtained with the " Stokes Inversions based on Response functions" (SIR) code, which furnishes deeper insight into the magnetic properties of the region. We find supporting evidence that newly emerging flux and intruding opposite polarity flux are hampering the formation of penumbrae, i.e., a penumbra fully surrounding a sunspot is only expected after cessation of flux emergence in proximity to the sunspots. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH& Co.KGaA, Weinheim
KW  - Sun: magnetic fields
KW  - sunspots
KW  - methods: data analysis
KW  - techniques: polarimetric
KW  - techniques: spectroscopic
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.201612447
SN  - 0004-6337
SN  - 1521-3994
VL  - 337
SP  - 1090
EP  - 1098
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arys, Xavier
A1  - Fischer, Peter
A1  - Jonas, Alain M.
A1  - Koetse, Marc M.
A1  - Legras, Roger
A1  - Laschewsky, André
A1  - Wischerhoff, Erik
T1  - Ordered polyelectrolyte multilayers : rules governing layering in organic binary multilayers
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shilon, I.
A1  - Kraus, M.
A1  - Büchele, M.
A1  - Egberts, Kathrin
A1  - Fischer, Tobias
A1  - Holch, Tim Lukas
A1  - Lohse, T.
A1  - Schwanke, U.
A1  - Steppa, Constantin Beverly
A1  - Funk, Stefan
T1  - Application of deep learning methods to analysis of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes data
JF  - Astroparticle physics
N2  - Ground based gamma-ray observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) play a significant role in the discovery of very high energy (E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emitters. The analysis of IACT data demands a highly efficient background rejection technique, as well as methods to accurately determine the position of its source in the sky and the energy of the recorded gamma-ray. We present results for background rejection and signal direction reconstruction from first studies of a novel data analysis scheme for IACT measurements. The new analysis is based on a set of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) applied to images from the four H.E.S.S. phase-I telescopes. As the H.E.S.S. cameras pixels are arranged in a hexagonal array, we demonstrate two ways to use such image data to train CNNs: by resampling the images to a square grid and by applying modified convolution kernels that conserve the hexagonal grid properties. The networks were trained on sets of Monte-Carlo simulated events and tested on both simulations and measured data from the H.E.S.S. array. A comparison between the CNN analysis to current state-of-the-art algorithms reveals a clear improvement in background rejection performance. When applied to H.E.S.S. observation data, the CNN direction reconstruction performs at a similar level as traditional methods. These results serve as a proof-of-concept for the application of CNNs to the analysis of events recorded by IACTs. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
KW  - Gamma-ray astronomy
KW  - IACT
KW  - Analysis technique
KW  - Deep learning
KW  - Convolutional neural networks
KW  - Recurrent neural networks
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.10.003
SN  - 0927-6505
SN  - 1873-2852
VL  - 105
SP  - 44
EP  - 53
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Menzel, Henning
A1  - Rüther, M.
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
T1  - Discrimination of structural order and chromophore aggregation as factors effecting the photo-reorientation of Azobenzene in copolyglutamate LB-films.
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
A1  - Rutloh, M.
A1  - Meier, Johann Georg
T1  - Photo-Induced orientation effects parallel and perpendicular to the polarization vector of the incident light observed in the same Azobenzene containing LC polymer.
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Menzel, Henning
A1  - Rüther, M.
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
T1  - Discrimination of structural order and chromophore aggregation as factors effecting the photo-reorientation of azobenzene in co-polyglutamate LB-films
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Simons, Nadja K.
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Lewinsohn, Thomas M.
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Resource-mediated indirect effects of grassland management on arthropod diversity
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - Intensive land use is a driving force for biodiversity decline in many ecosystems. In semi-natural grasslands, land-use activities such as mowing, grazing and fertilization affect the diversity of plants and arthropods, but the combined effects of different drivers and the chain of effects are largely unknown. In this study we used structural equation modelling to analyse how the arthropod communities in managed grasslands respond to land use and whether these responses are mediated through changes in resource diversity or resource quantity (biomass). Plants were considered resources for herbivores which themselves were considered resources for predators. Plant and arthropod (herbivores and predators) communities were sampled on 141 meadows, pastures and mown pastures within three regions in Germany in 2008 and 2009. Increasing land-use intensity generally increased plant biomass and decreased plant diversity, mainly through increasing fertilization. Herbivore diversity decreased together with plant diversity but showed no response to changes in plant biomass. Hence, land-use effects on herbivore diversity were mediated through resource diversity rather than quantity. Land-use effects on predator diversity were mediated by both herbivore diversity (resource diversity) and herbivore quantity (herbivore biomass), but indirect effects through resource quantity were stronger. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing both direct and indirect effects of land-use intensity and mode on different trophic levels. In addition to the overall effects, there were subtle differences between the different regions, pointing to the importance of regional land-use specificities. Our study underlines the commonly observed strong effect of grassland land use on biodiversity. It also highlights that mechanistic approaches help us to understand how different land-use modes affect biodiversity.
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107033
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 9
IS  - 9
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schatz, J.
A1  - Ohlendorf, B.
A1  - Busse, P.
A1  - Pelz, G.
A1  - Dolch, D.
A1  - Teubner, J.
A1  - Encarnacao, Jorge A.
A1  - Muehle, Ralf -Udo
A1  - Fischer, M.
A1  - Hoffmann, B.
A1  - Kwasnitschka, L.
A1  - Balkema-Buschmann, Anne
A1  - Mettenleiter, Thomas Christoph
A1  - Mueller, T.
A1  - Freuling, C. M.
T1  - Twenty years of active bat rabies surveillance in Germany
BT  - a detailed analysis and future perspectives
JF  - Epidemiology and infection
N2  - In Germany, active bat rabies surveillance was conducted between 1993 and 2012. A total of 4546 oropharyngeal swab samples from 18 bat species were screened for the presence of EBLV-1- , EBLV-2- and BBLV-specific RNA. Overall, 0 center dot 15% of oropharyngeal swab samples tested EBLV-1 positive, with the majority originating from Eptesicus serotinus. Interestingly, out of seven RT-PCR-positive oropharyngeal swabs subjected to virus isolation, viable virus was isolated from a single serotine bat (E. serotinus). Additionally, about 1226 blood samples were tested serologically, and varying virus neutralizing antibody titres were found in at least eight different bat species. The detection of viral RNA and seroconversion in repeatedly sampled serotine bats indicates long-term circulation of the virus in a particular bat colony. The limitations of random-based active bat rabies surveillance over passive bat rabies surveillance and its possible application of targeted approaches for future research activities on bat lyssavirus dynamics and maintenance are discussed.
KW  - surveillance
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - Bat rabies
KW  - lyssavirus
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268813002185
SN  - 0950-2688
SN  - 1469-4409
VL  - 142
IS  - 6
SP  - 1155
EP  - 1166
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hairston, Nelson G.
A1  - Holtmeier, C. L.
A1  - Lampert, W.
A1  - Weider, L. J.
A1  - Post, D. M.
A1  - Fischer, J. M.
A1  - Caceres, C. E.
A1  - Fox, J. A.
A1  - Gaedke, Ursula
T1  - Natural selection for grazer resistance to toxic cyanobacteria: Evolution of phenotypic plasticity?
Y1  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Schatz, Juliane
A1  - Ohlendorf, Bernd
A1  - Busse, Peter
A1  - Pelz, Gerrit
A1  - Dolch, Dietrich
A1  - Teubner, Jens
A1  - Encarnacao, Jorge A.
A1  - Mühle, Ralf-Udo
A1  - Fischer, M.
A1  - Hoffmann, Bernd
A1  - Kwasnitschka, Linda
A1  - Balkema-Buschmann, Anne
A1  - Mettenleiter, Thomas Christoph
A1  - Müller, T.
A1  - Freuling, Conrad M.
T1  - Twenty years of active bat rabies surveillance in Germany
BT  - a detailed analysis and future perspectives
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - In Germany, active bat rabies surveillance was conducted between 1993 and 2012. A total of 4546 oropharyngeal swab samples from 18 bat species were screened for the presence of EBLV-1- , EBLV-2- and BBLV-specific RNA. Overall, 0 center dot 15% of oropharyngeal swab samples tested EBLV-1 positive, with the majority originating from Eptesicus serotinus. Interestingly, out of seven RT-PCR-positive oropharyngeal swabs subjected to virus isolation, viable virus was isolated from a single serotine bat (E. serotinus). Additionally, about 1226 blood samples were tested serologically, and varying virus neutralizing antibody titres were found in at least eight different bat species. The detection of viral RNA and seroconversion in repeatedly sampled serotine bats indicates long-term circulation of the virus in a particular bat colony. The limitations of random-based active bat rabies surveillance over passive bat rabies surveillance and its possible application of targeted approaches for future research activities on bat lyssavirus dynamics and maintenance are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 533 
KW  - Bat rabies
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - lyssavirus
KW  - surveillance
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415140
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 533
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lozada Gobilard, Sissi Donna
A1  - Weigend, M.
A1  - Fischer, E.
A1  - Janssens, S. B.
A1  - Ackermann, M.
A1  - Abrahamczyk, Stefan
T1  - Breeding systems in Balsaminaceae in relation to pollen/ovule ratio, pollination syndromes, life history and climate zone
JF  - Plant biology
N2  - Pollen/ovule (P/O) ratios are often used as proxy for breeding systems. Here, we investigate the relations between breeding systems and P/O ratios, pollination syndromes, life history and climate zone in Balsaminaceae. We conducted controlled breeding system experiments (autonomous and active self-pollination and outcrossing tests) for 65 Balsaminaceae species, analysed pollen grain and ovule numbers and evaluated the results in combination with data on pollination syndrome, life history and climate zone on a phylogenetic basis. Based on fruit set, we assigned three breeding systems: autogamy, self-compatibility and self-incompatibility. Self-pollination led to lower fruit set than outcrossing. We neither found significant P/O differences between breeding systems nor between pollination syndromes. However, the numbers of pollen grains and ovules per flower were significantly lower in autogamous species, but pollen grain and ovule numbers did not differ between most pollination syndromes. Finally, we found no relation between breeding system and climate zone, but a relation between climate zone and life history. In Balsaminaceae reproductive traits can change under resource or pollinator limitation, leading to the evolution of autogamy, but are evolutionary rather constant and not under strong selection pressure by pollinator guild and geographic range changes. Colonisation of temperate regions, however, is correlated with transitions towards annual life history. Pollen/ovule-ratios, commonly accepted as good indicators of breeding system, have a low predictive value in Balsaminaceae. In the absence of experimental data on breeding system, additional floral traits (overall pollen grain and ovule number, traits of floral morphology) may be used as proxies.
KW  - Annual
KW  - autogamy
KW  - cleistogamy
KW  - evolution
KW  - fly pollination
KW  - Impatiens
KW  - outcrossing
KW  - perennial
KW  - self-incompatibility
KW  - temperate
KW  - tropical
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12905
SN  - 1435-8603
SN  - 1438-8677
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SP  - 157
EP  - 166
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Noonan, Michael J.
A1  - Tucker, Marlee A.
A1  - Fleming, Christen H.
A1  - Akre, Thomas S.
A1  - Alberts, Susan C.
A1  - Ali, Abdullahi H.
A1  - Altmann, Jeanne
A1  - Antunes, Pamela Castro
A1  - Belant, Jerrold L.
A1  - Beyer, Dean
A1  - Blaum, Niels
A1  - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin
A1  - Cullen Jr, Laury
A1  - de Paula, Rogerio Cunha
A1  - Dekker, Jasja
A1  - Drescher-Lehman, Jonathan
A1  - Farwig, Nina
A1  - Fichtel, Claudia
A1  - Fischer, Christina
A1  - Ford, Adam T.
A1  - Goheen, Jacob R.
A1  - Janssen, Rene
A1  - Jeltsch, Florian
A1  - Kauffman, Matthew
A1  - Kappeler, Peter M.
A1  - Koch, Flavia
A1  - LaPoint, Scott
A1  - Markham, A. Catherine
A1  - Medici, Emilia Patricia
A1  - Morato, Ronaldo G.
A1  - Nathan, Ran
A1  - Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R.
A1  - Olson, Kirk A.
A1  - Patterson, Bruce D.
A1  - Paviolo, Agustin
A1  - Ramalho, Emiliano Estero
A1  - Rosner, Sascha
A1  - Schabo, Dana G.
A1  - Selva, Nuria
A1  - Sergiel, Agnieszka
A1  - da Silva, Marina Xavier
A1  - Spiegel, Orr
A1  - Thompson, Peter
A1  - Ullmann, Wiebke
A1  - Zieba, Filip
A1  - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz
A1  - Fagan, William F.
A1  - Mueller, Thomas
A1  - Calabrese, Justin M.
T1  - A comprehensive analysis of autocorrelation and bias in home range estimation
JF  - Ecological monographs : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.
N2  - Home range estimation is routine practice in ecological research. While advances in animal tracking technology have increased our capacity to collect data to support home range analysis, these same advances have also resulted in increasingly autocorrelated data. Consequently, the question of which home range estimator to use on modern, highly autocorrelated tracking data remains open. This question is particularly relevant given that most estimators assume independently sampled data. Here, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of autocorrelation on home range estimation. We base our study on an extensive data set of GPS locations from 369 individuals representing 27 species distributed across five continents. We first assemble a broad array of home range estimators, including Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) with four bandwidth optimizers (Gaussian reference function, autocorrelated‐Gaussian reference function [AKDE], Silverman's rule of thumb, and least squares cross‐validation), Minimum Convex Polygon, and Local Convex Hull methods. Notably, all of these estimators except AKDE assume independent and identically distributed (IID) data. We then employ half‐sample cross‐validation to objectively quantify estimator performance, and the recently introduced effective sample size for home range area estimation ( N̂ area
) to quantify the information content of each data set. We found that AKDE 95% area estimates were larger than conventional IID‐based estimates by a mean factor of 2. The median number of cross‐validated locations included in the hold‐out sets by AKDE 95% (or 50%) estimates was 95.3% (or 50.1%), confirming the larger AKDE ranges were appropriately selective at the specified quantile. Conversely, conventional estimates exhibited negative bias that increased with decreasing N̂ area. To contextualize our empirical results, we performed a detailed simulation study to tease apart how sampling frequency, sampling duration, and the focal animal's movement conspire to affect range estimates. Paralleling our empirical results, the simulation study demonstrated that AKDE was generally more accurate than conventional methods, particularly for small N̂ area. While 72% of the 369 empirical data sets had >1,000 total observations, only 4% had an N̂ area >1,000, where 30% had an N̂ area <30. In this frequently encountered scenario of small N̂ area, AKDE was the only estimator capable of producing an accurate home range estimate on autocorrelated data.
KW  - animal movement
KW  - kernel density estimation
KW  - local convex hull
KW  - minimum convex polygon
KW  - range distribution
KW  - space use
KW  - telemetry
KW  - tracking data
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1344
SN  - 0012-9615
SN  - 1557-7015
VL  - 89
IS  - 2
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dallmeyer, A.
A1  - Claussen, M.
A1  - Fischer, N.
A1  - Haberkorn, K.
A1  - Wagner, S.
A1  - Pfeiffer, M.
A1  - Jin, L.
A1  - Khon, V.
A1  - Wang, Y.
A1  - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1  - The evolution of sub-monsoon systems in the Afro-Asian monsoon region during the Holocene - comparison of different transient climate model simulations
JF  - Climate of the past : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2  - The recently proposed global monsoon hypothesis interprets monsoon systems as part of one global-scale atmospheric overturning circulation, implying a connection between the regional monsoon systems and an in-phase behaviour of all northern hemispheric monsoons on annual timescales (Trenberth et al., 2000). Whether this concept can be applied to past climates and variability on longer timescales is still under debate, because the monsoon systems exhibit different regional characteristics such as different seasonality (i. e. onset, peak and withdrawal). To investigate the interconnection of different monsoon systems during the pre-industrial Holocene, five transient global climate model simulations have been analysed with respect to the rainfall trend and variability in different sub-domains of the Afro-Asian monsoon region. Our analysis suggests that on millennial timescales with varying orbital forcing, the monsoons do not behave as a tightly connected global system. According to the models, the Indian and North African monsoons are coupled, showing similar rainfall trend and moderate correlation in centennial rainfall variability in all models. The East Asian monsoon changes independently during the Holocene. The dissimilarities in the seasonality of the monsoon sub-systems lead to a stronger response of the North African and Indian monsoon systems to the Holocene insolation forcing than of the East Asian monsoon and affect the seasonal distribution of Holocene rainfall variations. Within the Indian and North African monsoon domain, precipitation solely changes during the summer months, showing a decreasing Holocene precipitation trend. In the East Asian monsoon region, the precipitation signal is determined by an increasing precipitation trend during spring and a decreasing precipitation change during summer, partly balancing each other. A synthesis of reconstructions and the model results do not reveal an impact of the different seasonality on the timing of the Holocene rainfall optimum in the different sub-monsoon systems. Rather they indicate locally inhomogeneous rainfall changes and show that single palaeo-records should not be used to characterise the rainfall change and monsoon evolution for entire monsoon sub-systems.
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-305-2015
SN  - 1814-9324
SN  - 1814-9332
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 305
EP  - 326
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Lewinsohn, Thomas M.
A1  - Kahl, Tiemo
A1  - Grassein, Fabrice
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Sikorski, Johannes
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Arndt, Hartmut
A1  - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1  - Blaser, Stefan
A1  - Blüthgen, Nico
A1  - Börschig, Carmen
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Jorge, Leonardo Re
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Keyel, Alexander C.
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Klemmer, Sandra
A1  - Krauss, Jochen
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Overmann, Jörg
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Penone, Caterina
A1  - Perovic, David J.
A1  - Purschke, Oliver
A1  - Schall, Peter
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1  - Tschapka, Marco
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Venter, Paul Christiaan
A1  - Weiner, Christiane N.
A1  - Werner, Michael
A1  - Wolters, Volkmar
A1  - Wurst, Susanne
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Allan, Eric
T1  - Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities
JF  - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
N2  - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss(1,2). Alongside reductions in local species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for conservation. Biotic homogenization means a decrease in beta-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites). Most studies have investigated losses in local (alpha)-diversity(1,3) and neglected biodiversity loss at larger spatial scales. Studies addressing beta-diversity have focused on single or a few organism groups (for example, ref. 4), and it is thus unknown whether land-use intensification homogenizes communities at different trophic levels, above-and belowground. Here we show that even moderate increases in local land-use intensity (LUI) cause biotic homogenization across microbial, plant and animal groups, both above- and belowground, and that this is largely independent of changes in alpha-diversity. We analysed a unique grassland biodiversity dataset, with abundances of more than 4,000 species belonging to 12 trophic groups. LUI, and, in particular, high mowing intensity, had consistent effects on beta-diversity across groups, causing a homogenization of soil microbial, fungal pathogen, plant and arthropod communities. These effects were nonlinear and the strongest declines in beta-diversity occurred in the transition from extensively managed to intermediate intensity grassland. LUI tended to reduce local alpha-diversity in aboveground groups, whereas the alpha-diversity increased in belowground groups. Correlations between the alpha-diversity of different groups, particularly between plants and their consumers, became weaker at high LUI. This suggests a loss of specialist species and is further evidence for biotic homogenization. The consistently negative effects of LUI on landscape-scale biodiversity underscore the high value of extensively managed grasslands for conserving multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Indeed, biotic homogenization rather than local diversity loss could prove to be the most substantial consequence of land-use intensification.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20575
SN  - 0028-0836
SN  - 1476-4687
VL  - 540
SP  - 266
EP  - +
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Dallmeyer, Anne
A1  - Claussen, M.
A1  - Fischer, N.
A1  - Haberkorn, K.
A1  - Wagner, S.
A1  - Pfeiffer, M.
A1  - Jin, L.
A1  - Khon, Vyacheslav
A1  - Wang, Y.
A1  - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1  - The evolution of sub-monsoon systems in the Afro-Asian monsoon region during the Holocene
BT  - comparison of different transient climate model simulations
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The recently proposed global monsoon hypothesis interprets monsoon systems as part of one global-scale atmospheric overturning circulation, implying a connection between the regional monsoon systems and an in-phase behaviour of all northern hemispheric monsoons on annual timescales (Trenberth et al., 2000). Whether this concept can be applied to past climates and variability on longer timescales is still under debate, because the monsoon systems exhibit different regional characteristics such as different seasonality (i. e. onset, peak and withdrawal). To investigate the interconnection of different monsoon systems during the pre-industrial Holocene, five transient global climate model simulations have been analysed with respect to the rainfall trend and variability in different sub-domains of the Afro-Asian monsoon region. Our analysis suggests that on millennial timescales with varying orbital forcing, the monsoons do not behave as a tightly connected global system. According to the models, the Indian and North African monsoons are coupled, showing similar rainfall trend and moderate correlation in centennial rainfall variability in all models. The East Asian monsoon changes independently during the Holocene. The dissimilarities in the seasonality of the monsoon sub-systems lead to a stronger response of the North African and Indian monsoon systems to the Holocene insolation forcing than of the East Asian monsoon and affect the seasonal distribution of Holocene rainfall variations. Within the Indian and North African monsoon domain, precipitation solely changes during the summer months, showing a decreasing Holocene precipitation trend. In the East Asian monsoon region, the precipitation signal is determined by an increasing precipitation trend during spring and a decreasing precipitation change during summer, partly balancing each other. A synthesis of reconstructions and the model results do not reveal an impact of the different seasonality on the timing of the Holocene rainfall optimum in the different sub-monsoon systems. Rather they indicate locally inhomogeneous rainfall changes and show that single palaeo-records should not be used to characterise the rainfall change and monsoon evolution for entire monsoon sub-systems.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 587 
KW  - summer monsoon
KW  - global monsoon
KW  - indian monsoon
KW  - high-resolution
KW  - cave records
KW  - variability
KW  - precipitation
KW  - circulation
KW  - insolation
KW  - rainfall
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409727
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 587
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mrochen, Daniel M.
A1  - Schulz, Daniel
A1  - Fischer, Stefan
A1  - Jeske, Kathrin
A1  - El Gohary, Heba
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Imholt, Christian
A1  - Truebe, Patricia
A1  - Suchomel, Josef
A1  - Tricaud, Emilie
A1  - Jacob, Jens
A1  - Heroldova, Marta
A1  - Bröker, Barbara M.
A1  - Strommenger, Birgit
A1  - Walther, Birgit
A1  - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1  - Holtfreter, Silva
T1  - Wild rodents and shrews are natural hosts of Staphylococcus aureus
JF  - International Journal of Medical Microbiology
N2  - Laboratory mice are the most commonly used animal model for Staphylococcus aureus infection studies. We have previously shown that laboratory mice from global vendors are frequently colonized with S. aureus. Laboratory mice originate from wild house mice. Hence, we investigated whether wild rodents, including house mice, as well as shrews are naturally colonized with S. aureus and whether S. aureus adapts to the wild animal host. 295 animals of ten different species were caught in different locations over four years (2012-2015) in Germany, France and the Czech Republic. 45 animals were positive for S. aureus (15.3%). Three animals were co-colonized with two different isolates, resulting in 48 S. aureus isolates in total. Positive animals were found in Germany and the Czech Republic in each studied year. The S. aureus isolates belonged to ten different spa types, which grouped into six lineages (clonal complex (CC) 49, CC88, CC130, CC1956, sequence type (ST) 890, ST3033). CC49 isolates were most abundant (17/48, 35.4%), followed by CC1956 (14/48, 29.2%) and ST890 (9/48, 18.8%). The wild animal isolates lacked certain properties that are common among human isolates, e.g., a phage-encoded immune evasion cluster, superantigen genes on mobile genetic elements and antibiotic resistance genes, which suggests long-term adaptation to the wild animal host. One CC130 isolate contained the mecC gene, implying wild rodents might be both reservoir and vector for methicillin-resistant. In conclusion, we demonstrated that wild rodents and shrews are naturally colonized with S. aureus, and that those S. aureus isolates show signs of host adaptation.
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
KW  - Colonization
KW  - Wild mice
KW  - Host adaptation
KW  - Immune evasion cluster
KW  - mecC
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.09.014
SN  - 1438-4221
SN  - 1618-0607
VL  - 308
IS  - 6
SP  - 590
EP  - 597
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Jena
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Göbel, Silke M.
A1  - McCrink, Koleen
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
T1  - Observation of directional storybook reading influences young children’s counting direction
JF  - Journal of experimental child psychology
N2  - Even before formal schooling, children map numbers onto space in a directional manner. The origin of this preliterate spatial–numerical association is still debated. We investigated the role of enculturation for shaping the directionality of the association between numbers and space, focusing on counting behavior in 3- to 5-year-old preliterate children. Two studies provide evidence that, after observing reading from storybooks (left-to-right or right-to-left reading) children change their counting direction in line with the direction of observed reading. Just observing visuospatial directional movements had no such effect on counting direction. Complementarily, we document that book illustrations, prevalent in children’s cultures, exhibit directionality that conforms to the direction of a culture’s written language. We propose that shared book reading activates spatiotemporal representations of order in young children, which in turn affect their spatial representation of numbers.
KW  - Counting direction
KW  - Cross-cultural
KW  - Mental number line
KW  - Reading
KW  - Spatial-numerical association
KW  - Preschool children
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2017.08.001
SN  - 0022-0965
SN  - 1096-0457
VL  - 166
SP  - 49
EP  - 66
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bilz, Ludwig
A1  - Steger, Jette
A1  - Fischer, Saskia M.
A1  - Schubarth, Wilfried
A1  - Kunze, Ulrike
ED  - Bilz, Ludwig
ED  - Schubarth, Wilfried
ED  - Dudziak, Ines
ED  - Fischer, Saskia M.
ED  - Niproschke, Saskia
ED  - Ulbricht, Juliane
T1  - Zur Bedeutung des Gewaltverständnisses von Lehrkräften für ihren Umgang mit Mobbing
T2  - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-7815-2095-0
SP  - 205
EP  - 217
PB  - Klinkhardt
CY  - Bad Heilbrunn
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fischer, Saskia M.
A1  - Ulbricht, Juliane
ED  - Bilz, Ludwig
ED  - Schubarth, Wilfried
ED  - Dudziak, Ines
ED  - Fischer, Saskia M.
ED  - Niproschke, Saskia
ED  - Ulbricht, Juliane
T1  - Welche Interventionskompetenzen sind für das Lehrerhandeln in Gewalt- und Mobbingsituationen besonders bedeutsam?
T2  - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-3-7815-2095-0
SP  - 255
EP  - 275
PB  - Klinkhardt
CY  - Bad Heilbrunn
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Riemenschneider, Dieter
A1  - Sarkowsky, K.
A1  - Stroh, S.
A1  - Schulze-Engler, F.
A1  - Matzke, C.
A1  - Meier, A.
A1  - Wegner, M.
A1  - Stein, Mark
A1  - Fischer, J.
A1  - Riemenschneider, K.
T1  - Postcolonial theory : the emergence of a critical discourse ; a selected and annotated bibliography
T3  - ZAA Studies : language literature culture
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 3-86057-746-8
VL  - 17
PB  - Stauffenburg-Verl.
CY  - Tübingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Hock, M.
A1  - Paschke, Matthias
T1  - Low genetic variation reduces cross-compatibility and offspring fitness in populations of a narrow endemic plant with a self-incompatibility system
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 1566-0621
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Lienert, J.
A1  - Schneller, J.
A1  - Diemer, M.
T1  - Local extinctions of the wetland specialist Swertia perennis : a revistation study based on herbarium records
Y1  - 2002
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartmann, Bianca
A1  - Wai, Timothy
A1  - Hu, Hao
A1  - MacVicar, Thomas
A1  - Musante, Luciana
A1  - Fischer-Zirnsak, Björn
A1  - Stenzel, Werner
A1  - Gräf, Ralph
A1  - van den Heuvel, Lambert
A1  - Ropers, Hans-Hilger
A1  - Wienker, Thomas F.
A1  - Hübner, Christoph
A1  - Langer, Thomas
A1  - Kaindl, Angela M.
T1  - Homozygous YME1L1 Mutation Causes Mitochondriopathy with Optic Atrophy and Mitochondrial Network Fragmentation
JF  - eLife
N2  - Mitochondriopathies often present clinically as multisystemic disorders of primarily high-energy consuming organs. Assembly, turnover, and surveillance of mitochondrial proteins are essential for mitochondrial function and a key task of AAA family members of metalloproteases. We identified a homozygous mutation in the nuclear encoded mitochondrial escape 1-like 1 gene YME1L1, member of the AAA protease family, as a cause of a novel mitochondriopathy in a consanguineous pedigree of Saudi Arabian descent. The homozygous missense mutation, located in a highly conserved region in the mitochondrial pre-sequence, inhibits cleavage of YME1L1 by the mitochondrial processing peptidase, which culminates in the rapid degradation of YME1L1 precursor protein. Impaired YME1L1 function causes a proliferation defect and mitochondrial network fragmentation due to abnormal processing of OPA1. Our results identify mutations in YME1L1 as a cause of a mitochondriopathy with optic nerve atrophy highlighting the importance of YME1L1 for mitochondrial functionality in humans.
KW  - YME1L1
KW  - mitochondriopathy
KW  - intellectual disability
KW  - optic atrophy
KW  - OPA1
KW  - mitochondrial fragmentation
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.16078
SN  - 2050-084X
VL  - 5
SP  - 1156
EP  - 1165
PB  - eLife Sciences Publications
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Neumann, Bettina
A1  - Kielb, Patrycja
A1  - Rustam, Lina
A1  - Fischer, Anna
A1  - Weidinger, Inez M.
A1  - Wollenberger, Ulla
T1  - Bioelectrocatalytic Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide by Microperoxidase-11 Immobilized on Mesoporous Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide
JF  - ChemElectrChem
N2  - The heme-undecapeptide microperoxidase-11 (MP-11) was immobilized on mesoporous antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) thin-film electrodes modified with the positively charged binding promotor polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride. Surface concentrations of MP-11 of 1.5 nmol cm(-2) were sufficiently high to enable spectroelectrochemical analyses. UV/Vis spectroscopy and resonance Raman spectroscopy revealed that immobilized MP-11 adopts a six-coordinated low-spin conformation, as in solution in the presence of a polycation. Cathodic reduction of hydrogen peroxide at potentials close to +500mV versus Ag/AgCl indicates that the reaction proceeds via a Compound I-type like intermediate, analogous to natural peroxidases, and confirms mesoporous ATO as a suitable host material for adsorbing the heme-peptide in its native state. A hydrogen peroxide sensor is proposed by using the bioelectrocatalytic properties of the MP-11-modified ATO.
KW  - electrochemistry
KW  - enzyme catalysis
KW  - mesoporous materials
KW  - microperoxidase
KW  - spectroelectrochemistry
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201600776
SN  - 2196-0216
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
SP  - 913
EP  - 919
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jetzschmann, Katharina J.
A1  - Yarman, Aysu
A1  - Rustam, L.
A1  - Kielb, P.
A1  - Urlacher, V. B.
A1  - Fischer, A.
A1  - Weidinger, I. M.
A1  - Wollenberger, Ulla
A1  - Scheller, Frieder W.
T1  - Molecular LEGO by domain-imprinting of cytochrome P450 BM3
JF  - Colloids and surfaces : an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research on colloid and interfacial phenomena in relation to systems of biological origin ; B, Biointerfaces
N2  - Hypothesis: Electrosynthesis of the MIP nano-film after binding of the separated domains or holocytochrome BM3 via an engineered anchor should result in domain-specific cavities in the polymer layer. Experiments: Both the two domains and the holo P450 BM3 have been bound prior polymer deposition via a N-terminal engineered his6-anchor to the electrode surface. Each step of MIP preparation was characterized by cyclic voltammetry of the redox-marker ferricyanide. Rebinding after template removal was evaluated by quantifying the suppression of the diffusive permeability of the signal for ferricyanide and by the NADH-dependent reduction of cytochrome c by the reductase domain (BMR). Findings: The working hypothesis is verified by the discrimination of the two domains by the respective MIPs: The holoenzyme P450 BM3 was ca. 5.5 times more effectively recognized by the film imprinted with the oxidase domain (BMO) as compared to the BMR-MIP or the non-imprinted polymer (NIP). Obviously, a cavity is formed during the imprinting process around the hiss-tag-anchored BMR which cannot accommodate the broader BMO or the P450 BM3. The affinity of the MIP towards P450 BM3 is comparable with that to the monomer in solution. The hiss-tagged P450 BM3 binds (30 percent) stronger which shows the additive effect of the interaction with the MIP and the binding to the electrode.
KW  - Molecularly imprinted polymers
KW  - Protein imprinting
KW  - Electropolymerization
KW  - Cytochrome P450
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.047
SN  - 0927-7765
SN  - 1873-4367
VL  - 164
SP  - 240
EP  - 246
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zalden, Peter
A1  - Quirin, Florian
A1  - Schumacher, Mathias
A1  - Siegel, Jan
A1  - Wei, Shuai
A1  - Koc, Azize
A1  - Nicoul, Matthieu
A1  - Trigo, Mariano
A1  - Andreasson, Pererik
A1  - Enquist, Henrik
A1  - Shu, Michael J.
A1  - Pardini, Tommaso
A1  - Chollet, Matthieu
A1  - Zhu, Diling
A1  - Lemke, Henrik
A1  - Ronneberger, Ider
A1  - Larsson, Jörgen
A1  - Lindenberg, Aaron M.
A1  - Fischer, Henry E.
A1  - Hau-Riege, Stefan
A1  - Reis, David A.
A1  - Mazzarello, Riccardo
A1  - Wuttig, Matthias
A1  - Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus
T1  - Femtosecond x-ray diffraction reveals a liquid-liquid phase transition in phase-change materials
JF  - Science
N2  - In phase-change memory devices, a material is cycled between glassy and crystalline states. The highly temperature-dependent kinetics of its crystallization process enables application in memory technology, but the transition has not been resolved on an atomic scale. Using femtosecond x-ray diffraction and ab initio computer simulations, we determined the time-dependent pair-correlation function of phase-change materials throughout the melt-quenching and crystallization process. We found a liquid-liquid phase transition in the phase-change materials Ag4In3Sb67Te26 and Ge15Sb85 at 660 and 610 kelvin, respectively. The transition is predominantly caused by the onset of Peierls distortions, the amplitude of which correlates with an increase of the apparent activation energy of diffusivity. This reveals a relationship between atomic structure and kinetics, enabling a systematic optimization of the memory-switching kinetics.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw1773
SN  - 0036-8075
SN  - 1095-9203
VL  - 364
IS  - 6445
SP  - 1062
EP  - 1067
PB  - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schall, Peter
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Heinrichs, Steffi
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Baumgartner, Vanessa
A1  - Blaser, Stefan
A1  - Böhm, Stefan
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Daniel, Rolf
A1  - Goldmann, Kezia
A1  - Kaiser, Kristin
A1  - Kahl, Tiemo
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Müller, Jörg Hans
A1  - Overmann, Jörg
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Sikorski, Johannes
A1  - Tschapka, Marco
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Wemheuer, Bernd
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Ammer, Christian
T1  - The impact of even-aged and uneven-aged forest management on regional biodiversity of multiple taxa in European beech forests
JF  - Journal of applied ecology : an official journal of the British Ecological Society
N2  - 1. For managed temperate forests, conservationists and policymakers favour fine-grained uneven-aged (UEA) management over more traditional coarse-grained even-aged (EA) management, based on the assumption that within-stand habitat heterogeneity enhances biodiversity. There is, however, little empirical evidence to support this assumption. We investigated for the first time how differently grained forest management systems affect the biodiversity of multiple above- and below-ground taxa across spatial scales. 2. We sampled 15 taxa of animals, plants, fungi and bacteria within the largest contiguous beech forest landscape of Germany and classified them into functional groups. Selected forest stands have been managed for more than a century at different spatial grains. The EA (coarse-grained management) and UEA (fine-grained) forests are comparable in spatial arrangement, climate and soil conditions. These were compared to forests of a nearby national park that have been unmanaged for at least 20years. We used diversity accumulation curves to compare -diversity for Hill numbers D-0 (species richness), D-1 (Shannon diversity) and D-2 (Simpson diversity) between the management systems. Beta diversity was quantified as multiple-site dissimilarity. 3. Gamma diversity was higher in EA than in UEA forests for at least one of the three Hill numbers for six taxa (up to 77%), while eight showed no difference. Only bacteria showed the opposite pattern. Higher -diversity in EA forests was also found for forest specialists and saproxylic beetles. 4. Between-stand -diversity was higher in EA than in UEA forests for one-third (all species) and half (forest specialists) of all taxa, driven by environmental heterogeneity between age-classes, while -diversity showed no directional response across taxa or for forest specialists. 5. Synthesis and applications. Comparing EA and uneven-aged forest management in Central European beech forests, our results show that a mosaic of different age-classes is more important for regional biodiversity than high within-stand heterogeneity. We suggest reconsidering the current trend of replacing even-aged management in temperate forests. Instead, the variability of stages and stand structures should be increased to promote landscape-scale biodiversity.
KW  - beta diversity
KW  - forest specialists
KW  - gamma diversity
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - Hill numbers
KW  - saproxylic beetles
KW  - spatial grain
KW  - species accumulation curve
KW  - species richness
KW  - species turnover
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12950
SN  - 0021-8901
SN  - 1365-2664
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
SP  - 267
EP  - 278
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian Tobias
A1  - Ptacnik, Robert
A1  - Hillebrand, Helmut
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Temperton, Vicky M.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Biodiversity-multifunctionality relationships depend on identity and number of measured functions
JF  - Nature Ecology & Evolution
N2  - Biodiversity ensures ecosystem functioning and provisioning of ecosystem services, but it remains unclear how biodiversity-ecosystem multifunctionality relationships depend on the identity and number of functions considered. Here, we demonstrate that ecosystem multifunctionality, based on 82 indicator variables of ecosystem functions in a grassland biodiversity experiment, increases strongly with increasing biodiversity. Analysing subsets of functions showed that the effects of biodiversity on multifunctionality were stronger when more functions were included and that the strength of the biodiversity effects depended on the identity of the functions included. Limits to multifunctionality arose from negative correlations among functions and functions that were not correlated with biodiversity. Our findings underline that the management of ecosystems for the protection of biodiversity cannot be replaced by managing for particular ecosystem functions or services and emphasize the need for specific management to protect biodiversity. More plant species from the experimental pool of 60 species contributed to functioning when more functions were considered. An individual contribution to multifunctionality could be demonstrated for only a fraction of the species.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0391-4
SN  - 2397-334X
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 44
EP  - 49
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Penone, Caterina
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Soliveres, Santiago
A1  - Felipe-Lucia, Maria R.
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Seibold, Sebastian
A1  - Simons, Nadja K.
A1  - Schall, Peter
A1  - van der Plas, Fons
A1  - Manning, Peter
A1  - Manzanedo, Ruben D.
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Ammer, Christian
A1  - Bauhus, Juergen
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Ehbrecht, Martin
A1  - Goldmann, Kezia
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Mueller, Joerg
A1  - Mueller, Joerg C.
A1  - Pena, Rodica
A1  - Polle, Andrea
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Ruess, Liliane
A1  - Schoenig, Ingo
A1  - Schrumpf, Marion
A1  - Solly, Emily F.
A1  - Tschapka, Marco
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Fischer, Markus
T1  - Specialisation and diversity of multiple trophic groups are promoted by different forest features
JF  - Ecology letters
N2  - While forest management strongly influences biodiversity, it remains unclear how the structural and compositional changes caused by management affect different community dimensions (e.g. richness, specialisation, abundance or completeness) and how this differs between taxa. We assessed the effects of nine forest features (representing stand structure, heterogeneity and tree composition) on thirteen above- and belowground trophic groups of plants, animals, fungi and bacteria in 150 temperate forest plots differing in their management type. Canopy cover decreased light resources, which increased community specialisation but reduced overall diversity and abundance. Features increasing resource types and diversifying microhabitats (admixing of oaks and conifers) were important and mostly affected richness. Belowground groups responded differently to those aboveground and had weaker responses to most forest features. Our results show that we need to consider forest features rather than broad management types and highlight the importance of considering several groups and community dimensions to better inform conservation.
KW  - biodiversity exploratories
KW  - dark diversity
KW  - forest management
KW  - global change
KW  - land-use
KW  - multidiversity
KW  - specialisation
KW  - temperate forests
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13182
SN  - 1461-023X
SN  - 1461-0248
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
SP  - 170
EP  - 180
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van Kleunen, Mark
A1  - Lenssen, J. P. M.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - de Kroon, H.
T1  - Local adaption of the clonal plant Ranunculus reptans to flooding along a small-scale gradient.
Y1  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pade, Sylvia
A1  - Schmidt, Hartmut
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
T1  - (Micro-)fluorescence spectroscopy of side chain polymers with bezanilide moieties
Y1  - 1996
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - D'Hondt, Steven
A1  - Spivack, Arthur J.
A1  - Pockalny, Robert
A1  - Ferdelman, Timothy G.
A1  - Fischer, Jan P.
A1  - Kallmeyer, Jens
A1  - Abrams, Lewis J.
A1  - Smith, David C.
A1  - Graham, Dennis
A1  - Hasiuk, Franciszek
A1  - Schrum, Heather
A1  - Stancin, Andrea M.
T1  - Subseafloor sedimentary life in the South Pacific Gyre
N2  - The low-productivity South Pacific Gyre (SPG) is Earth's largest oceanic province. Its sediment accumulates extraordinarily slowly (0.1-1 m per million years). This sediment contains a living community that is characterized by very low biomass and very low metabolic activity. At every depth in cored SPG sediment, mean cell abundances are 3 to 4 orders of magnitude lower than at the same depths in all previously explored subseafloor communities. The net rate of respiration by the subseafloor sedimentary community at each SPG site is 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the rates at previously explored sites. Because of the low respiration rates and the thinness of the sediment, interstitial waters are oxic throughout the sediment column in most of this region. Consequently, the sedimentary community of the SPG is predominantly aerobic, unlike previously explored subseafloor communities. Generation of H-2 by radiolysis of water is a significant electron-donor source for this community. The per-cell respiration rates of this community are about 2 orders of magnitude higher (in oxidation/reduction equivalents) than in previously explored anaerobic subseafloor communities. Respiration rates and cell concentrations in subseafloor sediment throughout almost half of the world ocean may approach those in SPG sediment.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.pnas.org/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811793106
SN  - 0027-8424
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ziegler, A.
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
A1  - Menzel, Henning
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
T1  - Photo-Induced modification and photo-orientation in LB-multilayers of thermotropic polymers containing azobenzene side groups
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Geue, Thomas
A1  - Fischer, Thomas M.
A1  - Menzel, Henning
T1  - Photochemically induced changes of structures in LB-multilayers of amphotropic polymers
Y1  - 1995
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Stephanie S.
A1  - Kempe, Daniela S.
A1  - Leibrock, Christina B.
A1  - Rexhepaj, Rexhep
A1  - Siraskar, Balasaheb
A1  - Boini, Krishna M.
A1  - Ackermann, Teresa F.
A1  - Foeller, Michael
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Rosenblatt, Kevin P.
A1  - Kuro-o, Makoto
A1  - Lang, Florian
T1  - Hyperaldosteronism in Klotho-deficient mice
N2  - Klotho is a membrane protein participating in the inhibitory effect of FGF23 on the formation of 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin-D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3]. It participates in the regulation of renal tubular phosphate reabsorption and stimulates renal tubular Ca2+ reabsorption. Klotho hypomorphic mice (klotho(hm)) suffer from severe growth deficit, rapid aging, and early death, events largely reversed by a vitamin D-deficient diet. The present study explored the role of Klotho deficiency in mineral and electrolyte metabolism. To this end, klothohm mice and wild-type mice (klotho(+/+)) were subjected to a normal (D+) or vitamin D-deficient (D-) diet or to a vitamin D-deficient diet for 4 wk and then to a normal diet (D-/+). At the age of 8 wk, body weight was significantly lower in klotho(hm)D(+) mice than in klotho(+/ +)D(+) mice, klotho(hm)D(-) mice, and klotho(hm)D(-/+) mice. Plasma concentrations of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and aldosterone were significantly higher in klotho(hm)D(+) mice than in klotho(+/+)D(+) mice. Plasma volume was significantly smaller in klotho(hm)D(-/+) mice, and plasma urea, Ca2+, phosphate and Na+, but not K+ concentrations were significantly higher in klotho(hm)D(+) mice than in klotho(+/+)D(+) mice. The differences were partially abrogated by a vitamin D-deficient diet. Moreover, the hyperaldosteronism was partially reversed by Ca2+-deficient diet. Ussing chamber experiments revealed a marked increase in amiloride-sensitive current across the colonic epithelium, pointing to enhanced epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity. A salt-deficient diet tended to decrease and a salt-rich diet significantly increased the life span of klotho(hm)D(+) mice. In conclusion, the present observation disclose that the excessive formation of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 in Klotho-deficient mice results in extracellular volume depletion, which significantly contributes to the shortening of life span.
Y1  - 2010
UR  - http://ajprenal.physiology.org/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00233.2010
SN  - 1931-857X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scheepers, Christoph
A1  - Mohr, Sibylle
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Roberts, Andrew M.
T1  - Listening to Limericks -  A Pupillometry Investigation of Perceivers' Expectancy
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - What features of a poem make it captivating, and which cognitive mechanisms are sensitive to these features? We addressed these questions experimentally by measuring pupillary responses of 40 participants who listened to a series of Limericks. The Limericks ended with either a semantic, syntactic, rhyme or metric violation. Compared to a control condition without violations, only the rhyme violation condition induced a reliable pupillary response. An anomaly-rating study on the same stimuli showed that all violations were reliably detectable relative to the control condition, but the anomaly induced by rhyme violations was perceived as most severe. Together, our data suggest that rhyme violations in Limericks may induce an emotional response beyond mere anomaly detection.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074986
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 8
IS  - 9
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1  - Kleinebecker, Till
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Alt, Fabian
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Gockel, Sonja
A1  - Hemp, Andreas
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Hölzel, Norbert
T1  - Does organic grassland farming benefit plant and arthropod diversity at the expense of yield and soil fertility?
JF  - Agriculture, ecosystems & environment : an international journal for scientific research on the relationship of agriculture and food production to the biosphere
N2  - Organic management is one of the most popular strategies to reduce negative environmental impacts of intensive agriculture. However, little is known about benefits for biodiversity and potential worsening of yield under organic grasslands management across different grassland types, i.e. meadow, pasture and mown pasture. Therefore, we studied the diversity of vascular plants and foliage-living arthropods (Coleoptera, Araneae, Heteroptera, Auchenorrhyncha), yield, fodder quality, soil phosphorus concentrations and land-use intensity of organic and conventional grasslands across three study regions in Germany. Furthermore, all variables were related to the time since conversion to organic management in order to assess temporal developments reaching up to 18 years. Arthropod diversity was significantly higher under organic than conventional management, although this was not the case for Araneae, Heteroptera and Auchenorrhyncha when analyzed separately. On the contrary, arthropod abundance, vascular plant diversity and also yield and fodder quality did not considerably differ between organic and conventional grasslands. Analyses did not reveal differences in the effect of organic management among grassland types. None of the recorded abiotic and biotic parameters showed a significant trend with time since transition to organic management, except soil organic phosphorus concentrations which decreased with time. This implies that permanent grasslands respond slower and probably weaker to organic management than crop fields do. However, as land-use intensity and inorganic soil phosphorus concentrations were significantly lower in organic grasslands, overcoming seed and dispersal limitation by re-introducing plant species might be needed to exploit the full ecological potential of organic grassland management. We conclude that although organic management did not automatically increase the diversity of all studied taxa, it is a reasonable and useful way to support agro-biodiversity.
KW  - Agri-environmental schemes
KW  - Fertilization
KW  - Fodder quality
KW  - Land-use intensity
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Biomass nutrient concentrations
KW  - Organic farming
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Species richness
KW  - Nutrient availability
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.019
SN  - 0167-8809
VL  - 177
IS  - 3
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Hessenmöller, Dominik
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Socher, Stephanie A.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
T1  - Effects of forest management on ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae, Staphylinidae) in Central Europe are mainly mediated by changes in forest structure
JF  - Forest ecology and management
N2  - Forest management is known to influence species diversity of various taxa but inconsistent or even contrasting effects are reported for arthropods. Regional differences in management as well as differences in regional species pools might be responsible for these inconsistencies, but, inter-regional replicated studies that account for regional variability are rare. We investigated the effect of forest type on the abundance, diversity, community structure and composition of two important ground-dwelling beetle families, Carabidae and Staphylinidae, in 149 forest stands distributed over three regions in Germany. In particular we focused on recent forestry history, stand age and dominant tree species, in addition to a number of environmental descriptors. Overall management effects on beetle communities were small and mainly mediated by structural habitat parameters such as the cover of forest canopy or the plant diversity on forest stands. The general response of both beetle taxa to forest management was similar in all regions: abundance and species richness of beetles was higher in older than in younger stands and species richness was lower in unmanaged than in managed stands. The abundance ratio of forest species-to-open habitat species differed between regions, but generally increased from young to old stands, from coniferous to deciduous stands and from managed to unmanaged stands. The response of both beetle families to dominant tree species was variable among regions and staphylinid richness varied in the response to recent forestry history. Our results suggest that current forest management practices change the composition of ground-dwelling beetle communities mainly by favoring generalists and open habitat species. To protect important forest beetle communities and thus the ecosystem functions and services provided by them, we suggest to shelter remaining ancient forests and to develop near-to-nature management strategies by prolonging rotation periods and increasing structural diversity of managed forests. Possible geographic variations in the response of beetle communities need to be considered in conservation-orientated forest management strategies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - Beech forest
KW  - Biodiversity Exploratories
KW  - Conifer plantations
KW  - Habitat preferences
KW  - Insects
KW  - Land use
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.012
SN  - 0378-1127
SN  - 1872-7042
VL  - 329
SP  - 166
EP  - 176
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hagen, Sven
A1  - Baumann, Tobias
A1  - Wagner, Hanna J.
A1  - Morath, Volker
A1  - Kaufmann, Beate
A1  - Fischer, Adrian
A1  - Bergmann, Stefan
A1  - Schindler, Patrick
A1  - Arndt, Katja Maren
A1  - Mueller, Kristian M.
T1  - Modular adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors used for cellular virus-directed enzyme prodrug therapy
JF  - Scientific reports
N2  - The pre-clinical and clinical development of viral vehicles for gene transfer increased in recent years, and a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) drug took center stage upon approval in the European Union. However, lack of standardization, inefficient purification methods and complicated retargeting limit general usability. We address these obstacles by fusing rAAV-2 capsids with two modular targeting molecules (DARPin or Affibody) specific for a cancer cell-surface marker (EGFR) while simultaneously including an affinity tag (His-tag) in a surface-exposed loop. Equipping these particles with genes coding for prodrug converting enzymes (thymidine kinase or cytosine deaminase) we demonstrate tumor marker specific transduction and prodrug-dependent apoptosis of cancer cells. Coding terminal and loop modifications in one gene enabled specific and scalable purification. Our genetic parts for viral production adhere to a standardized cloning strategy facilitating rapid prototyping of virus directed enzyme prodrug therapy (VDEPT).
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep03759
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 4
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sivanesan, Arumugam
A1  - Kalaivani, Govindasamy
A1  - Fischer, Anna
A1  - Stiba, Konstanze
A1  - Leimkühler, Silke
A1  - Weidinger, Inez M.
T1  - Complementary surface-enhanced resonance raman Spectroscopic Biodetection of mixed protein solutions by Chitosan- and Silica-Coated Plasmon-Tuned Silver Nanoparticles
JF  - Analytical chemistry
N2  - Silver nanoparticles with identical plasmonic properties but different surface functionalities are synthesized and tested as chemically selective surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) amplifiers in a two-component protein solution. The surface plasmon resonances of the particles are tuned to 413 nm to match the molecular resonance of protein heme cofactors. Biocompatible functionalization of the nanoparticles with a thin film of chitosan yields selective SERR enhancement of the anionic protein cytochrome b(5), whereas functionalization with SiO2 amplifies only the spectra of the cationic protein cytochrome c. As a result, subsequent addition of the two differently functionalized particles yields complementary information on the same mixed protein sample solution. Finally, the applicability of chitosan-coated Ag nanoparticles for protein separation was tested by in situ resonance Raman spectroscopy.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac301001a
SN  - 0003-2700
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
SP  - 5759
EP  - 5764
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Heiden, Susi
A1  - von Websky, Karoline
A1  - Arafat, Ayman M.
A1  - Rahnenführer, Jan
A1  - Alter, Markus L.
A1  - Kalk, Philipp
A1  - Ziegler, Dieter
A1  - Fischer, Yvan
A1  - Pfab, Thiemo
T1  - Renal effects of the novel selective adenosine A(1) receptor blocker SLV329 in experimental liver cirrhosis in rats
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by an impaired renal excretion of water and sodium. Diuretics tend to further deteriorate renal function. It is unknown whether chronic selective adenosine A(1) receptor blockade, via inhibition of the hepatorenal reflex and the tubuloglomerular feedback, might exert diuretic and natriuretic effects without a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate. In healthy animals intravenous treatment with the novel A(1) receptor antagonist SLV329 resulted in a strong dose-dependent diuretic (up to 3.4-fold) and natriuretic (up to 13.5-fold) effect without affecting creatinine clearance. Male Wistar rats with thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis received SLV329, vehicle or furosemide for 12 weeks. The creatinine clearance of cirrhotic animals decreased significantly (-36.5%, p < 0.05), especially in those receiving furosemide (-41.9%, p < 0.01). SLV329 was able to prevent this decline of creatinine clearance. Mortality was significantly lower in cirrhotic animals treated with SLV329 in comparison to animals treated with furosemide (17% vs. 54%, p < 0.05). SLV329 did not relevantly influence the degree of liver fibrosis, kidney histology or expression of hepatic or renal adenosine receptors. In conclusion, chronic treatment with SLV329 prevented the decrease of creatinine clearance in a rat model of liver cirrhosis. Further studies will have to establish whether adenosine A(1) receptor antagonists are clinically beneficial at different stages of liver cirrhosis.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017891
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pfestorf, H.
A1  - Weiss, L.
A1  - Müller, J.
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Socher, S. A.
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Weisser, W.
A1  - Fischer, M.
A1  - Jeltsch, Florian
T1  - Community mean traits as additional indicators to monitor effects of land-use intensity On grassland plant diversity
JF  - Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics
N2  - Semi-natural grasslands, biodiversity hotspots in Central-Europe, suffer from the cessation of traditional land-use. Amount and intensity of these changes challenge current monitoring frameworks typically based on classic indicators such as selected target species or diversity indices. Indicators based on plant functional traits provide an interesting extension since they reflect ecological strategies at individual and ecological processes at community levels. They typically show convergent responses to gradients of land-use intensity over scales and regions, are more directly related to environmental drivers than diversity components themselves and enable detecting directional changes in whole community dynamics. However, probably due to their labor- and cost intensive assessment in the field, they have been rarely applied as indicators so far.
 Here we suggest overcoming these limitations by calculating indicators with plant traits derived from online accessible databases. Aiming to provide a minimal trait set to monitor effects of land-use intensification on plant diversity we investigated relationships between 12 community mean traits, 2 diversity indices and 6 predictors of land-use intensity within grassland communities of 3 different regions in Germany (part of the German 'Biodiversity Exploratory' research network). By standardization of traits and diversity measures, use of null models and linear mixed models we confirmed (i) strong links between functional community composition and plant diversity, (ii) that traits are closely related to land-use intensity, and (iii) that functional indicators are equally, or even more sensitive to land-use intensity than traditional diversity indices. The deduced trait set consisted of 5 traits, i.e., specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), seed release height, leaf distribution, and onset of flowering. These database derived traits enable the early detection of changes in community structure indicative for future diversity loss. As an addition to current monitoring measures they allow to better link environmental drivers to processes controlling community dynamics.
KW  - Biodiversity Exploratories
KW  - Biological conservation
KW  - (Semi-natural) Grasslands
KW  - Plant functional traits
KW  - Indicators
KW  - Land-use intensity
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2012.10.003
SN  - 1433-8319
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Jena
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stumpe, Joachim
A1  - Sakhno, O.
A1  - Gritsai, Y.
A1  - Rosenhauer, R.
A1  - Fischer, Th.
A1  - Rutloh, Michael
A1  - Schaal, F.
A1  - Weidenfeld, S.
A1  - Jetter, M.
A1  - Michler, P.
A1  - Pruss, C.
A1  - Osten, W.
T1  - Active and passive LC based polarization elements
JF  - Molecular crystals and liquid crystals
N2  - Passive and active polarization elements were created by surface and bulk photo-alignment of LCs, reactive LCs, photo-sensitive LCP and photo-curable monomer/LC composites. The use of different photo-sensitive liquid crystalline materials for the development of highly anisotropic elements with high spatial resolution and stability or, alternatively, fast switch ability will be discussed. Photo-active and voltage tunable polarization and diffraction elements are presented. For active micro-optic application a photo-addressed patterned retarder was created. Electrically switchable diffraction gratings were generated by interference exposure of photo-curable LC composites at room temperature characterized by droplet free morphology. These polarization sensitive diffraction elements are characterized be excellent optical properties and low switching times.
KW  - electrically switchable gratings.
KW  - diffractive elements
KW  - polymer/LC composites
KW  - switchable retarder
KW  - polarization gratings
KW  - Polarization elements
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2014.917503
SN  - 1542-1406
SN  - 1563-5287
VL  - 594
IS  - 1
SP  - 140
EP  - 149
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Alt, Fabian
A1  - Herold, Nadine
A1  - Klarner, Bernhard
A1  - Maraun, Mark
A1  - Marhan, Sven
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Yurkov, Andrey
A1  - Begerow, Dominik
A1  - Berner, Doreen
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Daniel, Rolf
A1  - Diekötter, Tim
A1  - Ehnes, Roswitha B.
A1  - Erdmann, Georgia
A1  - Fischer, Christiane
A1  - Fösel, Baerbel
A1  - Groh, Janine
A1  - Gutknecht, Jessica
A1  - Kandeler, Ellen
A1  - Lang, Christa
A1  - Lohaus, Gertrud
A1  - Meyer, Annabel
A1  - Nacke, Heiko
A1  - Näther, Astrid
A1  - Overmann, Jörg
A1  - Polle, Andrea
A1  - Pollierer, Melanie M.
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schloter, Michael
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Schulze, Waltraud X.
A1  - Weinert, Jan
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Wolters, Volkmar
A1  - Schrumpf, Marion
T1  - General relationships between abiotic soil properties and soil biota across spatial scales and different land-use types
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - Very few principles have been unraveled that explain the relationship between soil properties and soil biota across large spatial scales and different land-use types. Here, we seek these general relationships using data from 52 differently managed grassland and forest soils in three study regions spanning a latitudinal gradient in Germany. We hypothesize that, after extraction of variation that is explained by location and land-use type, soil properties still explain significant proportions of variation in the abundance and diversity of soil biota. If the relationships between predictors and soil organisms were analyzed individually for each predictor group, soil properties explained the highest amount of variation in soil biota abundance and diversity, followed by land-use type and sampling location. After extraction of variation that originated from location or land-use, abiotic soil properties explained significant amounts of variation in fungal, meso-and macrofauna, but not in yeast or bacterial biomass or diversity. Nitrate or nitrogen concentration and fungal biomass were positively related, but nitrate concentration was negatively related to the abundances of Collembola and mites and to the myriapod species richness across a range of forest and grassland soils. The species richness of earthworms was positively correlated with clay content of soils independent of sample location and land-use type. Our study indicates that after accounting for heterogeneity resulting from large scale differences among sampling locations and land-use types, soil properties still explain significant proportions of variation in fungal and soil fauna abundance or diversity. However, soil biota was also related to processes that act at larger spatial scales and bacteria or soil yeasts only showed weak relationships to soil properties. We therefore argue that more general relationships between soil properties and soil biota can only be derived from future studies that consider larger spatial scales and different land-use types.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043292
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  -