TY - GEN A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Low-intensity management promotes bryophyte diversity in grasslands T1 - Extensive Landnutzung fördert die Moosdiversität im Grünland T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Bryophytes constitute an important and permanent component of the grassland flora and diversity in Europe. As most bryophyte species are sensitive to habitat change, their diversity is likely to decline following land-use intensification. Most previous studies on bryophyte diversity focused on specific habitats of high bryophyte diversity, such as bogs, montane grasslands, or calcareous dry grasslands. In contrast, mesic grasslands are rarely studied, although they are the most common grassland habitat in Europe. They are secondary vegetation, maintained by agricultural use and thus, are influenced by different forms of land use. We studied bryophyte species richness in three regions in Germany, in 707 plots of 16 m2 representing different land-use types and environmental conditions. Our study is one of the few to inspect the relationships between bryophyte richness and land use across contrasting regions and using a high number of replicates.Among the managed grasslands, pastures harboured 2.5 times more bryophyte species than mead-ows and mown pastures. Similarly, bryophyte cover was about twice as high in fallows and pastures than in meadows and mown pastures. Among the pastures, bryophyte species richness was about three times higher in sheep grazed plots than in the ones grazed by cattle or horses. In general, bryophyte species richness and cover was more than 50% lower in fertilized than in unfertilized plots. Moreover, the amount of suitable substrates was linked to bryophyte diversity. Species richness of bryophytes growing on stones increased with stone cover, and the one of bryophytes growing on bark and deadwood increased with larger values of woody plant species and deadwood cover. Our findings highlight the importance of low-intensity land use and high structural heterogeneity for bryophyte conservation. They also caution against an intensification of traditionally managed pastures. In the light of our results, we recommend to maintain low-intensity sheep grazing on sites with low productivity, such as slopes on shallow soils. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1049 KW - biodiversity exploratories KW - competition KW - dry and mesic grasslands KW - grazing KW - fertilization KW - land use KW - liverwort KW - meadow KW - moss KW - pasture Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-460086 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1049 SP - 311 EP - 328 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wetzel, Anna-Jasmin A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Preiser, Christine A1 - Müller, Regina A1 - Klemmt, Malte A1 - Ranisch, Robert A1 - Ehni, Hans-Jörg A1 - Wiesing, Urban A1 - Rieger, Monika A. A1 - Henking, Tanja A1 - Joos, Stefanie T1 - Ethical, legal, and social implications of symptom checker Apps in primary Health Care (CHECK.APP) BT - protocol for an interdisciplinary mixed methods study JF - JMIR Research Protocols N2 - Background: Symptom checker apps (SCAs) are accessible tools that provide early symptom assessment for users. The ethical, legal, and social implications of SCAs and their impact on the patient-physician relationship, the health care providers, and the health care system have sparsely been examined. This study protocol describes an approach to investigate the possible impacts and implications of SCAs on different levels of health care provision. It considers the perspectives of the users, nonusers, general practitioners (GPs), and health care experts. Objective: We aim to assess a comprehensive overview of the use of SCAs and address problematic issues, if any. The primary outcomes of this study are empirically informed multi-perspective recommendations for different stakeholders on the ethical, legal, and social implications of SCAs. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative methods will be used in several overlapping and interconnected study phases. In study phase 1, a comprehensive literature review will be conducted to assess the ethical, legal, social, and systemic impacts of SCAs. Study phase 2 comprises a survey that will be analyzed with a logistic regression. It aims to assess the user degree of SCAs in Germany as well as the predictors for SCA usage. Study phase 3 will investigate self-observational diaries and user interviews, which will be analyzed as integrated cases to assess user perspectives, usage pattern, and arising problems. Study phase 4 will comprise GP interviews to assess their experiences, perspectives, self-image, and concepts and will be analyzed with the basic procedure by Kruse. Moreover, interviews with health care experts will be conducted in study phase 3 and will be analyzed by using the reflexive thematical analysis approach of Braun and Clark. Results: Study phase 1 will be completed in November 2021. We expect the results of study phase 2 in December 2021 and February 2022. In study phase 3, interviews are currently being conducted. The final study endpoint will be in February 2023. Conclusions: The possible ethical, legal, social, and systemic impacts of a widespread use of SCAs that affect stakeholders and stakeholder groups on different levels of health care will be identified. The proposed methodological approach provides a multifaceted and diverse empirical basis for a broad discussion on these implications. KW - symptom checker apps KW - self-diagnosis KW - self-triage KW - digitalization in KW - primary care KW - general practitioners KW - symptom checker KW - app KW - mobile app; Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/34026 SN - 1929-0748 VL - 11 IS - 5 PB - JMIR Research Protocols CY - Toronto ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Eva Nora A1 - van Schaik, Loes A1 - Blume, Theresa A1 - Bronstert, Axel A1 - Carus, Jana A1 - Fleckenstein, Jan H. A1 - Fohrer, Nicola A1 - Geissler, Katja A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Gräff, Thomas A1 - Hesse, Cornelia A1 - Hildebrandt, Anke A1 - Hölker, Franz A1 - Hunke, Philip A1 - Körner, Katrin A1 - Lewandowski, Jörg A1 - Lohmann, Dirk A1 - Meinikmann, Karin A1 - Schibalski, Anett A1 - Schmalz, Britta A1 - Schröder-Esselbach, Boris A1 - Tietjen, Britta T1 - Scales, key aspects, feedbacks and challenges of ecohydrological research in Germany JF - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung N2 - Ecohydrology analyses the interactions of biotic and abiotic aspects of our ecosystems and landscapes. It is a highly diverse discipline in terms of its thematic and methodical research foci. This article gives an overview of current German ecohydrological research approaches within plant-animal-soil-systems, meso-scale catchments and their river networks, lake systems, coastal areas and tidal rivers. It discusses their relevant spatial and temporal process scales and different types of interactions and feedback dynamics between hydrological and biotic processes and patterns. The following topics are considered key challenges: innovative analysis of the interdisciplinary scale continuum, development of dynamically coupled model systems, integrated monitoring of coupled processes at the interface and transition from basic to applied ecohydrological science to develop sustainable water and land resource management strategies under regional and global change. KW - Coastal regions KW - drylands KW - ecohydrological modelling KW - feedback KW - hyporheic zone KW - meso-scale ecosystems KW - plant-animal-soil-system KW - river networks Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2014,4_2 SN - 1439-1783 VL - 58 IS - 4 SP - 221 EP - 240 PB - Bundesanst. für Gewässerkunde CY - Koblenz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tittel, Jörg A1 - Bork, Rudolf A1 - Röpke, Björn A1 - Geldmacher, Karl A1 - Schnur, Tilo A1 - Faust, Berno A1 - Schaphoff, Sibyll A1 - Dalchow, Claus A1 - Woithe, Franka A1 - Bronstert, Axel A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Jessel, Beate A1 - Zschalich, Andrea A1 - Rößling, Holger A1 - Spindler, Joris A1 - Gaedke, Ursula A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Kadmon, R. A1 - Müller, J. A1 - Bissinger, Vera A1 - Weithoff, Guntram A1 - Wallschläger, Hans-Dieter A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Umweltforschung für das Land Brandenburg BT - Projekt Ökologie und Naturschutz / Landschaftsplanung / Landschaftsentwicklung JF - Brandenburgische Umwelt-Berichte : BUB ; Schriftenreihe der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Potsdam N2 - BISSINGER, V.; TITTEL, J.: Process rates and growth limiting factors of planktonic algae (Chlamydomonas sp.) from extremely acidic (pH 2,5 - 3) mining lakes in Germany ; BORK, H.-R. et al.: Erodierte Autos und Brunnen in Oregon, USA ; BRONSTERT, A. et al.: Bewirtschaftunsmöglichkeiten im Einzugsgebiet der Havel ; JELTSCH, F. et al.: Beweidung als Degradationsfaktor in ariden und semiariden Weidesystemen ; JELTSCH, F. et al.: Entstehung und Bedeutung räumlicher Vegetationsstrukturen in Trockensavannen: Baum-Graskoexistenz und Artenvielfalt ; JESSEL, B. et al.: Bodenbewertung für Planungs- und Zulassungsverfahren in Brandenburg ; JESSEL, B.; ZSCHALICH, A.: Erarbeitung von Ausgleichs- und Ersatzmaßnahmen für die Wert- und Funktionselemente des Landschaftsbildes ; RÖßLING, H. et al.: Umsetzung von Ausgleichs- und Ersatzmaßnahmen beim Ausbau der Bundesautobahn A 9 ; SPINDLER, J.; GAEDKE, U.: Estimating production in plankton food webs from biomass size spectra and allometric relationships ; TIELBÖRGER, K. et al.: Sukzessionsprozesse in einem Sanddünengebiet nach Ausschluß von Beweidung ; TIELBÖRGER, K. et al.: Populationsdynamische Funktionen von Ausbreitung und Dormanz ; TIELBÖRGER, K. et al.: Raum-zeitliche Populationsdynamik von einjährigen Wüstenpflanzen ; TITTEL, J. et al.: Ressourcennutzung und -weitergabe im planktischen Nahrungsnetz eines extrem sauren (pH 2,7) Tagebausees ; WALLSCHLÄGER, D.; WIEGLEB, G.: Offenland-Management auf ehemaligen und in Nutzung befindlichen Truppenübungsplätzen im pleistozänen Flachland Nordostdeutschlands: Naturschutzfachliche Grundlagen und praktische Anwendungen ; WEITHOFF, G.; GAEDKE, U.: Planktische Räuber-Beute-Systeme: Experimentelle Untersuchung von ökologischen Synchronisationen Y1 - 2000 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-3828 SN - 1434-2375 SN - 1611-9339 VL - 8 SP - 80 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stiegler, Jonas A1 - von Hoermann, Christian A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Benbow, Mark Eric A1 - Heurich, Marco T1 - Carcass provisioning for scavenger conservation in a temperate forest ecosystem T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Carrion plays an essential role in shaping the structure and functioning of ecosystems and has far‐reaching implications for biodiversity conservation. The change in availability and type of carcasses throughout ecosystems can involve negative effects for scavenging communities. To address this issue, there have been recent conservation management measures of carrion provision in natural systems. However, the optimal conditions under which exposing carcasses to optimize conservation outcomes are still limited. Here, we used camera traps throughout elevational and vegetational gradients to monitor the consumption of 48 deer carcasses over a study period of six years by evaluating 270,279 photographs resulting out of 15,373 trap nights. We detected 17 species visiting carcass deployments, including five endangered species. Our results show that large carcasses, the winter season, and a heterogeneous surrounding habitat enhanced the frequency of carcass visits and the species richness of scavenger assemblages. Contrary to our expectations, carcass species, condition (fresh/frozen), and provision schedule (continuous vs single exposure) did not influence scavenging frequency or diversity. The carcass visitation frequency increased with carcass mass and lower temperatures. The effect of large carcasses was especially pronounced for mesopredators and the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx ). Lynx were not too influenced in its carrion acquisition by the season, but exclusively preferred remote habitats containing higher forest cover. Birds of prey, mesopredators, and top predators were also positively influenced by the visiting rate of ravens (Corvus corax ), whereas no biotic or abiotic preferences were found for wild boars (Sus scrofa ). This study provides evidence that any ungulate species of carrion, either in a fresh or in previously frozen condition, attracts a high diversity of scavengers especially during winter, thereby supporting earlier work that carcass provisions may support scavenger communities and endangered species. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 955 KW - anthropogenic food subsidies KW - carrion ecology KW - diversity KW - nature conservation KW - necrobiome KW - vertebrate scavenger KW - wildlife management Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471099 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 955 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Allan, Eric A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver A1 - Dormann, Carsten F. A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Tscharntke, Teja A1 - Blüthgen, Nico A1 - Bellach, Michaela A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Böhm, Stefan A1 - Börschig, Carmen A1 - Chatzinotas, Antonis A1 - Christ, Sabina A1 - Daniel, Rolf A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Fischer, Christiane A1 - Friedl, Thomas A1 - Glaser, Karin A1 - Hallmann, Christine A1 - Hodac, Ladislav A1 - Hölzel, Norbert A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria A1 - Klaus, Valentin H. A1 - Kleinebecker, Till A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Lange, Markus A1 - Morris, E. Kathryn A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Nacke, Heiko A1 - Pasalic, Esther A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Rothenwoehrer, Christoph A1 - Schally, Peter A1 - Scherber, Christoph A1 - Schulze, Waltraud X. A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Steckel, Juliane A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf A1 - Türke, Manfred A1 - Weiner, Christiane N. A1 - Werner, Michael A1 - Westphal, Catrin A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye A1 - Gockel, Sonja A1 - Gorke, Martin A1 - Hemp, Andreas A1 - Renner, Swen C. A1 - Schöning, Ingo A1 - Pfeiffer, Simone A1 - König-Ries, Birgitta A1 - Buscot, Francois A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation. KW - biodiversity loss KW - agricultural grasslands KW - Biodiversity Exploratories Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 111 IS - 1 SP - 308 EP - 313 PB - National Acad. of Sciences CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manning, Pete A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver A1 - Allan, Eric A1 - Zhang, Yuan-Ye A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Blüthgen, Nico A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Böhm, Stefan A1 - Börschig, Carmen A1 - Hölzel, Norbert A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Klaus, Valentin H. A1 - Klein, Alexandra-Maria A1 - Kleinebecker, Till A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Lange, Markus A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Pasalic, Esther A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Tschapka, Marco A1 - Türke, Manfred A1 - Weiner, Christiane A1 - Werner, Michael A1 - Gockel, Sonja A1 - Hemp, Andreas A1 - Renner, Swen C. A1 - Wells, Konstans A1 - Buscot, Francois A1 - Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa JF - Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America N2 - Land-use intensification is a key driver of biodiversity change. However, little is known about how it alters relationships between the diversities of different taxonomic groups, which are often correlated due to shared environmental drivers and trophic interactions. Using data from 150 grassland sites, we examined how land-use intensification (increased fertilization, higher livestock densities, and increased mowing frequency) altered correlations between the species richness of 15 plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate taxa. We found that 54% of pairwise correlations between taxonomic groups were significant and positive among all grasslands, while only one was negative. Higher land-use intensity substantially weakened these correlations(35% decrease in rand 43% fewer significant pairwise correlations at high intensity), a pattern which may emerge as a result of biodiversity declines and the breakdown of specialized relationships in these conditions. Nevertheless, some groups (Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera) were consistently correlated with multidiversity, an aggregate measure of total biodiversity comprised of the standardized diversities of multiple taxa, at both high and lowland-use intensity. The form of intensification was also important; increased fertilization and mowing frequency typically weakened plant-plant and plant-primary consumer correlations, whereas grazing intensification did not. This may reflect decreased habitat heterogeneity under mowing and fertilization and increased habitat heterogeneity under grazing. While these results urge caution in using certain taxonomic groups to monitor impacts of agricultural management on biodiversity, they also suggest that the diversities of some groups are reasonably robust indicators of total biodiversity across a range of conditions. KW - Biodiversity indicators KW - correlation KW - fertilization KW - grassland management KW - grazing KW - land-use change KW - land-use intensity KW - mowing KW - multidiversity KW - multitrophic interactions Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1307.1 SN - 0012-9658 SN - 1939-9170 VL - 96 IS - 6 SP - 1492 EP - 1501 PB - Wiley CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stiegler, Jonas A1 - von Hoermann, Christian A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Benbow, Mark Eric A1 - Heurich, Marco T1 - Carcass provisioning for scavenger conservation in a temperate forest ecosystem JF - Ecosphere N2 - Carrion plays an essential role in shaping the structure and functioning of ecosystems and has far‐reaching implications for biodiversity conservation. The change in availability and type of carcasses throughout ecosystems can involve negative effects for scavenging communities. To address this issue, there have been recent conservation management measures of carrion provision in natural systems. However, the optimal conditions under which exposing carcasses to optimize conservation outcomes are still limited. Here, we used camera traps throughout elevational and vegetational gradients to monitor the consumption of 48 deer carcasses over a study period of six years by evaluating 270,279 photographs resulting out of 15,373 trap nights. We detected 17 species visiting carcass deployments, including five endangered species. Our results show that large carcasses, the winter season, and a heterogeneous surrounding habitat enhanced the frequency of carcass visits and the species richness of scavenger assemblages. Contrary to our expectations, carcass species, condition (fresh/frozen), and provision schedule (continuous vs single exposure) did not influence scavenging frequency or diversity. The carcass visitation frequency increased with carcass mass and lower temperatures. The effect of large carcasses was especially pronounced for mesopredators and the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx ). Lynx were not too influenced in its carrion acquisition by the season, but exclusively preferred remote habitats containing higher forest cover. Birds of prey, mesopredators, and top predators were also positively influenced by the visiting rate of ravens (Corvus corax ), whereas no biotic or abiotic preferences were found for wild boars (Sus scrofa ). This study provides evidence that any ungulate species of carrion, either in a fresh or in previously frozen condition, attracts a high diversity of scavengers especially during winter, thereby supporting earlier work that carcass provisions may support scavenger communities and endangered species. KW - anthropogenic food subsidies KW - carrion ecology KW - diversity KW - nature conservation KW - necrobiome KW - vertebrate scavenger KW - wildlife management Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3063 SN - 2150-8925 VL - 11 IS - 4 PB - ESA CY - Ithaca, NY ER -