TY  - GEN
A1  - Lenton, Timothy M.
A1  - Rockstroem, Johan
A1  - Gaffney, Owen
A1  - Rahmstorf, Stefan
A1  - Richardson, Katherine
A1  - Steffen, Will
A1  - Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
T1  - Climate tipping points - too risky to bet against : 
Comment
T2  - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-03595-0
SN  - 0028-0836
SN  - 1476-4687
VL  - 575
IS  - 7784
SP  - 592
EP  - 595
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rockström, Johan
A1  - Kotzé, Louis
A1  - Milutinović, Svetlana
A1  - Biermann, Frank
A1  - Brovkin, Victor
A1  - Donges, Jonathan
A1  - Ebbesson, Jonas
A1  - French, Duncan
A1  - Gupta, Joyeeta
A1  - Kim, Rakhyun
A1  - Lenton, Timothy
A1  - Lenzi, Dominic
A1  - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
A1  - Neumann, Barbara
A1  - Schuppert, Fabian
A1  - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1  - Bosselmann, Klaus
A1  - Folke, Carl
A1  - Lucht, Wolfgang
A1  - Schlosberg, David
A1  - Richardson, Katherine
A1  - Steffen, Will
T1  - The planetary commons
BT  - a new paradigm for safeguarding earth-regulating systems in the Anthropocene
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue tra­jectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems  on  Earth  upon  which  the  world  collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions  of  the  Earth  system  irrespective  of  national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons frame­work by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive  stewardship  obligations  through  Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.
KW  - anthropocene
KW  - earth system governance
KW  - global commons
KW  - international law
KW  - planetary boundaries
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301531121
SN  - 1091-6490
SN  - 1877-2014
VL  - 121
IS  - 5
PB  - National Academy of Sciences
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Steffen, Will
A1  - Röckstrom, Johan
A1  - Richardson, Katherine
A1  - Lenton, Timothy M.
A1  - Folke, Carl
A1  - Liverman, Diana
A1  - Summerhayes, Colin P.
A1  - Barnosky, Anthony D.
A1  - Cornell, Sarah E.
A1  - Crucifix, Michel
A1  - Donges, Jonathan
A1  - Fetzer, Ingo
A1  - Lade, Steven J.
A1  - Scheffer, Marten
A1  - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1  - Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
T1  - Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - We explore the risk that self-reinforcing feedbacks could push the Earth System toward a planetary threshold that, if crossed, could prevent stabilization of the climate at intermediate temperature rises and cause continued warming on a "Hothouse Earth" pathway even as human emissions are reduced. Crossing the threshold would lead to a much higher global average temperature than any interglacial in the past 1.2 million years and to sea levels significantly higher than at any time in the Holocene. We examine the evidence that such a threshold might exist and where it might be. If the threshold is crossed, the resulting trajectory would likely cause serious disruptions to ecosystems, society, and economies. Collective human action is required to steer the Earth System away from a potential threshold and stabilize it in a habitable interglacial-like state. Such action entails stewardship of the entire Earth System-biosphere, climate, and societies-and could include decarbonization of the global economy, enhancement of biosphere carbon sinks, behavioral changes, technological innovations, new governance arrangements, and transformed social values.
KW  - Earth System trajectories
KW  - climate change
KW  - Anthropocene
KW  - biosphere feedbacks
KW  - tipping elements
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810141115
SN  - 0027-8424
VL  - 115
IS  - 33
SP  - 8252
EP  - 8259
PB  - National Acad. of Sciences
CY  - Washington
ER  -