TY - JOUR A1 - Rothwell, Joseph A. A1 - Murphy, Neil A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Bešević, Jelena A1 - Kliemann, Nathalie A1 - Jenab, Mazda A1 - Ferrari, Pietro A1 - Achaintre, David A1 - Gicquiau, Audrey A1 - Vozar, Béatrice A1 - Scalbert, Augustin A1 - Huybrechts, Inge A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Prehn, Cornelia A1 - Adamski, Jerzy A1 - Cross, Amanda J. A1 - Pala, Valeria Maria A1 - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine A1 - Dahm, Christina C. A1 - Overvad, Kim A1 - Gram, Inger Torhild A1 - Sandanger, Torkjel M. A1 - Skeie, Guri A1 - Jakszyn, Paula A1 - Tsilidis, Kostas K. A1 - Hughes, David J. A1 - van Guelpen, Bethany A1 - Bodén, Stina A1 - Sánchez, Maria-José A1 - Schmidt, Julie A. A1 - Katzke, Verena A1 - Kühn, Tilman A1 - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra A1 - Tumino, Rosario A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas A1 - Vineis, Paolo A1 - Masala, Giovanna A1 - Panico, Salvatore A1 - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine A1 - Tjønneland, Anne A1 - Aune, Dagfinn A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Severi, Gianluca A1 - Chajès, Véronique A1 - Gunter, Marc J. T1 - Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort JF - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology N2 - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer. KW - colorectal neoplasm KW - risk factors KW - World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations KW - targeted metabolomics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.045 SN - 1542-3565 SN - 1542-7714 VL - 20 SP - E1061 EP - E1082 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Botteri, Edoardo A1 - Peveri, Giulia A1 - Berstad, Paula A1 - Bagnardi, Vincenzo A1 - Chen, Sairah L. F. A1 - Sandanger, Torkjel M. A1 - Hoff, Geir A1 - Dahm, Christina C. A1 - Antoniussen, Christian S. A1 - Tjonneland, Anne A1 - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine A1 - Skeie, Guri A1 - Perez-Cornago, Aurora A1 - Huerta, Jose Maria A1 - Jakszyn, Paula A1 - Harlid, Sophia A1 - Sundstroem, Bjoern A1 - Barricarte, Aurelio A1 - Monninkhof, Evelyn M. A1 - Derksen, Jeroen W. G. A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas A1 - Sanchez, Maria-Jose A1 - Cross, Amanda J. A1 - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. A1 - De Magistris, Maria Santucci A1 - Kaaks, Rudolf A1 - Katzke, Verena A1 - Rothwell, Joseph A. A1 - Laouali, Nasser A1 - Severi, Gianluca A1 - Amiano, Pilar A1 - Contiero, Paolo A1 - Sacerdote, Carlotta A1 - Goldberg, Marcel A1 - Touvier, Mathilde A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Viallon, Vivian A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Riboli, Elio A1 - Gunter, Marc J. A1 - Jenab, Mazda A1 - Ferrari, Pietro T1 - Changes in lifestyle and risk of colorectal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition JF - The American journal of gastroenterology : AJG N2 - INTRODUCTION: We investigated the impact of changes in lifestyle habits on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a multicountry European cohort. METHODS: We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort to assess changes in lifestyle habits and their associations with CRC development. We calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical activity collected at the 2 time points. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavorable) to 16 (most favorable). We estimated the association between HLI changes and CRC risk using Cox regression models and reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Among 295,865 participants, 2,799 CRC cases were observed over a median of 7.8 years. The median time between questionnaires was 5.7 years. Each unit increase in HLI from the baseline to the follow-up assessment was associated with a statistically significant 3% lower CRC risk. Among participants in the top tertile at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom tertile at follow-up (HLI <= 9) had a higher CRC risk (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.75) than those remaining in the top tertile. Among individuals in the bottom tertile at baseline, those in the top tertile at follow-up had a lower risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.59-1.00) than those remaining in the bottom tertile. DISCUSSION: Improving adherence to a healthy lifestyle was inversely associated with CRC risk, while worsening adherence was positively associated with CRC risk. These results justify and support recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes and healthy lifestyle maintenance for CRC prevention. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002065 SN - 0002-9270 SN - 1572-0241 VL - 118 IS - 4 SP - 702 EP - 711 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia ER -