TY - GEN A1 - Repke, Tim A1 - Krestel, Ralf A1 - Edding, Jakob A1 - Hartmann, Moritz A1 - Hering, Jonas A1 - Kipping, Dennis A1 - Schmidt, Hendrik A1 - Scordialo, Nico A1 - Zenner, Alexander T1 - Beacon in the Dark BT - a system for interactive exploration of large email Corpora T2 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management N2 - The large amount of heterogeneous data in these email corpora renders experts' investigations by hand infeasible. Auditors or journalists, e.g., who are looking for irregular or inappropriate content or suspicious patterns, are in desperate need for computer-aided exploration tools to support their investigations. We present our Beacon system for the exploration of such corpora at different levels of detail. A distributed processing pipeline combines text mining methods and social network analysis to augment the already semi-structured nature of emails. The user interface ties into the resulting cleaned and enriched dataset. For the interface design we identify three objectives expert users have: gain an initial overview of the data to identify leads to investigate, understand the context of the information at hand, and have meaningful filters to iteratively focus onto a subset of emails. To this end we make use of interactive visualisations based on rearranged and aggregated extracted information to reveal salient patterns. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-4503-6014-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3269206.3269231 SP - 1871 EP - 1874 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Puschmann, Anne-Katrin A1 - Drießlein, David A1 - Arampatzis, Adamantios A1 - Banzer, Winfried A1 - Beck, Heidrun A1 - Schiltenwolf, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Hendrik A1 - Schneider, Christian A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Development of a risk stratification and prevention index for stratified care in chronic low back pain. Focus: yellow flags (MiSpEx network) N2 - Introduction: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a major cause of disability; early diagnosis and stratification of care remain challenges. Objectives: This article describes the development of a screening tool for the 1-year prognosis of patients with high chronic LBP risk (risk stratification index) and for treatment allocation according to treatment-modifiable yellow flag indicators (risk prevention indices, RPI-S). Methods: Screening tools were derived from a multicentre longitudinal study (n = 1071, age >18, intermittent LBP). The greatest prognostic predictors of 4 flag domains ("pain," "distress," "social-environment," "medical care-environment") were determined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. Internal validity and prognosis error were evaluated after 1-year follow-up. Receiver operating characteristic curves for discrimination (area under the curve) and cutoff values were determined. Results: The risk stratification index identified persons with increased risk of chronic LBP and accurately estimated expected pain intensity and disability on the Pain Grade Questionnaire (0-100 points) up to 1 year later with an average prognosis error of 15 points. In addition, 3-risk classes were discerned with an accuracy of area under the curve = 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63-0.85). The RPI-S also distinguished persons with potentially modifiable prognostic indicators from 4 flag domains and stratified allocation to biopsychosocial treatments accordingly. Conclusion: The screening tools, developed in compliance with the PROGRESS and TRIPOD statements, revealed good validation and prognostic strength. These tools improve on existing screening tools because of their utility for secondary preventions, incorporation of exercise effect modifiers, exact pain estimations, and personalized allocation to multimodal treatments. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 351 KW - Back pain prognosis KW - Back pain diagnosis KW - Pain screening KW - PROGRESS/TRIPOD KW - Prediction of disability/intensity KW - Yellow flags KW - Exercise Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403424 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meier, Patrick A1 - Kriegel, Hendrik A1 - Motschmann, Uwe A1 - Schmidt, Jürgen A1 - Spahn, Frank A1 - Hill, Thomas W. A1 - Dong, Yaxue A1 - Jones, Geraint H. T1 - A model of the spatial and size distribution of Enceladus' dust plume JF - Planetary and space science KW - Enceladus KW - Plume KW - Nanograins KW - Cassini KW - Tail Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2014.09.016 SN - 0032-0633 VL - 104 SP - 216 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meier, Patrick A1 - Motschmann, Uwe A1 - Schmidt, Jurgen A1 - Spahn, Frank A1 - Hill, Thomas W. A1 - Dong, Yaxue A1 - Jones, Geraint H. A1 - Kriegel, Hendrik T1 - Modeling the total dust production of Enceladus from stochastic charge equilibrium and simulations JF - Planetary and space science KW - Enceladus KW - Plume KW - Nanograin charge KW - CAPS Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2015.10.002 SN - 0032-0633 VL - 119 SP - 208 EP - 221 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schwarzer, Ingo A1 - Weiß-Saoumi, Said A1 - Kittel, Roland A1 - Friedrich, Tobias A1 - Kaynak, Koraltan A1 - Durak, Cemil A1 - Isbarn, Andreas A1 - Diestel, Jörg A1 - Knittel, Jens A1 - Franz, Marquart A1 - Morra, Carlos A1 - Stahnke, Susanne A1 - Braband, Jens A1 - Dittmann, Johannes A1 - Griebel, Stephan A1 - Krampf, Andreas A1 - Link, Martin A1 - Müller, Matthias A1 - Radestock, Jens A1 - Strub, Leo A1 - Bleeke, Kai A1 - Jehl, Leander A1 - Kapitza, Rüdiger A1 - Messadi, Ines A1 - Schmidt, Stefan A1 - Schwarz-Rüsch, Signe A1 - Pirl, Lukas A1 - Schmid, Robert A1 - Friedenberger, Dirk A1 - Beilharz, Jossekin Jakob A1 - Boockmeyer, Arne A1 - Polze, Andreas A1 - Röhrig, Ralf A1 - Schäbe, Hendrik A1 - Thiermann, Ricky T1 - RailChain BT - Abschlussbericht N2 - The RailChain project designed, implemented, and experimentally evaluated a juridical recorder that is based on a distributed consensus protocol. That juridical blockchain recorder has been realized as distributed ledger on board the advanced TrainLab (ICE-TD 605 017) of Deutsche Bahn. For the project, a consortium consisting of DB Systel, Siemens, Siemens Mobility, the Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, TÜV Rheinland InterTraffic, and Spherity has been formed. These partners not only concentrated competencies in railway operation, computer science, regulation, and approval, but also combined experiences from industry, research from academia, and enthusiasm from startups. Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) define distributed databases and express a digital protocol for transactions between business partners without the need for a trusted intermediary. The implementation of a blockchain with real-time requirements for the local network of a railway system (e.g., interlocking or train) allows to log data in the distributed system verifiably in real-time. For this, railway-specific assumptions can be leveraged to make modifications to standard blockchains protocols. EULYNX and OCORA (Open CCS On-board Reference Architecture) are parts of a future European reference architecture for control command and signalling (CCS, Reference CCS Architecture – RCA). Both architectural concepts outline heterogeneous IT systems with components from multiple manufacturers. Such systems introduce novel challenges for the approved and safety-relevant CCS of railways which were considered neither for road-side nor for on-board systems so far. Logging implementations, such as the common juridical recorder on vehicles, can no longer be realized as a central component of a single manufacturer. All centralized approaches are in question. The research project RailChain is funded by the mFUND program and gives practical evidence that distributed consensus protocols are a proper means to immutably (for legal purposes) store state information of many system components from multiple manufacturers. The results of RailChain have been published, prototypically implemented, and experimentally evaluated in large-scale field tests on the advanced TrainLab. At the same time, the project showed how RailChain can be integrated into the road-side and on-board architecture given by OCORA and EULYNX. Logged data can now be analysed sooner and also their trustworthiness is being increased. This enables, e.g., auditable predictive maintenance, because it is ensured that data is authentic and unmodified at any point in time. N2 - Das Projekt RailChain hat einen verteilten Juridical Recorder entworfen, implementiert und experimentell evaluiert, der auf einem echtzeitfähigen verteilten Konsensprotokoll basiert. Dieser Juridical Blockchain Recorder wurde als distributed ledger an Bord des advanced TrainLabs der Deutschen Bahn (ICE-TD 605 017) umgesetzt. Für das Projekt hat sich ein Konsortium aus DB Systel, Siemens, Siemens Mobility, dem Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering, der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, sowie TÜV Rheinland InterTraffic und Spherity formiert und dabei Kompetenzen aus den Bereichen Bahnbetrieb, Informatik und Zulassungswesen gebündelt. Die Partner kombinieren Erfahrungen aus der Industrie und die akademische Forschung mit der Aufbruchstimmung aus dem Start-Up-Umfeld. Distributed-Ledger-Technologien (DLTs) definieren verteilte Datenbanken und stellen ein digitales Protokoll für Transaktionen zwischen Geschäftspartnern dar, ohne dass ein Mittelsmann beteiligt sein müsste. Die Implementierung einer Blockchain mit Echtzeitanforderungen für das lokale Netzwerk einer Eisenbahnanlage (z. B. Stellwerk oder Zug) erlaubt es, die im verteilten System entstehenden Daten nachweislich in Echtzeit zu protokollieren. Dabei können eisenbahnspezifische Randbedingungen ausgenutzt werden, um Standard-Blockchain-Protokolle anzupassen. EULYNX und OCORA (Open CCS On-board Reference Architecture) sind Bestandteile einer zukünftigen europäischen Referenzarchitektur für das Leit- und Sicherungssystem (Reference CCS Architecture – RCA, Control Command and Signalling – CCS). Beide Architekturkonzepte skizzieren herstellerübergreifende, komponentenbasierende heterogene IT-Systeme. Solche Systeme bergen neue Herausforderungen, die bislang im Kontext der zugelassenen, sicherheitsrelevanten Leit- und Sicherungstechnik der Bahn weder strecken- noch fahrzeugseitig adressiert werden mussten. Logbuch-Implementierungen, wie der gängige Juridical Recorder auf Fahrzeugen, können nun nicht mehr als zentrale Systemkomponente eines einzelnen Herstellers umgesetzt werden. Alle zentralisierten Lösungsansätze sind in Frage gestellt. Das mFUND-geförderte Forschungsprojekt erbringt den praktischen Nachweis, dass Zustandsinformationen über eine Vielzahl von Systemkomponenten herstellerübergreifend und gerichtsfest mittels verteilten Konsensprotokollen gespeichert werden können. Ergebnisse von RailChain wurden publiziert, prototypisch implementiert und in großen Feldtests auf dem advanced TrainLab experimentell evaluiert. Gleichzeitig wurde aufgezeigt, wie sich RailChain in den mit OCORA und EULYNX vorgegebenen fahrzeug- und streckenseitigen Architekturentwurf integrieren lässt. Daten können dadurch zeitnaher ausgewertet werden und gleichzeitig wird ihre Vertrauenswürdigkeit erhöht. Dies ermöglicht u. a. nachvollziehbare zustandsorientierte Wartung, denn es kann jederzeit sichergestellt werden, dass die Daten authentisch sind und auch nicht verändert wurden. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 152 KW - Distributed-Ledger-Technologie (DLT) KW - juridical recording KW - Konsensprotokolle KW - consensus protocols KW - Digitalisierung KW - digitalization KW - Bahnwesen KW - railways KW - Blockchain KW - asset management KW - selbstbestimmte Identitäten KW - self-sovereign identity KW - dezentrale Identitäten KW - decentral identities KW - überprüfbare Nachweise KW - verifiable credentials KW - Echtzeit KW - real-time KW - Standardisierung KW - standardization KW - Verlässlichkeit KW - dependability KW - Fehlertoleranz KW - fault tolerance Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-577409 SN - 978-3-86956-550-7 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 152 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Puschmann, Anne-Katrin A1 - Drießlein, David A1 - Arampatzis, Adamantios A1 - Banzer, Winfried A1 - Beck, Heidrun A1 - Schiltenwolf, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Hendrik A1 - Schneider, Christian A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Development of a risk stratification and prevention index for stratified care in chronic low back pain. Focus: yellow flags (MiSpEx network) JF - Pain reports N2 - Introduction: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a major cause of disability; early diagnosis and stratification of care remain challenges. Objectives: This article describes the development of a screening tool for the 1-year prognosis of patients with high chronic LBP risk (risk stratification index) and for treatment allocation according to treatment-modifiable yellow flag indicators (risk prevention indices, RPI-S). Methods: Screening tools were derived from a multicentre longitudinal study (n = 1071, age >18, intermittent LBP). The greatest prognostic predictors of 4 flag domains ("pain," "distress," "social-environment," "medical care-environment") were determined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. Internal validity and prognosis error were evaluated after 1-year follow-up. Receiver operating characteristic curves for discrimination (area under the curve) and cutoff values were determined. Results: The risk stratification index identified persons with increased risk of chronic LBP and accurately estimated expected pain intensity and disability on the Pain Grade Questionnaire (0-100 points) up to 1 year later with an average prognosis error of 15 points. In addition, 3-risk classes were discerned with an accuracy of area under the curve = 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63-0.85). The RPI-S also distinguished persons with potentially modifiable prognostic indicators from 4 flag domains and stratified allocation to biopsychosocial treatments accordingly. Conclusion: The screening tools, developed in compliance with the PROGRESS and TRIPOD statements, revealed good validation and prognostic strength. These tools improve on existing screening tools because of their utility for secondary preventions, incorporation of exercise effect modifiers, exact pain estimations, and personalized allocation to multimodal treatments. KW - Back pain prognosis KW - Back pain diagnosis KW - Pain screening KW - PROGRESS/TRIPOD KW - Prediction of disability/intensity KW - Yellow flags KW - Exercise Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/PR9.0000000000000623 VL - 9 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Wolters Kluwer Health CY - Riverwoods, IL ER -