TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leong, Jia Xuan
A1  - Raffeiner, Margot
A1  - Spinti, Daniela
A1  - Langin, Gautier
A1  - Franz-Wachtel, Mirita
A1  - Guzman, Andrew R.
A1  - Kim, Jung-Gun
A1  - Pandey, Pooja
A1  - Minina, Alyona E.
A1  - Macek, Boris
A1  - Hafren, Anders
A1  - Bozkurt, Tolga O.
A1  - Mudgett, Mary Beth
A1  - Börnke, Frederik
A1  - Hofius, Daniel
A1  - Uestuen, Suayib
T1  - A bacterial effector counteracts host autophagy by promoting degradation of an autophagy component
JF  - The EMBO journal
N2  - Beyond its role in cellular homeostasis, autophagy plays anti- and promicrobial roles in host-microbe interactions, both in animals and plants. 
One prominent role of antimicrobial autophagy is to degrade intracellular pathogens or microbial molecules, in a process termed xenophagy. 
Consequently, microbes evolved mechanisms to hijack or modulate autophagy to escape elimination. 
Although well-described in animals, the extent to which xenophagy contributes to plant-bacteria interactions remains unknown. 

Here, we provide evidence that Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) suppresses host autophagy by utilizing type-III effector XopL. XopL interacts with and degrades the autophagy component SH3P2 via its E3 ligase activity to promote infection. 
Intriguingly, XopL is targeted for degradation by defense-related selective autophagy mediated by NBR1/Joka2, revealing a complex antagonistic interplay between XopL and the host autophagy machinery. 

Our results implicate plant antimicrobial autophagy in the depletion of a bacterial virulence factor and unravel an unprecedented pathogen strategy to counteract defense-related autophagy in plant-bacteria interactions.
KW  - autophagy
KW  - effectors
KW  - immunity
KW  - ubiquitination
KW  - xenophagy
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2021110352
SN  - 0261-4189
SN  - 1460-2075
VL  - 41
IS  - 13
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -