TY  - GEN
A1  - Sadovnichii, V. A.
A1  - Panasyuk, M. I.
A1  - Amelyushkin, A. M.
A1  - Benghin, V. V.
A1  - Garipov, G. K.
A1  - Kalegaev, V. V.
A1  - Klimov, P. A.
A1  - Khrenov, B. A.
A1  - Petrov, V. L.
A1  - Sharakin, S. A.
A1  - Shirokov, A. V.
A1  - Svertilov, S. I.
A1  - Zotov, M. Y.
A1  - Yashin, I. V.
A1  - Gorbovskoy, E. S.
A1  - Lipunov, V. M.
A1  - Park, I. H.
A1  - Lee, J.
A1  - Jeong, S.
A1  - Kim, M. B.
A1  - Jeong, H. M.
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Angelopoulos, V.
A1  - Russell, C. T.
A1  - Runov, A.
A1  - Turner, D.
A1  - Strangeway, R. J.
A1  - Caron, R.
A1  - Biktemerova, S.
A1  - Grinyuk, A.
A1  - Lavrova, M.
A1  - Tkachev, L.
A1  - Tkachenko, A.
A1  - Martinez, O.
A1  - Salazar, H.
A1  - Ponce, E.
T1  - "Lomonosov" satellite-space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study:

-Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff;

-Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere;

-Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays;

-Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances;

-Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects;

-Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight.

This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 959 
KW  - gamma-ray bursts
KW  - ultra-high energy cosmic rays
KW  - radiation belts
KW  - space mission
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428185
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 959
SP  - 1705
EP  - 1738
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sadovnichii, V. A.
A1  - Panasyuk, M. I.
A1  - Amelyushkin, A. M.
A1  - Bogomolov, V. V.
A1  - Benghin, V. V.
A1  - Garipov, G. K.
A1  - Kalegaev, V. V.
A1  - Klimov, P. A.
A1  - Khrenov, B. A.
A1  - Petrov, V. L.
A1  - Sharakin, S. A.
A1  - Shirokov, A. V.
A1  - Svertilov, S. I.
A1  - Zotov, M. Y.
A1  - Yashin, I. V.
A1  - Gorbovskoy, E. S.
A1  - Lipunov, V. M.
A1  - Park, I. H.
A1  - Lee, J.
A1  - Jeong, S.
A1  - Kim, M. B.
A1  - Jeong, H. M.
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Angelopoulos, V.
A1  - Russell, C. T.
A1  - Runov, A.
A1  - Turner, D.
A1  - Strangeway, R. J.
A1  - Caron, R.
A1  - Biktemerova, S.
A1  - Grinyuk, A.
A1  - Lavrova, M.
A1  - Tkachev, L.
A1  - Tkachenko, A.
A1  - Martinez, O.
A1  - Salazar, H.
A1  - Ponce, E.
T1  - "Lomonosov" Satellite-Space Observatory to Study Extreme Phenomena in Space
JF  - Space science reviews
N2  - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments.
KW  - Gamma-ray bursts
KW  - Ultra-high energy cosmic rays
KW  - Radiation belts
KW  - Space mission
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0425-x
SN  - 0038-6308
SN  - 1572-9672
VL  - 212
SP  - 1705
EP  - 1738
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1  - Rashev, M. V.
A1  - Daly, P. W.
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Turner, D. L.
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Dobynde, M.
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Fritz, T. A.
A1  - Pierrard, V.
A1  - Borremans, K.
A1  - Klecker, B.
A1  - Friedel, R.
T1  - Contamination in electron observations of the silicon detector on board
JF  - Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications
N2  - Since more than 15 years, the Cluster mission passes through Earth's radiation belts at least once every 2 days for several hours, measuring the electron intensity at energies from 30 to 400 keV. These data have previously been considered not usable due to contamination caused by penetrating energetic particles (protons at >100 keV and electrons at >400 keV). In this study, we assess the level of distortion of energetic electron spectra from the Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector, determining the efficiency of its shielding. We base our assessment on the analysis of experimental data and a radiation transport code (Geant4). In simulations, we use the incident particle energy distribution of the AE9/AP9 radiation belt models. We identify the Roederer L values, L⋆, and energy channels that should be used with caution: at 3≤L⋆≤4, all energy channels (40–400 keV) are contaminated by protons (≃230 to 630 keV and >600 MeV); at L⋆≃1 and 4–6, the energy channels at 95–400 keV are contaminated by high-energy electrons (>400 keV). Comparison of the data with electron and proton observations from RBSP/MagEIS indicates that the subtraction of proton fluxes at energies ≃ 230–630 keV from the IES electron data adequately removes the proton contamination. We demonstrate the usefulness of the corrected data for scientific applications.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016SW001369
SN  - 1542-7390
VL  - 14
SP  - 449
EP  - 462
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Usanova, Maria E.
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Zhu, H.
T1  - EMIC wave parameterization in the long-term VERB code simulation
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Space physics
N2  - Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in the dynamics of ultrarelativistic electron population in the radiation belts. However, as EMIC waves are very sporadic, developing a parameterization of such wave properties is a challenging task. Currently, there are no dynamic, activity-dependent models of EMIC waves that can be used in the long-term (several months) simulations, which makes the quantitative modeling of the radiation belt dynamics incomplete. In this study, we investigate Kp, Dst, and AE indices, solar wind speed, and dynamic pressure as possible parameters of EMIC wave presence. The EMIC waves are included in the long-term simulations (1year, including different geomagnetic activity) performed with the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code, and we compare results of the simulation with the Van Allen Probes observations. The comparison shows that modeling with EMIC waves, parameterized by solar wind dynamic pressure, provides a better agreement with the observations among considered parameterizations. The simulation with EMIC waves improves the dynamics of ultrarelativistic fluxes and reproduces the formation of the local minimum in the phase space density profiles.
KW  - radiation belts
KW  - VERB code
KW  - EMIC
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024389
SN  - 2169-9380
SN  - 2169-9402
VL  - 122
SP  - 8488
EP  - 8501
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Usanova, Maria E.
A1  - Wang, D.
A1  - Zhelavskaya, Irina
T1  - Signatures of Ultrarelativistic Electron Loss in the Heart of the Outer Radiation Belt Measured by Van Allen Probes
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Space physics
N2  - Up until recently, signatures of the ultrarelativistic electron loss driven by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the Earth's outer radiation belt have been limited to direct or indirect measurements of electron precipitation or the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions in the heart of the belt. In this study, we demonstrate additional observational evidence of ultrarelativistic electron loss that can be driven by resonant interaction with EMIC waves. We analyzed the profiles derived from Van Allen Probe particle data as a function of time and three adiabatic invariants between 9 October and 29 November 2012. New local minimums in the profiles are accompanied by the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions and ground‐based detection of EMIC waves. Such a correlation may be indicative of ultrarelativistic electron precipitation into the Earth's atmosphere caused by resonance with EMIC waves.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024485
SN  - 2169-9380
SN  - 2169-9402
VL  - 122
SP  - 10102
EP  - 10111
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Menietti, J. D.
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Horne, Richard B.
A1  - Woodfield, Emma E.
A1  - Groene, J. B.
A1  - de Soria-Santacruz, M.
A1  - Averkamp, T. F.
A1  - Garrett, H.
A1  - Paranicas, C.
A1  - Gurnett, Don A.
T1  - Strong whistler mode waves observed in the vicinity of Jupiter's moons
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Understanding of wave environments is critical for the understanding of how particles are accelerated and lost in space. This study shows that in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede, that respectively have induced and internal magnetic fields, chorus wave power is significantly increased. The observed enhancements are persistent and exceed median values of wave activity by up to 6 orders of magnitude for Ganymede. Produced waves may have a pronounced effect on the acceleration and loss of particles in the Jovian magnetosphere and other astrophysical objects. The generated waves are capable of significantly modifying the energetic particle environment, accelerating particles to very high energies, or producing depletions in phase space density. Observations of Jupiter's magnetosphere provide a unique opportunity to observe how objects with an internal magnetic field can interact with particles trapped in magnetic fields of larger scale objects.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 695 
KW  - electron acceleration
KW  - magnetic-field
KW  - diffusion
KW  - magnetosphere
KW  - Ganymede
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426278
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 695
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1  - Numerical applications of the advective-diffusive codes for the inner magnetosphere
JF  - Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications
N2  - In this study we present analytical solutions for convection and diffusion equations. We gather here the analytical solutions for the one-dimensional convection equation, the two-dimensional convection problem, and the one- and two-dimensional diffusion equations. Using obtained analytical solutions, we test the four-dimensional Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code (the VERB-4D code), which solves the modified Fokker-Planck equation with additional convection terms. The ninth-order upwind numerical scheme for the one-dimensional convection equation shows much more accurate results than the results obtained with the third-order scheme. The universal limiter eliminates unphysical oscillations generated by high-order linear upwind schemes. Decrease in the space step leads to convergence of a numerical solution of the two-dimensional diffusion equation with mixed terms to the analytical solution. We compare the results of the third- and ninth-order schemes applied to magnetospheric convection modeling. The results show significant differences in electron fluxes near geostationary orbit when different numerical schemes are used.
KW  - advective-diffusive codes
KW  - inner magnetosphere
KW  - numerical schemes
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016SW001484
SN  - 1542-7390
VL  - 14
SP  - 993
EP  - 1010
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Spasojevic, Maria
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Usanova, Maria E.
A1  - Engebretson, Mark J.
A1  - Agapitov, Oleksiy V.
A1  - Zhelavskaya, Irina
A1  - Raita, Tero J.
A1  - Spence, Harlan E.
A1  - Baker, Daniel N.
A1  - Zhu, Hui
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
T1  - Wave-induced loss of ultra-relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts
JF  - Nature Communications
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12883
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 7
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Wang, Dedong
A1  - Wygant, John
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Reeves, Geoffrey D.
T1  - Transport and loss of ring current electrons inside geosynchronous orbit during the 17 March 2013 storm
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Space physics
N2  - Ring current electrons (1–100 keV) have received significant attention in recent decades, but many questions regarding their major transport and loss mechanisms remain open. In this study, we use the four‐dimensional Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code to model the enhancement of phase space density that occurred during the 17 March 2013 storm. Our model includes global convection, radial diffusion, and scattering into the Earth's atmosphere driven by whistler‐mode hiss and chorus waves. We study the sensitivity of the model to the boundary conditions, global electric field, the electric field associated with subauroral polarization streams, electron loss rates, and radial diffusion coefficients. The results of the code are almost insensitive to the model parameters above 4.5 RERE, which indicates that the general dynamics of the electrons between 4.5 RE and the geostationary orbit can be explained by global convection. We found that the major discrepancies between the model and data can stem from the inaccurate electric field model and uncertainties in lifetimes. We show that additional mechanisms that are responsible for radial transport are required to explain the dynamics of ≥40‐keV electrons, and the inclusion of the radial diffusion rates that are typically assumed in radiation belt studies leads to a better agreement with the data. The overall effect of subauroral polarization streams on the electron phase space density profiles seems to be smaller than the uncertainties in other input parameters. This study is an initial step toward understanding the dynamics of these particles inside the geostationary orbit.
KW  - ring current electrons
KW  - magnetospheric convection
KW  - ensemble modeling
KW  - inner magnetosphere
KW  - electron transport
KW  - wave-particle interactions
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026031
SN  - 2169-9380
SN  - 2169-9402
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
SP  - 915
EP  - 933
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Smirnov, Artem G.
A1  - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1  - Latallerie, F.
A1  - Daly, Patrick W.
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Kasahara, Satoshi
A1  - Turner, Drew L.
A1  - Taylor, M. G. G. T.
T1  - Electron Intensity Measurements by the Cluster/RAPID/IES Instrument in Earth's Radiation Belts and Ring Current
JF  - Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications
N2  - Plain Language Summary Radiation belts of the Earth, which are the zones of charged energetic particles trapped by the geomagnetic field, comprise enormous and dynamic systems. While the inner radiation belt, composed mainly of high-energy protons, is relatively stable, the outer belt, filled with energetic electrons, is highly variable and depends substantially on solar activity. Hence, extended reliable observations and the improved models of the electron intensities in the outer belt depending on solar wind parameters are necessary for prediction of their dynamics. The Cluster mission has been measuring electron flux intensities in the radiation belts since its launch in 2000, thus providing a huge dataset that can be used for radiation belts analysis. Using 16 years of electron measurements by the Cluster mission corrected for background contamination, we derived a uniform linear-logarithmic dependence of electron fluxes in the outer belt on the solar wind dynamic pressure.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001989
SN  - 1542-7390
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
SP  - 553
EP  - 566
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Smirnov, Artem G.
A1  - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1  - Daly, Patrick W.
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1  - Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1192 
KW  - L-Asterisk
KW  - magnetosphere
KW  - electrons
KW  - model
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523915
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Menietti, J. D.
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Horne, Richard B.
A1  - Woodfield, Emma E.
A1  - Groene, J. B.
A1  - de Soria-Santacruz, M.
A1  - Averkamp, T. F.
A1  - Garrett, H.
A1  - Paranicas, C.
A1  - Gurnett, Don A.
T1  - Strong whistler mode waves observed in the vicinity of Jupiter’s moons
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Understanding of wave environments is critical for the understanding of how particles are accelerated and lost in space. This study shows that in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede, that respectively have induced and internal magnetic fields, chorus wave power is significantly increased. The observed enhancements are persistent and exceed median values of wave activity by up to 6 orders of magnitude for Ganymede. Produced waves may have a pronounced effect on the acceleration and loss of particles in the Jovian magnetosphere and other astrophysical objects. The generated waves are capable of significantly modifying the energetic particle environment, accelerating particles to very high energies, or producing depletions in phase space density. Observations of Jupiter’s magnetosphere provide a unique opportunity to observe how objects with an internal magnetic field can interact with particles trapped in magnetic fields of larger scale objects.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05431-x
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 9
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Zhelavskaya, Irina
A1  - Green, Janet C.
A1  - Pulkkinen, Antti A.
A1  - Horne, Richard B.
A1  - Pitchford, David
A1  - Glover, Alexi
T1  - Discussions on Stakeholder Requirements for Space Weather-Related Models
T2  - Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications
N2  - Participants of the 2017 European Space Weather Week in Ostend, Belgium, discussed the stakeholder requirements for space weather-related models. It was emphasized that stakeholders show an increased interest in space weather-related models. Participants of the meeting discussed particular prediction indicators that can provide first-order estimates of the impact of space weather on engineering systems.
KW  - 7924
KW  - 7934
KW  - 7959
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2018SW001864
SN  - 1542-7390
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
SP  - 341
EP  - 342
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Horne, Richard B.
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
T1  - The dynamics of Van Allen belts revisited
T2  - Nature physics
N2  - In an effort to explain the formation of a narrow third radiation belt at ultra-relativistic energies detected during a solar storm in September 20121, Mann et al.2 present simulations from which they conclude it arises from a process of outward radial diffusion alone, without the need for additional loss processes from higher frequency waves. The comparison of observations with the model in Figs 2 and 3 of their Article clearly shows that even with strong radial diffusion rates, the model predicts a third belt near L* = 3 that is twice as wide as observed and approximately an order of magnitude more intense. We therefore disagree with their interpretation that “the agreement between the absolute fluxes from the model and those observed by REPT [the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope] shown on Figs 2 and 3 is excellent.”

Previous studies3 have shown that outward radial diffusion plays a very important role in the dynamics of the outer belt and is capable of explaining rapid reductions in the electron flux. It has also been shown that it can produce remnant belts (Fig. 2 of a long-term simulation study4). However, radial diffusion alone cannot explain the formation of the narrow third belt at multi-MeV during September 2012. An additional loss mechanism is required.

Higher radial diffusion rates cannot improve the comparison of model presented by Mann et al. with observations. A further increase in the radial diffusion rates (reported in Fig. 4 of the Supplementary Information of ref. 2) results in the overestimation of the outer belt fluxes by up to three orders of magnitude at energy of 3.4 MeV.

Observations at 2 MeV, where belts show only a two-zone structure, were not presented by Mann et al. Moreover, simulations of electrons with energies below 2 MeV with the same diffusion rates and boundary conditions used by the authors would probably produce very strong depletions down to L = 3–3.5, where L is radial distance from the centre of the Earth to the given field line in the equatorial plane. Observations do not show a non-adiabatic loss below L ∼ 4.5 for 2 MeV. Such different dynamics between 2 MeV and above 4 MeV at around L = 3.5 are another indication that particles are scattered by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves that affect only energies above a certain threshold.

Observations of the phase space density (PSD) provide additional evidence for the local loss of electrons. Around L* = 3.5–4 PSD shows significant decrease by an order of magnitude starting in the afternoon of 3 September (Fig. 1a), while PSD above L* = 4 is increasing. The minimum in PSD between L* = 3.5–4 continues to decrease until 4 September. This evolution demonstrates that the loss is not produced by outward diffusion. Radial diffusion cannot produce deepening minima, as it works to smooth gradients. Just as growing peaks in PSD show the presence of localized acceleration5, deepening minima show the presence of localized loss.
Figure 1: Time evolution of radiation profiles in electron PSD at relativistic and ultra-relativistic energies.
figure 1

a, Similar to Supplementary Fig. 3 of ref. 2, but using TS07D model10 and for μ = 2,500 MeV G−1, K = 0.05 RE G0.5 (where RE is the radius of the Earth). b, Similar to Supplementary Fig. 3 of ref. 2, but using TS07D model and for μ = 700 MeV G−1, corresponding to MeV energies in the heart of the belt. Minimum in PSD in the heart of the multi-MeV electron radiation belt between 3.5 and 4 RE deepening between the afternoon of 3 September and 5 September clearly show that the narrow remnant belt at multi-MeV below 3.5 RE is produced by the local loss.
Full size image

The minimum in the outer boundary is reached on the evening of 2 September. After that, the outer boundary moves up, while the minimum decreases by approximately an order of magnitude, clearly showing that this main decrease cannot be explained by outward diffusion, and requires additional loss processes. The analysis of profiles of PSD is a standard tool used, for example, in the study about electron acceleration5 and routinely used by the entire Van Allen Probes team. In the Supplementary Information, we show that this analysis is validated by using different magnetic field models. The Supplementary Information also shows that measurements are above background noise.

Deepening minima at multi-MeV during the times when the boundary flux increases are clearly seen in Fig. 1a. They show that there must be localized loss, as radial diffusion cannot produce a minimum that becomes lower with time. At lower energies of 1–2 MeV, which corresponds to lower values of the first adiabatic invariant μ (Fig. 1b), the profiles are monotonic between L* = 3–3.5, consistent with the absence of scattering by EMIC waves that affect only electrons above a certain energy threshold6,7,8,9.

In summary, the results of the modelling and observations presented by Mann et al. do not lend support to the claim of explaining the dynamics of the ultra-relativistic third Van Allen radiation belt in terms of an outward radial diffusion process alone. While the outward radial diffusion driven by the loss to the magnetopause2 is certainly operating during this storm, there is compelling observational and modelling2,6 evidence that shows that very efficient localized electron loss operates during this storm at multi-MeV energies, consistent with localized loss produced by EMIC waves.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4350
SN  - 1745-2473
SN  - 1745-2481
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 102
EP  - 103
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhu, Hui
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Chen, Lunjin
A1  - Liu, Xu
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1  - An event on simultaneous amplification of exohiss and chorus waves associated with electron density enhancements
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Space physics
N2  - Whistler mode exohiss are the structureless hiss waves observed outside the plasma pause with featured equatorward Poynting flux. An event of the amplification of exohiss as well as chorus waves was recorded by Van Allen Probes during the recovery phase of a weak geomagnetic storm. Amplitudes of both types of the waves showed a significant increase at the regions of electron density enhancements. It is found that the electrons resonant with exohiss and chorus showed moderate pitch angle anisotropies. The ratio of the number of electrons resonating with exohiss to total electron number presented in-phase correlation with density variations, which suggests that exohiss can be amplified due to electron density enhancement in terms of cyclotron instability. The calculation of linear growth rates further supports above conclusion. We suggest that exohiss waves have potential to become more significant due to the background plasma fluctuation.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JA025023
SN  - 2169-9380
SN  - 2169-9402
VL  - 123
IS  - 11
SP  - 8958
EP  - 8968
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
A1  - Fauth, Henriette
A1  - Destina Sevde, Ay-Bryson
A1  - Visser, Leonie N.C.
A1  - Weck, Florian
T1  - Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes
JF  - Cancer Medicine
N2  - Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.

Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.

Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06). 

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
KW  - consultation
KW  - mental health
KW  - oncology
KW  - psycho-oncology
KW  - skills
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4396
SN  - 2045-7634
VL  - 10
SP  - 9012
EP  - 9021
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
ET  - 24
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Abdalla, Hassan E.
A1  - Adam, Remi
A1  - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1  - Benkhali, Faical Ait
A1  - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1  - Arakawa, Masanori
A1  - Arcaro, C
A1  - Armand, Catherine
A1  - Armstrong, T.
A1  - Egberts, Kathrin
T1  - Very high energy γ-ray emission from two blazars of unknown redshift and upper limits on their distance
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac objects KUV 00311-1938 and PKS 1440-389 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. observations were accompanied or preceded by multiwavelength observations with Fermi/LAT, XRT and UVOT onboard the Swift satellite, and ATOM. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi/LAT spectrum towards the VHE gamma-ray regime, we deduce a 95 per cent confidence level upper limit on the unknown redshift of KUV 00311-1938 of z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 of z < 0.53. When combined with previous spectroscopy results, the redshift of KUV 00311-1938 is constrained to 0.51 <= z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 to 0.14 (sic) z < 0.53.
KW  - BL Lacertae objects: individual
KW  - galaxies: high-redshift
KW  - gamma-rays: general
KW  - Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength
Y1  - 2020
VL  - 494
IS  - 4
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Raynaud, F
A1  - Jond-Necand, C
A1  - Marcilhac, Anne
A1  - Fürst, Dieter Oswald
A1  - Benyamin, Yves
T1  - Calpain 1-gamma filamin interaction in muscle cells : a possible in situ regulation by PKC-alpha
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Raynaud, F
A1  - Jond-Necand, C
A1  - Marcilhac, Anne
A1  - Fürst, Dieter Oswald
A1  - Benyamin, Yves
T1  - Calpain 1-gamma filamin interaction in muscle cells :a possible in situ regulation by PKC-alpha
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yoon, S.-C.
A1  - Langer, Norbert
A1  - Scheithauer, S.
T1  - Effects of rotation on the helium burning shell source in accreting white dwarfs
N2  - We investigate the effects of rotation on the behavior of the helium-burning shell source in accreting carbon- oxygen white dwarfs, in the context of the single degenerate Chandrasekhar mass progenitor scenario for type la supernovae (SNe Ia). We model the evolution of helium-accreting white dwarfs of initially 1 M-circle dot, assuming four different constant accretion rates (2, 3, 5 and 10 x 10(-7) M-circle dot/yr). In a one-dimensional approximation, we compute the mass accretion and subsequent nuclear fusion of helium into carbon and oxygen, as well as angular momentum accretion, angular momentum transport inside the white dwarf, and rotationally induced chemical mixing. Our models show two major effects of rotation: a) The helium-burning nuclear shell source in the rotating models is much more stable than in corresponding non-rotating models - which increases the likelihood that accreting white dwarfs reach the stage of central carbon ignition. This effect is mainly due to rotationally induced mixing at the CO/He interface which widens the shell source, and due to the centrifugal force lowering the density and degeneracy at the shell source location. b) The C/O-ratio in the layers which experience helium shell burning - which may affect the energy of an SN Ia explosion - is strongly decreased by the rotationally induced mixing of a-particles into the carbon-rich layers. We discuss implications of our results for the evolution of SNe la progenitors
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0004-6361
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Clegg, Mark R.
A1  - Maberly, Stephen C
A1  - Jones, Roger I.
T1  - Chemosensory behavioural response of freshwater phytoplanktonic flagellates
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Liperovsky, V.A.
A1  - Pochotelov, O.A.
A1  - Liperovskaya, E.V.
A1  - Parrot, M.
A1  - Meister, C.-V.
A1  - Alimov, O. A.
T1  - Modifications of sporadic E-layers caused by seismic activity
N2  - Contents: 1 Introduction 2 Formation and destruction of sporadic E-layers 3 Temporal variations of parameters of sporadic E-layers during earthquake preparation 3.1 Temporal variations of fbEs with time-scales of a few hours 3.2 Study of fbEs variations with characteristic time-scales of 0.5-3 hours 3.3 Variations of the parameters of sporadic E-layers with characteristic time-scales of 15-45 minutes 3.4 Sporadic E-layer variations with characteristic time-scales of 2-15 minutes 4 On the spatial scales of sporadic E-layer disturbances related to seismic activity 5 Complex experimental researches of the ionosphere, electromagnetic noise and the geomagnetic field 5.1 Ionospheric and electromagnetic phenomena of the Kayraccum earthquake in 1985 5.2 Comparison of anomalies with characteristic time-scales of 2-3 hours for ionospheric E- and F-layers, and temporal behaviour of electromagnetic noise emission intensity 5.3 Night airglow emissions in the E-region before earthquakes and sporadic E-layer variations 6 Physical models of lithosphere-ionosphere links 6.1 Lithosphere-ionosphere links due to AGW 6.2 Electromagnetic models for the lithosphere-ionosphere coupling 6.3 Sporadic E-layers as current generators 7 Discussion and conclusion
T3  - NLD Preprints - 49 
Y1  - 1998
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14799
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hasenbring, Monika Ilona
A1  - Levenig, Claudia
A1  - Hallner, D.
A1  - Puschmann, Anne-Katrin
A1  - Weiffen, A.
A1  - Kleinert, Jens
A1  - Belz, J.
A1  - Schiltenwolf, Marcus
A1  - Pfeifer, A. -C.
A1  - Heidari, Jahan 	 .
A1  - Kellmann, M.
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - Psychosoziale Risikofaktoren für chronischen Rückenschmerz in der Allgemeingesellschaft und im Leistungssport
T1  - Psychosocial Risk Factors for chronic Back Pain in the General Population and in Competitive Sports
BT  - Von der Modellbildung zum klinischen Screening – ein Review aus dem MiSpEx-Netzwerk
BT  - From theory to clinical screening—a review from the MiSpEx network A Review from the MiSpEx Network
JF  - Manuelle Medizin
N2  - Hintergrund
Lumbale Ruckenschmerzen und ihre Neigung zur Chronifizierung stellen nicht nur in der Allgemeinbevolkerung, sondern auch im Leistungssport ein bedeutendes Gesundheitsproblem dar. Im Gegensatz zu Nichtathleten ist die Erforschung psychosozialer Risikofaktoren sowie von Screeningfragebogen, die moglichst fruhzeitig die Entwicklung chronischer Schmerzen erkennen und vorhersagen konnen, im Leistungssport noch in den Anfangen. Das vorliegende systematische Review gibt einen uberblick uber den Stand der Risikofaktorenforschung in beiden Feldern und untersucht die pradiktive Qualitat verschiedener Screeningfragebogen bei Nichtathleten.

Methodik
Die Literatursuche erfolgte zwischen Marz und Juni 2016 in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, PubMed und PsycINFO mit den Suchbegriffen psychosocial screening, low back pain, sciatica und prognosis, athletes. Eingeschlossen wurden prospektive Studien an Patienten mit lumbalen Ruckenschmerzen mit und ohne Ausstrahlung in das Bein, 18Jahre und mit einem Follow-up von mindestens 3-monatiger Dauer.

Ergebnisse
In das Review zu Screeninginstrumenten wurden 16Studien einbezogen. Alle waren an klinischen Stichproben der Allgemeingesellschaft durchgefuhrt worden. Zu den am haufigsten publizierten Screeningfragebogen gehoren der orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (oMPSQ) mit einer zufriedenstellenden Fruherkennung der Wiederherstellung der Arbeitsfahigkeit sowie das STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) mit guter Vorhersage schmerzbedingter Beeintrachtigung. Fur die Vorhersage kunftiger Schmerzen eignen sich die Risikoanalyse der Schmerzchronifizierung (RISC-R) und der Heidelberger Kurzfragebogen (HKF).

Schlussfolgerungen 
Psychosoziale Risikofaktoren fur chronische Ruckenschmerzen, wie z.B. chronischer Stress, ungunstige Schmerzverarbeitung und depressive Stimmungslagen, werden zunehmend auch im Leistungssport erkannt. Screeninginstrumente, die sich in der Allgemeingesellschaft als hinreichend vorhersagestark erwiesen haben, werden aktuell im MiSpEx-Forschungsverbund auf ihre Eignung uberpruft.
N2  - Background
Lumbar back pain and the high risk of chronic complaints is not only an important health concern in the general population but also in high performance athletes. In contrast to non-athletes, there is a lack of research into psychosocial risk factors in athletes. Moreover, the development of psychosocial screening questionnaires that would be qualified to detect athletes with a high risk of chronicity is in the early stages. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of research into psychosocial risk factors in both populations and to evaluate the performance of screening instruments in non-athletes.

Methods
The databases MEDLINE, PubMed, and PsycINFO were searched from March to June 2016 using the keywords “psychosocial screening”, “low back pain”, “sciatica” and “prognosis”, “athletes”. We included prospective studies conducted in patients with low back pain with and without radiation to the legs, aged ≥18 years and a follow-up of at least 3 months.

Results
We identified 16 eligible studies, all of them conducted in samples of non-athletes. Among the most frequently published screening questionnaires, the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) demonstrated a sufficient early prediction of return to work and the STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) revealed acceptable performance predicting pain-related impairment. The prediction of future pain was sufficient with the Risk Analysis of Back Pain Chronification (RISC-BP) and the Heidelberg Short Questionnaire (HKF).

Conclusion
Psychosocial risk factors of chronic back pain, such as chronic stress, depressive mood, and maladaptive pain processing are becoming increasingly more recognized in competitive sports. Screening instruments that have been shown to be predictive in the general population are currently being tested for suitability in the German MiSpEx research consortium.
KW  - Chronischer Rückenschmerz
KW  - Psychosoziale Risikofaktoren
KW  - Screening
KW  - Prognose
KW  - Chronic back pain
KW  - Psychosocial risk factors
KW  - Screening
KW  - Prognosis
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00337-018-0450-1
SN  - 0025-2514
SN  - 1433-0466
VL  - 56
IS  - 5
SP  - 359
EP  - 373
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hasenbring, Monika Ilona
A1  - Levenig, Claudia
A1  - Hallner, D.
A1  - Puschmann, Anne-Katrin
A1  - Weiffen, A.
A1  - Kleinert, Jens
A1  - Belz, J.
A1  - Schiltenwolf, Marcus
A1  - Pfeifer, A. -C.
A1  - Heidari, Jahan
A1  - Kellmann, M.
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - Psychosocial risk factors for chronic back pain in the general population and in competitive sports
BT  - from theory to clinical screening- a review fromthe MiSpEx network
BT  - Von der Modellbildung zum klinischen Screening – ein Review aus dem MiSpEx-Netzwerk
JF  - Der Schmerz : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes, der Österreichischen Schmerzgesellschaft und der Deutschen Interdisziplinären Vereinigung für Schmerztherapie
N2  - Lumbar back pain and the high risk of chronic complaints is not only an important health concern in the general population but also in high performance athletes. In contrast to non-athletes, there is a lack of research into psychosocial risk factors in athletes. Moreover, the development of psychosocial screening questionnaires that would be qualified to detect athletes with a high risk of chronicity is in the early stages. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of research into psychosocial risk factors in both populations and to evaluate the performance of screening instruments in non-athletes. The databases MEDLINE, PubMed, and PsycINFO were searched from March to June 2016 using the keywords "psychosocial screening", "low back pain", "sciatica" and "prognosis", "athletes". We included prospective studies conducted in patients with low back pain with and without radiation to the legs, aged ae<yen>18 years and a follow-up of at least 3 months. We identified 16 eligible studies, all of them conducted in samples of non-athletes. Among the most frequently published screening questionnaires, the A-rebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (A-MPSQ) demonstrated a sufficient early prediction of return to work and the STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) revealed acceptable performance predicting pain-related impairment. The prediction of future pain was sufficient with the Risk Analysis of Back Pain Chronification (RISC-BP) and the Heidelberg Short Questionnaire (HKF). Psychosocial risk factors of chronic back pain, such as chronic stress, depressive mood, and maladaptive pain processing are becoming increasingly more recognized in competitive sports. Screening instruments that have been shown to be predictive in the general population are currently being tested for suitability in the German MiSpEx research consortium.
T2  - Psychosoziale Risikofaktoren für chronischen Rückenschmerz in der Allgemeingesellschaft und im Leistungssport
KW  - Chronic back pain
KW  - Psychosocial risk factors
KW  - Screening
KW  - Prognosis
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-018-0307-5
SN  - 0932-433X
SN  - 1432-2129
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
SP  - 259
EP  - 273
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Tristram, Hildegard L.C.
T1  - Wie weit sind die inselkeltischen Sprachen (und das Englische) analytisiert?
T1  - How far have the Insular Celtic languages (and the English language) been analyticised?
N2  - Der gemeinsame Wandel der inselkeltischen Sprachen wie auch des Englischen vom vorwiegend synthetischen Typus zum vorwiegend analytischen Typus läßt sich vermutlich auf einen ca. 1500 Jahre dauernden intensiven Sprachenkontakt zwischen diesen Sprachen zurückführen. Heute ist das Englische die analytischste Sprache der Britischen Inseln und Irlands, gefolgt vom Walisischen, Bretonischen und Irischen. Letzteres ist von den genannten Sprachen noch am weitesten morphologisch komplex.
N2  - I discuss the joint shift of the Insular Celtic languages and of the English language from, typologically speaking, predominantly synthetic languages c. 1500 years ago to predominantly analytical languages today. The demise of the inflectional morphology is most advanced in Present Day English. Welsh follows suit. Then come Breton and Irish. Intensive linguistic interaction across the boundaries of the Germanic and the Insular Celtic languages are proposed to have been instrumental for this type of linguistic convergence.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 35 
KW  - Irisch
KW  - Walisisch
KW  - Bretonisch
KW  - Englisch
KW  - Sprachwandel
KW  - Sprachkontakt
KW  - Sprachkonvergenz
KW  - Typologie
KW  - Morphologie
KW  - Komplexität
KW  - Quantifizierun
KW  - Irish
KW  - Welsh
KW  - Breton
KW  - English
KW  - Language Change
KW  - Language Contact
KW  - Convergence
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Complexity
KW  - Quantification
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41251
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Walter, R.
A1  - Zurita-Heras, J.
A1  - Leyder, J.-C.
T1  - Probing clumpy stellar winds with a neutron star
N2  - INTEGRAL tripled the number of super-giant high-mass X-ray binaries (sgHMXB) known in the Galaxy by revealing absorbed and fast transient (SFXT) systems. Quantitative constraints on the wind clumping of massive stars can be obtained from the study of the hard X-ray variability of SFXT. A large fraction of the hard X-ray emission is emitted in the form of flares with a typical duration of 3 ksec, frequency of 7 days and luminosity of $10^{36}$ erg/s. Such flares are most probably emitted by the interaction of a compact object orbiting at $\sim10~R_*$ with wind clumps ($10^{22 ... 23}$ g) representing a large fraction of the stellar mass-loss rate. The density ratio between the clumps and the inter-clump medium is $10^{2 ... 4}$. The parameters of the clumps and of the inter-clump medium, derived from the SFXT flaring behavior, are in good agreement with macro-clumping scenario and line-driven instability simulations. SFXT are likely to have larger orbital radius than classical sgHMXB.
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18024
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Iping, R.C.
A1  - Sonneborn, G.
A1  - Massa, D.L.
A1  - Gies, D.
A1  - Williams, Simon E.
T1  - Far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of O+O binaries in the Magellanic Clouds
N2  - We report FUSE observations in 2005–2006 of three O-type, double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the Magellanic Clouds. The systems have very short periods (1.4–2.25 d), represent rare, young evolutionary stages of massive stars and binaries, and provide a unique glimpse at some of the most massive systems that form in dense clusters of massive stars. Improved orbit parameters, including revised masses, for LH54-425 are derived from new ctio spectroscopy. The systems are: LH54-425 in the LMC (O3V + O5V, P=2.25d, 62+37M⊙), J053441-693139 in the LMC (O2-3If+O6V, P=1.4 d, 41+27M⊙), and Hodge 53-47 in the SMC (O6V + O4-5IIIf, P=2.2 d, 24+14M⊙, where the O4 star appears to be less massive than the O6 star). Their short periods indicates that wind interaction and mass transfer are likely important factors in their evolution. The spectra provide quantitative and systematic studies of phase-dependent stellar wind properties, wind collision effects in O+O binaries at lower metallicities, improved radial velocity curves, and FUV spectro-photometric changes as a function of orbital phase.
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17896
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
A1  - Fauth, Henriette
A1  - Destina Sevde, Ay-Bryson
A1  - Visser, Leonie N.C.
A1  - Weck, Florian
T1  - Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.

Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.

Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06). 

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 817 
KW  - consultation
KW  - mental health
KW  - oncology
KW  - psycho-oncology
KW  - skills
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-582286
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 817
SP  - 9012
EP  - 9021
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Abdalla, Hassan E.
A1  - Adam, Remi
A1  - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1  - Benkhali, Faical Ait
A1  - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1  - Arakawa, Masanori
A1  - Arcaro, C
A1  - Armand, Catherine
A1  - Armstrong, T.
A1  - Egberts, Kathrin
T1  - Very high energy γ-ray emission from two blazars of unknown redshift and upper limits on their distance
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac objects KUV 00311-1938 and PKS 1440-389 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. observations were accompanied or preceded by multiwavelength observations with Fermi/LAT, XRT and UVOT onboard the Swift satellite, and ATOM. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi/LAT spectrum towards the VHE gamma-ray regime, we deduce a 95 per cent confidence level upper limit on the unknown redshift of KUV 00311-1938 of z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 of z < 0.53. When combined with previous spectroscopy results, the redshift of KUV 00311-1938 is constrained to 0.51 <= z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 to 0.14 (sic) z < 0.53.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1202 
KW  - BL Lacertae objects: individual
KW  - galaxies: high-redshift
KW  - gamma-rays: general
KW  - Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-526000
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miranda, Rodrigo A.
A1  - Rempel, Erico L.
A1  - Chian, Abraham C.-L.
A1  - Seehafer, Norbert
A1  - Toledo, Benjamin A.
T1  - Lagrangian coherent structures at the onset of hyperchaos in the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations
Y1  - 2013
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4811297
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miranda, Rodrigo A.
A1  - Rempel, Erico L.
A1  - Chian, Abraham C.-L.
A1  - Seehafer, Norbert
A1  - Toledo, Benjamin A.
A1  - Munoz, Pablo R.
T1  - Lagrangian coherent structures at the onset of hyperchaos in the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations
JF  - Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science
N2  - We study a transition to hyperchaos in the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with periodic boundary conditions and an external forcing term. Bifurcation diagrams are constructed by varying the Reynolds number, and a transition to hyperchaos (HC) is identified. Before the onset of HC, there is coexistence of two chaotic attractors and a hyperchaotic saddle. After the transition to HC, the two chaotic attractors merge with the hyperchaotic saddle, generating random switching between chaos and hyperchaos, which is responsible for intermittent bursts in the time series of energy and enstrophy. The chaotic mixing properties of the flow are characterized by detecting Lagrangian coherent structures. After the transition to HC, the flow displays complex Lagrangian patterns and an increase in the level of Lagrangian chaoticity during the bursty periods that can be predicted statistically by the hyperchaotic saddle prior to HC transition.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4811297
SN  - 1054-1500
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PB  - American Institute of Physics
CY  - Melville
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Tristram, Hildegard L.C.
T1  - On the ‘Celticity’ of Irish Newspapers : a research report
N2  - Extract: [...]Of all the print-media newspapers are the most commonly used. They are not literature in the sense of belles letters, but they should not be underestimated in their political, social and personal importance. No other printed product is as closely linked with everyday life as the newspapers. The day begins under their influence, and their contents mirror the events of the day with varying accuracy. Newspapers are strongly reader-oriented. They want to inform, but they also want to instil opinions. Specific choices of information shape the content level. Specific choices of language are resorted to in order to spread opinions and viewpoints. Language creates solidarity between the producers and the consumers of newspapers and thereby supports ideologies by specifically targeted linguistic means. Other strategies are employed for the same purpose, too. Visual aspects are of great importance, such as the typographical layout, the use of pictures, drawings, colours, fonts, etc.[...]
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19351
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sodoudi, Forough
A1  - Yuan, Xiaohui
A1  - Kind, Rainer
A1  - Lebedev, Sergei
A1  - Adam, Joanne M-C.
A1  - Kästle, Emanuel
A1  - Tilmann, Frederik
T1  - Seismic evidence for stratification in composition and anisotropic fabric within the thick lithosphere of Kalahari Craton
JF  - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
N2  - Based on joint consideration of S receiver functions and surface-wave anisotropy we present evidence for the existence of a thick and layered lithosphere beneath the Kalahari Craton. Our results show that frozen-in anisotropy and compositional changes can generate sharp Mid-Lithospheric Discontinuities (MLD) at depths of 85 and 150-200 km, respectively. We found that a 50 km thick anisotropic layer, containing 3% S wave anisotropy and with a fast-velocity axis different from that in the layer beneath, can account for the first MLD at about 85 km depth. Significant correlation between the depths of an apparent boundary separating the depleted and metasomatised lithosphere, as inferred from chemical tomography, and those of our second MLD led us to characterize it as a compositional boundary, most likely due to the modification of the cratonic mantle lithosphere by magma infiltration. The deepening of this boundary from 150 to 200 km is spatially correlated with the surficial expression of the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament (TML), implying that the TML isolates the lithosphere of the Limpopo terrane from that of the ancient Kaapvaal terrane. The largest velocity contrast (3.6-4.7%) is observed at a boundary located at depths of 260-280 km beneath the Archean domains and the older Proterozoic belt. This boundary most likely represents the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary, which shallows to about 200 km beneath the younger Proterozoic belt. Thus, the Kalahari lithosphere may have survived multiple episodes of intense magmatism and collisional rifting during the billions of years of its history, which left their imprint in its internal layering.
KW  - lithospheric layering
KW  - S receiver functions
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GC004955
SN  - 1525-2027
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
SP  - 5393
EP  - 5412
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ciobanu, M. -C.
A1  - Rabineau, M.
A1  - Droz, L.
A1  - Revillon, S.
A1  - Ghiglione, J. -F.
A1  - Dennielou, B.
A1  - Jorry, S. -J.
A1  - Kallmeyer, Jens
A1  - Etoubleau, J.
A1  - Pignet, P.
A1  - Crassous, P.
A1  - Vandenabeele-Trambouze, O.
A1  - Laugier, J.
A1  - Guegan, M.
A1  - Godfroy, A.
A1  - Alain, K.
T1  - Sedimentological imprint on subseafloor microbial communities in Western Mediterranean Sea Quaternary sediments
JF  - Biogeosciences
N2  - An interdisciplinary study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between geological and paleoenvironmental parameters and the bacterial and archaeal community structure of two contrasting subseafloor sites in the Western Mediterranean Sea (Ligurian Sea and Gulf of Lion). Both depositional environments in this area are well-documented from paleoclimatic and paleooceanographic point of views. Available data sets allowed us to calibrate the investigated cores with reference and dated cores previously collected in the same area, and notably correlated to Quaternary climate variations. DNA-based fingerprints showed that the archaeal diversity was composed by one group, Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group (MCG), within the Gulf of Lion sediments and of nine different lineages (dominated by MCG, South African Gold Mine Euryarchaeotal Group (SAGMEG) and Halobacteria) within the Ligurian Sea sediments. Bacterial molecular diversity at both sites revealed mostly the presence of the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria within Proteobacteria phylum, and also members of Bacteroidetes phylum. The second most abundant lineages were Actinobacteria and Firmicutes at the Gulf of Lion site and Chloroflexi at the Ligurian Sea site. Various substrates and cultivation conditions allowed us to isolate 75 strains belonging to four lineages: Alpha-, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. In molecular surveys, the Betaproteobacteria group was consistently detected in the Ligurian Sea sediments, characterized by a heterolithic facies with numerous turbidites from a deep-sea levee. Analysis of relative betaproteobacterial abundances and turbidite frequency suggested that the microbial diversity was a result of main climatic changes occurring during the last 20 ka. Statistical direct multivariate canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) showed that the availability of electron acceptors and the quality of electron donors (indicated by age) strongly influenced the community structure. In contrast, within the Gulf of Lion core, characterized by a homogeneous lithological structure of upper-slope environment, most detected groups were Bacteroidetes and, to a lesser extent, Betaproteobacteria. At both site, the detection of Betaproteobacteria coincided with increased terrestrial inputs, as confirmed by the geochemical measurements (Si, Sr, Ti and Ca). In the Gulf of Lion, geochemical parameters were also found to drive microbial community composition. Taken together, our data suggest that the palaeoenvironmental history of erosion and deposition recorded in the Western Mediterranean Sea sediments has left its imprint on the sedimentological context for microbial habitability, and then indirectly on structure and composition of the microbial communities during the late Quaternary.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3491-2012
SN  - 1726-4170
VL  - 9
IS  - 9
SP  - 3491
EP  - 3512
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Langer, Norbert
A1  - Yoon, S.-C
A1  - Wellstein, Stephan
A1  - Scheithauer, S.
T1  - On the evolution of interacting binaries which contain a white dwarf
N2  - We discuss the evolution of white dwarf containing binaries, in particular such systems consisting of a white dwarf and a main sequence star which have the potential to produce a Type Ia supernova. After investigating current problems in connecting observations of supersoft X-ray sources with such systems, we consider two major problems which theoretical models encounter to produce Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs: the helium shell burning instability and the white dwarf spin-up. We conclude by suggesting that the formation of Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs may be easier when these two problem are considered simultaneously.
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 1-58381-101-X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rasser, Michael W.
A1  - Scheibner, C
A1  - Mutti, Maria
T1  - A paleoenvironmental standard section for Early Ilerdian tropical carbonate factories (Corbieres, France; Pyrenees, Spain)
N2  - Early Ilerdian (Early Eocene, Shallow Benthic Zones 5 and 6) carbonate systems of the Pyrenees shelf were deposited after a time of severe climatic ('Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM') and phylogenetic ('Larger Foraminifer Turnover') changes. They reflect the radiation of nummulitid, alveolinid, and orbitolitid larger foraminifera after remarkable biotic changes at the end of the Paleocene, and announce their subsequent flourishing in the Middle Eocene. A paleoenvironmental model for tropical carbonate environments of this particular time interval is provided herein. During the Early Ilerdian, the inner and middle ramp deposits from Minerve, Campo and Serraduy revealed the end-member of a tropical carbonate factory with carbonate production dominated by the end-members of biotically (photo-autotrophic skeletal) controlled and biotically induced carbonate precipitation. Inner platform environments are dominated by alveolinids and in part by orbitolitids, middle platform environments are dominated by nummulitids. Corals are present, but they do not form reefs, which is a typical feature for the Eocene. Nummulite shoal complexes, which are well-known from the Middle Eocene are also absent during the studied Early Ilerdian interval, which may reflect the early evolutionary stage of this group
Y1  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Assagra, Yuri A.O.
A1  - Altafim, Ruy Alberto Pisani
A1  - do Carmo, Joao P.
A1  - Altafim, Ruy A.C.
A1  - Rychkov, Dmitry
A1  - Wirges, Werner
A1  - Gerhard, Reimund
T1  - A new route to piezo-polymer transducers: 3D printing of polypropylene ferroelectrets
JF  - IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation
N2  - Here, a promising approach for producing piezo-polymer transducers in a one-step process is presented. Using 3D-printing technology and polypropylene (PP) filaments, we are able to print a two-layered film structure with regular cavities of precisely controlled size and shape. It is found that the 3D-printed samples exhibit piezoelectric coefficients up to 200 pC/N, similar to those of other PP ferroelectrets, and their temporal and thermal behavior is in good agreement with those known of PP ferroelectrets. The piezoelectric response strongly decreases for applied pressures above 20 kPa, as the pressure in the air-filled cavities strongly influences the overall elastic modulus of ferroelectrets.
KW  - 3D printing
KW  - polymer ferroelectrets
KW  - sensors and actuators
KW  - piezoelectrets
KW  - electret polymers
KW  - soft electro-active materials
KW  - functional materials
KW  - soft matter
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2020.008461
SN  - 1070-9878
SN  - 1558-4135
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
SP  - 1668
EP  - 1674
PB  - Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers
CY  - Piscataway
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Morel, T.
A1  - Castro, Norberto
A1  - Fossati, Luca
A1  - Hubrig, Swetlana
A1  - Langer, N.
A1  - Przybilla, Norbert
A1  - Schöller, Markus
A1  - Carroll, Thorsten Anthony
A1  - Ilyin, Ilya
A1  - Irrgang, Andreas
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Schneider, Fabian R. N.
A1  - Simon Díaz, Sergio
A1  - Briquet, Maryline
A1  - González, Jean-Francois
A1  - Kharchenko, Nina
A1  - Nieva, M.-F.
A1  - Scholz, Ralf-Dieter
A1  - de Koter, Alexander
A1  - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
A1  - Herrero, Artemio
A1  - Maíz Apellániz, Jesus
A1  - Sana, Hugues
A1  - Arlt, Rainer
A1  - Barbá, Rodolfo H.
A1  - Dufton, Polly
A1  - Kholtygin, Alexander
A1  - Mathys, Gautier
A1  - Piskunov, Anatoly E.
A1  - Reisenegger, Andreas
A1  - Spruit, H.
A1  - Yoon, S.-C.
T1  - The B fields in OB stars (BOB) survey
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The B fields in OB stars (BOB) survey is an ESO large programme collecting spectropolarimetric observations for a large number of early-type stars in order to study the occurrence rate, properties, and ultimately the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars. As of July 2014, a total of 98 objects were observed over 20 nights with FORS2 and HARPSpol. Our preliminary results indicate that the fraction of magnetic OB stars with an organised, detectable field is low. This conclusion, now independently reached by two different surveys, has profound implications for any theoretical model attempting to explain the field formation in these objects. We discuss in this contribution some important issues addressed by our observations (e.g., the lower bound of the field strength) and the discovery of some remarkable objects.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 821 
KW  - magnetic fields
KW  - stars: early-type
KW  - stars: magnetic fields
KW  - stars: individual (HD 164492C, CPD –57 ◦ 3509, HD 54879, β CMa, ε CMa)
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415238
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 821
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Martin, C.-I.
A1  - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang
T1  - The quantisation of edge symbols
N2  - We investigate operators on manifolds with edges from the point of view of the symbolic calculus induced by the singularities. We discuss new aspects of the quantisation of edge-degenerate symbols which lead to continuous operators in weighted edge spaces.
T3  - Preprint - (2005) 19 
Y1  - 2005
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29959
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chang, D. -C.
A1  - Viahmoudi, M. Hedayat
A1  - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang
T1  - PSEUDO-DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS WITH TWISTED SYMBOLIC STRUCTURE
JF  - Journal of nonlinear and convex analysis : an international journal
N2  - This paper is devoted to pseudo-differential operators and new applications. We establish necessary extensions of the standard calculus to specific classes of operator-valued symbols occurring in principal symbolic hierarchies of operators on manifolds with singularities or stratified spaces.
KW  - Pseudo-differential operators
KW  - boundary value problems
KW  - operator valued symbols
KW  - Fourier transform
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 1345-4773
SN  - 1880-5221
VL  - 17
SP  - 1889
EP  - 1937
PB  - Yokohama Publishers
CY  - Yokohama
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chang, D. -C.
A1  - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang
T1  - Calculus on spaces with higher singularities
JF  - Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications
N2  - We establish extensions of the standard pseudo-differential calculus to specific classes of operators with operator-valued symbols occurring in symbolic hierarchies motivated by manifolds with higher singularities or stratified spaces.
KW  - Pseudo-differential operators
KW  - Operator-valued symbols
KW  - Fourier and Mellin transform
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11868-016-0180-x
SN  - 1662-9981
SN  - 1662-999X
VL  - 8
SP  - 585
EP  - 622
PB  - Springer
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Wang, Victor-C.
T1  - Injury and illness risk factors for elite athletes in training environment
T1  - Verletzung und Krankheit Risikofaktoren für Elite-Athleten im Trainingsumfeld
BT  - a comparison between Germany and Taiwan
BT  - ein Vergleich zwischen Deutschland und Taiwan
N2  - Since 1998, elite athletes’ sport injuries have been monitored in single sport event, which leads to the development of first comprehensive injury surveillance system in multi-sport Olympic Games in 2008. However, injury and illness occurred in training phases have not been systematically studied due to its multi-facets, potentially interactive risk related factors. The present thesis aim to address issues of feasibility of establishing a validated measure for injury/illness, training environment and psychosocial risk factors by creating the evaluation tool namely risk of injury questionnaire (Risk-IQ) for elite athletes, which based on IOC consensus statement 2009 recommended content of preparticipation evaluation(PPE) and periodic health exam (PHE).
A total of 335 top level athletes and a total of 88 medical care providers from Germany and Taiwan participated in tow “cross-sectional plus longitudinal” Risk-IQ and MCPQ surveys respectively. Four categories of injury/illness related risk factors questions were asked in Risk-IQ for athletes while injury risk and psychological related questions were asked in MCPQ for MCP cohorts. Answers were quantified scales wise/subscales wise before analyzed with other factors/scales. In addition, adapted variables such as sport format were introduced for difference task of analysis.
Validated with 2-wyas translation and test-retest reliabilities, the Risk-IQ was proved to be in good standard which were further confirmed by analyzed results from official surveys in both Germany and Taiwan.  The result of Risk-IQ revealed that elite athletes’ accumulated total injuries, in general, were multi-factor dependent; influencing factors including but not limited to background experiences, medical history, PHE and PPE medical resources as well as stress from life events. Injuries of different body parts were sport format and location specific. Additionally, medical support of PPE and PHE indicated significant difference between German and Taiwan. 
The result of the present thesis confirmed that it is feasible to construct a comprehensive evalua-tion instrument for heterogeneous elite athletes cohorts’ risk factor analysis for injury/illness oc-curred during their non-competition periods. In average and with many moderators involved, Ger-man elite athletes have superior medical care support yet suffered more severe injuries than Tai-wanese counterparts. Opinions of injury related psychological issues reflected differently on vari-ous MCP groups irrespective of different nationalities. In general, influencing factors and interac-tions existed among relevant factors in both studies which implied further investigation with multiple regression analysis is needed for better understanding.
N2  - Seit 1998 werden Sportverletzungen von Elitesportlern in Einzeldisziplinen untersucht und überwacht. Daraus entwickelte sich das erste Überwachungssystem von Sportverletzungen für verschiedene Sportdisziplinen, das zum ersten Mal 2008 bei den Olympischen Spielen zum Einsatz kam. Verletzungen und Krankheiten, die aus dem Training resultieren können, wurden bisher noch nicht systematisch beschrieben, da die potentiellen Verletzungsfaktoren vielfältig sein können. Die vorliegende Dissertation hat zum Ziel, Fragen der Zweckmäßigkeit einer validierten Maßnahme zum Verletzungsrisiko und den damit verbundenen psychosozialen Faktoren zu untersuchen. Ausgangspunkt für die Untersuchung  ist das IOC consensus statement aus dem Jahr 2009 mit den beiden Bereichen PPE und PHE.
335 Elitesportler und 88 sportmedizinische Versorger aus Deutschland und Taiwan nahmen (zwischen Oktober 2013 und Februar 2014) an einer Querschnitts- und Längsstudie (Risk-IQ und MCPQ) teil.  In der Risk-IQ-Umfrage unter den Elitesportlern wurden Fragen zu vier Kategorien von Verletzungsfaktoren gestellt. Die sportmedizinischen Versorger beantworteten Fragen zu Verletzungsrisiken und psychologische Fragen. Die Antworten wurden in Skalen und Unterskalen quantifiziert, bevor sie mit anderen Faktoren analysiert wurden. Darüber hinaus wurden angepasste Variablen wie zum Beispiel das Sportformat eingeführt.
Im Vorfeld der Studie wurden die Übersetzungen der Umfragefragen validiert und Reliabilitäts-Test und Retests durchgeführt, bevor die Umfragen in Deutschland und Taiwan durchgeführt wurden. Das Ergebnis der Umfrage unter den Elitesportlern zeigt, dass die Sportverletzungen im Allgemeinen von verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig sind: Trainingserfahrungen, Leistungsniveau, medizinische Vorgeschichte, PHE und PPE Ressourcen sowie von psychosozialem Stress, der durch bestimmte Erlebnisse oder Schicksalsschläge ausgelöst werden kann. Die Art der Verletzungen werden durch die Sportart und den Trainingsort beeinflusst. Auch die medizinische Versorgung im Rahmen der PPE und PHE ist signifikant verschieden zwischen Deutschland und Taiwan.
Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass es anhand eines umfassenden Erhebungsinstruments möglich ist, Verletzungsfaktoren für Elite-Athleten zu identifizieren. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass deutsche Elitesportler eine bessere medizinische Versorgung genießen als taiwanische Elitesportler. Allerdings sind sie auch von schwereren Verletzungen betroffen. Die Antworten zu den psychosozialen Einflussfaktoren gehen auseinander und lassen sich nicht auf Sportler einer Nationalität beschränken.
KW  - injury and illness
KW  - risk factors
KW  - elite athlete
KW  - sport training
KW  - Germany
KW  - Taiwan
KW  - Risikofaktoren
KW  - Verletzung
KW  - Elite-Athleten
KW  - Deutschland
KW  - Taiwan
KW  - injury surveillance
KW  - multi-sports
KW  - IOC
KW  - Olympic Games
KW  - national Olympic committees (NOCs)
KW  - international sport federations (IFs)
KW  - international competition participation
KW  - training phases
KW  - interaction
KW  - feasibility
KW  - validated measure
KW  - training environment
KW  - psychosocial
KW  - evaluation tool
KW  - sport injury
KW  - questionnaire
KW  - Risk-IQ
KW  - IOC consensus statement 2009
KW  - pre-participation evaluation (PPE)
KW  - periodic health exam (PHE)
KW  - medical care providers (MCP)
KW  - medical care providers questionnaire (MCPQ)
KW  - cross-sectional
KW  - longitudinal
KW  - intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC)
KW  - factor analysis
KW  - scales
KW  - sport format
KW  - sport location
KW  - 2-wyas translation
KW  - forward and backward translation
KW  - test-retest reliabilities
KW  - multi-factor
KW  - medical history
KW  - medical resources
KW  - stress
KW  - inventory of life events (ILE)
KW  - perceived stress scale (PSS)
KW  - overtraining syndrome
KW  - body parts
KW  - medical education
KW  - medical support
KW  - comprehensive evaluation instrument
KW  - heterogeneous cohorts
KW  - non-competition periods
KW  - moderators
KW  - severe injury
KW  - opinions
KW  - nationalities
KW  - interactions
KW  - multiple logistic regression
KW  - Colorado injury report system (CIRS)
KW  - sport injury risk factors model
KW  - TRIPP model
KW  - stress and injury model
KW  - Bland and Altman plot
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100925
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Koch, Andreas
A1  - Fischer, G.
A1  - Askolin, C.-P.
T1  - 13 C NMR, 15 N NMR and quantum-chemical study of the tautomerism of 2-substituted 5-ME-7-OH-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines
Y1  - 1997
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C .
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Drozdov, Alexander
A1  - Michaelis, Ingo
T1  - Multi-MeV electron loss in the heart of the radiation belts
JF  - Geophysical research letters
N2  - Significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding acceleration mechanisms in the Earth's radiation belts. In particular, a number of studies demonstrated the importance of the local acceleration by analyzing the radial profiles of phase space density (PSD) and observing building up peaks in PSD. In this study, we focus on understanding of the local loss using very similar tools. The profiles of PSD for various values of the first adiabatic invariants during the previously studied 17 January 2013 storm are presented and discussed. The profiles of PSD show clear deepening minimums consistent with the scattering by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. Long-term evolution shows that local minimums in PSD can persist for relatively long times. During considered interval of time the deepening minimums were observed around L* = 4 during 17 January 2013 storm and around L* = 3.5 during 1 March 2013 storm. This study shows a new method that can help identify the location, magnitude, and time of the local loss and will help quantify local loss in the future. This study also provides additional clear and definitive evidence that local loss plays a major role for the dynamics of the multi-MeV electrons.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL072258
SN  - 0094-8276
SN  - 1944-8007
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
SP  - 1204
EP  - 1209
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  -