TY  - JOUR
A1  - Patil, Umesh
A1  - Hanne, Sandra
A1  - Burchert, Frank
A1  - De Bleser, Ria
A1  - Vasishth, Shravan
T1  - A Computational Evaluation of Sentence Processing Deficits in Aphasia
JF  - Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society
N2  - Individuals with agrammatic Broca's aphasia experience difficulty when processing reversible non-canonical sentences. Different accounts have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. The Trace Deletion account (Grodzinsky, 1995, 2000, 2006) attributes this deficit to an impairment in syntactic representations, whereas others (e.g., Caplan, Waters, Dede, Michaud, & Reddy, 2007; Haarmann, Just, & Carpenter, 1997) propose that the underlying structural representations are unimpaired, but sentence comprehension is affected by processing deficits, such as slow lexical activation, reduction in memory resources, slowed processing and/or intermittent deficiency, among others. We test the claims of two processing accounts, slowed processing and intermittent deficiency, and two versions of the Trace Deletion Hypothesis (TDH), in a computational framework for sentence processing (Lewis & Vasishth, 2005) implemented in ACT-R (Anderson, Byrne, Douglass, Lebiere, & Qin, 2004). The assumption of slowed processing is operationalized as slow procedural memory, so that each processing action is performed slower than normal, and intermittent deficiency as extra noise in the procedural memory, so that the parsing steps are more noisy than normal. We operationalize the TDH as an absence of trace information in the parse tree. To test the predictions of the models implementing these theories, we use the data from a German sentence—picture matching study reported in Hanne, Sekerina, Vasishth, Burchert, and De Bleser (2011). The data consist of offline (sentence-picture matching accuracies and response times) and online (eye fixation proportions) measures. From among the models considered, the model assuming that both slowed processing and intermittent deficiency are present emerges as the best model of sentence processing difficulty in aphasia. The modeling of individual differences suggests that, if we assume that patients have both slowed processing and intermittent deficiency, they have them in differing degrees.
KW  - Aphasia
KW  - Non-canonical sentences
KW  - Sentence-picture matching
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Computational modeling
KW  - Cognitive architecture
KW  - Individual differences
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12250
SN  - 0364-0213
SN  - 1551-6709
VL  - 40
SP  - 5
EP  - 50
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wartenburger, Isabell
A1  - Heekeren, Hauke R.
A1  - Burchert, Frank
A1  - Heinemann, Steffi
A1  - De Bleser, Ria
A1  - Villringer, Arno
T1  - Neural correlates of syntactic transformations
N2  - Many agrammatic aphasics have a specific syntactic comprehension deficit involving processing syntactic transformations. It has been proposed that this deficit is due to a dysfunction of Broca's area, an area that is thought to be critical for comprehension of complex transformed sentences. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of Broca's area in processing canonical and non-canonical sentences in healthy subjects. The sentences were presented auditorily and were controlled for task difficulty. Subjects were asked to judge the grammaticality of the sentences while their brain activity was monitored using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Processing both kinds of sentences resulted in activation of language-related brain regions. Comparison of non-canonical and canonical sentences showed greater activation in bilateral temporal regions; a greater activation of Broca's area in processing antecedent-gap relations was not found. Moreover, the posterior part of Broca's area was conjointly activated by both sentence conditions. Broca's area is thus involved in general syntactic processing as required by grammaticality judgments and does not seem to have a specific role in processing syntactic transformations. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Y1  - 2004
UR  - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/38751/home
SN  - 1065-9471
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wartenburger, Isabell
A1  - Burchert, Frank
A1  - Heekeren, Hauke R.
A1  - De Bleser, Ria
A1  - Villringer, Arno
T1  - Grammaticality judgments on sentences with and without movement of phrasal constituents : an event-related fMRI study
Y1  - 2003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09116044
SN  - 0911-6044
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Marusch, Tina
A1  - von der Malsburg, Titus Raban
A1  - Bastiaanse, Roelien
A1  - Burchert, Frank
ED  - Fritzsche, Tom
ED  - Meyer, Corinna B.
ED  - Adelt, Anne
ED  - Roß, Jennifer
T1  - Tempusmorphologie bei deutschen Agrammatikern
BT  - Die Sprachproduktion von regulären, irregulären und gemischten Verben
JF  - Spektrum Patholinguistik
N2  - 1 Einleitung 2 Ziele der Studie und Vorhersagen 3 Methodologie 4 Ergebnisse 5 Ausblick 6 Literatur
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68595
SN  - 1866-9085
SN  - 1866-9433
IS  - 6
SP  - 219
EP  - 223
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  -