TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chen, Xiaomin
A1  - Hanschen, Franziska S.
A1  - Neugart, Susanne
A1  - Schreiner, Monika
A1  - Vargas, Sara A.
A1  - Gutschmann, Björn
A1  - Baldermann, Susanne
T1  - Boiling and steaming induced changes in secondary metabolites in three different cultivars of pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis)
JF  - Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
N2  - Pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) is a leafy vegetable that is widely available in Asia and consumed in rising quantities in Europe. Pak choi contains high levels of secondary plant metabolites, such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, and vitamin K, which are beneficial for humans if consumed on a regular basis. The evaluation of the genotype-induced variation of secondary plant metabolites revealed that the cultivar ‘Amur’ contained the highest concentration of secondary plant metabolites. Furthermore, steaming retained more chlorophylls, glucosinolates, phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds than boiling. In contrast, both domestic cooking methods – boiling, and steaming – reduced the formation of glucosinolate breakdown products, especially the undesired epithionitriles and nitriles but less of the health-beneficial isothiocyanates.
KW  - Pak choi
KW  - Secondary metabolites
KW  - Glucosinolates
KW  - Carotenoids
KW  - Chlorophylls
KW  - Flavonoids
KW  - Vitamin K
KW  - Domestic cooking
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2019.06.004
SN  - 0889-1575
SN  - 1096-0481
VL  - 82
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gutschmann, Björn
A1  - Simões, Matilde Maldonado
A1  - Schiewe, Thomas
A1  - Schröter, Edith S.
A1  - Münzberg, Marvin
A1  - Neubauer, Peter
A1  - Bockisch, Anika
A1  - Riedel, Sebastian Lothar Stefan
T1  - Continuous feeding strategy for polyhydroxyalkanoate production from solid waste animal fat at laboratory- and pilot-scale
JF  - Microbial biotechnology / Society for Applied Microbiology
N2  - Bioconversion of waste animal fat (WAF) to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is an approach to lower the production costs of these plastic alternatives. However, the solid nature of WAF requires a tailor-made process development. In this study, a double-jacket feeding system was built to thermally liquefy the WAF to employ a continuous feeding strategy. During laboratory-scale cultivations with Ralstonia eutropha Re2058/pCB113, 70% more PHA (45 g(PHA) L-1) and a 75% higher space-time yield (0.63 g(PHA) L-1 h(-1)) were achieved compared to previously reported fermentations with solid WAF. During the development process, growth and PHA formation were monitored in real-time by in-line photon density wave spectroscopy. The process robustness was further evaluated during scale-down fermentations employing an oscillating aeration, which did not alter the PHA yield although cells encountered periods of oxygen limitation. Flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining showed that more than two-thirds of the cells were viable at the end of the cultivation and viability was even little higher in the scale-down cultivations. Application of this feeding system at 150-L pilot-scale cultivation yielded in 31.5 g(PHA) L-1, which is a promising result for the further scale-up to industrial scale.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14104
SN  - 1751-7915
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -