TY  - JOUR
A1  - Beck, Jan
A1  - Ballesteros-Mejia, Liliana
A1  - Buchmann, Carsten M.
A1  - Dengler, Jürgen
A1  - Fritz, Susanne A.
A1  - Gruber, Bernd
A1  - Hof, Christian
A1  - Jansen, Florian
A1  - Knapp, Sonja
A1  - Kreft, Holger
A1  - Schneider, Anne-Kathrin
A1  - Winter, Marten
A1  - Dormann, Carsten F.
T1  - What's on the horizon for macroecology?
JF  - Ecography : pattern and diversity in ecology ; research papers forum
N2  - Over the last two decades, macroecology the analysis of large-scale, multi-species ecological patterns and processes has established itself as a major line of biological research. Analyses of statistical links between environmental variables and biotic responses have long and successfully been employed as a main approach, but new developments are due to be utilized. Scanning the horizon of macroecology, we identified four challenges that will probably play a major role in the future. We support our claims by examples and bibliographic analyses. 1) Integrating the past into macroecological analyses, e.g. by using paleontological or phylogenetic information or by applying methods from historical biogeography, will sharpen our understanding of the underlying reasons for contemporary patterns. 2) Explicit consideration of the local processes that lead to the observed larger-scale patterns is necessary to understand the fine-grain variability found in nature, and will enable better prediction of future patterns (e.g. under environmental change conditions). 3) Macroecology is dependent on large-scale, high quality data from a broad spectrum of taxa and regions. More available data sources need to be tapped and new, small-grain large-extent data need to be collected. 4) Although macroecology already lead to mainstreaming cutting-edge statistical analysis techniques, we find that more sophisticated methods are needed to account for the biases inherent to sampling at large scale. Bayesian methods may be particularly suitable to address these challenges. To continue the vigorous development of the macroecological research agenda, it is time to address these challenges and to avoid becoming too complacent with current achievements.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07364.x
SN  - 0906-7590
SN  - 1600-0587
VL  - 35
IS  - 8
SP  - 673
EP  - 683
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Seitz, Aaron P.
A1  - Schumacher, Fabian
A1  - Baker, Jennifer
A1  - Soddemann, Matthias
A1  - Wilker, Barbara
A1  - Caldwell, Charles C.
A1  - Gobble, Ryan M.
A1  - Kamler, Markus
A1  - Becker, Katrin Anne
A1  - Beck, Sascha
A1  - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1  - Edwards, Michael J.
A1  - Gulbins, Erich
T1  - Sphingosine-coating of plastic surfaces prevents ventilator-associated pneumonia
JF  - Journal of molecular medicine
N2  - Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Here, we employed the broad antibacterial effects of sphingosine to prevent VAP by developing a novel method of coating surfaces of endotracheal tubes with sphingosine and sphingosine analogs. Sphingosine and phytosphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes prevent adherence and mediate killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus, even in biofilms. Most importantly, sphingosine-coating of endotracheal tubes also prevented P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pneumonia in vivo. Coating of the tubes with sphingosine was stable, without obvious side effects on tracheal epithelial cells and did not induce inflammation. In summary, we describe a novel method to coat plastic surfaces and provide evidence for the application of sphingosine and phytosphingosine as novel antimicrobial coatings to prevent bacterial adherence and induce killing of pathogens on the surface of endotracheal tubes with potential to prevent biofilm formation and VAP.Key messagesNovel dip-coating method to coat plastic surfaces with lipids.Sphingosine and phytosphingosine as novel antimicrobial coatings on plastic surface.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes prevent bacterial adherence and biofilms.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes induce killing of pathogens.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes ventilator-associated pneumonia.
KW  - Coating
KW  - Plastic surfaces
KW  - Sphingosine
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Acinetobacter baumannii
KW  - Pseudomonas aeruginosa
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-019-01800-1
SN  - 0946-2716
SN  - 1432-1440
VL  - 97
IS  - 8
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1211
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -