TY - JOUR A1 - Haase, A. A1 - Mantion, A. A1 - Graf, P. A1 - Plendl, J. A1 - Thünemann, Andreas F. A1 - Meier, Wolfgang P. A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Luch, A. T1 - A novel type of silver nanoparticles and their advantages in toxicity testing in cell culture systems JF - Archives of toxicology : official journal of EUROTOX N2 - Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles worldwide. Often SNP are used because of their antibacterial properties. Besides that they possess unique optic and catalytic features, making them highly interesting for the creation of novel and advanced functional materials. Despite its widespread use only little data exist in terms of possible adverse effects of SNP on human health. Conventional synthesis routes usually yield products of varying quality and property. It thus may become puzzling to compare biological data from different studies due to the great variety in sizes, coatings or shapes of the particles applied. Here, we applied a novel synthesis approach to obtain SNP of well-defined colloidal and structural properties. Being stabilized by a covalently linked small peptide, these particles are nicely homogenous, with narrow size distribution, and form monodisperse suspensions in aqueous solutions. We applied these peptide-coated SNP in two different sizes of 20 or 40 nm (Ag20Pep and Ag40Pep) and analyzed responses of THP-1-derived human macrophages while being exposed against these particles. Gold nanoparticles of similar size and coating (Au20Pep) were used for comparison. The cytotoxicity of particles was assessed by WST-1 and LDH assays, and the uptake into the cells was confirmed via transmission electron microscopy. In summary, our data demonstrate that this novel type of SNP is well suited to serve as model system for nanoparticles to be tested in toxicological studies in vitro. KW - Silver nanoparticles KW - Peptide coating KW - Nanotoxicity Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0836-0 SN - 0340-5761 VL - 86 IS - 7 SP - 1089 EP - 1098 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tentschert, J. A1 - Draude, F. A1 - Jungnickel, H. A1 - Haase, A. A1 - Mantion, Alexandre A1 - Galla, S. A1 - Thuenemann, Andreas F. A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Luch, A. A1 - Arlinghaus, H. F. T1 - TOF-SIMS analysis of cell membrane changes in functional impaired human macrophages upon nanosilver treatment JF - Surface and interface analysis : an international journal devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis surfaces, interfaces and thin films N2 - Silver nanoparticles (SNP) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles. Here, we show that peptide-coated SNP cause functional impairment of human macrophages. A dose-dependent inhibition of phagocytosis is observed after nanoparticle treatment, and pretreatment of cells with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can counteract the phagocytosis disturbances caused by SNP. Using the surface-sensitive mode of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, in combination with multivariate statistical methods, we studied the composition of cell membranes in human macrophages upon exposure to SNP with and without NAC preconditioning. This method revealed characteristic changes in the lipid pattern of the cellular membrane outer leaflet in those cells challenged by SNP. Statistical analyses resulted in 19 characteristic ions, which can be used to distinguish between NAC pretreated and untreated macrophages. The present study discusses the assignments of surface cell membrane phospholipids for the identified ions and the resulting changes in the phospholipid pattern of treated cells. We conclude that the adverse effects in human macrophages caused by SNP can be partially reversed through NAC administration. Some alterations, however, remained. KW - silver nanoparticles KW - lipidomics KW - N-acetyl cysteine KW - phagocytosis KW - oxidative stress Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5155 SN - 0142-2421 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 483 EP - 485 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Draude, F. A1 - Galla, S. A1 - Pelster, Axel A1 - Tentschert, J. A1 - Jungnickel, H. A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Mantion, Alexandre A1 - Thuenemann, Andreas F. A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Luch, A. A1 - Arlinghaus, H. F. T1 - ToF-SIMS and Laser-SNMS analysis of macrophages after exposure to silver nanoparticles JF - Surface and interface analysis : an international journal devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis surfaces, interfaces and thin films N2 - Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles because of their antibacterial effects. Besides being employed, e. g. as a coatingmaterial for sterile surfaces in household articles and appliances, the particles are also used in a broad range of medical applications. Their antibacterial properties make SNPs especially useful for wound disinfection or as a coating material for prostheses and surgical instruments. Because of their optical characteristics, the particles are of increasing interest in biodetection as well. Despite the widespread use of SNPs, there is little knowledge of their toxicity. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and laser post-ionization secondary neutral mass spectrometry (Laser-SNMS) were used to investigate the effects of SNPs on human macrophages derived from THP-1 cells in vitro. For this purpose, macrophages were exposed to SNPs. The SNP concentration ranges were chosen with regard to functional impairments of the macrophages. To optimize the analysis of the macrophages, a special silicon wafer sandwich preparation technique was employed; ToF-SIMS was employed to characterize fragments originating from macrophage cell membranes. With the use of this optimized sample preparation method, the SNP-exposed macrophages were analyzed with ToF-SIMS and with Laser-SNMS. With Laser-SNMS, the three-dimensional distribution of SNPs in cells could be readily detected with very high efficiency, sensitivity, and submicron lateral resolution. We found an accumulation of SNPs directly beneath the cell membrane in a nanoparticular state as well as agglomerations of SNPs inside the cells. KW - Laser-SNMS KW - ToF-SIMS KW - life sciences KW - imaging KW - nanoparticles KW - three-dimensional depth profiling Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.4902 SN - 0142-2421 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 286 EP - 289 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kind, Lucy A1 - Plamper, Felix A. A1 - Goebel, Ronald A1 - Mantion, Alexandre A1 - Mueller, Axel H. E. A1 - Pieles, Uwe A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Meier, Wolfgang P. T1 - Silsesquioxane/polyamine nanoparticle-templated formation of star- or raspberry-like silica nanoparticles N2 - Silica is an important mineral in biology and technology, and many protocols have been developed for the synthesis of complex silica architectures. The current report shows that silsesquioxane nanoparticles carrying polymer arms on their surface are efficient templates for the fabrication of silica particles with a star- or raspberry-like morphology. The shape of the resulting particles depends on the chemistry of the polymer arms. With poly(N,N- dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) arms, spherical particles with a less electron dense core form. With poly {[2- (methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium iodide} (PMETAI), star- or raspberry-like particles form. Electron microscopy, electron tomography, and small-angle X-ray scattering show that the resulting silica particles have a complex structure, where a silsequioxane nanoparticle carrying the polymer arms is in the center. Next is a region that is polymer-rich. The outermost region of the particle is a silica layer, where the outer parts of the polymer arms are embedded. Time- resolved zeta-potential and pH measurements, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy reveal that silica formation proceeds differently if PDMAEMA is exchanged for PMETAI. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/journal/langd5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/La900229n SN - 0743-7463 ER -