TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jiang, G. F.
A1  - DePoy, D. L.
A1  - Gal-Yam, A.
A1  - Gaudi, B. S.
A1  - Gould, A.
A1  - Han, C.
A1  - Lipkin, Y.
A1  - Maoz, D.
A1  - Ofek, E. O.
A1  - Park, B. G.
A1  - Pogge, R. W.
A1  - Udalski, A.
A1  - Kubiak, Marcin
A1  - Szymanski, M. K.
A1  - Szewczyk, O.
A1  - Zerbrun, K.
A1  - Wyrzykowski, L.
A1  - Soszynski, I.
A1  - Pietrzynski, G.
A1  - Albrow, Michael D.
A1  - Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe
A1  - Caldwell, John A. R.
A1  - Cassan, A.
A1  - Coutures, C.
A1  - Dominik, M.
A1  - Donatowicz, J.
A1  - Fouque, P.
A1  - Greenhill, John
A1  - Hill, K.
A1  - Horne, Keith
A1  - Jorgensen, S. F.
A1  - Jorgensen, Uffe Grae
A1  - Kane, Stephen R.
A1  - Kubas, Daniel
A1  - Martin, Ralph
A1  - Menzies, J. W.
A1  - Pollard, R.
A1  - Sahu, K. C.
A1  - Wambsganss, Joachim
A1  - Watson, R.
A1  - Williams, A.
T1  - OGLE-2003-BLG-238 : Microlensing mass estimate of an isolated star
N2  - Microlensing is the only known direct method to measure the masses of stars that lack visible companions. In terms of microlensing observables, the mass is given by M (c(2)/4G)(r) over tilde (E)theta(E) and so requires the measurement of both the angular Einstein radius theta(E) and the projected Einstein radius (r) over tilde (E). Simultaneous measurement of these two parameters is extremely rare. Here we analyze OGLE-2003-BLG-238, a spectacularly bright (I-min 10.3), high-magnification (A(max) 170) microlensing event. Pronounced finite-source effects permit a measurement of theta(E) = 650 muas. Although the timescale of the event is only t(E) 38 days, one can still obtain weak constraints on the microlens parallax: 4.4 AU < <(r)over tilde>(E) < 18 AU at the 1 &sigma; level. Together these two parameter measurements yield a range for the lens mass of 0.36 M-&ODOT; < M < 1.48 M-&ODOT;. As was the case for MACHO- LMC-5, the only other single star (apart from the Sun) whose mass has been determined from its gravitational effects, this estimate is rather crude. It does, however, demonstrate the viability of the technique. We also discuss future prospects for single-lens mass measurements
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0004-637X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ghosh, H.
A1  - DePoy, D. L.
A1  - Gal-Yam, A.
A1  - Gaudi, B. S.
A1  - Gould, A.
A1  - Han, C.
A1  - Lipkin, Y.
A1  - Maoz, D.
A1  - Ofek, E. O.
A1  - Park, B. G.
A1  - Pogge, R. W.
A1  - Salim, S.
A1  - Abe, Fumio
A1  - Bennett, David P.
A1  - Bond, I. A.
A1  - Eguchi, S.
A1  - Furuta, Y.
A1  - Hearnshaw, John B.
A1  - Kamiya, K.
A1  - Kilmartin, Pam M.
A1  - Kurata, Y.
A1  - Masuda, Kimiaki
A1  - Matsubara, Yutaka
A1  - Muraki, Y.
A1  - Noda, S.
A1  - Okajima, K.
A1  - Rattenbury, N. J.
A1  - Sako, T.
A1  - Sekiguchi, T.
A1  - Sullivan, D. J.
A1  - Sumi, T.
A1  - Tristram, P. J.
A1  - Yanagisawa, T.
A1  - Yock, P. C. M.
A1  - Udalski, A.
A1  - Soszynski, I.
A1  - Wyrzykowski, X.
A1  - Kubiak, Marcin
A1  - Szymanski, M. K.
A1  - Pietrzynski, G.
A1  - Szewczyk, O.
A1  - Zebru, 
T1  - Potential direct single-star mass measurement
N2  - We analyze the light curve of the microlensing event OGLE-2003-BLG-175/MOA-2003-BLG-45 and show that it has two properties that, when combined with future high-resolution astrometry, could lead to a direct, accurate measurement of the lens mass. First, the light curve shows clear signs of distortion due to the Earth's accelerated motion, which yields a measurement of the projected Einstein radius (r) over tilde (E). Second, from precise astrometric measurements, we show that the blended light in the event is coincident with the microlensed source to within about 15 mas. This argues strongly that this blended light is the lens and hence opens the possibility of directly measuring the lens- source relative proper motion mu(rel) and so the mass M=(c(2)/4G)mu(rel)t(E)(r) over tilde (E), where t(E) is the measured Einstein timescale. While the light-curve-based measurement of (r) over tildeE is, by itself, severely degenerate, we show that this degeneracy can be completely resolved by measuring the direction of proper motion mu(rel)
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0004-637X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lendlein, Andreas
A1  - Balk, Maria
A1  - Tarazona, Natalia A.
A1  - Gould, Oliver E. C.
T1  - Bioperspectives for Shape-Memory Polymers as Shape Programmable, Active Materials
JF  - Biomacromolecules : an interdisciplinary journal focused at the interface of polymer science and the biological sciences
N2  - Within the natural world, organisms use information stored in their material structure to generate a physical response to a wide variety of environmental changes. The ability to program synthetic materials to intrinsically respond to environmental changes in a similar manner has the potential to revolutionize material science. By designing polymeric devices capable of responsively changing shape or behavior based on information encoded into their structure, we can create functional physical behavior, including a shape memory and an actuation capability. Here we highlight the stimuli-responsiveness and shape-changing ability of biological materials and biopolymer-based materials, plus their potential biomedical application, providing a bioperspective on shape-memory materials. We address strategies to incorporate a shape memory (actuation) function in polymeric materials, conceptualized in terms of its relationship with inputs (environmental stimuli) and outputs (shape change). Challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of several functions in a single material body to achieve multifunctionality are discussed. Finally, we describe how elements that sense, convert, and transmit stimuli have been used to create multisensitive materials.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01074
SN  - 1525-7797
SN  - 1526-4602
VL  - 20
IS  - 10
SP  - 3627
EP  - 3640
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rader, Oliver
A1  - Fauth, K.
A1  - Gould, C.
A1  - Ruster, C.
A1  - Schott, G. M.
A1  - Schmidt, G.
A1  - Brunner, K.
A1  - Molenkamp, Laurens W.
A1  - Schutz, G.
A1  - Kronast, F.
A1  - Durr, H. A.
A1  - Eberhardt, W.
A1  - Gudat, Wolfgang
T1  - Identification of extrinsic Mn contributions in Ga1-xMnxAs by field-dependent magnetic circular X-ray dichroism
N2  - We combine sensitivity to atomic number, chemical shifts, probing depth, and magnetic order in a field- dependent magnetic circular X-ray dichroism study at the Mn L-edge of the diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga1-xMnxAs and observe different Mn constituents: ferromagnetic Mn with an n(d) > 5 lineshape and paramagnetic Mn with distinct n(d) = 5 lineshape. The paramagnetic Mn is assigned to interstitials with surface segregation tendency. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Y1  - 2005
SN  - 0368-2048
ER  -