TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gohlke, Sabrina
A1  - Mancini, Carola
A1  - Garcia-Carrizo, Francisco
A1  - Schulz, Tim J.
T1  - Loss of the ciliary gene Bbs4 results in defective thermogenesis due to metabolic inefficiency and impaired lipid metabolism
JF  - The FASEB journal : the official journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
N2  - Adipose tissue is central to the regulation of energy balance. While white adipose tissue (WAT) is responsible for triglyceride storage, brown adipose tissue specializes in energy expenditure. Deterioration of brown adipocyte function contributes to the development of metabolic complications like obesity and diabetes. These disorders are also leading symptoms of the Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), a hereditary disorder in humans which is caused by dysfunctions of the primary cilium and which therefore belongs to the group of ciliopathies. The cilium is a hair-like organelle involved in cellular signal transduction. The BBSome, a supercomplex of several Bbs gene products, localizes to the basal body of cilia and is thought to be involved in protein sorting to and from the ciliary membrane. The effects of a functional BBSome on energy metabolism and lipid mobilization in brown and white adipocytes were tested in whole-body Bbs4 knockout mice that were subjected to metabolic challenges. Chronic cold exposure reveals cold-intolerance of knockout mice but also ameliorates the markers of metabolic pathology detected in knockouts prior to cold. Hepatic triglyceride content is markedly reduced in knockout mice while circulating lipids are elevated, altogether suggesting that defective lipid metabolism in adipose tissue creates increased demand for systemic lipid mobilization to meet energetic demands of reduced body temperatures. These findings taken together suggest that Bbs4 is essential for the regulation of adipose tissue lipid metabolism, representing a potential target to treat metabolic disorders.
KW  - adipose tissue
KW  - Bbs4
KW  - BBsome
KW  - browning
KW  - cilium
KW  - lipid metabolism
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202100772RR
SN  - 1530-6860
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Gräf, Ralph
T1  - Comparative Biology of Centrosomal Structures in Eukaryotes
T2  - Cells
N2  - The centrosome is not only the largest and most sophisticated protein complex within a eukaryotic cell, in the light of evolution, it is also one of its most ancient organelles. This special issue of "Cells" features representatives of three main, structurally divergent centrosome types, i.e., centriole-containing centrosomes, yeast spindle pole bodies (SPBs), and amoebozoan nucleus-associated bodies (NABs). Here, I discuss their evolution and their key-functions in microtubule organization, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Furthermore, I provide a brief history of centrosome research and highlight recently emerged topics, such as the role of centrioles in ciliogenesis, the relationship of centrosomes and centriolar satellites, the integration of centrosomal structures into the nuclear envelope and the involvement of centrosomal components in non-centrosomal microtubule organization.
KW  - centrosome
KW  - centriole
KW  - cilium
KW  - basal body
KW  - spindle pole body
KW  - SPB
KW  - nucleus-associated body
KW  - NAB
KW  - microtubules
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells7110202
SN  - 2073-4409
VL  - 7
IS  - 11
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -