TY - JOUR
A1 - Rockström, Johan
A1 - Kotzé, Louis
A1 - Milutinović, Svetlana
A1 - Biermann, Frank
A1 - Brovkin, Victor
A1 - Donges, Jonathan
A1 - Ebbesson, Jonas
A1 - French, Duncan
A1 - Gupta, Joyeeta
A1 - Kim, Rakhyun
A1 - Lenton, Timothy
A1 - Lenzi, Dominic
A1 - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
A1 - Neumann, Barbara
A1 - Schuppert, Fabian
A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1 - Bosselmann, Klaus
A1 - Folke, Carl
A1 - Lucht, Wolfgang
A1 - Schlosberg, David
A1 - Richardson, Katherine
A1 - Steffen, Will
T1 - The planetary commons
BT - a new paradigm for safeguarding earth-regulating systems in the Anthropocene
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2 - The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue trajectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons framework by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.
KW - anthropocene
KW - earth system governance
KW - global commons
KW - international law
KW - planetary boundaries
Y1 - 2024
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301531121
SN - 1091-6490
SN - 1877-2014
VL - 121
IS - 5
PB - National Academy of Sciences
CY - Washington, DC
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dapprich, Jan Philipp
A1 - Cockshott, William Paul
T1 - Input-output planning and information
JF - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
N2 - In this paper, we show how socialist planning can be based on input-output data. We argue that the information required for this can be obtained by a central planning agency and thus dismiss Hayek’s information argument against socialism. We further show how economic planning can be made responsive to consumer demand through a feedback control mechanism. Output targets of products would be adjusted in response to observed consumer demand or based on predictions about future demand. Planners can use machine learning to make more accurate forecasts. The valuation of goods plays an important role in the feedback control mechanism. The values of goods can either be measured by the labour time necessary for their production (labour values) or through shadow prices based on linear programming.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.10.043
SN - 0167-2681
IS - 205
SP - 412
EP - 422
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lambert, Karras
A1 - Fegley, Tate
A1 - Candela, Rosolino
A1 - Boettke, Peter
A1 - Phelan, Steven
A1 - Wenzel, Nikolai G.
A1 - Dapprich, Jan Philipp
T1 - Reply and Counter-Reply
BT - on cybersocialism
JF - Journal of economic behavior & organization
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2023.03.026
SN - 0167-2681
IS - 212
SP - 300
EP - 310
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ganghof, Steffen
T1 - Justifying types of representative democracy
BT - a response
JF - Critical review of international social and political philosophy
N2 - This article responds to critical reflections on my Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism by Sarah Birch, Kevin J. Elliott, Claudia Landwehr and James L. Wilson. It discusses how different types of representative democracy, especially different forms of government (presidential, parliamentary or hybrid), can be justified. It clarifies, among other things, the distinction between procedural and process equality, the strengths of semi-parliamentary government, the potential instability of constitutional designs, and the difference that theories can make in actual processes of constitutional reform.
KW - political equality
KW - semi-parliamentarism
KW - presidentialism
KW - institutional design
KW - executive personalism
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13698230.2022.2159665
SN - 1369-8230
SN - 1743-8772
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Routledge
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tsebelis, George
A1 - Thies, Michael
A1 - Cheibub, José Antonio
A1 - Dixon, Rosalind
A1 - Bogéa, Daniel
A1 - Ganghof, Steffen
T1 - Review symposium
BT - beyond presidentialism and parliamentarism
JF - European political science
N2 - Steffen Ganghof’s Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism: Democratic Design and the Separation of Powers (Oxford University Press, 2021) posits that “in a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not” (Ganghof, 2021). To consider, examine and theorise about this, Ganghof urges engagement with semi-parliamentarism. As explained by Ganghof, legislative power is shared between two democratically legitimate sections of parliament in a semi-parliamentary system, but only one of those sections selects the government and can remove it in a no-confidence vote. Consequently, power is dispersed and not concentrated in the hands of any one person, which, Ganghof argues, can lead to an enhanced form of parliamentary democracy. In this book review symposium, George Tsebelis, Michael Thies, José Antonio Cheibub, Rosalind Dixon and Daniel Bogéa review Steffen Ganghof’s book and engage with the author about aspects of research design, case selection and theoretical argument. This symposium arose from an engaging and constructive discussion of the book at a seminar hosted by Texas A&M University in 2022. We thank Prof José Cheibub (Texas A&M) for organising that seminar and Dr Anna Fruhstorfer (University of Potsdam) for initiating this book review symposium.
KW - semi-parliamentary government
KW - presidentialism
KW - parliamentary government
KW - separation of powers
KW - legislatures
KW - executives
KW - parliamentary democracy
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-023-00426-9
SN - 1680-4333
SN - 1682-0983
PB - Palgrave Macmillan
CY - Basingstoke
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Ganghof, Steffen
A1 - Schulze, Kai
ED - Wenzelburger, Georg
ED - Zohlnhöfer, Reimut
T1 - Vetospieler und Institutionen
T2 - Handbuch Policy-Forschung
N2 - Der Beitrag widmet sich zwei überaus fruchtbaren theoretischen Ansätzen in der Policy-Forschung und darüber hinaus: der Vetospielertheorie und Vetopunkt-Ansätzen. Neben den Grundzügen beider Ansätze stellen wir grundlegende Entwicklungslinien und Probleme dieser Literaturen anhand beispielhafter Studien dar. Es zeigt sich, dass beide Ansätze teils kontroverse Annahmen treffen, zu denen es plausible Alternativen gibt. Zum Beispiel kann das Verhalten von Koalitionsparteien im Policy-Prozess anders als von der Vetospielertheorie angenommen modelliert werden. Die kausalen Effekte bestimmter Institutionen oder Vetopunkte können zudem je nach Kontext variieren. Diesem Kontext sollte größere Beachtung geschenkt werden.
KW - Vetospieler
KW - Vetopunkte
KW - formale Modelle
KW - Präferenzen
KW - Kontext
Y1 - 2023
SN - 978-3-658-34559-4
SN - 978-3-658-34560-0
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34560-0_4
SP - 101
EP - 125
PB - Springer
CY - Wiesbaden
ET - 2., aktualisierte und erweiterte
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Pruin, Andree
T1 - Organizational reputation in executive politics
BT - citizen-oriented units in the German federal bureaucracy
JF - International review of administrative sciences
N2 - In recent years, governments have increased their efforts to strengthen the citizen-orientation in policy design. They have established temporary arenas as well as permanent units inside the machinery of government to integrate citizens into policy formulation, leading to a “laboratorization” of central government organizations. We argue that the evolution and role of these units herald new dynamics in the importance of organizational reputation for executive politics. These actors deviate from the classic palette of organizational units inside the machinery of government and thus require their own reputation vis-à-vis various audiences within and outside their parent organization. Based on a comparative case study of two of these units inside the German federal bureaucracy, we show how ambiguous expectations of their audiences challenge their organizational reputation. Both units resolve these tensions by balancing their weaker professional and procedural reputation with a stronger performative and moral reputation. We conclude that government units aiming to improve citizen orientation in policy design may benefit from engaging with citizens as their external audience to compensate for a weaker reputation in the eyes of their audiences inside the government organization. Points for practitioners: many governments have introduced novel means to strengthen citizen-centered policy design, which has led to an emergence of novel units inside central government that differ from traditional bureaucratic structures and procedures ; this study analyzes how these new units may build their organizational reputation vis-à-vis internal and external actors in government policymaking. ; we show that such units assert themselves primarily based on their performative and moral reputation.
KW - citizen participation
KW - government policymaking
KW - organizational reputation
Y1 - 0023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00208523221132228
SN - 0020-8523
SN - 1461-7226
PB - Sage
CY - Los Angeles, Calif.
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Wanckel, Camilla
T1 - Job satisfaction and the digital transformation of the public sector
BT - the mediating role of job autonomy
JF - Review of Public Personnel Administration
N2 - Worldwide, governments have introduced novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) for policy formulation and service delivery, radically changing the working environment of government employees. Following the debate on work stress and particularly on technostress, we argue that the use of ICTs triggers “digital overload” that decreases government employees’ job satisfaction via inhibiting their job autonomy. Contrary to prior research, we consider job autonomy as a consequence rather than a determinant of digital overload, because ICT-use accelerates work routines and interruptions and eventually diminishes employees’ freedom to decide how to work. Based on novel survey data from government employees in Germany, Italy, and Norway, our structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a significant negative effect of digital overload on job autonomy. More importantly, job autonomy partially mediates the negative relationship between digital overload and job satisfaction, pointing to the importance of studying the micro-foundations of ICT-use in the public sector.
KW - digital transformation
KW - digital overload
KW - job autonomy
KW - job satisfaction
KW - civil service survey
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X221148403
SN - 0734-371X
SN - 1552-759X
PB - Sage
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Wanckel, Camilla
T1 - Creativity in policy capacity
BT - organizational and individual determinants
JF - Public administration review
N2 - Creativity is a crucial part of policy capacity in governments. Existing studies on creative behavior in the public sector assess employees' openness to new ideas and creative solutions, and they confirm the relevance of organizational and individual determinants for pro-creativity attitudes. Yet we lack systemic evidence on the explicit level of work-related creativity among policy officials in government organizations. At the same time, novel technologies and particularly social networking services change the working environment of policy officials radically, alter organizational features, and may also yield crucial individual effects. Our study analyses “policy creativity” of policy officials in three European governments. We demonstrate the importance of organizational and individual features, including the stress triggered by using social networking services. Our study captures officials' creativity explicitly and adds to debates on creativity and innovation in the public sector as well as the micro-level foundations of the digital transformation in the public sector.
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13676
SN - 0033-3352
SN - 1540-6210
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Bezes, Philippe
A1 - Yesilkagit, Kutsal
T1 - Political time in public bureaucracies
BT - explaining variation of structural duration in European governments
JF - Public administration review
N2 - Structural duration conveys stability but also resilience in central government and is therefore a key issue in the debate on the structure and organization of government. This paper discusses three core variants of structural duration to study the explanatory relevance of politics. We compare these durations across ministerialunits in four European democracies (Germany, France, The Netherlands, and Norway) from 1980 to 2013, totaling over 17,000 units. Our empirical analyses show that cabinets’ ideological turnover and extremism are the most significant predictors of all variants of duration, whereas polarization in parliament as well as new prime ministers without office experience yield the predicted significant negative effects for most models. We discuss these findings and avenues for futureresearch that acknowledge the definition and measures for structural change as well as temporal aspects of the empirical phenomenon more explicitly.
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13740
SN - 0033-3352
SN - 1540-6210
VL - 83
IS - 6
SP - 1813
EP - 1832
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lundgren, Magnus
A1 - Squatrito, Theresa
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
A1 - Tallberg, Jonas
T1 - Introducing the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset (IPOD)
JF - The review of international organizations
N2 - There is a growing recognition that international organizations (IOs) formulate and adopt policy in a wide range of areas. IOs have emerged as key venues for states seeking joint solutions to contemporary challenges such as climate change or COVID-19, and to establish frameworks to bolster trade, development, security, and more. In this capacity, IOs produce both extraordinary and routine policy output with a multitude of purposes, ranging from policies of historic significance like admitting new members to the more mundane tasks of administering IO staff. This article introduces the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset (IPOD), which covers close to 37,000 individual policy acts of 13 multi-issue IOs in the 1980–2015 period. The dataset fills a gap in the growing body of literature on the comparative study of IOs, providing researchers with a fine-grained perspective on the structure of IO policy output and data for comparisons across time, policy areas, and organizations. This article describes the construction and coverage of the dataset and identifies key temporal and cross-sectional patterns revealed by the data. In a concise illustration of the dataset’s utility, we apply models of punctuated equilibria in a comparative study of the relationship between institutional features and broad policy agenda dynamics. Overall, the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset offers a unique resource for researchers to analyze IO policy output in a granular manner and to explore questions of responsiveness, performance, and legitimacy of IOs.
KW - international organizations
KW - policy
KW - policy agendas
KW - decision-making
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-023-09492-6
SN - 1559-7431
SN - 1559-744X
VL - 19
SP - 117
EP - 146
PB - Springer
CY - Boston
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lundgren, Magnus
A1 - Tallberg, Jonas
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
A1 - Squatrito, Theresa
T1 - When are international organizations responsive to policy problems?
JF - International studies quarterly : the journal of the International Studies Association
N2 - When are international organizations (IOs) responsive to the policy problems that motivated their establishment? While it is a conventional assumption that IOs exist to address transnational challenges, the question of whether and when IO policy-making is responsive to shifts in underlying problems has not been systematically explored. This study investigates the responsiveness of IOs from a large-n, comparative approach. Theoretically, we develop three alternative models of IO responsiveness, emphasizing severeness, dependence, and power differentials. Empirically, we focus on the domain of security, examining the responsiveness of eight multi-issue IOs to armed conflict between 1980 and 2015, using a novel and expansive dataset on IO policy decisions. Our findings suggest, first, that IOs are responsive to security problems and, second, that responsiveness is not primarily driven by dependence or power differentials but by problem severity. An in-depth study of the responsiveness of the UN Security Council using more granular data confirms these findings. As the first comparative study of whether and when IO policy adapts to problem severity, the article has implications for debates about IO responsiveness, performance, and legitimacy.
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqad045
SN - 0020-8833
SN - 1468-2478
VL - 67
IS - 3
PB - Oxford University Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Duit, Andreas
A1 - Lim, Sijeong
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
T1 - The state and the environment
BT - environmental policy and performance in 37 countries 1970–2010
JF - Politics & policy
N2 - The limitations and possibilities of the state in solving societal problems are perennial issues in the political and policy sciences and increasingly so in studies of environmental politics. With the aim of better understanding the role of the state in addressing environmental degradation through policy making, this article investigates the nexus between the environmental policy outputs and the environmental performance. Drawing on three theoretical perspectives on the state and market nexus in the environmental dilemma, we identify five distinct pathways. We then examine the extent to which these pathways are manifested in the real world. Our empirical investigation covers up to 37 countries for the period 1970–2010. While we see no global pattern of linkages between policy outputs and performance, our exploratory analysis finds evidence of policy effects, which suggest that the state can, under certain circumstances, improve the environment through policy making.
KW - comparative environmental politics
KW - ecological modernization
KW - environmental degradation
KW - environmental policy effects
KW - environmental policy performance
KW - national ecological footprint
KW - policy output
KW - regulation
KW - state
KW - treadmill of production
KW - política ambiental comparada
KW - modernización ecológica
KW - huella ecológica
KW - regulación estatal
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12561
SN - 1555-5623
SN - 1747-1346
VL - 51
IS - 6
SP - 1046
EP - 1068
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Hoboken, NJ
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Tallberg, Jonas
A1 - Bäckstrand, Karin
A1 - Aart Scholte, Jan
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
T1 - SNS Democracy Council 2023
BT - global governance: fit for purpose?
N2 - Transboundary problems such as climate change, military conflicts, trade barriers, and refugee flows require increased collaboration across borders. This is to a large extent possible using existing international organizations. In such a case, however, they need to be considerably strengthened – while current trends take us in the opposite direction, according to the researchers in the SNS Democracy Council 2023.
KW - democracy
KW - globalization
KW - international trade
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://snsse.cdn.triggerfish.cloud/uploads/2023/04/sns-democracy-council-2023-global-governance--fit-for-purpose.pdf
SN - 978-91-89754-06-5
PB - SNS Förlag
CY - Stockholm
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Rezension zu: May, Michael ; Partetzke, Marc: Einführung in die Politikdidaktik. Band 1: Geschichte, Essentials, Forschungs- und Entwicklungsfelder. - Frankfurt am Main: Wochenschau Verlag, 2023. - 223 S. - (utb; 6045). - ISBN: 978-3-8385-6045-8
JF - Polis
N2 - Gelungene Orientierung für die fachliche Ausbildung.
Man ist gespannt auf den zweiten Band.
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://dvpb.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/POLIS_23_3_web-1.pdf
U6 - https://doi.org/10.46499/2243.2834
SN - 1611-373X
SN - 2749-4861
VL - 27
IS - 3
SP - 32
EP - 32
PB - Wochenschau Verlag
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - BOOK
ED - Malthaner, Stefan
ED - Teune, Simon
ED - Ullrich, Peter
T1 - Eskalation
BT - Dynamiken der Gewalt im Kontext der G20-Proteste in Hamburg 2017
N2 - Die Ereignisse um den G20-Gipfel im Juli 2017 haben viele Menschen schockiert und die Hamburger Stadtgesellschaft gespalten. Sie stehen in starkem Kontrast zu dem Sicherheitsversprechen, das der Senat im Vorfeld abgegeben hat, ebenso wie zu der Ankündigung, der Gipfel werde ein „Festival der Demokratie“. Dass ein Gipfelprotest in Unruhen mit breiter Beteiligung überging aber auch das teils gewaltsame polizeiliche Vorgehen gegen Protestierende ist erklärungsbedürftig. In der anhaltenden Diskussion über die Hintergründe der Auseinandersetzungen werden zumeist entweder die Polizei oder „gewaltbereite Gruppen“ für das Ausmaß der Gewalt verantwortlich gemacht. Letzteres lässt sich jedoch nur bedingt aus Motiven und vorgefassten Plänen bestimmter Akteure ableiten. Ein großer Teil der Gewalt entsteht – dies gerät allzu oft aus dem Blick – maßgeblich in Prozessen der Eskalation, in denen die Handlungen der verschiedenen Beteiligten miteinander verflochten sind, insofern sie auf Grundlage ihrer Deutung vorangegangener Erfahrungen und ihrer Wahrnehmung des Gegenübers aufeinander reagieren. Situationen der Gewalt haben zudem ihre eigene, in manchen Fällen kaum steuerbare, Dynamik. Der Bericht rekonstruiert, wie und warum die Gewalt in Hamburg in dieser Form eskalierte. Er enthält sich weitgehend einer moralischen Einordnung. Er beleuchtet konkrete Situationen des Aufeinandertreffens der Konfliktparteien und bettet sie in einen größeren Kontext ein, unter anderem in Hinblick auf die Konstitution der beteiligten Gruppen und in Hinblick auf die mediale Deutung des Geschehens. Der Bericht fasst die ersten Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojektes zusammen, an dem über acht Monate mehr als 20 Gewalt-, Protest- und Polizeiforscher*innen mitgewirkt haben. Er beruht auf einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Quellen: Interviews mit Beteiligten, Dokumente, Filmaufnahmen und Fotografien, die Kommunikation auf Twitter und die Berichterstattung in ausgewählten Tageszeitungen, Beobachtungsprotokolle aus der Protestwoche und danach. Die Analyse gliedert sich in drei Teile. (1) Die Ausgangskonstellation, in der sich die unmittelbar Beteiligten, Polizei und Protestierende, auf die Protestwoche einstellen und prägende Grundkonflikte sichtbar werden. (2) Schlüsselsituationen, in denen Konflikte ausgetragen werden und die Muster der Eskalation im Kleinen sichtbar machen. (3) Die mediale Deutung und Formung der Ereignisse, über die der Fokus auf „Gewalt“ verstärkt und die jeweils eigene Wahrnehmung bestätigt wird. Für die Analyse der Entstehung von Gewalt ist der Fall ein eindrückliches Beispiel für die Verkettung von Ereignissen ebenso wie für die Eigendynamik situativer Konfrontationen. Dies bedeutet jedoch nicht, dass die Planungen, Erwartungen und Entscheidungen der Handelnden keine Rolle spielen würden. Die Dynamik des Geschehens verwirklicht sich, im Gegenteil, gerade darin, dass die Beteiligten in der Verflechtung ihrer Handlungen ihre Kalkulationen verändern und Situationsdeutungen entwickeln, welche Gewalt möglich oder notwendig erscheinen lassen
KW - G20
KW - Group of Twenty
KW - Protestforschung
KW - Protest Policing
KW - Gipfelproteste
KW - prozessuale Erklärung
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-7331
PB - Technische Universität Berlin
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Cockshott, William Paul
A1 - Cottrell, Allin
A1 - Dapprich, Jan Philipp
T1 - Economic planning in an age of climate crisis
N2 - Faced with an accelerating climate crisis caused by burning fossil fuels we have to change the way the economy works. We can no longer go on with a system that just maximises private profit without consideration for its effects. Instead we have to conciously plan how to change to a fossil fuel free society.
The need is urgent.
The transformation will be vast.
Nothing similar has been done in the West since the days of wartime mobilisation.
This book explains the basic science of climate change before looking at the transformations needed to our energy and basic industries. It looks at the previous successful history of deliberate planning practiced in the UK from 1939 to the 1960s and how, using modern computing techniques it will be possible to organise resources so as to effect the change.
Y1 - 2022
SN - 979-8-36012-556-3
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dreke, Claudia
A1 - Hungerland, Beatrice
A1 - Stölting, Erhard
T1 - Einleitung
BT - Kindheitsmuster und die Erfahrung gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche
JF - Kindheit in gesellschaftlichen Umbrüchen
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-7799-5831-4
SN - 978-3-7799-6508-4
SP - 9
EP - 40
PB - Beltz
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dreke, Claudia
A1 - Hungerland, Beatrice
A1 - Stölting, Erhard
T1 - Ausblick
BT - Anregungen für die kindheitsbezogene Forschung zur Corona-Krise unter Umbruchsperspektiven
JF - Kindheit in gesellschaftlichen Umbrüchen
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-7799-6508-4
SN - 978-3-7799-5831-4
SP - 253
EP - 258
PB - Beltz
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kazepov, Yuri
A1 - Verwiebe, Roland
T1 - Is Vienna still a just city?
BT - the challenges of transitions
JF - Vienna
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-0-367-68011-4
SN - 978-1-003-13382-7
SN - 978-0-367-68013-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003133827-1
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - Routledge
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Riederer, Bernhard Edwin
A1 - Verwiebe, Roland
A1 - Ahn, Byeongsun
T1 - Professionalisation, polarisation or both?
BT - economic restructuring and new divisions of labour
JF - Vienna
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-0-367-68011-4
SN - 978-1-003-13382-7
SN - 978-0-367-68013-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003133827-10
SP - 99
EP - 114
PB - Routledge
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Paasch, Jana
T1 - Revisiting policy preferences and capacities in the EU
BT - Multi-level policy implementation in the subnational authorities
JF - Journal of common market studies : JCMS
N2 - Research on multi-level implementation of EU legislation has almost exclusively focused on the national level, while little is known about the role of subnational authorities. Nevertheless, it is a prerequisite for the functioning of the European Union that all member states and their subnational authorities apply and enforce EU legislation in due time. I address this research gap and take a closer look at the legal transposition process in the German regional states. Using a novel data set comprising detailed information on about 700 subnational measures, I show that state-level variables, such as political preferences and ministerial resources, account for variation in the timing of legal transposition and repeatedly lead to subnational delay. To conclude, the paper addresses the role of subnational authorities in the EU multi-level system and points to their interest in shaping legal transposition in order to counterbalance their loss of competences to the national level.
KW - European Union
KW - transposition
KW - EU directives
KW - implementation measures
KW - subnational authorities
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13286
SN - 0021-9886
SN - 1468-5965
VL - 60
IS - 3
SP - 783
EP - 800
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Kabaali, Daphne
T1 - Die Rolle von Street-Level Bureaucrats bei der Erbringung von öffentlichen Leistungen – eine empirische Untersuchung
T1 - The role of street-level bureaucrats in the delivery of public services - an empirical study
N2 - Die Transformation der öffentlichen Verantwortung im Bereich der sozialen Wohlfahrt führte in den letzten Jahren zu einem gestiegenen Forschungsinteresse an Mitarbeiten-den, die sich an der Schnittstelle zwischen öffentlicher Verwaltung und direktem Kontakt zu Klient*innen befinden. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht am Beispiel der Schulsozialarbeit an Potsdamer Grundschulen der Frage nach, inwieweit Vertrauen in Klient*innen die Nutzung von Ermessensspielräumen durch Schulsozialarbeiter*innen beeinflusst. Das Street-Level Bureaucracy Framework nach Michael Lipsky spannt dabei den theoretischen Rahmen, während qualitative Interviews mit Schulsozialarbei-ter*innen die Basis für die Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage darstellen. Die Ergebnis-se zeigen, dass ein geringeres Maß an Vertrauen in Klient*innen dafür sorgt, dass Schulsozialarbeiter*innen durch Bewältigungsstrategien wie der Rationierung von Res-sourcen und dem gedanklichen Rückzug von Klient*innen versuchen, ihre Arbeitslast zu verringern. Ein höheres Maß an Vertrauen in Klient*innen sorgt hingegen dafür, dass sie ihre Ermessensspielräume zu Gunsten dieser Klient*innen nutzen, zum Beispiel durch das Umgehen von Datenschutzregeln zur effektiveren Fallbearbeitung.
N2 - In recent years, the transformation of public accountability in the field of social welfare has led to an increased research interest in employees who, as decision-makers about the allocation of services, find themselves at the interface between public administration and direct contact with clients. Using the example of school social work at Potsdam's elementary schools, this paper examines the extent to which trust in clients influences the use of discretionary powers by school social workers. The street-level bureaucracy framework according to Michael Lipsky provides the theoretical framework, while qualita-tive interviews with school social workers form the basis for answering the research question. The results show that a lower level of trust in clients ensures that school social workers attempt to reduce their workload through coping strategies such as rationing resources and mentally withdrawing from clients. A higher level of trust in clients, on the other hand, ensures that they use their discretionary powers in favor of these clients, for example by circumventing data protection rules for a more effective case processing.
T3 - Schriftenreihe für Public und Nonprofit Management - 32
KW - Street-level bureaucrats
KW - Vertrauen
KW - öffentliche Leistungen
KW - Ermessen
KW - street-Level bureaucrats
KW - trust
KW - public services
KW - discretion
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563555
SN - 2190-4561
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Danielsen, Ole Andreas
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
T1 - The effects of political design and organizational dynamics on structural disaggregation and integration in Norway 1947-2019
JF - Governance : an international journal of policy and administration
N2 - In countries with long-standing agency traditions, the creation of new agencies rarely comes as a large-scale reform but rather as one structural choice of many possible, most notably a ministerial division. In order to make sense of these choices, the article discusses the role of political design-focusing on the role of political motivations, such as ideological turnover, replacement risks and ideological stands toward administrative efficiency-and organizational dynamics-focusing on the role of administrative legacies and existing organizational palettes. The article utilizes data on organizational creations in the Norwegian central state between 1947 and 2019, in order to explore how political design and organizational dynamics help us understand the creation of agencies relative to ministry divisions over time. We find that political motives matter a great deal for the structural choices made by consecutive Norwegian governments, but that structural path dependencies may also be at play.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12669
SN - 1468-0491
VL - 36
IS - 1
SP - 299
EP - 320
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Munnes, Stefan
A1 - Harsch, Corinna
A1 - Knobloch, Marcel
A1 - Vogel, Johannes S.
A1 - Hipp, Lena
A1 - Schilling, Erik
T1 - Examining Sentiment in Complex Texts. A Comparison of Different Computational Approaches
JF - Frontiers in Big Data
N2 - Can we rely on computational methods to accurately analyze complex texts? To answer this question, we compared different dictionary and scaling methods used in predicting the sentiment of German literature reviews to the "gold standard " of human-coded sentiments. Literature reviews constitute a challenging text corpus for computational analysis as they not only contain different text levels-for example, a summary of the work and the reviewer's appraisal-but are also characterized by subtle and ambiguous language elements. To take the nuanced sentiments of literature reviews into account, we worked with a metric rather than a dichotomous scale for sentiment analysis. The results of our analyses show that the predicted sentiments of prefabricated dictionaries, which are computationally efficient and require minimal adaption, have a low to medium correlation with the human-coded sentiments (r between 0.32 and 0.39). The accuracy of self-created dictionaries using word embeddings (both pre-trained and self-trained) was considerably lower (r between 0.10 and 0.28). Given the high coding intensity and contingency on seed selection as well as the degree of data pre-processing of word embeddings that we found with our data, we would not recommend them for complex texts without further adaptation. While fully automated approaches appear not to work in accurately predicting text sentiments with complex texts such as ours, we found relatively high correlations with a semiautomated approach (r of around 0.6)-which, however, requires intensive human coding efforts for the training dataset. In addition to illustrating the benefits and limits of computational approaches in analyzing complex text corpora and the potential of metric rather than binary scales of text sentiment, we also provide a practical guide for researchers to select an appropriate method and degree of pre-processing when working with complex texts.
KW - sentiment analysis
KW - German literature
KW - dictionary
KW - word embeddings
KW - automated text analysis
KW - computer-assisted text analysis
KW - scaling method
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2022.886362
SN - 2624-909X
VL - 5
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
A1 - Patt, Anthony
A1 - Bersalli, Germán
T1 - On the quality of emission reductions
BT - observed effects of carbon pricing on investments, innovation, and operational shifts. A response to van den Bergh and Savin (2021)
JF - Environmental and Resource Economics
N2 - To meet the Paris Agreement targets, carbon emissions from the energy system must be eliminated by mid-century, implying vast investment and systemic change challenges ahead. In an article in WIREs Climate Change, we reviewed the empirical evidence for effects of carbon pricing systems on technological change towards full decarbonisation, finding weak or no effects. In response, van den Bergh and Savin (2021) criticised our review in an article in this journal, claiming that it is "unfair", incomplete and flawed in various ways. Here, we respond to this critique by elaborating on the conceptual roots of our argumentation based on the importance of short-term emission reductions and longer-term technological change, and by expanding the review. This verifies our original findings: existing carbon pricing schemes have sometimes reduced emissions, mainly through switching to lower-carbon fossil fuels and efficiency increases, and have triggered weak innovation increases. There is no evidence that carbon pricing systems have triggered zero-carbon investments, and scarce but consistent evidence that they have not. Our findings highlight the importance of adapting and improving climate policy assessment metrics beyond short-term emissions by also assessing the quality of emission reductions and the progress of underlying technological change.
KW - Carbon pricing
KW - Climate policy
KW - Decarbonisation
KW - Technological change
KW - Energy transition
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-022-00708-8
SN - 0924-6460
SN - 1573-1502
VL - 83
IS - 3
SP - 733
EP - 758
PB - Springer
CY - Dordrecht
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Nguyen, Huyen Evelyn
T1 - Agilität und Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung in der öffentlichen Verwaltung
T1 - Agility and leader-member-exchange in public administration
N2 - Zunehmend komplexe Herausforderungen und Aufgaben lassen sich nicht mehr mit den bisherigen Strukturen, Methoden und Prozessen der klassischen Verwaltung bewältigen. Vielmehr gewinnen Ansätze und Methoden des New Work im öffentlichen Sektor angesichts der sich stetig ändernden und dynamischen Arbeitswelt eine immer größere Bedeutung. Umso mehr besteht die Notwendigkeit, sich in der Verwaltung agil aufzustellen. Unter Agilität wird hierbei die Fähigkeit einer Organisation verstanden, sich schnell verändernden Rahmenbedingungen flexibel und dynamisch anzupassen.
Im Fokus dieser Arbeit steht der Einfluss von Agilität auf die Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung. Mittels einer halbstandardisierten Online-Befragung im Landesamt für Flüchtlingsangelegenheiten und im Bezirksamt Neukölln von Berlin wird zunächst der vorliegende Agilitätsgrad mit dem Fokus auf agile Organisationsstrukturen, agile Organisationskultur und agile Führung ermittelt und sodann anhand der Qualität der dyadischen Arbeitsbeziehung von Führungskraft und Mitarbeiter (LMX-Qualität) überprüft, inwiefern die agile Arbeitsweise im Vergleich zu einer nicht-agilen Arbeitsumgebung die Beziehung beeinflusst.
Im Ergebnis der Untersuchung zeigt sich, dass ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Agilität und der Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung besteht. Es stellt sich in beiden Ämtern ein mäßig bis starker Agilitätsgrad heraus, wobei besonders agile Führungseigenschaften zu den wesentlichen Faktoren zählen, die eine hochqualitative Beziehung begünstigen. Während im Bezirksamt ein Zusammenhang zwischen Agilität und hoher LMX-Qualität ermittelt wurde, konnte dieser nicht für die untersuchte Stichprobe des Landesamts festgestellt werden. Dennoch ließ sich in beiden Behörden ein positiver Einfluss von Agilität auf zumindest die Entwicklung einer erfolgreichen Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung erfassen.
N2 - Continuous complex challenges and tasks are no longer solvable with the classic structures and methods of public administration. Rather concepts of New Work are gaining importance due to the dynamic work environment in the public sector. This leads to the necessity of an agile transformation in public administration. Agility in organizations is understood to be the ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions in the work environment.
The following paper focuses on the influence of agility on the Leader-Member-Exchange (LMX). Using a semi-standard online poll, the degree of agility with an emphasis on agile organizational structures, agile organizational culture, and agile leadership is analyzed in the State Office for Refugees Affairs and District Office Neukölln of Berlin. Furthermore, relationships between leaders and subordinates in an agile environment and relationships in a non-agile environment are compared through the lens of the quality of Leader-Member-Exchange (LMX-Quality).
The results show a significant influence of agility on Leader-Member-Exchange. In both Offices a moderate to high degree of agility is found. Particularly, agile leadership characteristics encourage high-quality relationships. Whereas a correlation between agility and high LMX-Quality is identified in the District Office Neukölln, this result could not be observed in the State Office of Refugees Affairs. However, the influence of agility on at least the development of a positive and successful relationship is established in both Offices.
T3 - Schriftenreihe für Public und Nonprofit Management - 31
KW - Agilität
KW - Führungskräfte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung
KW - Öffentliche Verwaltung
KW - Leader-Member-Exchange
KW - Agile Leadership
KW - Public Administration
KW - Agility
KW - LMX-Theorie
KW - Agile Führung
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565831
SN - 2190-4561
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - „…die im Dunkeln sieht man nicht“
BT - zur Mensch-Tier-Beziehung in der politischen Bildung
T2 - Standortbestimmung Politische Bildung
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-7344-1352-0
SN - 978-3-7344-1353-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.46499/1900
SP - 163
EP - 175
PB - Wochenschau Wissenschaft
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Ganghof, Steffen
ED - Tausendpfund, Markus
T1 - Typen von Forschungsdesigns
T2 - Forschungsstrategien in den Sozialwissenschaften
N2 - Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschungsdesigns umfassen alle wesentlichen Entscheidungen, die im Forschungsprozess getroffen werden müssen. Der Beitrag unterscheidet drei rundlegende Typen von Forschungsdesigns: x-zentriert, y-zentriert und kontrastiv. Das x-zentrierte Design versucht einen theoretisch spezifizierten kausalen Effekt zu identifizieren und dessen Größe möglichst genau und ohne Verzerrungen zu schätzen. Das y-zentrierte Design versucht mehrere komplementäre Theorien über kausale Effekte so zu kombinieren, dass bestimmte Phänomene möglichst gut erklärt werden. Das kontrastive Design vergleicht die Erklärungskraft von zwei oder mehr konkurrierenden Theorien. Die Unterscheidung der drei Typen ist für qualitative Fallstudien ebenso relevant wie für Experimente oder statistische Studien mit Beobachtungsdaten. Der Beitrag grenzt die drei Typen voneinander ab, erklärt ihre jeweiligen Annahmen und diskutiert ihre Vor- und Nachteile sowie die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen ihrer Kombination. Daneben diskutiert er den Unterschied zwischen Modellen und Theorien sowie die Bedeutung des Sparsamkeitsprinzips bei der Entwicklung und Bewertung wissenschaftlicher Theorien und Erklärungen.
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-658-36971-2
SN - 978-3-658-36972-9
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36972-9_11
SP - 257
EP - 286
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tuttnauer, Or
A1 - Wegmann, Simone
T1 - Voting for Votes
BT - opposition parties' legislative activity and electoral outcomes
JF - American political science review
N2 - Scholars frequently expect parties to act strategically in parliament, hoping to affect their electoral fortunes. Voters assumingly assess parties by their activity and vote accordingly. However, the retrospective voting literature looks mostly at the government's outcomes, leaving the opposition understudied. We argue that, for opposition parties, legislative voting constitutes an effective vote-seeking activity as a signaling tool of their attitude toward the government. We suggest that conflictual voting behavior affects voters through two mechanisms: as a signal of opposition valence and as means of ideological differentiation from the government. We present both aggregate- and individual-level analyses, leveraging a dataset of 169 party observations from 10 democracies and linking it to the CSES survey data of 27,371 respondents. The findings provide support for the existence of both mechanisms. Parliamentary conflict on legislative votes has a general positive effect on opposition parties' electoral performance, conditional on systemic and party-specific factors.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055422000338
SN - 0003-0554
SN - 1537-5943
VL - 116
IS - 4
SP - 1357
EP - 1374
PB - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fruhstorfer, Anna
A1 - Hudson, Alexander
T1 - Costs and benefits of accepting presidential term limits
BT - should I stay or should I go?
JF - Democratization
N2 - As presidents approach the end of their constitutionally defined term in office, they face a number of difficulties, most importantly the deprivation of sources of power, personal enrichment, and protection from prosecution. This leads many of them to attempt to circumvent their term limits. Recent studies explain both the reasons for the extension or full abolition of term limits, and failed attempts to do so. Key explanations include electoral competition and the post-term fate of previous post holders. What we do not know yet is how compliance with term limits may be tied to the current president's expectations for their post-term fate. In particular, we do not know whether leaders who attempt to remove term limits and fail to do so jeopardize their post-term career as a result, and conversely, whether leaders who comply will have better outcomes in terms of security, prestige, and economic gain. Hence, we ask how the decision of a leader to comply or not comply with term limits is conditioned by the expectation of their post-term fate. To address this question, this article introduces new data on the career trajectories of term-limited presidents and its systematic effect on term limit compliance.
KW - Presidents
KW - head of state
KW - term limits
KW - executives
KW - corruption
KW - prestige
KW - institutional change
KW - constitutions
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2021.1960314
SN - 1351-0347
SN - 1743-890X
VL - 29
IS - 1
SP - 93
EP - 112
PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Bezes, Philippe
A1 - James, Oliver
A1 - Yesilkagit, Kutsal
T1 - The politics of government reorganization in Western Europe
JF - Governance : an international journal of policy and administration and institutions
N2 - The reorganization of governments is crucial for parties to express their policy preferences once they reach office. Yet these activities are not confined to the direct aftermath of general elections or to wide-ranging structural reforms. Instead, governments reorganize and adjust their machinery of government all the time. This paper aims to assess these structural choices with a particular focus at the core of the state, comparing four Western European democracies (Germany, France, the Netherlands, and United Kingdom) from 1980 to 2013. Our empirical analysis shows that stronger shifts in cabinets' ideological profiles in the short- and long-term as well as the units' proximity to political executives yield significant effects. In contrast, Conservative governments, commonly regarded as key promoters of reorganizing governments, are not significant for the likelihood of structural change. We discuss the effects of this politics of government reorganization for different research debates assessing the inner workings of governments.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12670
SN - 0952-1895
SN - 1468-0491
VL - 36
IS - 1
SP - 255
EP - 274
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yesilkagit, Kutsal
A1 - Bezes, Philippe
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
T1 - What's in a name? The politics of name changes inside bureaucracy
JF - Public administration
N2 - In this article, we examine the effects of political change on name changes of units within central government ministries. We expect that changes regarding the policy position of a government will cause changes in the names of ministerial units. To this end we formulate hypotheses combining the politics of structural choice and theories of portfolio allocation to examine the effects of political changes at the cabinet level on the names of intra-ministerial units. We constructed a dataset containing more than 17,000 observations on name changes of ministerial units between 1980 and 2013 from the central governments of Germany, the Netherlands, and France. We regress a series of generalized estimating equations (GEE) with population averaging models for binary outcomes. Finding variations across the three political-bureaucratic systems, we overall report positive effects of governmental change and ideological positions on name changes within ministries.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12827
SN - 0033-3298
SN - 1467-9299
VL - 100
IS - 4
SP - 1091
EP - 1106
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Rezension zu: Massing, Peter: Politische Bildung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Grundlagen - Kontroversen - Perspektiven. - Frankfurt am Main : Wochenschau Verlag, 2021. - 141 S. - ISBN: 978-3-8252-5720-0
JF - Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Gesellschaftswissenschaften
Y1 - 2022
SN - 2191-0766
SN - 2749-487X
VL - 13
IS - 2
SP - 146
EP - 148
PB - Wochenschau Verlag
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
A1 - Agné, Hans
A1 - Zelli, Fariborz
A1 - Bes, Bart Joachim
T1 - Global Legitimacy Crises
BT - decline and revival in multilateral governance
N2 - Global Legitimacy Crises addresses the consequences of legitimacy in global governance, in particular asking: when and how do legitimacy crises affect international organizations and their capacity to rule. The book starts with a new conceptualization of legitimacy crisis that looks at public challenges from a variety of actors. Based on this conceptualization, it applies a mixed-methods approach to identify and examine legitimacy crises, starting with a quantitative analysis of mass media data on challenges of a sample of 32 IOs. It shows that some, but not all organizations have experienced legitimacy crises, spread over several decades from 1985 to 2020. Following this, the book presents a qualitative study to further examine legitimacy crises of two selected case studies: the WTO and the UNFCCC. Whereas earlier research assumed that legitimacy crises have negative consequences, the book introduces a theoretical framework that privileges the activation inherent in a legitimacy crisis. It holds that this activation may not only harm an IO, but could also strengthen it, in terms of its material, institutional, and decision-making capacity. The following statistical analysis shows that whether a crisis has predominantly negative or positive effects depends on a variety of factors. These include the specific audience whose challenges define a certain crisis, and several institutional properties of the targeted organization. The ensuing in-depth analysis of the WTO and the UNFCCC further reveals how legitimacy crises and both positive and negative consequences are interlinked, and that effects of crises are sometimes even visible beyond the organizational borders.
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-0-19-194674-5
SN - 978-0-19-285632-6
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856326.001.0001
PB - Oxford University Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Mit narrativen Medien lernen
BT - Biografie, Belletristik, Musik, Spielfilm
JF - Handbuch politische Bildung
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-7344-1362-9
SN - 978-3-7344-1363-6
SN - 978-3-7344-1380-3
SN - 1435-7526
SN - 2749-6473
SP - 476
EP - 483
PB - Wochenschau Verlag
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ET - 5., vollständig überarbeitete
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hänel, Hilkje Charlotte
A1 - Schuppert, Fabian
T1 - Einleitung zu Serene Khaders "Decolonizing universalism: transnational feminist ethic"
BT - eine kritische Auseinandersetzung
JF - Zeitschrift für praktische Philosophie
N2 - Serene Khader ist eine der wenigen feministischen Philosoph:innen in der anglosächsischen Philosophie, die sich gezielt mit globaler Ungerechtigkeit und Imperialismus aus Sicht jener Frauen beschäftigen, die von kolonialer und kultureller Herrschaft betroffen sind. Hierbei entlarvt sie eindrucksvoll die oftmals westliche Prägung von Feminismus, Gleichstellungspolitik und Philosophie und verfolgt so das Ziel, die Autonomie und Entscheidungskraft aller Frauen anzuerkennen. So zielt Khader in Decolonizing Universalism: A Transnational Feminist Ethic auf eine Neuausrichtung der feministischen Perspektive, welche es schafft, dekolonial und anti-imperialistisch zu sein, ohne gleichzeitig dem Universalismus komplett abzuschwören. Die folgende Buchdiskussion begibt sich in eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Khaders interessanter wie wichtiger Theorie. Einleitend werden wir einen Überblick über Khaders Grundgedanken geben. Es schließen sich kritische Kommentare von Tamara Jugov, Mirjam Müller, Kerstin Reibold sowie Hilkje C. Hänel und Fabian Schuppert an, auf die Serene Khader abschließend antwortet.
KW - Universalismus
KW - Decoloniale Theorie
KW - Feministische Philosophie
KW - Anti-Imperialismus
KW - Nicht-ideale Theorie
KW - Serene Khader
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.22613/zfpp/9.1.12
SN - 2409-9961
VL - 9
IS - 1
SP - 305
EP - 314
PB - Universität Salzburg, Zentrum für Ethik und Armutsforschung
CY - Salzburg
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Taheri, Mana
T1 - The impact of the socio-cultural context on Design Thinking education
N2 - The demand for learning Design Thinking (DT) as a path towards acquiring 21st-century skills has increased globally in the last decade. Because DT education originated in the Silicon Valley context of the d.school at Stanford, it is important to evaluate how the teaching of the methodology adapts to different cultural contexts.The thesis explores the impact of the socio-cultural context on DT education.
DT institutes in Cape Town, South Africa and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were visited to observe their programs and conduct 22 semistructured interviews with local educators regarding their adaption strategies. Grounded theory methodology was used to develop a model of Socio-Cultural Adaptation of Design Thinking Education that maps these strategies onto five dimensions: Planning, Process, People, Place, and Presentation. Based on this model, a list of recommendations is provided to help DT educators and practitioners in designing and delivering culturally inclusive DT education.
N2 - Die Interesse an Design Thinking (DT) als Weg zum Erwerb modernen Kompetenzen erfuhr in den letzten 10 Jahre einen starken Anstieg.Wegen des von Silicon Valley geprägten Ursprungs von DT Lehre an der d.school in Stanford ist es wichtig, die Adaption des Unterrichts an andere kulturelle Kontexte zu evaluieren. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht eben diesen Einfluß des soziokulturellen Kontext auf Design Thinking Lehre.
Dazu wurden DT Kurse an Instituten in Kapstadt, Südafrika und Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia begleitet und 22 semistrukturierte Interviews mit einheimischen Coaches zu Adaptionsstrategien geführt. Mit Hilfe von Grounded Theory wurde das Modell “Socio-Cultural Adaptions of Design Thinking” (Soziokulturelle Anpassungen von Design Thinking Lehre) entwickelt, welches diese Strategien anhand der folgenden fünf Dimensionen kategorisiert: Planung, Prozess, Personen, Raum und Präsentation. Basierend auf diesem Modell wurde eine Liste von Empfehlungen ausgearbeitet, welche Coaches bei dem Design und der Durchführung von kulturell einschließenden Design Thinking Kursen behilflich sein soll.
KW - Design Thinking
KW - Design Thinking education
KW - cultural diversity
KW - culturally responsive education
KW - Design Thinking
KW - Design Thinking Bildung
KW - kulturelle Diversität
KW - kultursensitive Bildung
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-542599
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Duit, Andreas
A1 - Lim, Sijeong
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
ED - Baltz, Erik
ED - Kosanke, Sven
ED - Pickel, Susanne
T1 - Umweltschutz zwischen Staat und Markt
BT - Regulierung und Performanz in 37 Ländern 1970–2010
T2 - Parties, institutions and preferences
N2 - In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir den Zusammenhang zwischen staatlicher Regulierung im Umweltschutz und der Umweltperformanz. Ausgehend von drei theoretischen Perspektiven, welche die Beziehung von Staat und Markt beim Umweltschutz unterschiedlich konzeptualisieren, identifizieren wir fünf Pfade, wie staatlicher Eingriff und Umweltperformanz miteinander verknüpft sein könnten. Wir untersuchen dann die empirische Relevanz dieser Pfade mit einer quantitativen Analyse, die 29 umweltpolitische Maßnahmen in für 37 Länder und den Zeitraum von 1970 bis 2010 umfasst. Dabei finden wir zumindest für einige Politikbereiche und einige Länder Hinweise, die auf eine Effektivität nationalstaatlicher Regulierung hinweisen. Zukünftige Forschung kann auf unserem Rahmen aufbauen, um weitere Hypothesen zum Policy-Outcome-Nexus zu generieren und zu testen.
KW - Umweltpolitik
KW - Umweltperformanz
KW - Effektivität
KW - Regulierung
KW - Markt
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-658-35132-8
SN - 978-3-658-35133-5
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35133-5_12
SP - 299
EP - 329
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bünning, Mareike
A1 - Hipp, Lena
T1 - How can we become more equal?
BT - public policies and parents’ work–family preferences in Germany
JF - Journal of European social policy
N2 - This study examines how public policies affect parents' preferences for a more egalitarian division of paid and unpaid work. Based on the assumption that individuals develop their preferences within a specific policy context, we examine how changes in three policies affect mothers' and fathers' work-family preferences: the availability of high-quality, affordable childcare; the right to return to a full-time job after having reduced hours to part-time and an increase in the number of 'partner months' in parental leave schemes. Analysing a unique probability sample of parents with young children in Germany from 2015 (N = 1756), we find that fathers would want to work slightly fewer hours if they had the right to return to a full-time position after working part-time, and mothers would want to work slightly more hours if childcare opportunities were improved. Full-time working parents, moreover, are found to prefer fewer hours independent of the policy setting, while non-employed parents would like to work at least some hours. Last but not least, our analyses show that increasing the number of partner months in the parental leave scheme considerably increases fathers' preferences for longer and mothers' preferences for shorter leave. Increasing the number of partner months in parental schemes hence has the greatest potential to increase gender equality.
KW - work-family policies
KW - parental leave
KW - childcare
KW - working time
KW - regulations
KW - parenthood
KW - working hours
KW - gender equality
KW - preferences
KW - capabilities framework
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/09589287211035701
SN - 0958-9287
SN - 1461-7269
VL - 32
IS - 2
SP - 182
EP - 196
PB - Sage Publ.
CY - London
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Seewann, Lena
A1 - Verwiebe, Roland
A1 - Buder, Claudia
A1 - Fritsch, Nina-Sophie
T1 - “Broadcast your gender.”
BT - A comparison of four text-based classification methods of German YouTube channels
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - Social media platforms provide a large array of behavioral data relevant to social scientific research. However, key information such as sociodemographic characteristics of agents are often missing. This paper aims to compare four methods of classifying social attributes from text. Specifically, we are interested in estimating the gender of German social media creators. By using the example of a random sample of 200 YouTube channels, we compare several classification methods, namely (1) a survey among university staff, (2) a name dictionary method with the World Gender Name Dictionary as a reference list, (3) an algorithmic approach using the website gender-api.com, and (4) a Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB) machine learning technique. These different methods identify gender attributes based on YouTube channel names and descriptions in German but are adaptable to other languages. Our contribution will evaluate the share of identifiable channels, accuracy and meaningfulness of classification, as well as limits and benefits of each approach. We aim to address methodological challenges connected to classifying gender attributes for YouTube channels as well as related to reinforcing stereotypes and ethical implications.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 152
KW - text based classification methods
KW - gender
KW - YouTube
KW - machine learning
KW - authorship attribution
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-566287
SN - 1867-5808
IS - 152
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seewann, Lena
A1 - Verwiebe, Roland
A1 - Buder, Claudia
A1 - Fritsch, Nina-Sophie
T1 - “Broadcast your gender.”
BT - A comparison of four text-based classification methods of German YouTube channels
JF - Frontiers in Big Data
N2 - Social media platforms provide a large array of behavioral data relevant to social scientific research. However, key information such as sociodemographic characteristics of agents are often missing. This paper aims to compare four methods of classifying social attributes from text. Specifically, we are interested in estimating the gender of German social media creators. By using the example of a random sample of 200 YouTube channels, we compare several classification methods, namely (1) a survey among university staff, (2) a name dictionary method with the World Gender Name Dictionary as a reference list, (3) an algorithmic approach using the website gender-api.com, and (4) a Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB) machine learning technique. These different methods identify gender attributes based on YouTube channel names and descriptions in German but are adaptable to other languages. Our contribution will evaluate the share of identifiable channels, accuracy and meaningfulness of classification, as well as limits and benefits of each approach. We aim to address methodological challenges connected to classifying gender attributes for YouTube channels as well as related to reinforcing stereotypes and ethical implications.
KW - text based classification methods
KW - gender
KW - YouTube
KW - machine learning
KW - authorship attribution
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2022.908636
SN - 2624-909X
IS - 5
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Narrationen in der fächerübergreifenden politischen Bildung
N2 - In welchem Verhältnis stehen Literatur und das Politische? Fördert narrative politische Bildung Ambiguitätstoleranz und Mehrstimmigkeit? Der Beitrag diskutiert aktuelle didaktische Theorien und Beispiele.
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://www.bpb.de/lernen/kulturelle-bildung/505903/narrationen-in-der-faecheruebergreifenden-politischen-bildung/
PB - bbp, Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung
CY - Bonn
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Khalil, Samir
A1 - Kohler, Ulrich
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper Dag
T1 - Is There a Rural Penalty in Language Acquisition? Evidence From Germany's Refugee Allocation Policy
JF - Frontiers in Sociology
N2 - Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of local contexts for integration trajectories of asylum seekers and refugees. Germany's policy of randomly allocating asylum seekers across Germany may advantage some and disadvantage others in terms of opportunities for equal participation in society. This study explores the question whether asylum seekers that have been allocated to rural areas experience disadvantages in terms of language acquisition compared to those allocated to urban areas. We derive testable assumptions using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) which are then tested using large-N survey data (IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey). We find that living in a rural area has no negative total effect on language skills. Further the findings suggest that the “null effect” is the result of two processes which offset each other: while asylum seekers in rural areas have slightly lower access for formal, federally organized language courses, they have more regular exposure to German speakers.
KW - refugees
KW - allocation policies
KW - rural
KW - language acquisition
KW - intergroup contacts
KW - language courses
KW - integration
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.841775
SN - 2297-7775
VL - 7
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Frontiers
CY - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Khalil, Samir
A1 - Kohler, Ulrich
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper Dag
T1 - Is There a Rural Penalty in Language Acquisition? Evidence From Germany's Refugee Allocation Policy
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of local contexts for integration trajectories of asylum seekers and refugees. Germany's policy of randomly allocating asylum seekers across Germany may advantage some and disadvantage others in terms of opportunities for equal participation in society. This study explores the question whether asylum seekers that have been allocated to rural areas experience disadvantages in terms of language acquisition compared to those allocated to urban areas. We derive testable assumptions using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) which are then tested using large-N survey data (IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey). We find that living in a rural area has no negative total effect on language skills. Further the findings suggest that the “null effect” is the result of two processes which offset each other: while asylum seekers in rural areas have slightly lower access for formal, federally organized language courses, they have more regular exposure to German speakers.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 151
KW - refugees
KW - allocation policies
KW - rural
KW - language acquisition
KW - intergroup contacts
KW - language courses
KW - integration
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-566264
SN - 1867-5808
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mai, Laura
A1 - Elsässer, Joshua Philipp
T1 - Orchestrating global climate governance through data
BT - the UNFCCC secretariat and the global climate action platform
JF - Global environmental politics
N2 - Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the focus of the United Nations climate regime has shifted from forging consensus among national governments toward animating implementation activity across multiple levels.
Based on a case study of the Global Climate Action Portal-an online database designed to document nonstate actor climate commitments and implementation efforts-we trace, conceptualize, and assess how the roles of data, data infrastructures, and actor constellations have changed as a result of this shift.
We argue that in the pre-COP21 negotiation phase, the United Nations Climate Secretariat strategically used the database to orchestrate and leverage nonstate actor commitments to exert pressure on intergovernmental negotiations.
By contrast, in the post-COP21 implementation phase, the Secretariat, in collaboration with climate data specialists, is seeking to develop the portal to track and animate implementation activity.
Given these developments, we discuss the potential and limitations of data-driven climate governance and set out avenues for future research.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00667
SN - 1526-3800
SN - 1536-0091
VL - 22
IS - 4
SP - 151
EP - 172
PB - MIT Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Otieno, Melvine Anyango
A1 - Moonga, Given
A1 - Nidens, Nathalie
A1 - Magero, Norah Vivian
A1 - Jung, Laura
T1 - Adapting to a changing environment: inspiration for planetary health from east African communities
T2 - The lancet. Planetary health
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00193-0
SN - 2542-5196
VL - 6
IS - 10
SP - E775
EP - E776
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reiners, Nina
T1 - Rezension zu: Milewicz, Karolina M.: Constitutionalizing world politics : the logic of democratic power and the unintended consequences of international treaty making. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. - 354 S. - ISBN: 978-1-108-83509-1
JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-021-00333-y
SN - 0032-3470
SN - 1862-2860
VL - 62
IS - 3
SP - 575
EP - 577
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fleischer, Julia
A1 - Reiners, Nina
T1 - Connecting international relations and public administration
BT - toward a joint research agenda for the study of international bureaucracy
JF - International studies review
N2 - The recent debate on administrative bodies in international organizations has brought forward multiple theoretical perspectives, analytical frameworks, and methodological approaches. Despite these efforts to advance knowledge on these actors, the research program on international public administrations (IPAs) has missed out on two important opportunities: reflection on scholarship in international relations (IR) and public administration and synergies between these disciplinary perspectives. Against this backdrop, the essay is a discussion of the literature on IPAs in IR and public administration. We found influence, authority, and autonomy of international bureaucracies have been widely addressed and helped to better understand the agency of such non-state actors in global policy-making. Less attention has been given to the crucial macro-level context of politics for administrative bodies, despite the importance in IR and public administration scholarship. We propose a focus on agency and politics as future avenues for a comprehensive, joint research agenda for international bureaucracies.
N2 - El reciente debate sobre los organismos administrativos en las organizaciones internacionales ha generado diversas perspectivas teóricas, marcos analíticos y enfoques metodológicos. A pesar de estos esfuerzos por mejorar el conocimiento sobre estos actores, el programa de investigación sobre las administraciones públicas internacionales (International Public Administration, IPA) ha perdido dos oportunidades importantes: la reflexión sobre la erudición en las relaciones internacionales y la administración pública y las sinergias entre estas perspectivas disciplinarias. Con este trasfondo, en el ensayo se analiza la literatura sobre las administraciones públicas internacionales en las relaciones internacionales y la administración pública. Descubrimos que la influencia, la autoridad y la autonomía de las burocracias internacionales se han abordado ampliamente y ayudaron a comprender mejor la función de dichos agentes no estatales en la formulación de políticas a nivel mundial. Se ha prestado menos atención al contexto clave a nivel macro de la política de los organismos administrativos, a pesar de su importancia en las relaciones internacionales y la erudición en la administración pública. Proponemos enfocarnos en la agencia y la política como futuras vías para implementar un programa de investigación conjunta y exhaustiva para las burocracias internacionales.
N2 - Le récent débat sur les organes administratifs des organisations internationales a mis en avant plusieurs perspectives théoriques, cadres analytiques et approches méthodologiques. Malgré ces efforts pour faire progresser la connaissance de ces acteurs, le Programme de recherche sur les administrations publiques internationales a manqué deux opportunités majeures : une réflexion sur les recherches en relations internationales et administration publique ainsi que sur les synergies entre ces perspectives des disciplines. Cet essai s'appuie sur cette toile de fond pour établir une discussion au sujet de la littérature abordant les administrations publiques internationales dans les domaines des relations internationales et de l'administration publique. Nous avons constaté que l'influence, l'autorité et l'autonomie des bureaucraties internationales avaient été largement abordées, ce qui permettait de mieux comprendre le pouvoir de tels acteurs non-étatiques dans l’établissement des politiques internationales. Toutefois, malgré son importance dans les recherches en relations internationales et administration publique, une moins grande attention a été accordée au contexte macro des politiques des organes administratifs alors qu'il est crucial. Nous proposons de mettre l'accent sur le pouvoir et les politiques comme pistes futures pour un programme de recherche conjoint complet sur les bureaucraties internationales.
KW - international bureaucracies
KW - international organizations
KW - public
KW - administration
KW - nonstate actors
KW - palabras clave
KW - burocracias internacionales
KW - organizaciones internacionales
KW - administración pública
KW - agentes no estatales
KW - mots clés
KW - bureaucraties internationales
KW - organisations internationales
KW - administration publique
KW - acteurs non-étatiques
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viaa097
SN - 1521-9488
SN - 1468-2486
VL - 23
IS - 4
SP - 1230
EP - 1247
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper
T1 - Measuring migration 2.0
BT - a review of digital data sources
JF - Comparative migration studies : CMS
N2 - The interest in human migration is at its all-time high, yet data to measure migration is notoriously limited. “Big data” or “digital trace data” have emerged as new sources of migration measurement complementing ‘traditional’ census, administrative and survey data. This paper reviews the strengths and weaknesses of eight novel, digital data sources along five domains: reliability, validity, scope, access and ethics. The review highlights the opportunities for migration scholars but also stresses the ethical and empirical challenges. This review intends to be of service to researchers and policy analysts alike and help them navigate this new and increasingly complex field.
KW - Migration
KW - Big data
KW - Digital trace
KW - Measurement
KW - Survey
KW - Review
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-021-00273-x
SN - 2214-594X
VL - 9
IS - 1
PB - Springer
CY - London
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper
T1 - Measuring migration 2.0
BT - a review of digital data sources
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - The interest in human migration is at its all-time high, yet data to measure migration is notoriously limited. “Big data” or “digital trace data” have emerged as new sources of migration measurement complementing ‘traditional’ census, administrative and survey data. This paper reviews the strengths and weaknesses of eight novel, digital data sources along five domains: reliability, validity, scope, access and ethics. The review highlights the opportunities for migration scholars but also stresses the ethical and empirical challenges. This review intends to be of service to researchers and policy analysts alike and help them navigate this new and increasingly complex field.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 149
KW - Migration
KW - Big data
KW - Digital trace
KW - Measurement
KW - Survey
KW - Review
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-553873
SN - 1867-5808
IS - 149
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Penning, Isabelle
T1 - Spannung mit dem Strom-Quiz
BT - Knifflige Aufgaben zum Thema Strom. Wissen problemlösend anwenden
T2 - Praxis Grundschule extra. Lernspiele. Ideen und Materialien für den Unterricht
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-14-161058-1
SP - 110
EP - 119
PB - Westermann
CY - Braunschweig
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Heintz, Bettina
A1 - Wobbe, Theresa
T1 - Vorwort
JF - Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie : KZfSS
T2 - Foreword
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-021-00740-4
SN - 0023-2653
SN - 1861-891X
VL - 73
IS - Suppl. 1
SP - 1
EP - 4
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Eckstein, Bernd
A1 - Muster, Judith
T1 - Postbürokratie und die agile Unsicherheitsabsorption in Interaktionen
JF - Gruppe, Interaktion, Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie : GIO
N2 - This article for the GIO-Journal proposes a perspective rooted in functional equivalence for the analysis of post-bureaucratic reforms that partly shift the organizational absorption of uncertainty to formal interactions of their members. Postbureaucracy tries to conceptualize organizational and societal changes throughout the second half of the 20th century. Agile management frameworks that multiply interactions between members of an organization can be treated as a phenomenon of postbureaucratic organizing. Drawing on systems theory this paper examines how postbureaucratic reforms trigger new uncertainties and how they are tackled by agile concepts of management. We will illustrate this by analyzing the agile concepts Scrum and Holacracy and show how relocation triggers new needs for formalization. Doing this we will focus on how interdependencies of communication in systems of interaction are centered in different dimensions. This paper advocates for a perspective on postbureaucracy in terms of functional equivalence to grasp the connection between the renouncement of formalization and the emergence of new needs for formalization.
N2 - Dieser Beitrag in der Zeitschrift GIO schlägt eine äquivalenzfunktionalistische Perspektive auf postbürokratische Reformen vor, die Teile der Unsicherheitsabsorption von Organisationen in Interaktionssysteme verlagern. Postbürokratie versucht, organisationale und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts auf den Begriff zu bringen. Auch aktuelle agile Managementkonzepte lassen sich der Postbürokratie zuordnen und zeichnen sich unter anderem durch eine Multiplikation von Interaktionen aus. Mithilfe der Theorie sozialer Systeme untersuchen wir wie neue Unsicherheiten in Organisationen durch postbürokratische Reformen entstehen und von agilen Managementkonzepten bearbeitet werden. An den agilen Konzepten Scrum und Holacracy wird gezeigt, dass diese Verlagerung neuen Formalisierungsbedarf produziert. Im Fokus stehen dabei die Zentrierungen kommunikativer Interdependenzen in Interaktionen in der Sach‑, Zeit- und Sozialdimension. Der Beitrag plädiert für eine äquivalenzfunktionalistische Perspektive auf Postbürokratie, die den Zusammenhang von Formalisierungsverzicht in Organisationen und neuen Formalisierungsbedarfen als funktionalen Leistungszusammenhang begreift.
T2 - Post-bureaucracy and the agile absorption of uncertainty through interaction
KW - Post-bureaucracy
KW - Hybridity
KW - Interaction
KW - Agile
KW - Systems theory
KW - Postbürokratie
KW - Hybridität
KW - Interaktion
KW - Agilität
KW - Systemtheorie
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11612-021-00599-1
SN - 2366-6145
SN - 2366-6218
VL - 52
IS - 4
SP - 649
EP - 657
PB - Springer
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hecke, Steven van
A1 - Fuhr, Harald
A1 - Wolfs, Wouter
T1 - The politics of crisis management by regional and international organizations in fighting against a global pandemic
BT - the member states at a crossroads
JF - International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration
N2 - Despite new challenges like climate change and digitalization, global and regional organizations recently went through turbulent times due to a lack of support from several of their member states. Next to this crisis of multilateralism, the COVID-19 pandemic now seems to question the added value of international organizations for addressing global governance issues more specifically. This article analyses this double challenge that several organizations are facing and compares their ways of managing the crisis by looking at their institutional and political context, their governance structure, and their behaviour during the pandemic until June 2020. More specifically, it will explain the different and fragmented responses of the World Health Organization, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund/World Bank. With the aim of understanding the old and new problems that these international organizations are trying to solve, this article argues that the level of autonomy vis-a-vis the member states is crucial for understanding the politics of crisis management.
Points for practitioners
As intergovernmental bodies, international organizations require authorization by their member states. Since they also need funding for their operations, different degrees of autonomy also matter for reacting to emerging challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential for international organizations is limited, though through proactive and bold initiatives, they can seize the opportunity of the crisis and partly overcome institutional and political constraints.
KW - autonomy
KW - COVID-19
KW - crisis management
KW - European Union
KW - International
KW - Monetary Fund
KW - international organizations
KW - multilateralism
KW - World Bank
KW - World Health Organization
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852320984516
SN - 0020-8523
SN - 1461-7226
VL - 87
IS - 3
SP - 672
EP - 690
PB - Sage
CY - Los Angeles, Calif. [u.a.]
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Ssembatya, Anthony
T1 - Dual Citizenship: A comparative study of Kenya and Uganda
T1 - Doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft: eine vergleichende Studie über Kenia und Uganda
N2 - Kenya and Uganda are amongst the countries that, for different historical, political, and economic reasons, have embarked on law reform processes as regards to citizenship. In 2009, Uganda made provisions in its laws to allow citizens to have dual citizenship while Kenya’s 2010 constitution similarly introduced it, and at the same time, a general prohibition on dual citizenship was lifted, that is, a ban on state officers, including the President and Deputy President, being dual nationals (Manby, 2018).
Against this background, I analysed the reasons for which these countries that previously held stringent laws and policies against dual citizenship, made a shift in a close time proximity. Given their geo-political roles, location, regional, continental, and international obligations, I conducted a comparative study on the processes, actors, impact, and effect. A specific period of 2000 to 2010 was researched, that is, from when the debates for law reforms emerged, to the processes being implemented, the actors, and the implications.
According to Rubenstein (2000, p. 520), citizenship is observed in terms of “political institutions” that are free to act according to the will of, in the interests of, or with authority over, their citizenry. Institutions are emergent national or international, higher-order factors above the individual spectrum, having the interests and political involvement of their actors without requiring recurring collective mobilisation or imposing intervention to realise these regularities. Transnational institutions are organisations with authority beyond single governments. Given their International obligations, I analysed the role of the UN, AU, and EAC in influencing the citizenship debates and reforms in Kenya and Uganda. Further, non-state actors, such as civil society, were considered.
Veblen, (1899) describes institutions as a set of settled habits of thought common to the generality of men. Institutions function only because the rules involved are rooted in shared habits of thought and behaviour although there is some ambiguity in the definition of the term “habit”. Whereas abstracts and definitions depend on different analytical procedures, institutions restrain some forms of action and facilitate others. Transnational institutions both restrict and aid behaviour. The famous “invisible hand” is nothing else but transnational institutions. Transnational theories, as applied to politics, posit two distinct forms that are of influence over policy and political action (Veblen, 1899). This influence and durability of institutions is “a function of the degree to which they are instilled in political actors at the individual or organisational level, and the extent to which they thereby “tie up” material resources and networks. Against this background, transitional networks with connection to Kenya and Uganda were considered alongside the diaspora from these two countries and their role in the debate and reforms on Dual citizenship.
Sterian (2013, p. 310) notes that Nation states may be vulnerable to institutional influence and this vulnerability can pose a threat to a nation’s autonomy, political legitimacy, and to the democratic public law. Transnational institutions sometimes “collide with the sovereignty of the state when they create new structures for regulating cross-border relationships”. However, Griffin (2003) disagrees that transnational institutional behaviour is premised on the principles of neutrality, impartiality, and independence. Transnational institutions have become the main target of the lobby groups and civil society, consequently leading to excessive politicisation. Kenya and Uganda are member states not only of the broader African union but also of the E.A.C which has adopted elements of socio-economic uniformity. Therefore, in the comparative analysis, I examine the role of the East African Community and its partners in the dual citizenship debate on the two countries.
I argue in the analysis that it is not only important to be a citizen within Kenya or Uganda but also important to discover how the issue of dual citizenship is legally interpreted within the borders of each individual nation-state. In light of this discussion, I agree with Mamdani’s definition of the nation-state as a unique form of power introduced in Africa by colonial powers between 1880 and 1940 whose outcomes can be viewed as “debris of a modernist postcolonial project, an attempt to create a centralised modern state as the bearer of Westphalia sovereignty against the background of indirect rule” (Mamdani, 1996, p. xxii). I argue that this project has impacted the citizenship debate through the adopted legal framework of post colonialism, built partly on a class system, ethnic definitions, and political affiliation. I, however, insist that the nation-state should still be a vital custodian of the citizenship debate, not in any way denying the individual the rights to identity and belonging. The question then that arises is which type of nation-state? Mamdani (1996, p. 298) asserts that the core agenda that African states faced at independence was threefold: deracialising civil society; detribalising the native authority; and developing the economy in the context of unequal international relations. Post-independence governments grappled with overcoming the citizen and subject dichotomy through either preserving the customary in the name of “defending tradition against alien encroachment or abolishing it in the name of overcoming backwardness and embracing triumphant modernism”. Kenya and Uganda are among countries that have reformed their citizenship laws attesting to Mamdani’s latter assertion.
Mamdani’s (1996) assertions on how African states continue to deal with the issue of citizenship through either the defence of tradition against subjects or abolishing it in the name of overcoming backwardness and acceptance of triumphant modernism are based on the colonial legal theory and the citizen-subject dichotomy within Africa communities. To further create a wider perspective on legal theory, I argue that those assertions above, point to the historical divergence between the republican model of citizenship, which places emphasis on political agency as envisioned in Rousseau´s social contract, as opposed to the liberal model of citizenship, which stresses the legal status and protection (Pocock, 1995).
I, therefore, compare the contexts of both Kenya and Uganda, the actors, the implications of transnationalism and post-nationalism, on the citizens, the nation-state and the region. I conclude by highlighting the shortcomings in the law reforms that allowed for dual citizenship, further demonstrating an urgent need to address issues, such as child statelessness, gender nationality laws, and the rights of dual citizens. Ethnicity, a weak nation state, and inconsistent citizenship legal reforms are closely linked to the historical factors of both countries. I further indicate the economic and political incentives that influenced the reform.
Keywords: Citizenship, dual citizenship, nation state, republicanism, liberalism, transnationalism, post-nationalism
N2 - Kenia und Uganda gehören zu den Ländern, die aus unterschiedlichen historischen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen Gesetzesreformen im Bereich der Staatsbürgerschaft in Angriff genommen haben. Im Jahr 2009 hat Uganda Bestimmungen in seine Gesetze aufgenommen, die den Bürgern eine doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft erlauben, während Kenias Verfassung von 2010 dies ebenfalls vorsieht. Gleichzeitig wurde ein allgemeines Verbot der doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft aufgehoben, d. h. das Verbot, dass Staatsbeamte, einschließlich des Präsidenten und des stellvertretenden Präsidenten, eine doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft haben (Manby, 2018).
Vor diesem Hintergrund habe ich die Gründe analysiert, aus denen diese Länder, die zuvor strenge Gesetze und Strategien gegen die doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft verfolgten, in kurzer Zeit einen Wandel vollzogen. Angesichts ihrer geopolitischen Rolle, ihrer Lage, ihrer regionalen, kontinentalen und internationalen Verpflichtungen habe ich eine vergleichende Studie zu den Prozessen, Akteuren, Auswirkungen und Folgen durchgeführt. Untersucht wurde ein bestimmter Zeitraum von 2000 bis 2010, d. h. vom Aufkommen der Debatten über Gesetzesreformen bis hin zu den durchgeführten Prozessen, den Akteuren und den Auswirkungen.
Nach Rubenstein (2000, S. 520) wird die Staatsbürgerschaft im Hinblick auf "politische Institutionen" betrachtet, die frei sind, nach dem Willen der Bürger, im Interesse der Bürger oder mit Autorität gegenüber den Bürgern zu handeln. Institutionen sind emergente nationale oder internationale Faktoren höherer Ordnung, die über das individuelle Spektrum hinausgehen und die Interessen und das politische Engagement ihrer Akteure haben, ohne dass es einer wiederkehrenden kollektiven Mobilisierung oder eines auferlegten Eingriffs bedarf, um diese Gesetzmäßigkeiten zu verwirklichen. Transnationale Institutionen sind Organisationen, deren Autorität über einzelne Regierungen hinausgeht. Angesichts ihrer internationalen Verpflichtungen habe ich die Rolle der UNO, der AU und der EAC bei der Beeinflussung der Staatsbürgerschaftsdebatten und -reformen in Kenia und Uganda analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurden auch nichtstaatliche Akteure wie die Zivilgesellschaft berücksichtigt.
Veblen (1899) beschreibt Institutionen als eine Reihe von festen Denkgewohnheiten, die der Allgemeinheit der Menschen gemeinsam sind. Institutionen funktionieren nur, weil die betreffenden Regeln in gemeinsamen Denk- und Verhaltensgewohnheiten verwurzelt sind, auch wenn die Definition des Begriffs "Gewohnheit" nicht ganz eindeutig ist. Während Abstrakta und Definitionen von unterschiedlichen analytischen Verfahren abhängen, schränken Institutionen einige Handlungsformen ein und erleichtern andere. Transnationale Institutionen schränken das Verhalten sowohl ein als auch fördern es. Die berühmte "unsichtbare Hand" ist nichts anderes als transnationale Institutionen. Transnationale Theorien, die auf die Politik angewandt werden, gehen von zwei unterschiedlichen Formen des Einflusses auf die Politik und das politische Handeln aus (Veblen, 1899). Dieser Einfluss und die Dauerhaftigkeit von Institutionen sind "eine Funktion des Grades, in dem sie den politischen Akteuren auf individueller oder organisatorischer Ebene eingeimpft werden, und des Ausmaßes, in dem sie dadurch materielle Ressourcen und Netzwerke "binden". Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden Übergangsnetzwerke mit Bezug zu Kenia und Uganda ebenso betrachtet wie die Diaspora aus diesen beiden Ländern und ihre Rolle in der Debatte und den Reformen zur doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft.
Sterian (2013, S. 310) stellt fest, dass Nationalstaaten anfällig für institutionellen Einfluss sein können und diese Anfälligkeit eine Bedrohung für die Autonomie einer Nation, die politische Legitimität und das demokratische öffentliche Recht darstellen kann. Transnationale Institutionen "kollidieren manchmal mit der Souveränität des Staates, wenn sie neue Strukturen zur Regulierung grenzüberschreitender Beziehungen schaffen". Griffin (2003) ist jedoch nicht der Meinung, dass das Verhalten transnationaler Institutionen auf den Grundsätzen der Neutralität, Unparteilichkeit und Unabhängigkeit beruht. Transnationale Institutionen sind zur Hauptzielscheibe von Lobbygruppen und der Zivilgesellschaft geworden, was zu einer übermäßigen Politisierung führt. Kenia und Uganda sind nicht nur Mitglieder der Afrikanischen Union im weiteren Sinne, sondern auch des Europäischen Wirtschaftsraums, der Elemente der sozioökonomischen Einheitlichkeit übernommen hat. In der vergleichenden Analyse untersuche ich daher die Rolle der Ostafrikanischen Gemeinschaft und ihrer Partner in der Debatte um die doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft in den beiden Ländern.
In der Analyse argumentiere ich, dass es nicht nur wichtig ist, Staatsbürger in Kenia oder Uganda zu sein, sondern auch zu erfahren, wie die Frage der doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft innerhalb der Grenzen jedes einzelnen Nationalstaates rechtlich interpretiert wird. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Diskussion stimme ich Mamdanis Definition des Nationalstaates als eine einzigartige Form der Macht zu, die von den Kolonialmächten zwischen 1880 und 1940 in Afrika eingeführt wurde und deren Ergebnisse als "Trümmer eines modernistischen postkolonialen Projekts, eines Versuchs, einen zentralisierten modernen Staat als Träger westfälischer Souveränität vor dem Hintergrund indirekter Herrschaft zu schaffen" (Mamdani, 1996, S. xxii), betrachtet werden können. Ich behaupte, dass dieses Projekt die Debatte über die Staatsbürgerschaft durch den angenommenen Rechtsrahmen des Postkolonialismus beeinflusst hat, der teilweise auf einem Klassensystem, ethnischen Definitionen und politischer Zugehörigkeit aufbaut. Ich bestehe jedoch darauf, dass der Nationalstaat nach wie vor ein wichtiger Hüter der Staatsbürgerschaftsdebatte sein sollte, der dem Einzelnen in keiner Weise das Recht auf Identität und Zugehörigkeit abspricht. Die Frage, die sich nun stellt, ist, welche Art von Nationalstaat? Mamdani (1996, S. 298) behauptet, dass die afrikanischen Staaten in der Zeit der Unabhängigkeit vor allem drei Aufgaben zu bewältigen hatten: die Entnazifizierung der Zivilgesellschaft, die Entstammung der einheimischen Autorität und die Entwicklung der Wirtschaft im Kontext ungleicher internationaler Beziehungen. Nach der Unabhängigkeit bemühten sich die Regierungen um die Überwindung der Dichotomie von Bürger und Untertan, indem sie entweder das Gewohnheitsrecht im Namen der "Verteidigung der Tradition gegen fremde Übergriffe oder der Abschaffung des Gewohnheitsrechts im Namen der Überwindung der Rückständigkeit und des triumphalen Modernismus" bewahrten. Kenia und Uganda gehören zu den Ländern, die ihre Staatsbürgerschaftsgesetze reformiert haben, was Mamdanis letztere Behauptung unterstreicht.
Mamdanis (1996) Behauptungen darüber, wie afrikanische Staaten weiterhin mit der Frage der Staatsbürgerschaft umgehen, indem sie entweder die Tradition gegenüber den Untertanen verteidigen oder sie im Namen der Überwindung der Rückständigkeit und der Akzeptanz der triumphalen Moderne abschaffen, basieren auf der kolonialen Rechtstheorie und der Bürger-Subjekt-Dichotomie innerhalb der afrikanischen Gemeinschaften. Um eine breitere Perspektive auf die Rechtstheorie zu schaffen, argumentiere ich, dass die oben genannten Behauptungen auf die historische Divergenz zwischen dem republikanischen Modell der Staatsbürgerschaft, das den Schwerpunkt auf politisches Handeln legt, wie es in Rousseaus Gesellschaftsvertrag vorgesehen ist, und dem liberalen Modell der Staatsbürgerschaft, das den rechtlichen Status und Schutz betont, hinweisen (Pocock, 1995).
Ich vergleiche daher die Kontexte von Kenia und Uganda, die Akteure, die Auswirkungen von Transnationalismus und Postnationalismus auf die Bürger, den Nationalstaat und die Region. Abschließend hebe ich die Unzulänglichkeiten der Gesetzesreformen hervor, die die doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft ermöglichten, und zeige auf, dass es dringend notwendig ist, sich mit Themen wie Staatenlosigkeit von Kindern, geschlechtsspezifischen Staatsangehörigkeitsgesetzen und den Rechten von Doppelbürgern zu befassen. Ethnische Zugehörigkeit, ein schwacher Nationalstaat und uneinheitliche Reformen des Staatsbürgerschaftsrechts sind eng mit den historischen Faktoren beider Länder verbunden. Ich zeige auch die wirtschaftlichen und politischen Anreize auf, die die Reform beeinflusst haben.
Schlüsselwörter: Staatsbürgerschaft, doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft, Nationalstaat, Republikanismus, Liberalismus, Transnationalismus, Post-Nationalismus
KW - Citizenship
KW - Dual Citizenship
KW - Statelessness
KW - Staatsbürgerschaft
KW - doppelte Staatsbürgerschaft
KW - Staatenlosigkeit
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-531186
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Vladova, Gergana
A1 - Ullrich, André
A1 - Bender, Benedict
A1 - Gronau, Norbert
T1 - Students’ Acceptance of Technology-Mediated Teaching – How It Was Influenced During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020: A Study From Germany
T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - In response to the impending spread of COVID-19, universities worldwide abruptly stopped face-to-face teaching and switched to technology-mediated teaching. As a result, the use of technology in the learning processes of students of different disciplines became essential and the only way to teach, communicate and collaborate for months. In this crisis context, we conducted a longitudinal study in four German universities, in which we collected a total of 875 responses from students of information systems and music and arts at four points in time during the spring–summer 2020 semester. Our study focused on (1) the students’ acceptance of technology-mediated learning, (2) any change in this acceptance during the semester and (3) the differences in acceptance between the two disciplines. We applied the Technology Acceptance Model and were able to validate it for the extreme situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. We extended the model with three new variables (time flexibility, learning flexibility and social isolation) that influenced the construct of perceived usefulness. Furthermore, we detected differences between the disciplines and over time. In this paper, we present and discuss our study’s results and derive short- and long-term implications for science and practice.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 141
KW - COVID-19
KW - digital learning
KW - discipline differences
KW - e-learning
KW - TAM
KW - technology acceptance
KW - technology-mediated teaching
KW - university teaching
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-521615
SN - 1867-5808
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wobbe, Theresa
T1 - Die Differenz Haushalt vs. Markt als latentes Beobachtungsschema
BT - Vergleichsverfahren der inter/nationalen Statistik (1882–1990)
BT - Comparative operations of inter/national statistics (1882–1990)
JF - Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie : KZfSS
N2 - Ausgehend von der Teilung in nichtaktive (Haushalt) und aktive Bevölkerung (Markt) fragt der Beitrag nach der Rolle, die statistische Vergleichsverfahren bei dieser Grenzziehung in der Welt der Arbeit spielen. Dies geschieht vor dem Hintergrund der Verzweigung von zwei strukturellen Entwicklungen, nämlich dem Wandel der (Arbeits‑)Welten und der statistischen Vergleichsverfahren. Der Beitrag gehört zu den ersten, der diese Nahtstelle systematisch und empirisch an der nationalen und internationalen (Beschäftigungs‑)Statistik untersucht. In diesem Beitrag schlage ich vor, die beiden Beobachtungsebenen als ein Feld der inter/nationalen Statistik zu verstehen. Ihre Ähnlichkeiten, Unterschiede und Verzweigungen werden soziologisch bislang noch nicht wahrgenommen. Im Unterschied dazu behandele ich sie aus einer wissensgeschichtlichen und wissenssoziologischen Perspektive gemeinsam hinsichtlich ihrer Selektionsleistungen, Beobachtungsinstrumente und Beschreibungsebenen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die zunehmende Spezifizierung und Ausdehnung der ökonomischen Dimension von Arbeitstätigkeiten, die durch die Ordnungstechniken der inter/nationalen Statistik, verstärkt nach 1945, forciert werden. Diese Verschiebungen, so das Argument, sind eng mit dem Aufstieg des technischen Wissens im „technical internationalism“ verbunden, die nach 1945 das statistische und das Alltagsverständnis von der wirtschaftlich nichtaktiven Haushaltsarbeit bekräftigen.
N2 - Based on the division of "nonactive" (household) versus "active" (market) populations, this article discusses the role that statistical obversational schemata play in creating gendered boundaries in the world of work. I explore this riddle against the background of the interlacing of two structural developments, i.e., the changing worlds of work and the comparative procedures of employment statistics. The article is one of the first contributions to investigate this interface systematically and empirically using national and international statistics. Although predominantly considered in sociology without relation to each other, I propose to capture their similarities, differences, and entanglements between the two levels of description as common inter/national statistics. The contribution sheds light on them from a historical and sociological perspective with respect to their selection capacity, their level of observation, and their instruments. The results suggest that during the twentieth century-with intensification after 1945-there was increasing specification and extension of the economic meaning of "gainful employment." I argue that this shift is closely linked to the rise of "technical knowledge" and "technical internationalism" in confirming the everyday understanding of household work as economically "nonactive."
T2 - The distinction of household vs. market as a latent obversational schema
KW - Boundary-making of work
KW - Statistical technologies of ordering
KW - Gendered
KW - categorization
KW - Objectivation
KW - Normalization
KW - Grenzziehungen von Arbeit
KW - Statistische Ordnungstechniken
KW - Geschlechtliche Kategorisierung
KW - Objektivierung
KW - Normalisierung
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-021-00746-y
SN - 0023-2653
SN - 1861-891X
VL - 73
IS - Suppl. 1
SP - 195
EP - 222
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tjaden, Jasper Dag
A1 - Dunsch, Felipe Alexander
T1 - The effect of peer-to-peer risk information on potential migrants
BT - evidence from a randomized controlled trial in Senegal
JF - World development : the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development
N2 - In response to mounting evidence on the dangers of irregular migration from Africa to Europe, the number of information campaigns which aim to raise awareness about the potential risks has rapidly increased. Governments, international organizations and civil society organizations implement a variety of campaigns to counter the spread of misinformation accelerated by smuggling and trafficking networks. The evidence on the effects of such information interventions on potential migrants remains limited and largely anecdotal. More generally, the role of risk perceptions in the decision-making process of potential irregular migrants is rarely explicitly tested, despite the fact that the concept of risk pervades conventional migration models, particularly in the field of economics. We address this gap by assessing the effects of a peer-to-peer information intervention on the perceptions, knowledge and intentions of potential migrants in Dakar, Senegal, using a randomized controlled trial design. The results show that - three months after the intervention - peer-to-peer information events increase potential migrants' subjective information levels, raise risk awareness, and reduce intentions to migrate irregularly. We find no substantial effects on factual migration knowledge. We discuss how the effects may be driven by the trust and identification-enhancing nature of peer-to-peer communication.
(c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW - Randomized controlled trial
KW - Migration
KW - Information
KW - Decision-making
KW - Communication for development
KW - Peer-to-peer
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105488
SN - 0305-750X
VL - 145
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
ED - Deichmann, Carl
ED - Partetzke, Marc
T1 - Mundus vult decipi
BT - Propaganda und Kulturindustrie im Kontext politischer Bildung
T2 - Demokratie im Stresstest
N2 - Die Menschen glauben, was sie glauben wollen. Betonung auf wollen. (…) Nein, der Glaube der Menschen hängt nicht von Fakten ab, nicht von Beweisen. Schlimmer noch – und das ist fast so etwas wie der zweite Teil der Erleuchtung, eine Steigerung: Man kann ihnen Fakten liefern, man kann sie widerlegen, es hilft nichts. Im Gegenteil, wer etwas glauben will, findet einen Weg! Er wird sich durch den winzigen Spalt quetschen, den die Wahrheit im lässt. Wird die Dinge so lange so drehen und wenden, bis sie wieder in seinen Glauben hineinpassen, und seine ganze Klugheit wird ihn nicht etwa daran hindern, sondern ihm noch dabei behilflich sein.
Eugen Ruge, Metropol
Toren sind, die alles loben und lieben, was im Nebel verdrehter Worte dunkel daherkommt; Toren, die für wahr halten, was ihnen eingefärbt durch wohltönende Phrasen, reizvoll die Ohren kitzelt.
Lukrez, Über die Natur der Dinge
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-658-33076-7
SN - 978-3-658-33077-4
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33077-4_13
SP - 229
EP - 247
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Ein Volkskanzler
BT - didaktische Hinweise und Materialien zum Theaterstück von Maximilian Steinbeis
N2 - Wie Grundrechte unter den Augen aller ausgehöhlt und umgebaut werden, wie kurz der Weg von der Demokratie zur Diktatur ist, zeigt Maximilian Steinbeis‘ Gedankenexperiment »Ein Volkskanzler« in sechs Schritten. Auf der Grundlage seines Essays hat er ein Theaterstück verfasst, das bereits auf vielen Bühnen gespielt und nun auch als Kammerspiel verfilmt wurde.
Die didaktische Handreichung unterstützt Lehrerinnen und Lehrer bei der Einbettung des Theaterstücks oder der Verfilmung von »Ein Volkskanzler« im Unterricht.
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.bpb.de/system/files/dokument_pdf/211118_6380_handreichung_volkskanzler_online_.pdf
SN - 978-3-8389-7228-2
PB - bpb, Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung
CY - Bonn
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Aporien des Rechts
BT - Ferdinand von Schirachs Theaterstücke in der politischen Bildung
JF - Zeitschrift für Menschenrechte
KW - Menschenrechte
KW - Religionsfreiheit
KW - Verschwindenlassen
KW - Folter
KW - Lieferkettengesetz
KW - Ferdinand von Schirach
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-7344-1405-3
SN - 1864-6492
SN - 2749-4845
VL - 15
IS - 2
SP - 196
EP - 206
PB - Wochenschau Verlag
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stehle, Fee
T1 - Rezension zu: Jordan, Andrew; Huitema, Dave; Asselt Harro van; Foster, Johanna (eds.): Governing climate change: polycentricity in action? - Cambridge ; New York, NY ; Port Melbourne : Cambridge University Press, 2018. - xv, 389 S. - ISBN 978-1-108-41812-6
JF - Global environmental politics
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_r_00596
SN - 1536-0091
SN - 1526-3800
VL - 21
IS - 1
SP - 157
EP - 159
PB - MIT Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bonomi Savignon, Andrea
A1 - Meneguzzo, Marco
A1 - Kuhlmann, Sabine
A1 - Cepiku, Denita
T1 - Guest editorial: Interinstitutional performance management
BT - theory and practice of performance indicators at organizational boundaries
JF - International journal of public sector management : IJPSM
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-03-2021-0057
SN - 0951-3558
SN - 1758-6666
VL - 34
IS - 3
SP - 241
EP - 246
PB - Emerald Group Publishing Limited
CY - Bingley
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Büchner, Stefanie
A1 - Dosdall, Henrik
T1 - Organisation und Algorithmus
BT - Wie algorithmische Kategorien, Vergleiche und Bewertungen durch Organisationen relevant gemacht werden
BT - how organizations make algorithmic categories, comparisons, and evaluations relevant
JF - Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie : KZfSS
N2 - This article analyzes how organizations endow algorithms, which we understand as digital formats of observation, with agency, thus rendering them actionable. Our main argument is that the relevance of digital observation formats results from how organizations embed them in their decision architectures. We demonstrate this using the example of the Austrian Public Employment Service (AMS), which introduced an algorithm in 2018 to evaluate the chances of unemployed persons being reintegrated in the labor market. In this regard, the AMS algorithm serves as an exemplary case for the current trend among public organizations to harness algorithms for distributing limited resources in a purportedly more efficient way. To reconstruct how this is achieved, we delineate how the AMS algorithm categorizes, compares, and evaluates persons. Building on this, we demonstrate how the algorithmic model is integrated into the organizational decision architecture and thereby made actionable. In conclusion, algorithmic models like the AMS algorithm also pose a challenge for organizations because they mute chances for realizing organizational learning. We substantiate this argument with regard to the role of coproduction and the absence of clear causality in the field of (re)integrating unemployed persons in the labor market.
N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert, wie Organisationen Algorithmen, die wir als digitale Beobachtungsformate verstehen, mit Handlungsfähigkeit ausstatten und damit actionable machen. Das zentrale Argument lautet, dass die soziale Relevanz digitaler Beobachtungsformate sich daraus ergibt, dass und wie sie in organisationale Entscheidungsarchitekturen eingebettet sind. Diesen Zusammenhang illustrieren wir am Beispiel des österreichischen Arbeitsmarktservice (AMS), der 2018 einen Algorithmus einführte, um die Integrationschancen arbeitsuchender Personen zu bewerten. Der AMS steht dabei stellvertretend für aktuelle Bestrebungen vieler Organisationen, algorithmische Systeme einzusetzen, um knappe öffentliche Ressourcen vermeintlich effizienter zu distribuieren. Um zu rekonstruieren, wie dies geschieht, zeigen wir, welche Operationen des Kategorisierens, Vergleichens und Bewertens das algorithmische Modell vollzieht. Darauf aufbauend demonstrieren wir, wie das algorithmische Modell in die organisationale Entscheidungsarchitektur eingebunden ist. Erst durch diese Einbindung – die Möglichkeit, Unterschiede für andere, relativ stabil erzeugte Entscheidungen zu machen – entfaltet das digitale Beobachtungsformat soziale Relevanz. Abschließend argumentieren wir, dass algorithmische Modelle, wie sie am Fall des AMS beobachtet werden können, dazu tendieren, sich in Organisationen zu stabilisieren. Dies begründen wir damit, dass die organisationalen Lernchancen im Umgang mit dem Algorithmus dadurch reduziert sind, dass dieser in einem Bereich zum Einsatz kommt, der durch Technologiedefizit und koproduktive Leistungserstellung geprägt ist.
T2 - Organization and algorithm
KW - Digitization
KW - Public organizations
KW - Algorithms
KW - Organizational learning
KW - Digital observation formats
KW - Digitalisierung
KW - Öffentliche Organisationen
KW - Algorithmen
KW - Organisationales Lernen
KW - Digitale Beobachtungsformate
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-021-00752-0
SN - 0023-2653
SN - 1861-891X
VL - 73
IS - Suppl. 1
SP - 333
EP - 357
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reiners, Nina
T1 - Despite or because of contestation?
BT - how water became a human right
JF - Human rights quarterly : a comparative and international journal of the social sciences, humanities, and law
N2 - Almost twenty years after its recognition in international human rights law, the human right to water continues to spark discussions about its scope and meaning. This article revisits the evolution and contestation of the right's first international legal framework, General Comment No. 15 from the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The analysis highlights the contestation of economic and social rights as a universal phenomenon at multiple levels, but argues that these meaning-making practices can support their validation and recognition.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2021.0021
SN - 0275-0392
SN - 1085-794X
VL - 43
IS - 2
SP - 329
EP - 343
PB - Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
CY - Baltimore
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Rezension zu: Pelluchon, Corine: Manifest für die Tiere. - München: C.H. Beck Verlag, 2020. - 125 S. - ISBN: 978-3-406-75709-9
JF - Forum Politikunterricht
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.uni-potsdam.de/fileadmin/projects/politische-bildung/Dokumente_sonstiges/Rezension_pelluchon_juchler.pdf
SN - 0941-5874
IS - 1-2
PB - Deutsche Vereinigung für Politische Bildung, Landesverband Bayern
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Turner, Bryan S.
T1 - Book review: Populism in the civil sphere / edited: Jeffrey C. Alexander, Peter Kivisto, Giuseppe Sciortino. - Cambridge ; Medford : Polity, 2021. - ISBN 978-1-5095-4474-5 ; 978-1-5095-4473-8
JF - Journal of classical sociology : JCS
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X21996104
SN - 1468-795X
SN - 1741-2897
VL - 21
IS - 3-4
SP - 357
EP - 360
PB - Sage Publ.
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stecker, Christian
A1 - Kachel, Jannis
A1 - Paasch, Jana
T1 - Muster der Landesgesetzgebung
BT - eine Analyse aller Landesgesetze zwischen 1990–2020
BT - an analysis of all bills between 1990 and 2020
JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politikwissenschaft
N2 - This research note presents the first systematic documentation of the legislative process in the German state parliaments. The data set comprises 16,610 bills between 1990 and 2020. After a description of the data, we provide illustrative insights into the patterns of law-making. It is shown that these patterns are dominated by the new dualism between government and opposition. Furthermore, the incentives of issue competition are clearly present in the legislative initiatives. There is no evidence, however, for the expectation that intracoalitional policy distance prolongs the duration of legislative procedures. The published data provides scholars with the opportunity to investigate various additional research questions.
N2 - Die vorliegende Research Note stellt die erste systematische Dokumentation der Gesetzgebung in den deutschen Landtagen vor. Der Datensatz umfasst insgesamt 16.610 dokumentierte Gesetzgebungsvorgänge zwischen den Jahren 1990 und 2020. Nach einer Beschreibung des Datensatzes werden einige Gesetzgebungsmuster in den deutschen Ländern exemplarisch dargestellt. Die Landesgesetzgebung erweist sich dabei als stark durch den neuen Dualismus zwischen Regierung und Opposition geprägt. Im Initiativverhalten lassen sich zudem die Anreize des thematischen Parteienwettbewerbs ablesen. Wenig Evidenz findet sich für die These, dass innerkoalitionäre Gegensätze die Dauer der Gesetzgebungsverfahren in die Länge ziehen. Der mit dieser Research Note veröffentlichte Datensatz steht der Forschung für die Untersuchung zahlreicher weiterer Fragestellungen zur Verfügung.
T2 - Patterns of law-making in the German States
KW - Legislative process
KW - Regional states
KW - Multilevel system
KW - Federalism
KW - Germany
KW - Gesetzgebung
KW - Bundesländer
KW - Landtage
KW - Föderalismus
KW - Mehrebenensystem
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-021-00307-0
SN - 0032-3470
SN - 1862-2860
VL - 62
IS - 2
SP - 307
EP - 324
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
ED - Lüdicke, Lars
T1 - Außerschulische Lernorte, Narrationen und Theater
BT - Perspektiven der klassischen Vermittlungsarbeit zur Demokratiegeschichte
T2 - Deutsche Demokratiegeschichte II
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-95410-282-2
SP - 45
EP - 55
PB - be.bra wissenschaft
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
ED - Goll, Thomas
ED - Friedrichs, Werner
T1 - Groteske und Satire im DDR-Roman als didaktische Momente in der politischen Bildung
T2 - Politik in der Kunst – Kunst in der Politik
N2 - Ingo Juchler setzt sich am Beispiel des Romans „Am kürzeren Ende der Sonnenallee“ (1999) von Thomas Brussig mit „Groteske und Satire im DDR-Roman als didaktische Momente in der politischen Bildung“ auseinander. Nach der Einführung in den Roman erörtert er dessen politischen Sinngehalt, den er in der Auseinandersetzung mit den literarischen Leitfiguren des Romans, Friedrich Schiller und Jean-Paul Sartre, im besonderen Wert der Freiheit findet. Den Toten der Berliner Mauer, die davon Zeugnis geben, setzt Juchler im abschließenden Kapitel ein Denkmal.
KW - Berliner Mauer
KW - Freiheit
KW - Narrationen
KW - Klassik
KW - Existentialismus
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-658-33763-6
SN - 978-3-658-33762-9
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33763-6_3
SN - 2570-2114
SN - 2570-2122
SP - 35
EP - 49
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schuppert, Fabian
T1 - Zur Auferlegung systemischer Finanzrisiken
BT - moralische Unzulässigkeit und staatliche Sorgfaltspflicht
JF - Zeitschrift für politische Theorie
N2 - Obwohl seit der Finanzkrise 2008 systemische Finanzrisiken das Objekt zahlreicher wissenschaftlicher Studien waren, hat die Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen und Umständen die Auferlegung eines systemischen Finanzrisikos moralisch unzulässig ist, bisher kaum Beachtung gefunden. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, eine Reihe von normativen Kriterien für die Einschätzung der moralischen Unzulässigkeit von systemischen Risiken zu entwickeln. Darüber hinaus wird argumentiert, dass staatliche und andere relevante Institutionen zwei zentrale Pflichten hinsichtlich des Umgangs mit systemischen Finanzrisiken haben: eine Schutzpflicht gegenüber allen Bürger*innen und eine Sorgfaltspflicht, um die diesen Institutionen obliegenden Kontroll- und Aufsichtsfunktionen verantwortungsvoll auszuüben.
KW - Systemisches Risiko
KW - Nicht-Beherrschung
KW - Republikanismus
KW - Risikoauferlegung
KW - Finanzrisiken
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v12i1.05
SN - 1869-3016
SN - 2196-2103
VL - 12
IS - 1
SP - 67
EP - 83
PB - Barbara Budrich
CY - Leverkusen-Opladen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sommerer, Thomas
A1 - Squatrito, Theresa
A1 - Tallberg, Jonas
A1 - Lundgren, Magnus
T1 - Decision-making in international organizations
BT - institutional design and performance
JF - The review of international organizations
N2 - International organizations (IOs) experience significant variation in their decision-making performance, or the extent to which they produce policy output. While some IOs are efficient decision-making machineries, others are plagued by deadlock. How can such variation be explained? Examining this question, the article makes three central contributions. First, we approach performance by looking at IO decision-making in terms of policy output and introduce an original measure of decision-making performance that captures annual growth rates in IO output. Second, we offer a novel theoretical explanation for decision-making performance. This account highlights the role of institutional design, pointing to how majoritarian decision rules, delegation of authority to supranational institutions, and access for transnational actors (TNAs) interact to affect decision-making. Third, we offer the first comparative assessment of the decision-making performance of IOs. While previous literature addresses single IOs, we explore decision-making across a broad spectrum of 30 IOs from 1980 to 2011. Our analysis indicates that IO decision-making performance varies across and within IOs. We find broad support for our theoretical account, showing the combined effect of institutional design features in shaping decision-making performance. Notably, TNA access has a positive effect on decision-making performance when pooling is greater, and delegation has a positive effect when TNA access is higher. We also find that pooling has an independent, positive effect on decision-making performance. All-in-all, these findings suggest that the institutional design of IOs matters for their decision-making performance, primarily in more complex ways than expected in earlier research.
KW - international organizations
KW - institutional design
KW - decision-making
KW - global governance
KW - performance
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-021-09445-x
SN - 1559-7431
SN - 1559-744X
VL - 17
IS - 4
SP - 815
EP - 845
PB - Springer
CY - Boston
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schöniger, Franziska
A1 - Thonig, Richard
A1 - Resch, Gustav
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
T1 - Making the sun shine at night
BT - comparing the cost of dispatchable concentrating solar power and photovoltaics with storage
JF - Energy sources. B, Economics, planning and policy
N2 - Sustainable electricity systems need renewable and dispatchable energy sources. Solar energy is an abundant source of renewable energy globally which is, though, by nature only available during the day, and especially in clear weather conditions. We compare three technology configurations able to provide dispatchable solar power at times without sunshine: Photovoltaics (PV) combined with battery (BESS) or thermal energy storage (TES) and concentrating solar power (CSP) with TES. Modeling different periods without sunshine, we find that PV+BESS is competitive for shorter storage durations while CSP+TES gains economic advantages for longer storage periods (also over PV+TES). The corresponding tipping points lie at 2-3 hours (current cost), and 4-10 hours if expectations on future cost developments are taken into consideration. PV+TES becomes only more competitive than CSP+TES with immense additional cost reductions of PV. Hence, there remain distinct niches for two technologies: PV+BESS for short storage durations and CSP+TES for longer ones.
KW - Concentrating solar power (CSP)
KW - dispatchable renewable electricity
KW - thermal energy storage
KW - photovoltaics
KW - utility-scale batteries
KW - flexibility
KW - energy system modeling
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2020.1843565
SN - 1556-7249
SN - 1556-7257
VL - 16
IS - 1
SP - 55
EP - 74
PB - Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Philadelphia
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Melliger, Marc André
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
T1 - Effects of coordinating support policy changes on renewable power investor choices in Europe
JF - Energy policy : the international journal of the political, economic, planning, environmental and social aspects of energy
N2 - The economic context for renewable power in Europe is shifting: feed-in tariffs are replaced by auctioned premiums as the main support schemes. As renewables approach competitiveness, political pressure mounts to phase out support, whereas some other actors perceive a need for continued fixed-price support. We investigate how the phase-out of support or the reintroduction of feed-in tariffs would affect investors' choices for renewables through a conjoint analysis. In particular, we analyse the impact of coordination - the simultaneousness - of policy changes across countries and technologies. We find that investment choices are not strongly affected if policy changes are coordinated and returns unaffected. However, if policy changes are uncoordinated, investments shift to still supported - less mature and costlier - technologies or countries where support remains or is reintroduced. This shift is particularly strong for large investors and could potentially skew the European power mix towards an over-reliance on a single, less mature technology or specific generation region, resulting in a more expensive power system. If European countries want to change their renewable power support policies, and especially if they phase out support and expose renewables to market competition, it is important that they coordinate their actions.
KW - Policy change
KW - Policy coordination
KW - Renewable energy
KW - Investment
KW - decision
KW - Choice experiment
KW - Adaptive conjoint analysis
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111993
SN - 0301-4215
VL - 148
PB - Elsevier
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yaka, Özge
ED - Mackert, Jürgen
ED - Wolf, Hannah
ED - Turner, Bryan S.
T1 - Migration and democracy
BT - reclaiming democracy from its nativist/nationalist closure 1
JF - The condition of democracy. - Volume 2: Contesting citizenship
N2 - In the last few years, we have been increasingly experiencing a discursive and practical use of the existing democratic structures as an instrument of anti-immigration anxiety and sentiment, from electoral support to right-wing populist parties to anti-immigrant, xenophobic, and/or racist mobilizations in and beyond the Western world. This article argues that the origins and political histories that the concepts of demos and democracy stand on provide a firm ground to resist the attempts at their current nativist/nationalist closure. Contesting the attempts to reduce the concepts of democracy and demos to strictly limited or ethnically defined populations, the article develops a political argument that relates democracy and migration, which have been represented as opposite poles within the current political map defined by the populist surge.
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-0-367-74536-3
SN - 978-1-00-315837-0
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003158370-5
SP - 54
EP - 68
PB - Routledge
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Debre, Maria Josepha
T1 - Clubs of autocrats
BT - regional organizations and authoritarian survival
JF - The review of international organizations
N2 - While scholars have argued that membership in Regional Organizations (ROs) can increase the likelihood of democratization, we see many autocratic regimes surviving in power albeit being members of several ROs. This article argues that this is the case because these regimes are often members in "Clubs of Autocrats" that supply material and ideational resources to strengthen domestic survival politics and shield members from external interference during moments of political turmoil. The argument is supported by survival analysis testing the effect of membership in autocratic ROs on regime survival between 1946 to 2010. It finds that membership in ROs composed of more autocratic member states does in fact raise the likelihood of regime survival by protecting incumbents against democratic challenges such as civil unrest or political dissent. However, autocratic RO membership does not help to prevent regime breakdown due to autocratic challenges like military coups, potentially because these types of threats are less likely to diffuse to other member states. The article thereby adds to our understanding of the limits of democratization and potential reverse effects of international cooperation, and contributes to the literature addressing interdependences of international and domestic politics in autocratic regimes.
KW - regional organizations
KW - authoritarian resilience
KW - democratization
KW - survival analysis
KW - domestic politics
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-021-09428-y
SN - 1559-7431
SN - 1559-744X
VL - 17
IS - 3
SP - 485
EP - 511
PB - Springer
CY - Boston
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stones, Rob
A1 - Turner, Bryan S.
T1 - Successful societies
BT - Decision-making and the quality of attentiveness
JF - The British journal of sociology : BJS online
N2 - Combining moral philosophy with sociological theory to build on themes introduced in Hall and Lamont’s Successful Societies (2009), the paper outlines a distinctive perspective. It holds that a necessary condition of successful societies is that decision-makers base their decisions on a high level of attentiveness (concern and comprehension) towards subjectively valued and morally legitimate forms of life. Late modern societies consist of a plurality of forms of life, each providing grounds for what Alasdair MacIntyre has called internal goods—valued and morally valuable practices. The status of such goods is examined, and distinctions are drawn between their manifest and latent, and transposable and situationally specific, characteristics. We integrate this refined idea of internal goods into a developed conception of habitus that is both morally informed and situationally embedded. The sociological approach of strong structuration theory (SST) is employed to demonstrate how this conception of habitus can guide the critique of decision-making that damages internal goods. We identify the most pervasive and invidious forms of damaging decision-making in contemporary societies as those involving excessive forms of instrumental reasoning. We argue that our developed conception of habitus, anchored in the collectively valued practices of specific worlds, can be a powerful focus for resistance. Accounts of scholarship in higher education and of the white working class in America illustrate the specificities of singular, particular, social worlds and illuminate critical challenges raised by the perspective we advocate.
KW - excessive instrumental reasoning
KW - internal goods
KW - moral philosophy
KW - situationally-specific habitus
KW - strong structuration theory (SST)
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12724
SN - 0007-1315
SN - 1468-4446
VL - 71
IS - 1
SP - 183
EP - 199
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin
T1 - Global-local dynamics in anti-feminist discourses
BT - an analysis of Indian, Russian and US online communities
JF - International affairs
N2 - Women's rights are a core part of a global consensus on human rights. However, we are currently experiencing an increasing popularity of anti-feminist and misogynist politics threatening to override feminist gains. In order to help explain this current revival and appeal, in this article I analyse how anti-feminist communities construct their collective identities at the intersection of local and global trends and affiliations. Through an in-depth analysis of representations in the collective identities of six popular online anti-feminist communities based in India, Russia and the United States, I shed light on how anti-feminists discursively construct their anti-feminist 'self' and the feminist 'other' between narratives of localized resistance to change and backlash against the results of broader societal developments associated with globalization. The results expose a complex set of global-local dynamics, which provide a nuanced understanding of the differences and commonalities of anti-feminist collective identity-building and mobilization processes across contexts. By explicitly focusing on the role of discursively produced locations for anti-feminist identity-building and providing new evidence on anti-feminist communities across three different continents, the article contributes to current discussions on transnational anti-feminist mobilizations in both social movement studies and feminist International Relations.
KW - International Relations Theory
KW - Americas
KW - South Asia
KW - Russia and Eurasia
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaa130
SN - 0020-5850
SN - 1468-2346
VL - 96
IS - 5
SP - 1367
EP - 1385
PB - Oxford University Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bobzien, Licia
A1 - Kalleitner, Fabian
T1 - Attitudes towards European financial solidarity during the Covid-19 pandemic
BT - evidence from a net-contributor country
JF - European societies
N2 - Whilst the Covid-19 pandemic affects all European countries, the ways in which these countries are prepared for the health and subsequent economic crisis varies considerably. Financial solidarity within the European Union (EU) could mitigate some of these inequalities but depends upon the support of the citizens of individual member states for such policies. This paper studies attitudes of the Austrian population - a net-contributor to the European budget - towards financial solidarity using two waves of the Austrian Corona Panel Project collected in May and June 2020. We find that individuals (i) who are less likely to consider the Covid-19 pandemic as a national economic threat, (ii) who believe that Austria benefits from supporting other countries, and (iii) who prefer the crisis to be organized more centrally at EU-level show higher support for European financial solidarity. Using fixed effects models, we further show that perceiving economic threats and preferring central crisis management also explain attitude dynamics within individuals over time. We conclude that cost-benefit perceptions are important determinants for individual support of European financial solidarity during the Covid-19 pandemic.
KW - Covid-19
KW - financial solidarity
KW - European Union
KW - Austria
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2020.1836669
SN - 1461-6696
SN - 1469-8307
VL - 23
IS - Sup. 1
SP - S791
EP - S804
PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fuhr, Harald
T1 - Rezension zu: Geopolitical economy of energy and anvironment : China and the European Union / Hrsg.: Amineh, Mehdi Parvizi ; Yang, Guang. - Leiden: Brill, 2017. - ISBN: 978-90-04-27310-8
JF - Comparative sociology
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341522
SN - 1569-1322
SN - 1569-1330
VL - 19
IS - 1
SP - 151
EP - 153
PB - Brill
CY - Leiden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
A1 - Ollier, Lana
A1 - Labordena Mir, Mercè
A1 - Pfenninger, Stefan
A1 - Thonig, Richard
T1 - The near- to mid-term outlook for concentrating solar power
BT - mostly cloudy, chance of sun
JF - Energy sources. B, Economics, planning and policy
N2 - The history of concentrating solar power (CSP) is characterized by a boom-bust pattern caused by policy support changes. Following the 2014-2016 bust phase, the combination of Chinese support and several low-cost projects triggered a new boom phase. We investigate the near- to mid-term cost, industry, market and policy outlook for the global CSP sector and show that CSP costs have decreased strongly and approach cost-competitiveness with new conventional generation. Industry has been strengthened through the entry of numerous new companies. However, the project pipeline is thin: no project broke ground in 2019 and only four projects are under construction in 2020. The only remaining large support scheme, in China, has been canceled. Without additional support soon creating a new market, the value chain may collapse and recent cost and technological advances may be undone. If policy support is renewed, however, the global CSP sector is prepared for a bright future.
KW - concentrating solar power
KW - technological learning
KW - value chain analysis
KW - energy policy
KW - industry development
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2020.1773580
SN - 1556-7249
SN - 1556-7257
VL - 16
IS - 1
SP - 23
EP - 41
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - London [u.a.]
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Zimmermann, Lucas
T1 - Politikdidaktische Potenziale des Films „Zoomania“ im Politikunterricht
N2 - Hauptanliegen dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es, verschiedene Interpretationsmöglichkeiten des Films „Zoomania“ aufzuzeigen und für dessen politikdidaktische Potenziale im Rahmen eines kompetenzorientierten Politikunterrichts zu sensibilisieren. Außerdem werden allgemeine Aspekte des didaktisch-reflektierten Einsatzes von Spielfilmen im Politikunterricht diskutiert.
Dazu wurde die zum Themenbereich vorhandene fachwissenschaftliche, fach- und mediendidaktische Literatur interdisziplinär aufgearbeitet und der Film „Zoomania“ erstmalig politikdidaktisch analysiert sowie hinsichtlich seiner Eignung für den Unterricht beurteilt.
Das Ergebnis dieses Vorgehens sind die folgenden vier inhaltlichen politikdidaktischen Potenziale, die die exemplarische Bedeutung von „Zoomania“ für ebendiese allgemeinen und potenziell unterrichtsrelevanten Sachverhalte versinnbildlichen: Rassismus, Vorurteile und Toleranz; Macht; Female Empowerment; Neoliberalismus und Promotion neoliberaler Werte.
Insbesondere durch die enthaltenen unterrichtspraktischen Schlussfolgerungen richtet sich diese Arbeit vordergründig an Politiklehrerinnen und -lehrer, die dazu ermuntert werden sollen, „Zoomania“ als motivierendes Unterrichtsmedium zum Erschließen des Politischen zu nutzen. Dies verlangt jedoch auch nach der Lektüre der vorliegenden Thesis, dass der Film vertiefend didaktisch analysiert und daraufhin zielgerichtet eingesetzt wird.
N2 - This bachelor thesis aims to show different ways of interpreting Disney's „Zootopia“ and to raise awareness for its political didactics potentials in the context of a competence-oriented politics class. In addition, general aspects of the didactically reflected use of feature films in political-oriented classes are discussed.
For this purpose, the scientific and didactic literature available on that subject has been processed in an interdisciplinary manner. For the first time, the film „Zootopia” was furthermore analyzed in terms of political didactics and assessed with regard to its suitability for teaching.
The results of this approach are the following four content-related and political didactic potentials: racism, prejudice and tolerance; power; female empowerment; neoliberalism and promotion of neoliberal values. These issues symbolize the exemplary meaning of „Zootopia“ for potentially class relevant circumstances.
So this bachelor thesis mostly aims at political sciences teachers, especially because of the included class practical conclusions. Hopefully, this encourages teachers to use this movie as a motivational source in class for exploring politics und policies.
However, even after reading the present thesis, deepening didactic analysis is important to use „Zootopia“ purposefully.
T2 - Potentials of the film "Zootopia" for political education
KW - Zoomania
KW - Politikdidaktische Potenziale
KW - Rassismus
KW - Postfeminismus
KW - postfeminism
KW - Filmbildung
KW - Medienbildung
KW - Spielfilme im Unterricht
KW - Politische Bildung
KW - Zootopia
KW - Zootropolis
KW - political didactics potentials
KW - feature films in class
KW - Neoliberalismus
KW - neoliberalism
KW - film education
KW - media literacy
KW - racism
KW - political education
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-479295
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Teichert, Conrad
T1 - Bildungssteuerung im System der Fahranfängervorbereitung
BT - Steuerungstheoretische Grundlagen, empirische Befunde und steuerungspraktische Empfehlungen
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-936071-93-1
PB - Degener
CY - Hannover
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wallraf, Wolfram
T1 - Strategische Autonomie Europas
BT - (Wie) Kann das gehen?
JF - WeltTrends das außenpolitische Journal
Y1 - 2020
SN - 0944-8101
VL - 28
IS - 159
SP - 50
EP - 53
PB - WeltTrends
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Tanneberg, Dag
T1 - Conclusion
BT - How steadfast is the iron throne?
T2 - Politics of repression under authoritarian rule
N2 - Does political repression work for authoritarian rule? On the one hand, repression is a hallmark of authoritarian governance. It denotes any action governments take to increase the costs of collective action. Autocrats consciously apply repression to curb popular opposition within their territorial jurisdiction. They repress in order to protect their policies, personnel, or other interests against challenges from below. Repression is, thus, a means to the end of political survival in non-democratic contexts. A useful means lives up to its promises. Does repression do that? This project started on the suspicion that we do not yet know the answer. This concluding chapter recalls the key theoretical ideas developed along the way, highlights the main findings of the book, and concludes with opportunities for future research.
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-030-35477-0
SN - 978-3-030-35476-3
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35477-0_6
SP - 163
EP - 176
PB - Springer
CY - Cham
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ramakrishnan, Anjali
A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1 - Ahmad, Sohail
A1 - Creutzig, Felix
T1 - Keeping up with the Patels
BT - conspicuous consumption drives the adoption of cars and appliances in India
JF - Energy research & social science
N2 - End-users base their consumption decisions not only on available budget and direct use value, but also on their social environment. The underlying social dynamics are particularly important in the case of consumer goods that implicate high future energy demand and are, hence, also key for climate mitigation. This paper investigates the impact of social factors, with a focus on 'status perceptions', on car and appliance ownerships by urban India households. Using two rounds of the household-level data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS, 2005 and 2012), we test for the impact of social factors in addition to economic, demographic, locational, and housing on ownership levels. Starting with factor analysis to categorise appliances by their latent characteristics, we then apply the bivariate ordered probit model to identify drivers of consumption among the urban households. We find that while income and household demographics are predominant drivers of car and appliance uptake, the household's perception of status, instrumented by a variable measuring expenditure on conspicuous consumption, emerges as a key social dimension influencing the uptake. The results indicate how households identify themselves in society influences their corresponding car and appliance consumption. A deeper understanding of status-based consumption is, therefore, essential to designing better demand-side solutions to low carbon consumption.
KW - Residential energy demand
KW - Perceived socioeconomic status
KW - Social
KW - drivers
KW - Energy policy
KW - Car ownership
KW - Appliance diffusion
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101742
SN - 2214-6296
SN - 2214-6326
VL - 70
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - von den Driesch, Ellen
T1 - Unter Verschluss
BT - zur Geschichte des Suizids in der DDR 1952-1990
Y1 - 2020
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Mörl, Susann
T1 - Entwicklung und Erprobung konzeptioneller Grundlagen zur lernförderlichen Gestaltung von Kompetenzrückmeldungen bei der Praktischen Fahrerlaubnisprüfung
T1 - Developing and testing a conceptual framework for a performance feedback as part of a practical driving test
N2 - Die Praktische Fahrerlaubnisprüfung dient der Erfassung und Beurteilung der Fahrkompe-tenz von Fahrerlaubnisbewerbern. Die aus dieser Prüfung gewonnenen Rückschlüsse auf das Niveau der Fahrkompetenz sollen insbesondere auch der Weiterentwicklung des Bewerbers dienen. Bisher erhalten Bewerber nur bei nicht bestandener Praktischer Fahrerlaubnisprü-fung eine Auflistung der wichtigsten Fehler, die zum Nichtbestehen geführt haben. Für ein zielgerichtetes Weiterlernen ist es aber notwendig, dass die Ergebnisse der Leistungserfas-sung und der Leistungsbewertung gemäß prüfungsdidaktischer Grundsätze pädagogisch an-spruchsvoll an alle Fahranfänger (unabhängig vom Prüfungsergebnis) zurückgemeldet wer-den.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht darin, die Gestaltungsgrundlagen und einen Umset-zungsvorschlag für ein kompetenzbezogenes und lernförderliches Rückmeldesystem für die Praktische Fahrerlaubnisprüfung zu erarbeiten. Dieses Rückmeldesystem soll in der Praxis erprobt werden. Darüber hinaus sollen anhand einer Bewerberbefragung zur Nutzerzufrie-denheit Erkenntnisse für die Weiterentwicklung gewonnen werden. Der Entwicklungs- und Erprobungsprozess des optimierten Rückmeldesystems lässt sich in drei Projektphasen auf-teilen:
1. Im Zuge der Optimierungsarbeiten zur Praktischen Fahrerlaubnisprüfung wurde in der ersten Projektphase ein neues Rückmeldesystem erarbeitet, das aus einem kompetenz-bezogenen mündlichen Auswertungsgespräch und einer ergänzenden schriftlichen Rückmeldung einschließlich weiterführender Lernhinweise für alle Bewerber besteht. Dieses Rückmeldesystem soll einerseits die Fahranfänger dabei unterstützen, die Leis-tungsbewertung inhaltlich besser zu verstehen sowie ein zielgerichtetes Weiterlernen ermöglichen. Andererseits soll es die Bewerber dazu motivieren, die festgestellten Kompetenzdefizite weiter zu bearbeiten, und dadurch Lernzuwachs fördern.
2. Das Rückmeldesystem wurde in der zweiten Projektphase in verschiedenen Modell-
regionen Deutschlands anhand von ca. 9.000 realen Praktischen Fahrerlaubnisprüfun-gen erprobt. Die Fahrerlaubnisbewerber, die in den Modellregionen an einer optimier-ten Praktischen Fahrerlaubnisprüfung teilgenommen und somit eine schriftliche Rückmeldung gemäß der optimierten Vorgaben bzw. einen individuellen Zugangscode zum Downloadbereich erhalten haben, wurden zu einer Befragung eingeladen. Dabei wurden vor allem Aspekte der Akzeptanz und der Lernwirksamkeit aus Sicht der Be-werber erfasst. Ziel war es, die Qualität der verkehrspädagogischen Gestaltung des Rückmeldesystems und seinen Nutzen zu untersuchen, um die erprobte Rückmeldung weiterzuentwickeln. Für die Bewerberbefragung wurde eine Onlinebefragung mit ei-nem standardisierten Fragebogen durchgeführt.
3. Die Erprobungs- und Befragungsergebnisse dienten in der dritten Projektphase der Ableitung von Schlussfolgerungen für die Weiterentwicklung des Rückmeldesystems. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse der Felderprobung deuten darauf hin, dass die Bereitstel-lung einer schriftlichen, ausführlichen Rückmeldung zu den Prüfungsleistungen der Praktischen Fahrerlaubnisprüfungen insgesamt als nützlich und gewinnbringend ange-sehen wird. Allerdings wurde auch deutlich, dass bezüglich der Umsetzung noch Op-timierungspotenzial besteht. Im Anschluss an die Erprobung wurde die schriftliche Rückmeldung daher – ausgehend von den Nutzererfahrungen während der Felderpro-bung – umfassend überarbeitet und eine revidierte Version vorgelegt.
Als Ergebnis der Arbeit liegt ein in mehreren Schritten entwickeltes, empirisch fundiertes und erprobtes Rückmeldesystem vor, das eine differenzierte Kompetenzrückmeldung er-möglicht. Die umfassende Rückmeldung bietet künftig einerseits eine verbesserte Ausgangs-lage für eine ggf. anschließende Wiederholungsprüfung und andererseits ist es dem Bewer-ber anhand der aufgezeigten Stärken und Schwächen auch nach einer bestandenen Prüfung möglich, diese Rückmeldung für das weitere Lernen zu nutzen.
N2 - A driving test assess learner’s skills to safely handle a vehicle. By doing the test, learner drivers hope to improve and further develop their skills. Currently, learner drivers only receive feedback regarding their test performance when they are unsuccessful. In such instance, they are given a list of the most major faults committed during the test. However, in order to improve their skills it is vital that learner drivers are given feedback irrespectively of their test outcome.
The author of this thesis aimed to develop a competency-based feedback tool, which supports further learning. A survey was conducted in order to ascertain user-friendliness of the tool, as well as identifying potential areas of improvement. In addition, the process by which the tool should be implemented in praxis was examined. The feedback-tool was developed and tested in three stages:
1. As part of developing the Optimized Driving Test, a new feedback tool was generated, consisting of a competency-based oral interview and a complementary written feedback, which also includes recommendations for further learning. The feedback tool is firstly supposed to help learner drivers in their continued learning and understanding of how their driving skills were assessed during the test. Secondly, learner drivers are supposed to be motivated in addressing identified deficits regarding their driving competencies.
2. In a second stage, the validity of the feedback tool was comprehensively tested during 9000 driving tests. Learner drivers who participated in the Optimized Driving Test in the test regions and had therefore obtained an individualized access code for the reply system as well as for downloads were invited to take part in a standardized survey. Learner drivers where asked about their acceptance of the feedback tool and the tool’s learning effectiveness. This was to ascertain information about the quality and design of the tool and to identify potential areas in need of improvement and further development. The participating examiners were asked if learner drivers had accepted the feedback tool and how they had assessed its quality and usefulness.
3. The results of the evaluation were used in the third stage to assess how the feedback-tool could be enhanced and improved. Findings of this thesis suggest that, when given an extensive written feedback, learner drivers gain a better understanding of their test performance. However, it also became clear that the implementation of the tool can be optimized. Thus, the tool has since then been further modified.
As a result of this thesis, an empirically tested feedback tool has been developed which allows for a differentiated assessment of a learner driver’s performance during a driving test. The comprehensive feedback provides learner drivers with an improved starting point when having to resit a test. Furthermore, after passing their test, learner drivers can continually use the feedback, which outlines strengths and weaknesses, for their further learning.
KW - Fahrkompetenz
KW - Leistungsrückmeldung
KW - praktische Fahrerlaubnisprüfung
KW - driving competence
KW - performance feedback
KW - practical driving
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468543
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tröndle, Tim
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
A1 - Marelli, Stefano
A1 - Pfenninger, Stefan
T1 - Trade-offs between geographic scale, cost, and infrastructure requirements for fully renewable electricity in Europe
JF - Joule
N2 - The European potential for renewable electricity is sufficient to enable fully renewable supply on different scales, from self-sufficient, subnational regions to an interconnected continent. We not only show that a continental-scale system is the cheapest, but also that systems on the national scale and below are possible at cost penalties of 20% or less. Transmission is key to low cost, but it is not necessary to vastly expand the transmission system. When electricity is transmitted only to balance fluctuations, the transmission grid size is comparable to today's, albeit with expanded cross-border capacities. The largest differences across scales concern land use and thus social acceptance: in the continental system, generation capacity is concentrated on the European periphery, where the best resources are. Regional systems, in contrast, have more dispersed generation. The key trade-off is therefore not between geographic scale and cost, but between scale and the spatial distribution of required generation and transmission infrastructure.
KW - energy decarbonization
KW - self-sufficiency
KW - cooperation
KW - trade
KW - transmission
KW - regional equity
KW - land use
KW - acceptance
KW - flexibility
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.07.018
SN - 2542-4351
VL - 4
IS - 9
SP - 1929
EP - 1948
PB - Cell Press
CY - Cambridge , Mass.
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Tröndle, Tim
A1 - Lilliestam, Johan
A1 - Marelli, Stefano
A1 - Pfenninger, Stefan
T1 - Trade-offs between geographic scale, cost, and infrastructure requirements for fully renewable electricity in Europe
T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - The European potential for renewable electricity is sufficient to enable fully renewable supply on different scales, from self-sufficient, subnational regions to an interconnected continent. We not only show that a continental-scale system is the cheapest, but also that systems on the national scale and below are possible at cost penalties of 20% or less. Transmission is key to low cost, but it is not necessary to vastly expand the transmission system. When electricity is transmitted only to balance fluctuations, the transmission grid size is comparable to today's, albeit with expanded cross-border capacities. The largest differences across scales concern land use and thus social acceptance: in the continental system, generation capacity is concentrated on the European periphery, where the best resources are. Regional systems, in contrast, have more dispersed generation. The key trade-off is therefore not between geographic scale and cost, but between scale and the spatial distribution of required generation and transmission infrastructure.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 146
KW - levelized cost
KW - energy-system
KW - power-system
KW - storage
KW - wind
KW - reanalysis
KW - decarbonization
KW - transmission
KW - integration
KW - deployment
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-539611
IS - 9
SP - 1929
EP - 1948
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kohler, Ulrich
T1 - Survey Research Methods during the COVID-19 Crisis
JF - Survey research methods
KW - COVID-19
KW - Survey Research Methods
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2020.v14i2.7769
SN - 1864-3361
VL - 14
IS - 2
SP - 93
EP - 94
PB - European Survey Research Association
CY - Konstanz
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sælen, Håkon
A1 - Hovi, Jon
A1 - Sprinz, Detlef F.
A1 - Underdal, Arild
T1 - How US withdrawal might influence cooperation under the Paris climate agreement
JF - Environmental science & policy
N2 - Using a novel agent-based model, we study how US withdrawal might influence the political process established by the Paris Agreement, and hence the prospects for reaching the collective goal to limit warming below 2 degrees C. Our model enables us to analyze to what extent reaching this goal despite US withdrawal would place more stringent requirements on other core elements of the Paris cooperation process. We find, first, that the effect of a US withdrawal depends critically on the extent to which member countries reciprocate others' promises and contributions. Second, while the 2 degrees C goal will likely be reached only under a very small set of conditions in any event, even temporary US withdrawal will further narrow this set significantly. Reaching this goal will then require other countries to step up their ambition at the first opportunity and to comply nearly 100% with their pledges, while maintaining high confidence in the Paris Agreements institutions. Third, although a US withdrawal will first primarily affect the United States' own emissions, it will eventually prove even more detrimental to other countries' emissions.
KW - climate change
KW - Paris agreement
KW - President Trump
KW - 2 degrees C target
KW - agent-based modeling
KW - reciprocity
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.03.011
SN - 1462-9011
SN - 1873-6416
VL - 108
SP - 121
EP - 132
PB - Elsevier
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Lederer, Markus
A1 - Höhne, Chris
A1 - Stehle, Fee
A1 - Hickmann, Thomas
A1 - Fuhr, Harald
ED - Wurzel, Rüdiger K. W.
ED - Andersen, Mikael Skou
ED - Tobin, Paul
T1 - Multilevel climate governance in Brazil and Indonesia
BT - domestic pioneership and leadership in the Global South
T2 - Climate governance across the globe : Pioneers, leaders and followers
N2 - Focusing on forest policy and urban climate politics in Brazil and Indonesia, the primary objective of this chapter is to identify domestic pioneers and leaders who, compared to other sectors, governmental levels or jurisdictions within the same nation-state, move ‘ahead of the troops’ (Liefferink and Wurzel, 2017: 2-3). The chapter focuses especially on the role of multilevel governance in bringing about pioneership and leadership and on the different types of that have emerged. It also explores whether and, if so, to what extent domestic pioneers and leaders attract followers and whether there are signs of sustained domestic leadership. The chapter identifies the actors that constitute pioneers and leaders and assesses the processes which lead to their emergence. The chapter authors take up Wurzel et al.’s (2019) call to open up the black box of the nation-state. But instead of stressing the role of non-state actors, the chapter authors focus on vertical interactions among different governmental levels within nation states. The main argument put forward is that international and transnational processes, incentives, and ideas often trigger the development of domestic pioneership and leadership. Such processes, however, cannot be understood properly if domestic politics and dynamics across governmental levels within the nation-state are not taken into account.
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-1-003-01424-9
SN - 978-0-367-65047-6
SN - 978-0-367-43436-6
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003014249
SP - 101
EP - 119
PB - Routledge
CY - Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - „Aber gehn Sie ins Theater, ich rat es Ihnen!“
BT - das Theater als außerschulischer politischer Lernort
JF - Politisches Lernen
N2 - In der Ausgabe Politisches Lernen 1-2|2019 setzte sich Kurt P. Tudyka mit dem Verhältnis von Theater und Politik auseinander. Er gelangte zu dem ernüchternden Resümee: „Der Anspruch, Theater sei die Schule der Nation, – soweit er überhaupt noch besteht –, müsste aufgegeben werden.“ (S. 32) In Tudykas Einführung hieß es bereits: „Eine politisierende Wirkung auf das Publikum wird bestritten.“ (S. 30) Vor diesem Hintergrund könnte bei Lehrerinnen und Lehrern der Politischen Bildung der Eindruck entstehen, ein Besuch im Theater mit Schülerinnen und Schülern sei didaktisch nicht sinnvoll. Dagegen wird im folgenden Beitrag die Auffassung vertreten, dass ein Theaterbesuch mit den Lernenden durchaus mit Erkenntnisgewinnen, seien sie politisch oder über das Politische hinausweisend, verbunden sein kann. Der Beitrag stellt eine gekürzte Fassung des Textes „Theater und politische Bildung“ dar, der in Markus Gloe / Tonio Oeftering (Hrsg.): Politische Bildung meets Kulturelle Bildung, Baden-Baden (Nomos) 2020, erscheinen wird.
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://www.budrich-journals.de/index.php/pl/article/view/38713/32951
SN - 0937-2946
SN - 2750-1965
VL - 38
IS - 1+2
SP - 32
EP - 35
PB - Barbara Budrich
CY - Leverkusen-Opladen
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Ceballos, Juan Camilo
T1 - The effect of political finance on corruption risk in Colombia
BT - the unintended trade-offs of paying for democracy?
N2 - Conventional wisdom holds that large sums of money poured into election campaigns are the gateway to corruption. Allegations of the corrupting influence of money in politics and policy are widespread on the national level. Yet, little empirical evidence has advanced the understanding of such a link on the local level, coupled with blurred corruption measures. This master’s thesis tests the effect of campaign finance on public procurement corruption risks in Colombian municipalities, focusing on donations, small donations, and financial disclosure. To that end, I seized publicly disclosed contribution-level data from the 2015 municipal elections and a novel index of institutionalized public procurement corruption risks based upon contract-level data from the near population of local governments. The analysis shows that donations are negatively associated with overall corruption risk, yet they affect specific corruption risks differently. By contrast, small donations seem to correlate positively with direct awarding for a sub-sample of medium-sized municipalities, whereas in their large-sized counterparts the effect of the former on institutionalized corruption is adverse. Finally, financial misreporting is positively linked with market competition restrictions and direct awarding. In the conclusion, I discuss the implications of these findings for future research and outline a series of policy recommendations.
N2 - Eine herkömmliche Weisheit besagt, dass große Geldsummen, die in den Wahlkampf fließen, das Tor zur Korruption sind. Der Vorwurf des korrumpierenden Einflusses von Geld auf die Politik ist auf nationaler Ebene weit verbreitet. Es gibt jedoch nur wenige empirische Beweise, die das Verständnis einer solchen Verbindung auf lokaler Ebene mit verschwommenen Korruptionsmaßnahmen untersuchen. In dieser Masterarbeit teste ich die Auswirkungen der Wahlkampffinanzierung auf die Korruptionsrisiken im öffentlichen Beschaffungswesen in kolumbianischen Gemeinden, wobei ich mich auf Spenden, Kleinspenden und die finanzielle Offenlegung konzentriere. Zu diesem Zweck nutze ich öffentliche Daten zur Spendenhöhe aus den Kommunalwahlen von 2015 und einen neuartigen Index der Korruptionsrisiken im öffentlichen Beschaffungswesen misst. Letzteres basiert auf Daten der Vertragsebene auf der Ebene der Kommunalverwaltungen. Die Analyse zeigt, dass Spenden negativ mit dem allgemeinen Korruptionsrisiko verbunden sind. Darüber hinaus wirken sie sich jedoch auf spezifische Korruptionsrisiken unterschiedlich aus. Im Gegensatz dazu scheinen kleine Spenden für eine Teilstichprobe mittelgroßer Kommunen positiv mit der Direktvergabe zu korrelieren, während der Effekt bei großen Kommunen auf die Korruption negativ ist. Schließlich ist die finanzielle Nicht-Offenlegung positiv mit Marktwettbewerbsbeschränkungen und Direktvergabe korreliert. In der Schlussfolgerung diskutiere ich die Auswirkungen dieser Ergebnisse auf die zukünftige Forschung und skizziere eine Reihe von politischen Empfehlungen.
T2 - Die Auswirkungen der Wahlkampffinanzierung auf die Korruptionsrisiken im öffentlichen Beschaffungswesen in Kolumbien
KW - Corruption risks
KW - Mayoralty
KW - Colombia
KW - Campaign finance
KW - Procurement
KW - Korruptionsrisiken
KW - Wahlkampffinanzierung
KW - Gemeindem
KW - Kolumbien
KW - Beschaffungswesen
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-487586
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - 1960er: Aufwind für die Politische Bildung
BT - zwischen Affirmation und Kritik
JF - Geschichte der politischen Bildung
N2 - Zur Jahreswende 1959/60 sorgten Hakenkreuzschmierereien an jüdischen Einrichtungen in Köln und anderswo für Entsetzen und Empörung. Diese Vorkommnisse machten bewusst, was im Verlauf der 1960er Jahre zu einem Politikum für die jüngere Generation werden sollte: Die mangelnde Aufarbeitung der nationalsozialistischen Vergangenheit. Diese Thematik sowie der von den USA in Vietnam geführte Krieg stellten mobilisierende Faktoren für die Herausbildung einer außerparlamentarischen Opposition (APO) in der Bundesrepublik dar, die sich in der zweiten Hälfte der 1960er Jahre verbreitert. Prof. Ingo Juchler beschreibt den Weg der Politischen Bildung durch die 60er Jahre und die Entwicklung hin zur sog. „didaktischen Wende“.
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://profession-politischebildung.de/grundlagen/geschichte/affirmation-kritik/
PB - Bundesausschuss Politische Bildung (bap) e.V.
CY - Bonn
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
T1 - Zur Mensch-Tier-Beziehung in der politischen Bildung
JF - Wie geht gute politische Bildung?
N2 - Eigentlich leben wir heute im Holozän, dem Erdzeitalter, das mit dem Ende der letzten großen Eiszeit vor etwa 12.000 Jahren seinen Ausgang nahm. Doch seit geraumer Zeit ist in Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit die Rede vom Anthropozän als der vom Menschen bestimmten gegenwärtigen Epoche. Mit der Begriffsschöpfung soll der gravierende Einfluss des Menschen auf die Umwelt zum Ausdruck gebracht werden, der sich nicht zuletzt in der Versauerung der Meere, im Artensterben und Klimawandel äußert. Doch wie spiegelt sich diese Erkenntnis in der Politischen Bildung wider?
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://profession-politischebildung.de/grundlagen/bildungsbereiche/mensch-tier/
PB - Bundesausschuss Politische Bildung (bap) e.V.
CY - Bonn
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
ED - Gloe, Markus
ED - Oeftering, Tonio
T1 - Theater und politische Bildung
T2 - Politische Bildung meets kulturelle Bildung
N2 - Wie ästhetische Bildung, vom Theater ausgehend, zusammen mit politischer Bildung realisiert werden kann, wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt. Politiklehrer_innen bekommen einen Einblick in die didaktische Bedeutung und den Gewinn für Schüler_innen durch den außerschulischen Lernort des Theaters. Am Beispiel des antiken Schauspiels wird die Bedeutung des Theaters für politische, genauer demokratische Bildung aufgezeigt, indem dargelegt wird, wie sie die Handlungskompetenz, den Perspektivwechsel sowie die Urteilsfähigkeit einzelner positiv beeinflusst. Da diese Kompetenzen heute länderübergreifend in den Curricula festgeschrieben sind, bietet es sich an, das Theater in den Unterricht miteinzubinden. Im letzten Absatz dieses Beitrags liefert der Autor ein Beispiel für den Unterricht anhand des Schauspiels „Der Volksfeind“ von Henrik Ibsen, mithilfe dessen Politiklehrer_innen das Theater in ihren Unterricht integrieren können.
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-8487-5484-7
SN - 978-3-8452-9670-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845296708-59
SP - 59
EP - 74
PB - Nomos
CY - Baden-Baden
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Juchler, Ingo
ED - Oeftering, Tonio
ED - Meints-Stender, Waltraud
ED - Lange, Dirk
T1 - Politische Urteilsbildung
BT - Hannah Arendts Überlegungen als archimedischer Punkt für die Politikdidaktik
T2 - Hannah Arendt : Lektüren zur politischen Bildung
N2 - Die Fähigkeit zum politischen Urteilen gilt als das übergeordnete Ziel politischer Bildungsbemühungen. Epistemologisch nimmt das Theorem der politischen Urteilsbildung seinen Ausgang in der Epoche der Aufklärung. Immanuel Kants Ausführungen über den Zusammenhang von Aufklärung und Mündigkeit in seiner Schrift Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung? bietet eine programmatische Vorlage für die weitere Auseinandersetzung mit Mündigkeit und politischer Urteilsbildung. Der Königsberger Philosoph erklärte hierin eingangs: „Aufklärung ist der Ausgang des Menschen aus seiner selbst verschuldeten Unmündigkeit. Unmündigkeit ist das Unvermögen, sich seines Verstandes ohne Leitung eines anderen zu bedienen. Selbstverschuldet ist diese Unmündigkeit, wenn die Ursache derselben nicht am Mangel des Verstandes, sondern der Entschließung und des Mutes liegt, sich seiner ohne Leitung eines andern zu bedienen. Sapere aude! Habe Mut, dich deines eigenen Verstandes zu bedienen! ist also der Wahlspruch der Aufklärung.“
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-658-30675-5
SN - 978-3-658-30676-2
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30676-2_3
SP - 41
EP - 58
PB - Springer VS
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -