TY  - GEN
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Sittichai, Ruthaychonnee
A1  - Singh, Ritu
A1  - Biswal, Ramakrishna
A1  - Kim, Eun-mee
A1  - Yang, Soeun
A1  - Gámez-Guadix, Manuel
A1  - Almendros, Carmen
A1  - Flora, Katerina
A1  - Daskalou, Vassiliki
A1  - Maziridou, Evdoxia
T1  - Associations between Witnessing and Perpetrating Online Hate in Eight Countries
BT  - The Buffering Effects of Problem-Focused Coping
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Online hate is a topic that has received considerable interest lately, as online hate represents a risk to self-determination and peaceful coexistence in societies around the globe. However, not much is known about the explanations for adolescents posting or forwarding hateful online material or how adolescents cope with this newly emerging online risk. Thus, we sought to better understand the relationship between a bystander to and perpetrator of online hate, and the moderating effects of problem-focused coping strategies (e.g., assertive, technical coping) within this relationship. Self-report questionnaires on witnessing and committing online hate and assertive and technical coping were completed by 6829 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age from eight countries. The results showed that increases in witnessing online hate were positively related to being a perpetrator of online hate. Assertive and technical coping strategies were negatively related with perpetrating online hate. Bystanders of online hate reported fewer instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported higher levels of assertive and technical coping strategies, and more frequent instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported lower levels of assertive and technical coping strategies. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, if effective, prevention and intervention programs that target online hate should consider educating young people about problem-focused coping strategies, self-assertiveness, and media skills. Implications for future research are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 592 
KW  - online hate
KW  - hate speech
KW  - bystander
KW  - perpetrator
KW  - coping strategies
KW  - cyber aggression
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-442294
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 592
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Sittichai, Ruthaychonnee
A1  - Singh, Ritu
A1  - Biswal, Ramakrishna
A1  - Kim, Eun-mee
A1  - Yang, Soeun
A1  - Gámez-Guadix, Manuel
A1  - Almendros, Carmen
A1  - Flora, Katerina
A1  - Daskalou, Vassiliki
A1  - Maziridou, Evdoxia
T1  - Associations between Witnessing and Perpetrating Online Hate in Eight Countries
BT  - The Buffering Effects of Problem-Focused Coping
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
N2  - Online hate is a topic that has received considerable interest lately, as online hate represents a risk to self-determination and peaceful coexistence in societies around the globe. However, not much is known about the explanations for adolescents posting or forwarding hateful online material or how adolescents cope with this newly emerging online risk. Thus, we sought to better understand the relationship between a bystander to and perpetrator of online hate, and the moderating effects of problem-focused coping strategies (e.g., assertive, technical coping) within this relationship. Self-report questionnaires on witnessing and committing online hate and assertive and technical coping were completed by 6829 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age from eight countries. The results showed that increases in witnessing online hate were positively related to being a perpetrator of online hate. Assertive and technical coping strategies were negatively related with perpetrating online hate. Bystanders of online hate reported fewer instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported higher levels of assertive and technical coping strategies, and more frequent instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported lower levels of assertive and technical coping strategies. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, if effective, prevention and intervention programs that target online hate should consider educating young people about problem-focused coping strategies, self-assertiveness, and media skills. Implications for future research are discussed.
KW  - online hate
KW  - hate speech
KW  - bystander
KW  - perpetrator
KW  - coping strategies
KW  - cyber aggression
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203992
SN  - 1660-4601
SN  - 1661-7827
VL  - 16
IS  - 20
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -