TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
T1  - Problematic online gaming, subjective health complaints, and depression among adolescent gamers from the United States
BT  - the role of console-gaming aggression
JF  - Journal of children and media
N2  - The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between problematic online gaming and subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms, and the moderation of console-gaming aggression (i.e. verbal aggression, camping, trolling) in this relationship. Participants were 202 adolescents (86% boys; M age = 12.99 years) in the 7(th) or 8(th) grade who played first-person shooter games. They completed questionnaires on problematic online gaming, console-gaming aggression, subjective health complaints, and depressive symptoms. Six months later (Time 2), they completed questionnaires on subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms again. Findings revealed that problematic online gaming and console-gaming aggression were positive predictors of Time 2 subjective health complaints and depressive symptoms, while controlling for Time 1 levels and gender. Moderating effects were found as well, indicating that high levels of console-gaming aggression increased the positive relationship between problematic online gaming and depressive symptoms. These effects were also replicated for verbal aggression, problematic online gaming, and subjective health complaints. These findings suggest the importance of considering the implications of console-gaming aggression and problematic online gaming for the physical and mental health of adolescents. 

IMPACT SUMMARY
Prior State of Knowledge. Problematic online gaming and aggressive behaviors are linked to negative outcomes, including depression and subjective health complaints. Longitudinal research further supports this connection for depression, but not for subjective health complaints or various types of aggression via console games. 

Novel Contributions. Few studies have focused on various types of aggression and the longitudinal associations among problematic online gaming, depression, and subjective health complaints, while controlling for previous levels of depression and subjective health complaints. The present research addresses these gaps.

Practical Implications. Findings of the present research has implications for clinicians and researchers concerned with identifying adolescents who might be at risk for negative outcomes.
KW  - Depression
KW  - subjective health complaints
KW  - problematic online gaming
KW  - first-person shooter games
KW  - aggression
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2036211
SN  - 1748-2798
SN  - 1748-2801
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
SP  - 451
EP  - 460
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
A1  - Harper, Bridgette D.
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
T1  - Differences in Adolescents’ Response Decision and Evaluation for
Face-to-Face and Cyber Victimization
JF  - The Journal of Early Adolescence
N2  - The current study was designed to assess early adolescents’ response evaluation and decision for hypothetical peer victimization vignettes. Participants were 336 (59% girls; X¯¯¯ age = 12.55) seventh and eighth graders from one school in the Midwestern United States. Adolescents read a hypothetical online or offline social situation and answered questions designed to access internal congruence, response evaluation, response efficacy, emotional outcome expectancy, and social outcome expectancy. Girls were more likely to believe that aggressive responses online and offline would lead to positive social and emotional outcome expectancies when compared with boys. Adolescents were more likely to believe that offline and online aggressive responses were legitimate responses to face-to-face victimization, feel that aggressive responses online or offline were easier to execute in response to face-to-face victimization, and that aggressive responses online or offline would lead to positive emotions and better social outcomes.
KW  - response decision
KW  - response evaluation
KW  - cyber aggression
KW  - cyberbullying
KW  - aggression
KW  - bullying
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618806052
SN  - 0272-4316
SN  - 1552-5449
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
SP  - 1110
EP  - 1128
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  -