TY - JOUR A1 - Bütow, Sascha T1 - Vielheit statt Einheit BT - Nachbarschaften in historischen Stadtkernen von Beeskow JF - Tür an Tür und Haus an Haus Nachbarschaften in der historischen Stadt Themenbuch 2014 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-00-047888-8 SP - 54 EP - 57 PB - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Städte mit historischen Stadkernen des Landes Brandenburg CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuntzsch, Christian T1 - Visualization of data transfer paths JF - Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - A workflow for visualizing server connections using the Google Maps API was built in the jABC. It makes use of three basic services: An XML-based IP address geolocation web service, a command line tool and the Static Maps API. The result of the workflow is an URL leading to an image file of a map, showing server connections between a client and a target host. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 140 EP - 148 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Trümper, Jonas T1 - Visualization techniques for the analysis of software behavior and related structures T1 - Visualisierungstechniken für die Analyse von Softwareverhalten und verwandter Strukturen N2 - Software maintenance encompasses any changes made to a software system after its initial deployment and is thereby one of the key phases in the typical software-engineering lifecycle. In software maintenance, we primarily need to understand structural and behavioral aspects, which are difficult to obtain, e.g., by code reading. Software analysis is therefore a vital tool for maintaining these systems: It provides - the preferably automated - means to extract and evaluate information from their artifacts such as software structure, runtime behavior, and related processes. However, such analysis typically results in massive raw data, so that even experienced engineers face difficulties directly examining, assessing, and understanding these data. Among other things, they require tools with which to explore the data if no clear question can be formulated beforehand. For this, software analysis and visualization provide its users with powerful interactive means. These enable the automation of tasks and, particularly, the acquisition of valuable and actionable insights into the raw data. For instance, one means for exploring runtime behavior is trace visualization. This thesis aims at extending and improving the tool set for visual software analysis by concentrating on several open challenges in the fields of dynamic and static analysis of software systems. This work develops a series of concepts and tools for the exploratory visualization of the respective data to support users in finding and retrieving information on the system artifacts concerned. This is a difficult task, due to the lack of appropriate visualization metaphors; in particular, the visualization of complex runtime behavior poses various questions and challenges of both a technical and conceptual nature. This work focuses on a set of visualization techniques for visually representing control-flow related aspects of software traces from shared-memory software systems: A trace-visualization concept based on icicle plots aids in understanding both single-threaded as well as multi-threaded runtime behavior on the function level. The concept’s extensibility further allows the visualization and analysis of specific aspects of multi-threading such as synchronization, the correlation of such traces with data from static software analysis, and a comparison between traces. Moreover, complementary techniques for simultaneously analyzing system structures and the evolution of related attributes are proposed. These aim at facilitating long-term planning of software architecture and supporting management decisions in software projects by extensions to the circular-bundle-view technique: An extension to 3-dimensional space allows for the use of additional variables simultaneously; interaction techniques allow for the modification of structures in a visual manner. The concepts and techniques presented here are generic and, as such, can be applied beyond software analysis for the visualization of similarly structured data. The techniques' practicability is demonstrated by several qualitative studies using subject data from industry-scale software systems. The studies provide initial evidence that the techniques' application yields useful insights into the subject data and its interrelationships in several scenarios. N2 - Die Softwarewartung umfasst alle Änderungen an einem Softwaresystem nach dessen initialer Bereitstellung und stellt damit eine der wesentlichen Phasen im typischen Softwarelebenszyklus dar. In der Softwarewartung müssen wir insbesondere strukturelle und verhaltensbezogene Aspekte verstehen, welche z.B. alleine durch Lesen von Quelltext schwer herzuleiten sind. Die Softwareanalyse ist daher ein unverzichtbares Werkzeug zur Wartung solcher Systeme: Sie bietet - vorzugsweise automatisierte - Mittel, um Informationen über deren Artefakte, wie Softwarestruktur, Laufzeitverhalten und verwandte Prozesse, zu extrahieren und zu evaluieren. Eine solche Analyse resultiert jedoch typischerweise in großen und größten Rohdaten, die selbst erfahrene Softwareingenieure direkt nur schwer untersuchen, bewerten und verstehen können. Unter Anderem dann, wenn vorab keine klare Frage formulierbar ist, benötigen sie Werkzeuge, um diese Daten zu erforschen. Hierfür bietet die Softwareanalyse und Visualisierung ihren Nutzern leistungsstarke, interaktive Mittel. Diese ermöglichen es Aufgaben zu automatisieren und insbesondere wertvolle und belastbare Einsichten aus den Rohdaten zu erlangen. Beispielsweise ist die Visualisierung von Software-Traces ein Mittel, um das Laufzeitverhalten eines Systems zu ergründen. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, den "Werkzeugkasten" der visuellen Softwareanalyse zu erweitern und zu verbessern, indem sie sich auf bestimmte, offene Herausforderungen in den Bereichen der dynamischen und statischen Analyse von Softwaresystemen konzentriert. Die Arbeit entwickelt eine Reihe von Konzepten und Werkzeugen für die explorative Visualisierung der entsprechenden Daten, um Nutzer darin zu unterstützen, Informationen über betroffene Systemartefakte zu lokalisieren und zu verstehen. Da es insbesondere an geeigneten Visualisierungsmetaphern mangelt, ist dies eine schwierige Aufgabe. Es bestehen, insbesondere bei komplexen Softwaresystemen, verschiedenste offene technische sowie konzeptionelle Fragestellungen und Herausforderungen. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf Techniken zur visuellen Darstellung kontrollflussbezogener Aspekte aus Software-Traces von Shared-Memory Softwaresystemen: Ein Trace-Visualisierungskonzept, basierend auf Icicle Plots, unterstützt das Verstehen von single- und multi-threaded Laufzeitverhalten auf Funktionsebene. Die Erweiterbarkeit des Konzepts ermöglicht es zudem spezifische Aspekte des Multi-Threading, wie Synchronisation, zu visualisieren und zu analysieren, derartige Traces mit Daten aus der statischen Softwareanalyse zu korrelieren sowie Traces mit einander zu vergleichen. Darüber hinaus werden komplementäre Techniken für die kombinierte Analyse von Systemstrukturen und der Evolution zugehöriger Eigenschaften vorgestellt. Diese zielen darauf ab, die Langzeitplanung von Softwarearchitekturen und Management-Entscheidungen in Softwareprojekten mittels Erweiterungen an der Circular-Bundle-View-Technik zu unterstützen: Eine Erweiterung auf den 3-dimensionalen Raum ermöglicht es zusätzliche visuelle Variablen zu nutzen; Strukturen können mithilfe von Interaktionstechniken visuell bearbeitet werden. Die gezeigten Techniken und Konzepte sind allgemein verwendbar und lassen sich daher auch jenseits der Softwareanalyse einsetzen, um ähnlich strukturierte Daten zu visualisieren. Mehrere qualitative Studien an Softwaresystemen in industriellem Maßstab stellen die Praktikabilität der Techniken dar. Die Ergebnisse sind erste Belege dafür, dass die Anwendung der Techniken in verschiedenen Szenarien nützliche Einsichten in die untersuchten Daten und deren Zusammenhänge liefert. KW - Visualisierung KW - Softwarewartung KW - Softwareanalyse KW - Softwarevisualisierung KW - Laufzeitverhalten KW - visualization KW - software maintenance KW - software analysis KW - software visualization KW - runtime behavior Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72145 ER - TY - THES A1 - Schmiedchen, Bettina T1 - Vitamin D and its linkage between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular integrity Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westphal, Florian A1 - Axelsson, Stefan A1 - Neuhaus, Christian A1 - Polze, Andreas T1 - VMI-PL: A monitoring language for virtual platforms using virtual machine introspection JF - Digital Investigation : the international journal of digital forensics & incident response N2 - With the growth of virtualization and cloud computing, more and more forensic investigations rely on being able to perform live forensics on a virtual machine using virtual machine introspection (VMI). Inspecting a virtual machine through its hypervisor enables investigation without risking contamination of the evidence, crashing the computer, etc. To further access to these techniques for the investigator/researcher we have developed a new VMI monitoring language. This language is based on a review of the most commonly used VMI-techniques to date, and it enables the user to monitor the virtual machine's memory, events and data streams. A prototype implementation of our monitoring system was implemented in KVM, though implementation on any hypervisor that uses the common x86 virtualization hardware assistance support should be straightforward. Our prototype outperforms the proprietary VMWare VProbes in many cases, with a maximum performance loss of 18% for a realistic test case, which we consider acceptable. Our implementation is freely available under a liberal software distribution license. (C) 2014 Digital Forensics Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Virtualization KW - Security KW - Monitoring language KW - Live forensics KW - Introspection KW - Classification Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diin.2014.05.016 SN - 1742-2876 SN - 1873-202X VL - 11 SP - S85 EP - S94 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tenenboim, Hezi A1 - Smirnova, Julia A1 - Willmitzer, Lothar A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Brotman, Yariv T1 - VMP1-deficient Chlamydomonas exhibits severely aberrant cell morphology and disrupted cytokinesies JF - BMC plant biology N2 - Background: The versatile Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 (VMP1) has been previously investigated in six species. It has been shown to be essential in macroautophagy, where it takes part in autophagy initiation. In addition, VMP1 has been implicated in organellar biogenesis; endo-, exo- and phagocytosis, and protein secretion; apoptosis; and cell adhesion. These roles underly its proven involvement in pancreatitis, diabetes and cancer in humans. Results: In this study we analyzed a VMP1 homologue from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. CrVMP1 knockdown lines showed severe phenotypes, mainly affecting cell division as well as the morphology of cells and organelles. We also provide several pieces of evidence for its involvement in macroautophagy. KW - VMP1 KW - Autophagy KW - Cytokinesis Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-14-121 SN - 1471-2229 VL - 14 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Freundt, A. A1 - Grevemeyer, I. A1 - Rabbel, W. A1 - Hansteen, T. H. A1 - Hensen, C. A1 - Wehrmann, H. A1 - Kutterolf, S. A1 - Halama, Ralf A1 - Frische, M. T1 - Volatile (H2O, CO2, Cl, S) budget of the Central American subduction zone JF - International journal of earth sciences N2 - After more than a decade of multidisciplinary studies of the Central American subduction zone mainly in the framework of two large research programmes, the US MARGINS program and the German Collaborative Research Center SFB 574, we here review and interpret the data pertinent to quantify the cycling of mineral-bound volatiles (H2O, CO2, Cl, S) through this subduction system. For input-flux calculations, we divide the Middle America Trench into four segments differing in convergence rate and slab lithological profiles, use the latest evidence for mantle serpentinization of the Cocos slab approaching the trench, and for the first time explicitly include subduction erosion of forearc basement. Resulting input fluxes are 40-62 (53) Tg/Ma/m H2O, 7.8-11.4 (9.3) Tg/Ma/m CO2, 1.3-1.9 (1.6) Tg/Ma/m Cl, and 1.3-2.1 (1.6) Tg/Ma/m S (bracketed are mean values for entire trench length). Output by cold seeps on the forearc amounts to 0.625-1.25 Tg/Ma/m H2O partly derived from the slab sediments as determined by geochemical analyses of fluids and carbonates. The major volatile output occurs at the Central American volcanic arc that is divided into ten arc segments by dextral strike-slip tectonics. Based on volcanic edifice and widespread tephra volumes as well as calculated parental magma masses needed to form observed evolved compositions, we determine long-term (10(5) years) average magma and K2O fluxes for each of the ten segments as 32-242 (106) Tg/Ma/m magma and 0.28-2.91 (1.38) Tg/Ma/m K2O (bracketed are mean values for entire Central American volcanic arc length). Volatile/K2O concentration ratios derived from melt inclusion analyses and petrologic modelling then allow to calculate volatile fluxes as 1.02-14.3 (6.2) Tg/Ma/m H2O, 0.02-0.45 (0.17) Tg/Ma/m CO2, and 0.07-0.34 (0.22) Tg/Ma/m Cl. The same approach yields long-term sulfur fluxes of 0.12-1.08 (0.54) Tg/Ma/m while present-day open-vent SO2-flux monitoring yields 0.06-2.37 (0.83) Tg/Ma/m S. Input-output comparisons show that the arc water fluxes only account for up to 40 % of the input even if we include an "invisible" plutonic component constrained by crustal growth. With 20-30 % of the H2O input transferred into the deeper mantle as suggested by petrologic modeling, there remains a deficiency of, say, 30-40 % in the water budget. At least some of this water is transferred into two upper-plate regions of low seismic velocity and electrical resistivity whose sizes vary along arc: one region widely envelopes the melt ascent paths from slab top to arc and the other extends obliquely from the slab below the forearc to below the arc. Whether these reservoirs are transient or steady remains unknown. KW - Subduction input KW - Forearc dewatering KW - Arc magmatism KW - Subduction fluids Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1001-1 SN - 1437-3254 SN - 1437-3262 VL - 103 IS - 7 SP - 2101 EP - 2127 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - THES A1 - Goldbeck, Johanna T1 - Volksaufklärerische Schulreform auf dem Lande in einer ihren Verflechtungen : das Besucherverzeichnis der Reckahner Musterschule Friedrich Eberhard von Rochows als Schlüsselquelle für europaweite Netzwerke im Zeitalter der Aufklärung T2 - Philanthropismus und populäre Aufklärung Studien und Dokumente Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-943245-19-6 VL - 7 PB - Ed. Lumière CY - Bremen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lefoulon, Cecile A1 - Karnik, Rucha A1 - Honsbein, Annegret A1 - Gutla, Paul Vijay A1 - Grefen, Christopher A1 - Riedelsberger, Janin A1 - Poblete, Tomas A1 - Dreyer, Ingo A1 - Gonzalez, Wendy A1 - Blatt, Michael R. T1 - Voltage-sensor transitions of the inward-rectifying K+ channel KAT1 indicate a latching mechanism biased by hydration within the voltage sensor JF - Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants N2 - The Kv-like (potassium voltage-dependent) K+ channels at the plasma membrane, including the inward-rectifying KAT1 K+ channel of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), are important targets for manipulating K+ homeostasis in plants. Gating modification, especially, has been identified as a promising means by which to engineer plants with improved characteristics in mineral and water use. Understanding plant K+ channel gating poses several challenges, despite many similarities to that of mammalian Kv and Shaker channel models. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to explore residues that are thought to form two electrostatic countercharge centers on either side of a conserved phenylalanine (Phe) residue within the S2 and S3 alpha-helices of the voltage sensor domain (VSD) of Kv channels. Consistent with molecular dynamic simulations of KAT1, we show that the voltage dependence of the channel gate is highly sensitive to manipulations affecting these residues. Mutations of the central Phe residue favored the closed KAT1 channel, whereas mutations affecting the countercharge centers favored the open channel. Modeling of the macroscopic current kinetics also highlighted a substantial difference between the two sets of mutations. We interpret these findings in the context of the effects on hydration of amino acid residues within the VSD and with an inherent bias of the VSD, when hydrated around a central Phe residue, to the closed state of the channel. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.244319 SN - 0032-0889 SN - 1532-2548 VL - 166 IS - 2 SP - 960 EP - U776 PB - American Society of Plant Physiologists CY - Rockville ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wiemann, Dirk T1 - Vom Globus zum Planeten : Derek Walcott ‘nach der Hybridität’ lesen T2 - Nach der Hybridität : Zukünfte der Kulturwissenschaften Y1 - 2014 VL - 2014 SP - 167 EP - 184 PB - tranvia CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK ED - Schröter, Lothar T1 - Vom Kampf für den Frieden BT - Geschichte und Gegenwart der Friedensbewegung in Deutschland Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-941880-94-8 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Riemer, Martin T1 - Vom Phenol zum Naturstoff : Entwicklung nachhaltiger Mikrowellen-vermittelter SUZUKI-MIYAURA-Kupplungen und Tandem-Reaktionen T1 - From phenol to natural products : development of sustainable microwave-mediated Suzuki-Miyaura couplings and tandem reactions N2 - Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung von Methoden zur Synthese von auf Phenol basierenden Naturstoffen. Insbesondere wurde bei der Methodenentwicklung die Nachhaltigkeit in den Vordergrund gerückt. Dies bedeutet, dass durch die Zusammenfassung mehrerer Syntheseschritte zu einem (Tandem-Reaktion) beispielsweise unnötige Reaktionsschritte vermieden werden sollten. Ferner sollten im Sinne der Nachhaltigkeit möglichst ungiftige Reagenzien und Lösungmittel verwendet werden, ebenso wie mehrfach wiederverwertbare Katalysatoren zum Einsatz kommen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden zum Aufbau von Biphenolen mittels Pd/C-katalysierten Suzuki-Miyaura-Kupplungen entwickelt. Diese Methoden sind insofern äußerst effizient, da der ansonsten gebräuchliche Syntheseweg über drei Reaktionsschritte somit auf lediglich eine Reaktionsstufe reduziert wurde. Weiterhin wurden die Reaktionsbedingungen so gestaltet, dass einfaches Wasser als vollkommen ungiftiges Lösungsmittel verwendet werden konnte. Des Weiteren wurde für diese Reaktionen ein Katalysator gewählt, der einfach durch Filtration vom Reaktionsgemisch abgetrennt und für weitere Reaktionen mehrfach wiederverwendet werden konnte. Darüber hinaus konnte durch die Synthese von mehr als 100 Verbindungen die breite Anwendbarkeit der Methoden aufgezeigt werden. Mit den entwickelten Methoden konnten 14 Naturstoffe - z. T. erstmals - synthetisiert werden. Derartige Stoffe werden u. a. von den ökonomisch bedeutenden Kernobstgewächsen (Äpfeln, Birnen) als Abwehrmittel gegenüber Schädlingen erzeugt. Folglich konnte mit Hilfe dieser Methoden ein Syntheseweg für potentielle Pflanzenschutzmittel entwickelt werden. Im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde ein Zugang zu den sich ebenfalls vom Phenol ableitenden Chromanonen, Chromonen und Cumarinen untersucht. Bei diesen Untersuchungen konnte durch die Entwicklung zweier neuer Tandem-Reaktionen ein nachhaltiger und stufenökonomischer Syntheseweg zur Darstellung substituierter Benzo(dihydro)pyrone aufgezeigt werden. Durch die erstmalige Kombination der Claisen-Umlagerung mit einer Oxa-Michael-Addition bzw. konjugierten-Addition wurden zwei vollkommen atomökonomische Reaktionen miteinander verknüpft und somit eine überaus effiente Synthese von allyl- bzw. prenylsubstituierten Chromanonen und Chromonen ermöglicht. Ferner konnten durch die Anwendung einer Claisen-Umlagerung-Wittig-Laktonisierungs-Reaktion allyl- bzw. prenylsubstituierte Cumarine erhalten werden. Herausragendes Merkmal dieser Methoden war, dass in nur einem Schritt der jeweilige Naturstoffgrundkörper aufgebaut und eine lipophile Seitenkette generiert werden konnte. Die Entwicklung dieser Methoden ist von hohem pharmazeutischem Stellenwert, da auf diesen Wegen Verbindungen synthetisiert werden können, die zum einem über das notwendige pharmakologische Grundgerüst verfügen und zum anderen über eine Seitenkette, welche die Aufnahmefähigkeit und damit die Wirksamkeit im Organismus beträchtlich erhöht. Insgesamt konnten mittels der entwickelten Methoden 15 Chromanon-, Chromon- und Cumarin-Naturstoffe z. T. erstmals synthetisiert werden. N2 - The aim of this work was the development of methods for the synthesis of natural products based on phenol. In particular, in developing methods, sustainability has been brought to the fore. This means that, for example, unnecessary reaction steps should be avoided by the combination of several synthetic steps to a (tandem reaction). Furthermore, non-toxic as possible in terms of sustainability reagents and solvents should be used, as well as multiple reusable catalysts are used. In this work, methods have been developed for the synthesis of bisphenols using Pd / C-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. These methods are so far äuÿerst e? Cient, since the otherwise common synthetic route was thus reduced to merely a reaction stage, three reaction steps. Furthermore, the reaction conditions were designed to plain water could be used as a completely non-toxic solvent. It was also elected a catalyst for these reactions, which could be easily separated by filtration from the reaction mixture and reused several times for further reactions. In addition, it could be demonstrated through the synthesis of more than 100 compounds, the broad applicability of the methods. ., For the first time T. - - Using the methods developed 14 natural compounds could be synthesized. Such substances are among others generated by the economically important pome fruit crops (apples, pears) as a defense against pests. Consequently, it could be developed using these methods, a synthetic route for potential plant protection products. In the second part of this work, access to the likewise derived from phenol chromanones, chromones and coumarins was investigated. In these studies, a sustainable and economical route in stages to represent substituted benzo (dihydro) pyrones could be demonstrated by the development of two new tandem reactions. The initial combination of the Claisen rearrangement with an oxa-Michael addition or conjugated addition of two perfectly atom-economical reactions were interlinked and thus allows a very effiente synthesis of allyl or prenylsubstituierten chromanones and chromones. Furthermore or prenylsubstituierte coumarins could be obtained by the application of a Claisen rearrangement Wittig lactonization reaction allyl. The outstanding feature of these methods was that built up in only one step of the respective natural product base and a lipophilic side chain could be generated. The development of these methods is of great pharmaceutical importance, since these paths compounds can be synthesized on a the necessary pharmacological Backbone and on the other hand have a side chain, which increases the absorption and thus the effectiveness in the body considerably. Overall, z. T. were synthesized using the methods developed Chromanon- 15, chromone and coumarin-natural products for the first time. KW - Phenol KW - Biphenol KW - Cumarin KW - Chromon KW - Chromanon KW - phenol KW - biphenol KW - coumarine KW - chromone KW - chromanone Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72525 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Czech, Vinzenz T1 - Von "Musspreußen" zu treuen Staatsbürgern? die Eingliederung der ehemals sächsischen Gebiete in den preußischen Staat nach 1815 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-95498-084-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stellmacher, Martha T1 - Von Budapest nach Straßburg BT - der Kantor Marcel Lorand (1912–1988) JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Der ungarische Kantor Marcel (Martón) Lorand trat 1964, von der neologen Großen Synagoge Budapest kommend, die Kantorenstelle an der orthodoxen Synagogue de la Paix in Straßburg an. Dieser Beitrag nähert sich seinem Leben und Wirken über seine Schallplatten-Aufnahmen sowie über Erinnerungen von Zeitgenossen. Am Beispiel Lorands soll betrachtet werden, mit welchen Herausforderungen ein Kantor beim Wechsel von einer Gemeinde in eine andere konfrontiert sein kann. In einer der wichtigsten Gemeindefunktionen, als Leiter des Synagogengottesdienstes, muss ein Kantor flexibel sein und sich an ortsgebundene liturgische Bräuche anpassen können. N2 - In 1964, coming from the neolog Great Synagogue of Budapest, the Hungarian cantor Marcel (Martón) Lorand accepted the position of a cantor in the orthodox Synagogue de la Paix in Strasbourg. This paper attempts to trace Lorand’s life and work by his disc records and by personal memories of some of his Strasbourg colleagues. Lorand’s case can be taken as an example for the challenges a cantor may be faced with when he changes from one community to another. As the main protagonist of the synagogue service he has to be flexible and adapt himself to the local liturgical customs. Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71632 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 VL - 20 SP - 33 EP - 45 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göse, Frank T1 - Von der Juniorpartnerschaft zur Gleichrangigkeit. das brandenburgisch-sähsische Verhältnis im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert JF - Preußen und Sachsen T2 - Szenen einer Nachbarschaft ; erste Brandenburgische Landesausstellung Schloss Doberlug [7. Juni bis 2. November] 2014 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-95498-084-0 PB - Sandstein-Verl. CY - Dresden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berner, Elisabeth T1 - Von der Schwierigkeit, einer Stadt eine Kunsthalle zu schenken BT - Strategien der Emotionalisierung in einem aktuellen kommunalpolitischen Diskurs JF - Emotionalität im Text Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-95809-506-9 SN - 1430-4139 IS - 85 SP - 231 EP - 248 PB - Stauffenburg CY - Tübingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bothe, Jan Philipp T1 - Von Mordbrennern und Feuer-Hunden BT - Heidelbergs Zerstörungen im Neunjährigen Krieg als frühneuzeitliche Medienereignisse JF - Militär und Gesellschaft in der Frühen Neuzeit Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92441 VL - 2014 IS - 18/1 SP - 11 EP - 47 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weinbach, Christine T1 - Von personalen Kategorien zu Sozialstrukturen : eine Kritik der Intersektionalitäts-Debatte Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-531-19400-4 ER - TY - THES A1 - Faber, Eike T1 - Von Ulfila bis Rekkared BT - die Goten und ihr Christentum T2 - Potsdamer altertumswissenschaftliche Beiträge ; Bd. 51 N2 - Für etwa 200 Jahre, vom Ende des 4. Jahrhunderts bis 589 n. Chr., gehören die Westgoten einem von der Orthodoxie der Reichskirche abweichenden christlichen Bekenntnis an. Auf dem 3. Konzil von Toledo beendet König Rekkared diesen Zustand religiöser Alterität durch die Konversion zum Katholizismus. Die antiken Berichte zeichnen nur vordergründig ein kohärentes Bild des Christentums der Goten. Dagegen weist Eike Faber Widersprüche und Fehler in der Überlieferung nach und bietet eine Reihe neuer Interpretationen an. Die genauere Betrachtung vermag dabei sowohl den dogmatischen Gehalt des Christentums der Goten schärfer zu konturieren als auch die Beweggründe für die Annahme des neuen Glaubens herauszustellen und die traditionelle Datierung dieses Vorgangs zu widerlegen. Schließlich wird deutlich, welche Funktion das fortgesetzte Festhalten an einer demonstrativ anderen religiösen Überzeugung für die Goten hatte. Prägnante Wegmarken der gotischen Geschichte, wie die Bibelübersetzung Ulfilas, die Eroberung und Plünderung Roms 410 n. Chr. oder die demonstrative Aufgabe der religiösen Differenz durch König Rekkared, werden erst durch diesen neuen, umfassenden Kontext verständlich. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-515-10929-1 SN - 978-3-515-10926-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25162/9783515109291 PB - Steiner CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goeschel, Albrecht T1 - Von Vorteilsextremismus und Gleichgewichtsidealismus N2 - Der Ausgang der Bundestagswahl 2013 hat über die Zukunft des Modells Europa entschieden, noch bevor die Europawahlen 2014 auch in Deutschland stattgefunden haben. Mit dem Ergebnis dieser Bundestagswahl wird ein vom Hegemon Deutschland zugleich auch für die Eliten Europas mitstatuierter Exportund Finanzkeynesianismus für lange Zeit etabliert werden. KW - Eurokrise KW - Finanzkrise KW - Kapitalismus Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69979 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Roon, Kevin T1 - Vorlesung 2013-01-14 : A dynamical computational model of phonological planning Y1 - 2014 UR - http://info.ub.uni-potsdam.de/multimedia/show_multimediafile.php?mediafile_id=500 PB - Univ.-Bibl. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Düsterhöft, Stefanie A1 - Trüggelmann, Maria A1 - Richter, Kerstin T1 - Vorschulische Sprachstandserhebungen in Berliner Kindertagesstätten BT - eine vergleichende Untersuchung JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik N2 - 1 Einleitung 2 Methodik 3 Ergebnisse 4 Schlussfolgerung 5 Literatur KW - Patholinguistik KW - Sprachtherapie KW - Hörstörungen KW - Cochlea-Implantat KW - Hören KW - patholinguistics KW - speech/language therapy KW - hearing loss KW - cochlear implant KW - hearing Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71505 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 7 SP - 133 EP - 138 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gärtner, Ursula T1 - Vorwort Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-86956-237-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gärtner, Ursula T1 - Vorwort Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-86956-243-8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulze, Götz T1 - Vorwort Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8487-1086-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Wahrgenommene Kompetenzentwicklung im Praxissemester und dessen berufsorientierte Wirkung : Ergebnisse der ProPrax-Studie Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8309-3057-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nagy, Csongor István ED - Badó, Attila ED - Belling, Detlev W. T1 - Was ist mit Vale nach dem Urteil des EuGH geschehen? Die Operation war gelungen, der Patient ist aber gestorben… JF - Rechtsentwicklungen aus europäischer Perspektive im 21. Jahrhundert Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74618 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 213 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rieckh, Helene A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Siemens, Jan A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Water and dissolved carbon fluxes in an eroding soil landscape depending on terrain position JF - Vadose zone journal N2 - Leaching of dissolved C in arable hummocky ground moraine soil landscapes is characterized by a spatial continuum of more or less erosion-affected Luvisols, Calcaric Regosols at exposed positions, and Colluvic Regosols in depressions. Our objective was to estimate the fluxes of dissolved C in four differently eroded soils as affected by erosion-induced pedological and soil structural alterations. In this model study, we considered landscape position effects by adapting the water table as the bottom boundary condition and erosion effects by using pedon-specific soil hydraulic properties. The one-dimensional vertical water movement was described with the Richards equation using HYDRUS-1D. Solute fluxes were obtained by combining calculated water fluxes with concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic C (DOC and DIC, respectively) measured from soil solution extracted by suction cups at biweekly intervals. In the 3-yr period (2010-2012), DOC fluxes in the 2-m soil depth were similar at the three non-colluvic locations with -0.8 +/- 0.1 g m(-2) yr(-1) (i.e., outflow) but were 0.4 g m(-2) yr(-1) (i.e., input) in the depression. The DIC fluxes ranged from -10.2 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the eroded Luvisol, -9.2 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the Luvisol, and -6.1 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the Calcaric Regosol to 3.2 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the Colluvic Regosol. The temporal variations in DOC and DIC fluxes were controlled by water fluxes. The spatially distributed leaching results corroborate the hypothesis that the effects of soil erosion influence fluxes through modified hydraulic and transport properties and terrain-dependent boundary conditions. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.10.0173 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 13 IS - 7 PB - Soil Science Society of America CY - Madison ER - TY - THES A1 - Burdack, Doreen T1 - Water management policies and their impact on irrigated crop production in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia T1 - Wasserregulierungsstrategien und deren Auswirkungen auf bewässerte Feldfrüchteproduktion im Murray-Darling Flusseinzugsgebiet, Australien N2 - The economic impact analysis contained in this book shows how irrigation farming is particularly susceptible when applying certain water management policies in the Australian Murray-Darling Basin, one of the world largest river basins and Australia’s most fertile region. By comparing different pricing and non-pricing water management policies with the help of the Water Integrated Market Model, it is found that the impact of water demand reducing policies is most severe on crops that need to be intensively irrigated and are at the same time less water productive. A combination of increasingly frequent and severe droughts and the application of policies that decrease agricultural water demand, in the same region, will create a situation in which the highly water dependent crops rice and cotton cannot be cultivated at all. N2 - Die ökonomische Folgenanalyse in diesem Buch zeigt, dass insbesondere Landwirte, die stark auf Bewässerung angewiesen sind, von Wasserregulierungsstrategien im Australischen Murray-Darling Becken betroffen sind. Dieses Gebiet ist eines der größten Flussbecken weltweit und zugleich Australiens fruchtbarste Region. Durch den Vergleich von verschiedenen Preisstrategien und anderen Ansätzen konnte mit Hilfe des Water Integrated Market Models herausgefunden werden, dass die Auswirkungen auf hochgradig wasserabhängige Feldfrüchte mit geringeren Wasserproduktivitäten am stärksten sind. Die Kombination von häufigeren und intensiveren Trockenzeiten und einer Regulierungspolitik mit dem Ziel, die Nachfrage nach Wasser zu verringern, führt dazu, dass in ein und derselben Region hochgradig wasserabhängige Feldfrüchte wie Reis und Baumwolle mit geringeren Wasserproduktivitäten nicht mehr angebaut werden können. T3 - Potsdam Economic Studies - 4 KW - Wasserregulierung KW - Wasserpolitik KW - Bewässerung KW - landwirtschaftliche Produktion KW - Australien KW - water management KW - water policy KW - irrigation KW - agricultural production KW - Australia Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72245 SN - 978-3-86956-306-0 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meyer, Andreas A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Weak conformance between process models and synchronized object life cycles N2 - Process models specify behavioral execution constraints between activities as well as between activities and data objects. A data object is characterized by its states and state transitions represented as object life cycle. For process execution, all behavioral execution constraints must be correct. Correctness can be verified via soundness checking which currently only considers control flow information. For data correctness, conformance between a process model and its object life cycles is checked. Current approaches abstract from dependencies between multiple data objects and require fully specified process models although, in real-world process repositories, often underspecified models are found. Coping with these issues, we introduce the concept of synchronized object life cycles and we define a mapping of data constraints of a process model to Petri nets extending an existing mapping. Further, we apply the notion of weak conformance to process models to tell whether each time an activity needs to access a data object in a particular state, it is guaranteed that the data object is in or can reach the expected state. Then, we introduce an algorithm for an integrated verification of control flow correctness and weak data conformance using soundness checking. N2 - Prozessmodelle spezifizieren die Verhaltensabhängigkeiten bezüglich der Ausführung sowohl zwischen Aktivitäten als auch zwischen Aktivitäten und Datenobjekten. Ein Datenobjekt wird über seine Zustände und Zustandsübergänge charakterisiert, welche in einem Objektlebenszyklus abgebildet werden. Für eine fehlerfreie Prozessausführung müssen alle Verhaltensabhängigkeiten korrekt modelliert werden. Eine Standardtechnik zur Korrektheitsüberprüfung ist das Überprüfen auf Soundness. Aktuelle Ansätze berücksichtigen allerdings nur den Kontrollfluss. Datenkorrektheit wird dagegen mittels Conformance zwischen einem Prozessmodel und den verwendeten Objektlebenszyklen überprüft, indem die Existenz eines Zustandsüberganges im Prozessmodell auch im Objektlebenszyklus möglich sein muss. Allerdings abstrahieren aktuelle Ansätze von Abhängigkeiten zwischen mehreren Datenobjekten und erfordern eine vollständige Prozessmodellspezifikation, d.h. das Überspringen oder Zusammenfassen von Zuständen beziehungsweise das Auslagern von Zustandsüberhängen in andere Prozessmodelle ist zum Beispiel nicht vorgesehen. In Prozessmodellsammlungen aus der Praxis sind allerdings oft solche unterspezifizierten Prozessmodelle vorhanden. In diesem Report adressieren wir diese Problemstellungen. Dazu führen wir das Konzept der synchronisierten Objektlebenszyklen ein, erweitern ein Mapping von Prozessmodellen zu Petri Netzen um Datenabhängigkeiten und wenden das Konzept der Weak Conformance auf Prozessmodelle an, um zu entscheiden ob immer wenn eine Aktivität auf ein Datenobjekt zugreift dieses auch im richtigen Zustand vorliegt. Dazu kann das Datenobjekt bereits in diesem Zustand sein oder aber diesen über eine beliebige Anzahl von Zustandsübergängen erreichen. Basierend auf diesen Konzepten führen wir auch einen Algorithmus ein, welcher ein integriertes Überprüfen von Kontrollfluss- und Datenflusskorrektheit unter Nutzung von Soundness-Überprüfungen ermöglicht. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 91 KW - business process management KW - data flow correctness KW - object life cycle synchronization KW - Petri net mapping KW - conformance checking KW - Geschäftsprozessmanagement KW - Datenflusskorrektheit KW - Objektlebenszyklus-Synchronisation KW - Petri net Mapping KW - Conformance Überprüfung Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71722 SN - 978-3-86956-303-9 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 91 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steffen, M. A1 - Hubrig, Swetlana A1 - Todt, Helge Tobias A1 - Schoeller, M. A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Sandin, Christer A1 - Schönberner, Detlef T1 - Weak magnetic fields in central stars of planetary nebulae? JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - Context. It is not yet clear whether magnetic fields play an essential role in shaping planetary nebulae (PNe), or whether stellar rotation alone and/or a close binary companion, stellar or substellar, can account for the variety of the observed nebular morphologies. Aims. In a quest for empirical evidence verifying or disproving the role of magnetic fields in shaping planetary nebulae, we follow up on previous attempts to measure the magnetic field in a representative sample of PN central stars. Methods. We obtained low-resolution polarimetric spectra with FORS2 installed on the Antu telescope of the VLT for a sample of 12 bright central stars of PNe with different morphologies, including two round nebulae, seven elliptical nebulae, and three bipolar nebulae. Two targets are Wolf-Rayet type central stars. Results. For the majority of the observed central stars, we do not find any significant evidence for the existence of surface magnetic fields. However, our measurements may indicate the presence of weak mean longitudinal magnetic fields of the order of 100 Gauss in the central star of the young elliptical planetary nebula IC 418 as well as in the Wolf-Rayet type central star of the bipolar nebula Hen 2-113 and the weak emission line central star of the elliptical nebula Hen 2-131. A clear detection of a 250 G mean longitudinal field is achieved for the A-type companion of the central star of NGC 1514. Some of the central stars show a moderate night-to-night spectrum variability, which may be the signature of a variable stellar wind and/or rotational modulation due to magnetic features. Conclusions. Since our analysis indicates only weak fields, if any, in a few targets of our sample, we conclude that strong magnetic fields of the order of kG are not widespread among PNe central stars. Nevertheless, simple estimates based on a theoretical model of magnetized wind bubbles suggest that even weak magnetic fields below the current detection limit of the order of 100 G may well be sufficient to contribute to the shaping of the surrounding nebulae throughout their evolution. Our current sample is too small to draw conclusions about a correlation between nebular morphology and the presence of stellar magnetic fields. KW - planetary nebulae: general KW - stars: magnetic field KW - stars: AGB and post-AGB KW - binaries: close KW - techniques: polarimetric Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423842 SN - 0004-6361 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 570 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deplazes, Gaudenz A1 - Lückge, Andreas A1 - Stuut, Jan-Berend W. A1 - Paetzold, Jürgen A1 - Kuhlmann, Holger A1 - Husson, Dorothee A1 - Fant, Mara A1 - Haug, Gerald H. T1 - Weakening and strengthening of the Indian monsoon during Heinrich events and Dansgaard- Oeschger oscillations JF - Paleoceanography N2 - The Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations and Heinrich events described in North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice are expressed in the climate of the tropics, for example, as documented in Arabian Sea sediments. Given the strength of this teleconnection, we seek to reconstruct its range of environmental impacts. We present geochemical and sedimentological data from core SO130-289KL from the Indus submarine slope spanning the last similar to 80 kyr. Elemental and grain size analyses consistently indicate that interstadials are characterized by an increased contribution of fluvial suspension from the Indus River. In contrast, stadials are characterized by an increased contribution of aeolian dust from the Arabian Peninsula. Decadal-scale shifts at climate transitions, such as onsets of interstadials, were coeval with changes in productivity-related proxies. Heinrich events stand out as especially dry and dusty events, indicating a dramatically weakened Indian summer monsoon, potentially increased winter monsoon circulation, and increased aridity on the Arabian Peninsula. This finding is consistent with other paleoclimate evidence for continental aridity in the northern tropics during these events. Our results strengthen the evidence that circum-North Atlantic temperature variations translate to hydrological shifts in the tropics, with major impacts on regional environmental conditions such as rainfall, river discharge, aeolian dust transport, and ocean margin anoxia. KW - Indian Monsoon KW - Arabian Sea KW - XRF KW - Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations KW - Heinrich events KW - Sediment Transport Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2013PA002509 SN - 0883-8305 SN - 1944-9186 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 99 EP - 114 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sens, Henriette T1 - Web-Based map generalization tools put to the test: a jABC workflow JF - Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach N2 - Geometric generalization is a fundamental concept in the digital mapping process. An increasing amount of spatial data is provided on the web as well as a range of tools to process it. This jABC workflow is used for the automatic testing of web-based generalization services like mapshaper.org by executing its functionality, overlaying both datasets before and after the transformation and displaying them visually in a .tif file. Mostly Web Services and command line tools are used to build an environment where ESRI shapefiles can be uploaded, processed through a chosen generalization service and finally visualized in Irfanview. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-662-45005-5 SN - 1865-0929 IS - 500 SP - 175 EP - 185 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Voland, Patrick T1 - Webbasierte Visualisierung von Extended Floating Car Data (XFCD) T1 - Web-based visualisation of Extended Floating Car Data (XFCD) BT - Ein Ansatz zur raumzeitlichen Visualisierung und technischen Implementierung mit Open Source Software unter spezieller Betrachtung des Umwelt- und Verkehrsmonitoring BT - An approach for spatio-temporal visualisation and implementation with open-source software under special emphasis of environment and traffic monitoring N2 - Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge verfügen über eine Vielzahl an Sensoren, welche für einen reibungslosen technischen Betrieb benötigt werden. Hierzu zählen neben fahrzeugspezifischen Sensoren (wie z.B. Motordrehzahl und Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit) auch umweltspezifische Sensoren (wie z.B. Luftdruck und Umgebungstemperatur). Durch die zunehmende technische Vernetzung wird es möglich, diese Daten der Kraftfahrzeugelektronik aus dem Fahrzeug heraus für die verschiedensten Zwecke zu verwenden. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten, diese neue Art an massenhaften Daten im Sinne des Konzepts der „Extended Floating Car Data“ (XFCD) als Geoinformationen nutzbar zu machen und diese für raumzeitliche Visualisierungen (zur visuellen Analyse) anwenden zu können. In diesem Zusammenhang wird speziell die Perspektive des Umwelt- und Verkehrsmonitoring betrachtet, wobei die Anforderungen und Potentiale mit Hilfe von Experteninterviews untersucht werden. Es stellt sich die Frage, welche Daten durch die Kraftfahrzeugelektronik geliefert und wie diese möglichst automatisiert erfasst, verarbeitet, visualisiert und öffentlich bereitgestellt werden können. Neben theoretischen und technischen Grundlagen zur Datenerfassung und -nutzung liegt der Fokus auf den Methoden der kartographischen Visualisierung. Dabei soll der Frage nachgegangenen werden, ob eine technische Implementierung ausschließlich unter Verwendung von Open Source Software möglich ist. Das Ziel der Arbeit bildet ein zweigliedriger Ansatz, welcher zum einen die Visualisierung für ein exemplarisch gewähltes Anwendungsszenario und zum anderen die prototypische Implementierung von der Datenerfassung im Fahrzeug unter Verwendung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen „On Board Diagnose“-Schnittstelle und einem Smartphone-gestützten Ablauf bis zur webbasierten Visualisierung umfasst. KW - spatio-temporal sensor data KW - open source software KW - automotive electronics KW - geovisualization Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96751 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rungrottheera, Wannarut A1 - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang T1 - Weighted spaces on corner manifolds JF - Complex variables and elliptic equations N2 - We study spaces on manifolds with double weights and iterated discrete and continuous asymptotics, and their relationship with corner pseudo-differential operators. KW - manifolds with corners KW - iterated asymptotics KW - operators with corner symbols KW - 35J70 KW - 47G30 KW - 58J40 Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17476933.2013.876416 SN - 1747-6933 SN - 1747-6941 VL - 59 IS - 12 SP - 1706 EP - 1738 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - THES A1 - Zerle-Elsäßer, Claudia T1 - Wer wird Vater und wann? BT - Zur Kinderlosigkeit von Männern und dem Timing einer ersten Vaterschaft im Lebenslauf Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-86573-844-8 PB - Wiss. Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tian, Fang A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Mischke, Steffen A1 - Schlütz, Frank T1 - What drives the recent intensified vegetation degradation in Mongolia BT - Climate change or human activity? T2 - The Holocene N2 - This study examines the course and driving forces of recent vegetation change in the Mongolian steppe. A sediment core covering the last 55years from a small closed-basin lake in central Mongolia was analyzed for its multi-proxy record at annual resolution. Pollen analysis shows that highest abundances of planted Poaceae and highest vegetation diversity occurred during 1977-1992, reflecting agricultural development in the lake area. A decrease in diversity and an increase in Artemisia abundance after 1992 indicate enhanced vegetation degradation in recent times, most probably because of overgrazing and farmland abandonment. Human impact is the main factor for the vegetation degradation within the past decades as revealed by a series of redundancy analyses, while climate change and soil erosion play subordinate roles. High Pediastrum (a green algae) influx, high atomic total organic carbon/total nitrogen (TOC/TN) ratios, abundant coarse detrital grains, and the decrease of C-13(org) and N-15 since about 1977 but particularly after 1992 indicate that abundant terrestrial organic matter and nutrients were transported into the lake and caused lake eutrophication, presumably because of intensified land use. Thus, we infer that the transition to a market economy in Mongolia since the early 1990s not only caused dramatic vegetation degradation but also affected the lake ecosystem through anthropogenic changes in the catchment area. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 418 KW - central Mongolia KW - grain size KW - human impact KW - lake eutrophication KW - pollen KW - vegetation degradation Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404201 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tian, Fang A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Mischke, Steffen A1 - Schluetz, Frank T1 - What drives the recent intensified vegetation degradation in Mongolia - Climate change or human activity? JF - The Holocene : an interdisciplinary journal focusing on recent environmental change N2 - This study examines the course and driving forces of recent vegetation change in the Mongolian steppe. A sediment core covering the last 55years from a small closed-basin lake in central Mongolia was analyzed for its multi-proxy record at annual resolution. Pollen analysis shows that highest abundances of planted Poaceae and highest vegetation diversity occurred during 1977-1992, reflecting agricultural development in the lake area. A decrease in diversity and an increase in Artemisia abundance after 1992 indicate enhanced vegetation degradation in recent times, most probably because of overgrazing and farmland abandonment. Human impact is the main factor for the vegetation degradation within the past decades as revealed by a series of redundancy analyses, while climate change and soil erosion play subordinate roles. High Pediastrum (a green algae) influx, high atomic total organic carbon/total nitrogen (TOC/TN) ratios, abundant coarse detrital grains, and the decrease of C-13(org) and N-15 since about 1977 but particularly after 1992 indicate that abundant terrestrial organic matter and nutrients were transported into the lake and caused lake eutrophication, presumably because of intensified land use. Thus, we infer that the transition to a market economy in Mongolia since the early 1990s not only caused dramatic vegetation degradation but also affected the lake ecosystem through anthropogenic changes in the catchment area. KW - central Mongolia KW - grain size KW - human impact KW - lake eutrophication KW - pollen KW - vegetation degradation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614540958 SN - 0959-6836 SN - 1477-0911 VL - 24 IS - 10 SP - 1206 EP - 1215 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jaensch, Carol A1 - Heyer, Vera A1 - Gordon, Peter A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - What plurals and compounds reveal about constraints in word formation JF - Language acquisition : a journal of developmental linguistics N2 - Morphological systems are constrained in how they interact with each other. One case that has been widely studied in the psycholinguistic literature is the avoidance of plurals inside compounds (e.g. *rats eater vs. rat eater) in English and other languages, the so-called plurals-in-compounds effect. Several previous studies have shown that both adult and child speakers are sensitive to this contrast, but the question of whether semantic, morphological, or surface-form constraints are responsible for the plurals-in-compounds effect remains controversial. The present study provides new empirical evidence from adult and child English to resolve this controversy. Graded linguistic judgments were obtained from 96 children (age range: 7;06 to 12;08) and 32 adults. In the task, participants were asked to rate compounds containing different kinds of singular or plural modifiers. The results indicated that both children and adults disliked regular plurals inside compounds, whereas irregular plurals were rated as marginal and singulars as fully acceptable. Furthermore, acceptability ratings were found not to be affected by the phonological surface form of a compound-internal modifier. We conclude that semantic and morphological (rather than surface-form) constraints are responsible for the plurals-in-compounds effect, in both children and adults. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10489223.2014.892949 SN - 1048-9223 SN - 1532-7817 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 319 EP - 338 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - THES A1 - Lorey, Johannes T1 - What's in a query : analyzing, predicting, and managing linked data access T1 - Was ist in einer Anfrage : Analyse, Vorhersage und Verwaltung von Zugriffen auf Linked Data N2 - The term Linked Data refers to connected information sources comprising structured data about a wide range of topics and for a multitude of applications. In recent years, the conceptional and technical foundations of Linked Data have been formalized and refined. To this end, well-known technologies have been established, such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF) as a Linked Data model or the SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) for retrieving this information. Whereas most research has been conducted in the area of generating and publishing Linked Data, this thesis presents novel approaches for improved management. In particular, we illustrate new methods for analyzing and processing SPARQL queries. Here, we present two algorithms suitable for identifying structural relationships between these queries. Both algorithms are applied to a large number of real-world requests to evaluate the performance of the approaches and the quality of their results. Based on this, we introduce different strategies enabling optimized access of Linked Data sources. We demonstrate how the presented approach facilitates effective utilization of SPARQL endpoints by prefetching results relevant for multiple subsequent requests. Furthermore, we contribute a set of metrics for determining technical characteristics of such knowledge bases. To this end, we devise practical heuristics and validate them through thorough analysis of real-world data sources. We discuss the findings and evaluate their impact on utilizing the endpoints. Moreover, we detail the adoption of a scalable infrastructure for improving Linked Data discovery and consumption. As we outline in an exemplary use case, this platform is eligible both for processing and provisioning the corresponding information. N2 - Unter dem Begriff Linked Data werden untereinander vernetzte Datenbestände verstanden, die große Mengen an strukturierten Informationen für verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete enthalten. In den letzten Jahren wurden die konzeptionellen und technischen Grundlagen für die Veröffentlichung von Linked Data gelegt und verfeinert. Zu diesem Zweck wurden eine Reihe von Technologien eingeführt, darunter das Resource Description Framework (RDF) als Datenmodell für Linked Data und das SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) zum Abfragen dieser Informationen. Während bisher hauptsächlich die Erzeugung und Bereitstellung von Linked Data Forschungsgegenstand war, präsentiert die vorliegende Arbeit neuartige Verfahren zur besseren Nutzbarmachung. Insbesondere werden dafür Methoden zur Analyse und Verarbeitung von SPARQL-Anfragen entwickelt. Zunächst werden daher zwei Algorithmen vorgestellt, die die strukturelle Ähnlichkeit solcher Anfragen bestimmen. Beide Algorithmen werden auf eine große Anzahl von authentischen Anfragen angewandt, um sowohl die Güte der Ansätze als auch die ihrer Resultate zu untersuchen. Darauf aufbauend werden verschiedene Strategien erläutert, mittels derer optimiert auf Quellen von Linked Data zugegriffen werden kann. Es wird gezeigt, wie die dabei entwickelte Methode zur effektiven Verwendung von SPARQL-Endpunkten beiträgt, indem relevante Ergebnisse für mehrere nachfolgende Anfragen vorgeladen werden. Weiterhin werden in dieser Arbeit eine Reihe von Metriken eingeführt, die eine Einschätzung der technischen Eigenschaften solcher Endpunkte erlauben. Hierfür werden praxisrelevante Heuristiken entwickelt, die anschließend ausführlich mit Hilfe von konkreten Datenquellen analysiert werden. Die dabei gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden erörtert und in Hinblick auf die Verwendung der Endpunkte interpretiert. Des Weiteren wird der Einsatz einer skalierbaren Plattform vorgestellt, die die Entdeckung und Nutzung von Beständen an Linked Data erleichtert. Diese Plattform dient dabei sowohl zur Verarbeitung als auch zur Verfügbarstellung der zugehörigen Information, wie in einem exemplarischen Anwendungsfall erläutert wird. KW - Vernetzte Daten KW - SPARQL KW - RDF KW - Anfragepaare KW - Informationsvorhaltung KW - linked data KW - SPARQL KW - RDF KW - query matching KW - prefetching Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72312 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Schwarz, Wolfgang A1 - Miller, Jeff O. T1 - When less equals more: probability summation without sensitivity improvement T2 - Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance N2 - Many perceptual and cognitive tasks permit or require the integrated cooperation of specialized sensory channels, detectors, or other functionally separate units. In compound detection or discrimination tasks, 1 prominent general mechanism to model the combination of the output of different processing channels is probability summation. The classical example is the binocular summation model of Pirenne (1943), according to which a weak visual stimulus is detected if at least 1 of the 2 eyes detects this stimulus; as we review briefly, exactly the same reasoning is applied in numerous other fields. It is generally accepted that this mechanism necessarily predicts performance based on 2 (or more) channels to be superior to single channel performance, because 2 separate channels provide "2 chances" to succeed with the task. We argue that this reasoning is misleading because it neglects the increased opportunity with 2 channels not just for hits but also for false alarms and that there may well be no redundancy gain at all when performance is measured in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves. We illustrate and support these arguments with a visual detection experiment involving different spatial uncertainty conditions. Our arguments and findings have important implications for all models that, in one way or another, rest on, or incorporate, the notion of probability summation for the analysis of detection tasks, 2-alternative forced-choice tasks, and psychometric functions. KW - probability summation KW - compound detection or discrimination KW - redundancy gain KW - ROC curve KW - 2AFC KW - psychometric functions Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037548 SN - 0096-1523 SN - 1939-1277 VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 2091 EP - 2100 PB - American Psychological Association CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haßler, Sibylle Kathrin A1 - Lark, R. M. A1 - Zimmermann, Beate A1 - Elsenbeer, Helmut T1 - Which sampling design to monitor saturated hydraulic conductivity? JF - European journal of soil science N2 - Soil in a changing world is subject to both anthropogenic and environmental stresses. Soil monitoring is essential to assess the magnitude of changes in soil variables and how they affect ecosystem processes and human livelihoods. However, we cannot always be sure which sampling design is best for a given monitoring task. We employed a rotational stratified simple random sampling (rotStRS) for the estimation of temporal changes in the spatial mean of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) at three sites in central Panama in 2009, 2010 and 2011. To assess this design's efficiency we compared the resulting estimates of the spatial mean and variance for 2009 with those gained from stratified simple random sampling (StRS), which was effectively the data obtained on the first sampling time, and with an equivalent unexecuted simple random sampling (SRS). The poor performance of geometrical stratification and the weak predictive relationship between measurements of successive years yielded no advantage of sampling designs more complex than SRS. The failure of stratification may be attributed to the small large-scale variability of K-s. Revisiting previously sampled locations was not beneficial because of the large small-scale variability in combination with destructive sampling, resulting in poor consistency between revisited samples. We conclude that for our K-s monitoring scheme, repeated SRS is equally effective as rotStRS. Some problems of small-scale variability might be overcome by collecting several samples at close range to reduce the effect of small-scale variation. Finally, we give recommendations on the key factors to consider when deciding whether to use stratification and rotation in a soil monitoring scheme. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12174 SN - 1351-0754 SN - 1365-2389 VL - 65 IS - 6 SP - 792 EP - 802 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mondal, Suvendu Sekhar A1 - Behrens, Karsten A1 - Matthes, Philipp R. A1 - Schönfeld, Fabian A1 - Nitsch, Jörn A1 - Steffen, Andreas A1 - Primus, Philipp-Alexander A1 - Kumke, Michael Uwe A1 - Müller-Buschbaum, Klaus A1 - Holdt, Hans-Jürgen T1 - White light emission of IFP-1 by in situ co-doping of the MOF pore system with Eu3+ and Tb3+ N2 - Co-doping of the MOF 3∞[Zn(2-methylimidazolate-4-amide-5-imidate)] (IFP-1 = Imidazolate Framework Potsdam-1) with luminescent Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions presents an approach to utilize the porosity of the MOF for the intercalation of luminescence centers and for tuning of the chromaticity to the emission of white light of the quality of a three color emitter. Organic based fluorescence processes of the MOF backbone as well as metal based luminescence of the dopants are combined to one homogenous single source emitter while retaining the MOF's porosity. The lanthanide ions Eu3+ and Tb3+ were doped in situ into IFP-1 upon formation of the MOF by intercalation into the micropores of the growing framework without a structure directing effect. Furthermore, the color point is temperature sensitive, so that a cold white light with a higher blue content is observed at 77 K and a warmer white light at room temperature (RT) due to the reduction of the organic emission at higher temperatures. The study further illustrates the dependence of the amount of luminescent ions on porosity and sorption properties of the MOF and proves the intercalation of luminescence centers into the pore system by low-temperature site selective photoluminescence spectroscopy, SEM and EDX. It also covers an investigation of the border of homogenous uptake within the MOF pores and the formation of secondary phases of lanthanide formates on the surface of the MOF. Crossing the border from a homogenous co-doping to a two-phase composite system can be beneficially used to adjust the character and warmth of the white light. This study also describes two-color emitters of the formula Ln@IFP-1a–d (Ln: Eu, Tb) by doping with just one lanthanide Eu3+ or Tb3+. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 190 Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79953 SP - 4623 EP - 4631 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beisheim, Marianne A1 - Liese, Andrea Margit A1 - Vosseler, Christian T1 - Who governs partnershis? on the role board, donors, partners and other stakeholders Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-137-35925-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vock, Miriam A1 - Penk, Christiane A1 - Koeller, Olaf T1 - Who skips a grade? Findings concerning grade acceleration in German schools JF - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis N2 - This study examines how often and in which form students use the option of gradeskipping in Germany and what characterizes those students. The database was derived from a sample of N = 4,103 students (grades 8-10), who were tested within the standardisation process of the national educational standards in mathematics. For these students data existed on their mathematical competence (educational standard items) and intelligence (subtests word analogies and figural analogies of the KFT 4-12 + R). Furthermore, we identified n = 33 (0,8%) students by questionnaire, who had already skipped one grade. Those accelerated students are predominantly boys, had skipped the grade during their first years at school and performed only slightly above-average on two cognitive ability scales. At the time the survey was conducted, 39% did not attend a Gymnasium and 34 % had to repeat one grade after having been accelerated. While they report average grades in relation to their peers, their mathematical competence is well above average. KW - Acceleration KW - grade-skipping KW - whole-grade acceleration KW - giftedness KW - talent Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2013.art22d SN - 0342-183X VL - 61 IS - 3 SP - 153 EP - 164 PB - Reinhardt CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gorum, Tolga A1 - Korup, Oliver A1 - van Westen, Cees J. A1 - van der Meijde, Mark A1 - Xu, Chong A1 - van der Meer, Freek D. T1 - Why so few? Landslides triggered by the 2002 Denali earthquake, Alaska JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - The 2002 M-w 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake, Alaska, provides an unparalleled opportunity to investigate in quantitative detail the regional hillslope mass-wasting response to strong seismic shaking in glacierized terrain. We present the first detailed inventory of similar to 1580 coseismic slope failures, out of which some 20% occurred above large valley glaciers, based on mapping from multi-temporal remote sensing data. We find that the Denali earthquake produced at least one order of magnitude fewer landslides in a much narrower corridor along the fault ruptures than empirical predictions for an M 8 earthquake would suggest, despite the availability of sufficiently steep and dissected mountainous topography prone to frequent slope failure. In order to explore potential controls on the reduced extent of regional coseismic landsliding we compare our data with inventories that we compiled for two recent earthquakes in periglacial and formerly glaciated terrain, i.e. at Yushu, Tibet (M-w 6.9, 2010), and Aysen Fjord, Chile (2007 M-w 6.2). Fault movement during these events was, similarly to that of the Denali earthquake, dominated by strike-slip offsets along near-vertical faults. Our comparison returns very similar coseismic landslide patterns that are consistent with the idea that fault type, geometry, and dynamic rupture process rather than widespread glacier cover were among the first-order controls on regional hillslope erosional response in these earthquakes. We conclude that estimating the amount of coseismic hillslope sediment input to the sediment cascade from earthquake magnitude alone remains highly problematic, particularly if glacierized terrain is involved. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Earthquake KW - Landslide KW - Glacial KW - Sediment cascade KW - Denali KW - Alaska Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.032 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 95 SP - 80 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heimann, Heinz-Dieter T1 - Wir alle sind Nachbarn? BT - soziale Beziehungen im Wandel der historischen Stadt und Nachbarschaften JF - Tür an Tür und Haus an Haus Nachbarschaften in der historischen Stadt Themenbuch 2014 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-00-047888-8 SP - 18 EP - 23 PB - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Städte mit historischen Stadkernen des Landes Brandenburg CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kropp, Sabine A1 - Kuhlmann, Sabine T1 - Wissen und Expertise in Politik und Verwaltung : eine einleitende Zusammenfassung Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8474-0117-9 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Kropp, Sabine ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine T1 - Wissen und Expetise in Politik und Verwaltung T3 - Der moderne Staat : Zeitschrift für polic policy, Recht und Managment : Sonderheft Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8474-0117-9 VL - 1 PB - Budrich CY - Opladen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Juchler, Ingo T1 - Wissenschaftsorientierung Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3- 89974852-9 ER -