TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weyrich, Alexandra
A1  - Benz, Stephanie
A1  - Karl, Stephan
A1  - Jeschek, Marie
A1  - Jewgenow, Katarina
A1  - Fickel, Jörns
T1  - Paternal heat exposure causes DNA methylation and gene expression changes of Stat3 in Wild guinea pig sons
JF  - Ecology and evolution
N2  - Epigenetic mechanisms convey environmental information through generations and can regulate gene expression. Epigenetic studies in wild mammals are rare, but enable understanding adaptation processes as they may occur in nature. In most wild mammal species, males are the dispersing sex and thus often have to cope with differing habitats and thermal changes more rapidly than the often philopatric females. As temperature is a major environmental selection factor, we investigated whether genetically heterogeneous Wild guinea pig (Cavia aperea) males adapt epigenetically to an increase in temperature, whether that response will be transmitted to the next generation(s), and whether it regulates mRNA expression. Five (F0) adult male guinea pigs were exposed to an increased ambient temperature for 2 months, corresponding to the duration of the species' spermatogenesis. To study the effect of heat, we focused on the main thermoregulatory organ, the liver. We analyzed CpG-methylation changes of male offspring (F1) sired before and after the fathers' heat treatment (as has recently been described in Weyrich et al. [Mol. Ecol., 2015]). Transcription analysis was performed for the three genes with the highest number of differentially methylated changes detected: the thermoregulation gene Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (Stat3), the proteolytic peptidase gene Cathepsin Z (Ctsz), and Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) with function in epigenetic regulation. Stat3 gene expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), which indicated a close link between CpG-methylation and expression levels for this gene. The two other genes did not show gene expression changes. Our results indicate the presence of a paternal transgenerational epigenetic effect. Quick adaptation to climatic changes may become increasingly relevant for the survival of wildlife species as global temperatures are rising.
KW  - Adaptation
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - nonmodel species
KW  - Paternal effects
KW  - thermoregulation
KW  - transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1993
SN  - 2045-7758
VL  - 6
SP  - 2657
EP  - 2666
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -