TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Baur, Heiner
A1  - Hirschmueller, Anja
A1  - Carlsohn, Anja
A1  - Fröhlich, Katja
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Prevalence of Achilles and patellar tendinopathy and their association to intratendinous changes in adolescent athletes
JF  - Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
N2  - Achilles (AT) and patellar tendons (PT) are commonly affected by tendinopathy in adult athletes but prevalence of symptoms and morphological changes in adolescents is unclear. The study aimed to determine prevalence of tendinopathy and intratendinous changes in ATs and PTs of adolescent athletes. A total of 760 adolescent athletes (13.0 +/- 1.9 years; 160 +/- 13cm; 50 +/- 14kg) were examined. History, local clinical examination, and longitudinal Doppler ultrasound analysis for both ATs and PTs were performed including identification of intratendinous echoic changes and vascularization. Diagnosis of tendinopathy was complied clinically in case of positive history of tendon pain and tendon pain on palpation. Achilles tendinopathy was diagnosed in 1.8% and patellar tendinopathy in 5.8%. Vascularizations were visible in 3.0% of ATs and 11.4% of PTs, hypoechogenicities in 0.7% and 3.2% as well as hyperechogenicities in 0% and 0.3%, respectively. Vascularizations and hypoechogenicities were statistically significantly more often in males than in females (P0.02). Subjects with patellar tendinopathy had higher prevalence of structural intratendinous changes than those without PT symptoms (P0.001). In adolescent athletes, patellar tendinopathy is three times more frequent compared with Achilles tendinopathy. Longitudinal studies are necessary to investigate physiological or pathological origin of vascularizations and its predictive value in development of tendinopathy.
KW  - Prevalence
KW  - tendinopathy
KW  - sonography
KW  - Doppler ultrasound
KW  - vascularization
KW  - hypoechogenicities
KW  - hyperechogenicities
KW  - adolescent athletes
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12318
SN  - 0905-7188
SN  - 1600-0838
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
SP  - e310
EP  - e318
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Stoll, Josefine
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Tendinopathies of the Lower Extremities in Sport - Diagnostics and Therapy
JF  - Sportverletzung, Sportschaden : Grundlagen, Prävention, Rehabilitation
N2  - Tendinopathies are frequently the cause of chronic, load-dependent complaints of the lower extremity. Commonly, the large tendons of the ankle and knee joints are affected, especially the Achilles and patellar tendons. Repeated overuse in sports and/or daily activities is assumed as the aetiology. Besides the clinical examination including a comprehensive anamnesis of pain and training/loading, sonographic imaging has a high training/loading relevance for the diagnosis of tendon pathologies of the lower extremity. Training concepts are considered in first line as the treatment of choice. A combination with physical therapy interventions can be useful. In cases of a more severe pathology and long-standing complaints multimodal therapeutic options should be employed. The use of surgical treatment procedures should only be taken into account in case of failed response to conservative treatment.
KW  - Tendinopathy
KW  - sonography
KW  - principles of therapy
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1399668
SN  - 0932-0555
SN  - 1439-1236
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SP  - 87
EP  - 98
PB  - Thieme
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  -